1
|
Sharma N, Sisodia S, Jain A, Bhargava T, Kumar P, Rana KS. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Recent Caries Removal Techniques: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e34432. [PMID: 36874665 PMCID: PMC9979096 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dentistry is undergoing a gentle revolution that will consign drill and fill to history. In order to increase the acceptance of dental treatment, efforts are directed toward changing traditional painful dentistry into a new concept of painless dentistry. It is common practice to utilize burs for caries removal and cavity preparation. Chemomechanical caries removal is a painless procedure that uses a chemical substance to eradicate diseased dentine. With the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser systems for caries removal and cavity preparation, the discipline of laser operational dentistry was born out of a desire to find a way to remove the decay without causing any pain or stress to the surrounding healthy tissue. AIM AND OBJECTIVES This in vitro research aimed to assess the relative advantages of chemomechanical and laser caries extraction techniques in comparison to the more traditional bur technique. The efficacy of each method was evaluated by microscopic examination of samples treated with each experimental method. We also evaluated the efficiency of each method by recording the time required for caries excavation. MATERIAL AND METHODS The methods used for caries excavation were bur excavation, chemo-mechanical method, and laser method. Histological slices were produced after all the samples had been treated with the experimental techniques, and they were studied using a binocular light transmission microscope. The samples were then scored as '0' for absence and '1' for the presence of demineralized dentine. These scores and the time recorded for each method were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS This study found no statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of the different approaches to removing caries; however, bur excavation was the quickest and chemo-mechanical was the slowest, with the latter not being useful in cases with low caries activity. The laser method of caries removal doesn't remove caries existing in the undercut areas of the cavity thus making the use of bur mandatory. CONCLUSION With more practice and experience, the chemo-mechanical and laser methods can be used in a more efficient way to render painless operative procedures to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Sharma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, IND
| | - Suruchi Sisodia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Modern Dental College and Research Centre, Indore, IND
| | - Arvind Jain
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, IND
| | - Triveni Bhargava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, IND
| | - Pratiksha Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, IND
| | - Kuldeep Singh Rana
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, IND
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saikaew P, Sattabanasuk V, Harnirattisai C, Chowdhury AFMA, Carvalho R, Sano H. Role of the smear layer in adhesive dentistry and the clinical applications to improve bonding performance. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:59-66. [PMID: 35140823 PMCID: PMC8814382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, dental adhesives can be divided into two systems; a smear layer-removal approach with etch-and-rinse adhesives or a smear layer-modified approach with self-etching adhesives. After phosphoric acid etching, the smear layer is completely removed. More attention is, however, required when using self-etching adhesives. The smear layer is partially demineralized by the weak acidic monomer and subsequently incorporated into the hybrid layer. Therefore, the characteristics of the smear layer play an important role on the bonding performance of self-etching adhesives. Such characteristics, for instance, smear layer thickness and smear layer density, are influenced by many factors, e.g., instruments used for dentin surface preparation, cutting speed, and the abrasive particle size of the cutting instruments. This review discusses the contributing factors that affect the smear layer characteristics, and the influence of the smear layer on the bonding performance of dental adhesives. Also, the application techniques regarding how to improve the bonding performance of self-etching adhesives – the smear layer removal by using chemical agents, or the modification of the adhesive application procedures – are provided.
Collapse
|
3
|
Labunet A, Kui A, Voina-Tonea A, Vigu A, Sava S. Orthodontic Attachment Adhesion to Ceramic Surfaces. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2021; 13:83-95. [PMID: 33762853 PMCID: PMC7982441 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s302770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramic materials are constantly evolving, achieving good functionality and aesthetics. Bonding to ceramics may be difficult because of high toxicity procedures and risk of surface damage. The review aims to answer several research questions: Is there a golden standard for bonding to ceramic? Are there adhesives or types of photopolymerization lamps that produce a higher bond strength on certain types of ceramics rather than others? Articles focusing on the bonding process of orthodontic attachments to ceramic surfaces searched in Pubmed, Medline and Embase, published between 1990 and 2018 were revised. Exclusions concerned bonding to non-ceramic surfaces, bonding to ceramic surfaces that are not destined for orthodontics or laser usage. Forty-nine articles that matched the inclusion criteria were researched. The following categories of original research articles were compared and discussed: metallic brackets bonding to ceramic surfaces, ceramic brackets to ceramic surfaces, bonding to new types of ceramics, such as zirconia, lithium disilicate, different photopolymerisation devices used on bonding to ceramics. Some types of adhesive may achieve minimal bond strength (6-8 MPa) even on glazed ceramic. Ceramic surface preparation may be done by sandblasting or hydrofluoric acid (60s application and 9.6%) with generally similar results. Studies rarely show any statistical difference and there are reduced number of samples in most studies. Ceramic brackets show better adhesion to ceramic surfaces and the same bonding protocol is advised. A higher bond strength may lead to ceramic surface. Few studies focus on newer types of ceramics; additional research is necessary. There is no clear evidence that a certain type of photopolymerization device produces higher shear bond strength values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Labunet
- Dental Materials Discipline, "Iuliu Hatieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Andreea Kui
- Prosthodontics Discipline, "Iuliu Hatieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Andrada Voina-Tonea
- Dental Materials Discipline, "Iuliu Hatieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Alexandra Vigu
- Dental Materials Discipline, "Iuliu Hatieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| | - Sorina Sava
- Dental Materials Discipline, "Iuliu Hatieganu" Medicine and Pharmacy University Cluj-Napoca, Cluj, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Substantial regional differences in the biomechanical behavior of molar treated with selective caries tissue removal technique: a finite element study. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e162-e175. [PMID: 33358015 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Selective caries removal (SCR) is recommended over non-selective removal for managing deep carious lesions to avoid pulp exposure and maintain pulp vitality. During SCR, residual carious dentin is left behind and sealed beneath the restoration. The biomechanical effects of such residual lesions on the restored tooth remain unclear and were assessed using finite element modeling (FEM). METHODS Based on μ-CT images of a healthy permanent human third molar, we developed five finite element models. Generic class I and II cavity restorations were modeled where residual lesions of variable sizes were either left or fully removed on occlusal and proximal surfaces. The cavities were restored with adhesive composite. All 3D-FE models were compared with a model of a healthy, non-treated molar. A vertical load of 100 N was applied onto the occlusal surface. RESULTS Regardless of the lesion size, in molars with occlusal lesions higher mean stresses were predicted along the filling-lesion interface than in all other models. The smallest occlusal lesion (Ø1 = 1 mm) resulted in the highest maximum stresses at the filling-lesion interface with large stress concentrations at the filling walls indicating failure risk. In conclusion, lesion site and extent are influencing parameters affecting the filling-lesion interactions and thus the biomechanical behavior of the tooth after SCR. SIGNIFICANCE Retaining carious lesions around the pulpal floor affects the deformation and stress states in tooth-filling complexes. The higher stresses observed in molars with occlusal lesions may affect restoration stability and longevity. Suprisingly, more extended occlusal lesions may provide a more favorable tooth performance than less extended ones. In contrast, in molars with proximal lesions the residual lesion had only limited effect on the tooth's biomechanical condition.
Collapse
|
5
|
Senthilkumar V, Ramesh S. Systematic review on alternative methods for caries removal in permanent teeth. J Conserv Dent 2020; 23:2-9. [PMID: 33223633 PMCID: PMC7657434 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_263_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental caries is the most common chronic dental disease in the world. It is defined as a multifactorial microbial infectious disease characterized by demineralization of the inorganic and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth. The host, flora, and the substrate should be there for the formation of dental caries. There are various microorganisms responsible for caries. The treatment for caries is essential to prevent teeth from involving pulp, leading to further damage. There are various methods in removing caries such as minimally invasive technique, rotary method with different types of burs, chemomechanical caries removal, and lasers. There are no data in literature for various methods of removing caries in permanent teeth. Materials and Methods: Research question was formulated based on the PICO strategy. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted, independently by two reviewers. Based on the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria's, the selected articles were subjected to quality assessment and the risk of bias was evaluated. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of caries removal by various methods in permanent teeth. Search Strategy: A search was performed in electronic database (i.e. PubMed and Medline) using search terms alone and in combination by means of PubMed search builder from January 1985 to January 2018. Selection Criteria: Studies were selected if they met the following criteria: in vivo studies comparing various methods of caries removal in permanent teeth. Results: The search identified 338 publications, out of which 328 were excluded after examination of the title and 2 were excluded after examination of the abstract. Through the hand search, three articles were included. Eight articles were retrieved for more detailed evaluation from the search. A total of 11 publications fulfilled all the criteria for inclusion. Conclusion: With the available evidence, this review concludes that the studies included in this review have a high risk of quality evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijayapriyangha Senthilkumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sindhu Ramesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tepedino M, Iancu Potrubacz M, Arrizza L, Russo M, Cavarra F, Cordaro M, Chimenti C. In Vitro Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets after Enamel Conditioning with Acid Etching and Hydroabrasion. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8040108. [PMID: 33007807 PMCID: PMC7711535 DOI: 10.3390/dj8040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index ARI) of orthodontic brackets following enamel conditioning with acid etching, hydroabrasion, and with both procedures. Thirty extracted human premolars were divided into three groups and received either acid etching, hydroabrasion or both procedures. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with composite resin. Shear bond strength was tested with a tensile machine, then the teeth were observed under a stereomicroscope to evaluate ARI scores. The enamel morphology after each conditioning method was evaluated with scanning electron microscope imaging. A one-way ANOVA and a Kruskal−Wallis H test were used to compare the bond strength and the ARI scores among the three groups. Hydroabrasion alone produced shear bond strength values below clinical acceptability, while the combination of acid etching and hydroabrasion produced the highest values. The ARI scores in the hydroabrasion group were significantly different from the other groups. Hydroabrasion followed by acid etching was effective in increasing the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Further in vivo studies are needed to confirm the cost and benefits of this technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tepedino
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Viale S. Salvatore Edificio Delta 6, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.I.P.); (M.R.); (C.C.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Clinica Odontoiatrica e Chirurgia Maxillo-facciale, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maciej Iancu Potrubacz
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Viale S. Salvatore Edificio Delta 6, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.I.P.); (M.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Arrizza
- Center for Microscopy, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio 2, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Manuela Russo
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Viale S. Salvatore Edificio Delta 6, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.I.P.); (M.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesco Cavarra
- Section of Odontostomatology, Department of Clinical and Specialist Assistance, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Corso Mario Abbate, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Massimo Cordaro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Clinica Odontoiatrica e Chirurgia Maxillo-facciale, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Chimenti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Viale S. Salvatore Edificio Delta 6, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.I.P.); (M.R.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Bakhadher W, Halawany H, Talic N, Abraham N, Jacob V. Factors Affecting the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets - a Review of In Vitro Studies. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2015; 58:43-8. [PMID: 26455565 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2015.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The adhesive material used to bond orthodontic brackets to teeth should neither fail during the treatment period, resulting in treatment delays, untoward expenses or patient inconvenience nor should it damage the enamel on debonding at the end of the treatment. Although the effectiveness of a bonding system and any unfavorable effects on the enamel may be studied by conducting in-vivo studies, it is nearly impossible to independently analyze different variables that influence a specific bonding system in the oral environment. In-vitro studies, on the other hand, may utilize more standardized protocols for testing different bonding systems and materials available. Thus, the present review focused attention on in-vitro studies and made an attempt to discuss material-related, teeth-related (fluorotic vs non-fluorotic teeth) and other miscellaneous factors that influences the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Within the limitations of this review, using conventional acid-etch technique, ceramic brackets and bonding to non-fluorotic teeth was reported to have a positive influence on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets, but higher shear bond strength found on using ceramic brackets can be dangerous for the enamel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Bakhadher
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Halawany
- Dental Caries Research Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nabeel Talic
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nimmi Abraham
- Dental Caries Research Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vimal Jacob
- Dental Caries Research Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Foley J. Alternative treatment strategies for carious primary teeth: An overview of the evidence. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2013; 7:73-80. [PMID: 17140531 DOI: 10.1007/bf03320818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental decay in children's primary teeth is a major health problem in the Great Britain with, in some areas, nearly 60% of five-year-olds having some experience of caries and 16% already having had at least one tooth extracted. Whilst currently accepted best practice for the management of carious primary teeth involves complete caries removal and placement of a plastic restoration, such conventional treatment is unpopular with general dental practitioners. Indeed, less than 15% of carious cavities in five-year-olds are currently restored and as such, there has been recent interest in alternative 'minimal intervention' treatment techniques for managing dental caries. REVIEW This review summarises the literature and also recent research efforts directed towards understanding the role of alternative treatment regimens including: (1) alternative techniques for cavity preparation and excavation and (2) the isolation of the carious process (in some cases, using cariostatic materials) from the oral environment or sealing in dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Foley
- Department Paediatric Dentistry, Dundee Dental Hospital, Dundee, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Freeman R, Varanasi S, Meyers IA, Symons AL. Effect of air abrasion and thermocycling on resin adaptation and shear bond strength to dentin for an etch-and-rinse and self-etch resin adhesive. Dent Mater J 2012; 31:180-8. [PMID: 22447050 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2011-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of air abrasion and thermocycling on the adaptation and shear bond strength, of composite resin bonded to dentin using etch-and-rinse and self-etch resin adhesives. Confocal microscopy showed both adhesives closely adapted to dentin and a significantly (p<0.001) greater number of resin tags were observed for the etch-and-rinse adhesive. Air abrasion significantly increased resin tag length (p<0.05) for the etch-and-rinse adhesive and significantly increased the number (p<0.001), length (p<0.001) and thickness (p<0.01) of tags for the self-etch adhesive. However, air abrasion resulted in defect formation within the hybrid layer and thermocycling caused separation of the hybrid layer from adjacent dentin containing resin tags. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in shear bond strength was observed for the etch-and-rinse adhesive following thermocycling. Both adhesive systems adapted well to dentin in vitro and shear bond strengths were similar. The area of tag penetration into dentin was significantly (p<0.0001) enhanced following air abrasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Freeman
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
The effect of surface conditioning on the bond strength of resin composite to amalgam. J Dent 2012; 40:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
12
|
Eslamian L, Borzabadi-Farahani A, Mousavi N, Ghasemi A. A comparative study of shear bond strength between metal and ceramic brackets and artificially aged composite restorations using different surface treatments. Eur J Orthod 2011; 34:610-7. [PMID: 21447779 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjr044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) between ceramic brackets (CBs) and resin composite restorations (RCRs) prepared using different surface treatments. The findings were also compared with a similar study that used stainless steel brackets (SSBs). Forty-five premolars were restored with a nano-hybrid composite resin (Tetric EvoCeram) and randomly assigned to three surface treatment groups: group 1, 5 per cent hydrofluoric acid (HF); group 2, air abrasion (50 μm alumina particles); and group 3, diamond bur. Specimens were bonded with CBs (Fascination) and exposed to thermo-cycling (500 cycles). The shear force at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute was transmitted to brackets. The adhesive remnant index (ARIs) scores were recorded after bracket failure. The analysis of SBS variance (P < 0.01) and chi-square test of ARIs scores (P < 0.01) revealed significant differences among three groups tested. The SBS in group 3 (mean: 26.34 ± 4.76 MPa) and group 2 (mean: 26.68 ± 5.93 MPa) was significantly higher than group 1 (mean: 16.25 ± 5.42 MPa). The SBS was significantly higher in CBs (mean: 23.09 ± 7.19 MPa) compared to SSBs (mean: 15.56 ± 5.13 MPa). High ARIs (100 per cent) occurred in SSBs treated with a diamond bur, whereas CBs primarily failed at the resin-adhesive interface (P < 0.01). In two-thirds of the specimens (SSBs or CBs), no adhesive was left on the restoration after HF conditioning. The ARIs profile of CBs and SSBs that received surface treatments with air abrasion were similar (P > 0.05) and bond failure occurred mainly in adhesive-bracket base and resin-adhesive interfaces. The diamond bur surface treatment is recommended as a safe and cost-effective method of bonding CBs to RCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Eslamian
- Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sancakli HS, Erdemir U, Yildiz E. Effects of Er:YAG laser and air abrasion on the microleakage of a resin-based fissure sealant material. Photomed Laser Surg 2011; 29:485-92. [PMID: 21306230 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2010.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different surface pre-treatment techniques on the microleakage of a resin-based fissure sealant material. METHODS Thirty-five molars were divided into the following seven groups based on the surface pre-treatment technique used: (a) Erbium: Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Er:YAG) laser (7 W); (b) Er:YAG laser (7 W)+acid etching (with 37% phosphoric acid); (c) Er:YAG laser (5.5 W); (d) Er:YAG laser (5.5 W)+acid etching; (e) air abrasion+acid etching; (f) air abrasion; and (g) conventional acid etching. The sealant was placed according to the manufacturers' instructions and light-cured for 20 sec. The sealed teeth were thermocycled for 10,000 cycles (5°-55°C), then immersed in 5% methylene blue for 24 h and sectioned mesiodistally. Each section was analyzed and photographed using a light microscope. Microleakage was assessed quantitatively by the degree of dye penetration and also qualitatively, scored on a three-point rating scale. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Regardless of the fissure morphology and penetration depth, enamel surfaces conditioned with Er:YAG laser irradiation exhibited significantly higher microleakage than those conditioned with air abrasion followed by acid etching, and those conditioned with conventional acid etching (p < 0.05). Air abrasion followed by acid etching, as well as conventional acid etching, provided a sufficient seal, whereas laser irradiation alone or in combination with acid etching exhibited higher microleakage than did the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Conventional acid etching remains the most effective and the simplest technique.
Collapse
|
14
|
Neuhaus KW, Ciucchi P, Donnet M, Lussi A. Removal of enamel caries with an air abrasion powder. Oper Dent 2010; 35:538-46. [PMID: 20945745 DOI: 10.2341/10-009-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the efficiency of air abrasion on enamel caries with selective enamel powder (SEP) or with alumina powder and a negative and positive control group. Ninety-three extracted molars with non-cavitated incipient enamel lesions were selected. After embedding the roots in resin, each lesion was sectioned perpendicular to the surface and photographed. Each lesion was classified microscopically as having or not having dentin involvement. The lesions were distributed into four groups with an equal number of enamel caries with or without dentin involvement. Each group was treated differently: Group 1 had SEP abrasion, Group 2 had alumina abrasion, Group 3 had sodium bicarbonate abrasion (negative control) and Group 4 had bur treatment (positive control). The surface was rephotographed after treatment. Superimposition of the photographs identified areas of "correct-excavation," "under-excavation" and "over-excavation." There were no statistical differences between lesions treated with or without dentin involvement for Groups 2 through 4. However, in the SEP group, all measured areas were significantly influenced by dentin involvement. In pairwise comparisons, no statistical differences were found between the alumina and bur groups. The SEP group, however, showed statistically significant differences for each area compared to the alumina group in enamel caries without dentin involvement. SEP performed as well as alumina and bur in lesions with dentin involvement. SEP is different in its ablative properties toward caries with dentin involvement or no dentin involvement. In terms of dental treatment, SEP seems to have a diagnostic potential for enamel lesions before operative intervention in patients with high caries risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus W Neuhaus
- University of Bern, Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Abstract
Enamel conditioning (elimination of dental plaque and creation of an irregular surface) is an essential step before bonding of orthodontic brackets. The most popular procedure in our practice is bonding with resin which requires enamel etching in order to get enough shear bond strength. Many studies have tried to evaluate the effects of enamel bonding using the acid-etching procedure as well as the changes caused by detachment of brackets. Thanks to the development of other adhesives such as glass ionomer cements which chemically bind to the enamel, new enamel conditioning methods appeared, in particular sandblasting with aluminium oxide particles. This technique is a mechanical preparation of the tooth that avoids the harmful effects of acid products. By suitably choosing the parameters of sandblasting (pressure, time and quantity of powder), enamel loss is lower than with the acid-etch procedure and the surface of the enamel seems less affected. However the bond strength remains superior to the values required for treatment. The presented results indicate that enamel sandblasting can be considered as an alternative for the acid-etching technique currently used in orthodontic practice because it creates sufficient strength and respects enamel thickness better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mehdi
- Centre de soins dentaires, 2 place Pasteur, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Honda K, Kinoshita N, Abe T, Hasegawa M, Shimizu A. Efficacy of a new jet nozzle for removal of carious dentin with an air abrasion system. Dent Mater J 2009; 27:835-41. [PMID: 19241693 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.27.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new version of an air abrasion device, which expelled abrasive sodium bicarbonate powder, was fabricated to remove carious tissue. This device had a motor-driven mechanism to control the amount of powder expelled. The purpose of this study was to estimate the abrading efficacy of this device, in particular the new jet nozzle, for removal of carious dentin. Powder was supplied to the handpiece by a rotary gear attached to the powder control motor. Two types of jet nozzles, a cylinder-type and a bugle-type, were fabricated and evaluated. The duct of bugle-type nozzle had an isthmus to increase the air pressure on the powder and to spread it out in a cone-shaped flow. Results obtained showed that the bugle-type jet nozzle exhibited a more prominent abrasive capability. Compared to the cylinder-type nozzle, it was thus more effective in removing the carious dentin which remained in the undercut region of the cavities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Honda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Watson TF, Pilecki P, Cook RJ, Azzopardi A, Paolinelis G, Banerjee A, Thompson I, Boyde A. Operative Dentistry and the Abuse of Dental Hard Tissues: Confocal Microscopical Imaging of Cutting. Oper Dent 2008; 33:215-24. [DOI: 10.2341/07-bl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Collapse
|
19
|
Anyunes LA, Pierro V, Maia LC. Case Report: Air Abrasion Cavity Preparation for Caries Removal in Paediatric Dentistry. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03262603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
20
|
Machado C, Sanchez E, Alapati S, Seghi R, Johnston W. Shear Bond Strength of the Amalgam-Resin Composite Interface. Oper Dent 2007; 32:341-6. [PMID: 17695606 DOI: 10.2341/06-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
On the basis of the results of this in vitro study, resin composite may be an effective way to repair or mask the appearance of amalgams placed in visible areas of the mouth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Machado
- Section of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Silva PCG, Gonçalves M, Nascimento TND, Centola ALB. Effect of air abrasion on tensile bond strength of a single-bottle adhesive/indirect composite system to enamel. Braz Dent J 2007; 18:45-8. [PMID: 17639200 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402007000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficiency of air abrasion alone and associated with phosphoric acid etching on tensile bond strength of a single-bottle adhesive/indirect composite restorative system (Bond 1/Alert) to human enamel. Forty enamel surfaces from extracted human third molars were assigned to 4 groups (n= 10). Mach 4.1 (Kreativ Inc.) air abrasion equipment was used for 20 s. A special system of rod pairs aligned in a specific apparatus was used for tensile strength tests, according to ISO/TR 11405 standard (1994) with some modifications. Bond strength means were: G1 (air abrasion + rinsing + condensable composite resin Alert) = 3.46 ± 0.83 MPa; G2 (air abrasion + rinsing + Bond 1 adhesive system + Alert) = 4.00 ± 1.60 MPa; G3 (air abrasion + rinsing + 37% phosphoric acid + rinsing + Bond 1 + Alert) = 20.80 ± 3.95 MPa; and G4 (37% phosphoric acid + rinsing + Bond 1 + Alert) = 17.00 ± 2.74 MPa. The statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that G1 and G2 presented statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) from G3 and G4 (p<0.01) and G1 and G3 did not differ significantly (p> 0.05) from G2 and G4, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo César G Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São PauloRibeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Scannavino FLF, Santos-Pinto LD, Hernandes AC. Sucção de alta potência no controle das partículas emitidas pelo sistema de abrasão a ar em consultório odontológico. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0303-76572006000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a deposição de óxido de alumínio no campo operatório do cirurgião-dentista durante a utilização do sistema de abrasão a ar em consultório odontológico, bem como a efetividade da sucção de alta potência na captação desse pó. Por meio de um dispositivo para a coleta das partículas nos locais correspondentes às posições e distâncias de trabalho do profissional, dentes artificiais foram abrasionados. O sistema de sucção empregado para aspiração das partículas foi o de alta potência com sugador de saliva convencional e sugador com abertura ampliada por funil. A mensuração das partículas foi determinada pela quantidade em massa de óxido de alumínio depositada em placas de Petri. Os resultados obtidos por meio de estatística descritiva gráfica revelaram que a maior quantidade de pó se encontrava a 20 cm do operador e na posição de trabalho 9h, quando foi utilizado o sugador de saliva convencional. Uma vez comprovado que a sucção não é totalmente eficiente na aspiração do pó de óxido de alumínio, reforça-se a importância da proteção individual apropriada para o emprego seguro do sistema de abrasão a ar para pacientes e, principalmente, para os profissionais que trabalham com este tipo de tecnologia.
Collapse
|
23
|
Arici S, Ozer M, Arici N, Gencer Y. Effects of sandblasting metal bracket base on the bond strength of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2006; 17:253-8. [PMID: 16555117 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-7311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2004] [Accepted: 07/07/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of air abrasion (sandblasting) technology to orthodontics may allow reaching optimum bond strength between the metal bracket and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. This study examined the effects of sandblasting metal bracket bases on the in vitro tensile bond strength of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Two-hundred foil-mesh based brackets were divided into ten groups and combinations of three sizes of aluminum oxide powder (25, 50 and 110 microm) and three sandblasting times (3, 6 and 9 seconds) were tested. One group was not sandblasted and used as control. Analysis of variance showed that bond strength was significantly affected by the sandblasting time (p < 0.001) and size of the aluminum oxide powder (p < 0.001). Only the group (SO(25)) sandblasted with 25 microm aluminum oxide powder for 3 seconds yielded higher mean bond strength than that of the control group. The bond strength values were also analyzed using a Weibull analysis, which showed the most favorable size (25 microm) and time combination (3 seconds), and the 5% and 90% probabilities of failures. This study suggests that sandblasting time and particle size have and important effect on the bond between the metal bracket and resin-modified glass ionomer cement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Arici
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Leite FRM, Capote TSDO, Zuanon ACC. Application of the total etching technique or self-etching primers on primary teeth after air abrasion. Braz Oral Res 2005; 19:198-202. [PMID: 16308608 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242005000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the use of air abrasion has grown in pediatric dentistry, the aim of this study was to evaluate, by means of shear bond strength testing, the need to use the total etching technique or self-etching primers on dentin of primary teeth after air abrasion. Twenty-five exfoliated primary molars had their occlusal dentin exposed by trimming and polishing. Specimens were treated by: Air abrasion + Scotchbond MultiPurpose adhesive (G1); 37% phosphoric acid + Scotchbond MP adhesive (G2); Clearfil SE (G3); Air abrasion + 37% phosphoric acid + Scotchbond MP adhesive (G4); Air abrasion + Clearfil SE (G5). On the treated surface, a cylinder of 2 mm by 6 mm was made using a composite resin (Z100). Duncan's test showed that: (G2 = G3 = G5) > (G1 = G4). The use of a self-etching primer on air abraded dentin is recommended to obtain higher bond strengths.
Collapse
|
25
|
Brosh T, Strouthou S, Sarne O. Effects of buccal versus lingual surfaces, enamel conditioning procedures and storage duration on brackets debonding characteristics. J Dent 2005; 33:99-105. [PMID: 15683890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2004.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Revised: 07/28/2004] [Accepted: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the influence of two enamel conditioning techniques on buccal and lingual tooth surfaces at two different times on debonding strength and tooth damage. METHODS The study included 50 premolars. Buccal and lingual surfaces of 10 teeth were scanned using SEM before (N=4) and after enamel conditioning by either acid etching or sandblasting prior to acid etching (N=6) for their morphology. The remaining 40 teeth were divided into 2 equal groups, differing in enamel conditioning prior to metallic bracket bonding on the buccal and lingual surfaces. Each group was equally subdivided into short-term (48h) or long-term (12m) water storage. Debonding strength was measured followed by SEM and EDAX for adhesive remnant index (ARI) and calcium remnant index (CRI) left on bracket bases. ANOVA with repeated measures was applied to the results. RESULTS The buccal enamel was rougher than the lingual one. The surface morphology after the two types of conditioning showed a different pattern. A significantly higher debonding strength was needed to debond the buccal brackets compared to the lingual ones (p<0.05). A significantly higher ARI (p<0.002) and higher CRI (p<0.005) were found in the lingual surface compared with the buccal. No differences were found in debonding strength ARI or CRI regarding the different conditioning or storage duration. CONCLUSIONS Lingual bonding leads to higher ARI and CRI than buccal bonding. Sandblasting prior to etching does not improve bonding strength for lingual or buccal bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Brosh
- Department of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger, School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mujdeci A, Gokay O. The effect of airborne-particle abrasion on the shear bond strength of four restorative materials to enamel and dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2004; 92:245-9. [PMID: 15343159 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The role of airborne-particle abrasion on the bond strength of restorative materials to enamel and dentin is controversial. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of airborne-particle abrasion on the shear bond strengths of 4 restorative materials to enamel and dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred twelve extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were divided into 2 groups of 56 teeth each. In the first group flat enamel surfaces were prepared, and in the second flat dentin surfaces were prepared. Half the teeth in each group (n=28) were airborne-particle abraded. The remaining 28 teeth in each group were prepared with silicone carbide paper (control). Specimens in both groups were divided into 4 subgroups (n=7). A composite, a compomer, a resin-modified glass ionomer cement, and a conventional glass ionomer cement were applied to enamel and dentin surfaces (3 mm diameter and 4 mm height). After 24 hours of storage in water, specimens were subjected to shear forces in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Shear bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (alpha=.05). RESULTS Airborne-particle-abraded specimens showed significantly higher shear bond strengths than control specimens. The 2-way interaction between tooth structure and restorative materials was significant. CONCLUSION The use of airborne-particle abrasion increased the shear bond strength of restorative materials tested to enamel and dentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Mujdeci
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bulut G, Zekioglu O, Eronat C, Bulut H. Effect of Carisolv on the human dental pulp: a histological study. J Dent 2004; 32:309-14. [PMID: 15053914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2004.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Revised: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 01/12/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate histopathologically after 1 week and 1 month the effect of Carisolv on exposed human pulp after a contact period of 10 min in comparison to sterile saline solution. METHODS Class V cavities were prepared in 40 human first premolars, and the pulp chambers were perforated. The pulp tissue was either exposed to Carisolv or sterile saline solution for 10 min, covered with Teflon and restored with compomer filling material. After observation periods of 1 week and 1 month, the teeth were extracted and examined by light microscopy. RESULTS Histological evaluation revealed similar pulpal response which consisted of a slight inflammation in both groups after 1 week. The only difference was localized haemorrhage in controls while no haemorrhage was observed in the test group which may show the haemostatic effect of Carisolv. After 1 month the test teeth displayed a very mild inflammation adjacent to the perforation area while haemorrhage disappeared in the controls. In general, pulps showed structural integrity in both groups. Statistical analysis showed no difference between the test and the control groups in both test periods. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that Carisolv is biocompatible with human pulp tissue and may have a haemostatic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Bulut
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cehreli ZC, Yazici AR, Akca T, Ozgünaltay G. A morphological and micro-tensile bond strength evaluation of a single-bottle adhesive to caries-affected human dentine after four different caries removal techniques. J Dent 2003; 31:429-35. [PMID: 12878026 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(03)00011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the influence of different caries removal techniques (conventional bur; chemomechanical removal/Carisolv()-MediTeam; a sonic preparation system/SonicsysMicro-Kavo and air abrasion/PrepStar-Danville Engineering) on microtensile bond strength to caries-affected human dentine. METHODS Occlusal surfaces of extracted human permanent third molars with coronal dentine caries extending approximately halfway through the dentine was ground perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth to expose a flat surface of normal dentine surrounding the carious lesion with laser fluorescence values of approximately 30 (DIAGNODent), KaVo). Carious lesions were excavated with one of the four techniques until laser fluorescence values decreased to 15 in the center of the lesions. An ethanol-based dentine adhesive (Single Bond, 3M) was used to bond composite resin (P60, 3M) to the substrate. Vertical slices (n=11/group), approximately 0.8 mm thick were made through the caries-affected portions of each tooth, perpendicular to the bonding surface. Specimens were subjected to tensile stress at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. SEM investigation was performed for the qualitative evaluation of resin-dentine hybridization. RESULTS The microtensile bond strengths were as follows (mean+/-SD in MPa): 6.4+/-5.3 (bur), 8.4+/-3.3 (Carisolv), 8.5+/-5.9 (Sonicsys Micro), and 8.8+/-8.8 (air abrasion). Statistical analysis did not show significant differences between any of the treatment modalities (p=0.160). Tensile fracture was cohesive within caries-affected dentine in all specimens. CONCLUSIONS The four different caries removal techniques used within this study did not influence the bond strength of the tested dentine adhesive to caries-affected human dentine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer C Cehreli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sharma-Sayal SK, Rossouw PE, Kulkarni GV, Titley KC. The influence of orthodontic bracket base design on shear bond strength. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 124:74-82. [PMID: 12867901 DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(03)00311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many bracket base designs and adhesive materials are in clinical use today. Bases have evolved from perforated metal bases to the present foil mesh bases, and treatments range from none, to spraying metal alloy onto the base, to the most common treatment of microetching. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of orthodontic bracket base design on mean shear bond strength 1 hour or 24 hours after bonding. For each time group, 12 specimens of 6 types of metal brackets were bonded to bovine incisors with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) light-cured composite resin. Brackets were debonded 1 hour or 24 hours later, and the shear bond strength was recorded. Six debonded brackets of each type from each time group were selected at random and sandblasted. All the teeth were cleaned, and half were rebonded with used brackets, and half were rebonded with new brackets. Bond strength was measured again, 1 hour or 24 hours later. Representative specimens were inspected under the scanning electron microscope. Bracket base design significantly affected mean shear bond strength. Speed (60-gauge, microetched foil-mesh base; Strite Industries, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada) had the highest bond strength at 1 hour; followed by Time (machined, integral, microetched base with mechanical undercuts; American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wis); American Master Series (80-gauge foil-mesh base; American Orthodontics); Ovation Roth (80-gauge layered onto 150-gauge, microetched foil-mesh base; GAC, Central Islip, NY); Orthos Optimesh XRT (100-gauge microetched foil-mesh base; Ormco, Orange, Calif); and, finally, the nickel-free brackets (injection molded, 100-gauge, microetched, foil-mesh base; World Class Technology, McMinnville, Ore). The 24-hour results were similar except that Time had the highest mean shear bond strength (ANOVA, P <.05). Chairside sandblasting significantly affected the 1-hour, but not the 24-hour, mean shear bond strengths (ANOVA, P <.05). Sandblasting appears to be an effective method of cleaning bracket bases before rebonding.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gonçalves M, Corona SAM, Pécora JD, Dibb RGP. Influence of the frequency of Er:YAG laser on the bond strength of dental enamel. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LASER MEDICINE & SURGERY 2003; 21:105-8. [PMID: 12737651 DOI: 10.1089/104454703765035538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study had the aim of evaluating the influence of different frequencies of the Er:YAG laser on adhesive resistance of enamel and one restorative system. BACKGROUND DATA There have been no reports of studies assessing the influence of the pulse frequency variation of the Er:YAG laser on adhesive resistance of the enamel/resin interface. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty surfaces of enamel from extracted human third molars were planed and divided into five groups at random. Enamel surface treatment was realized by the Er:YAG laser at 80-mJ power and 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-Hz pulse frequencies, followed by etching. For the control group, only acid conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 sec was used. The Single Bond/Filtek Z250 system was chosen for the fabrication of the specimens, which were stored in 100% relative humidity for 24 h, at 37 degrees C. The specimens were submitted to tensile resistance tests using a Universal Testing Machine (50 Kgf and 0.5 mm/min). RESULTS The mean values in MPa were 1 Hz, 25.58 (+/-6.16); 2 Hz, 25.58 (+/-3.79); 3 Hz, 21.34 (+/-3.78); 4 Hz, 21.17 (+/-3.13); and phosphoric acid only, 22.44 (+/-7.0). Data were submitted to statistical analysis using ANOVA, and there was no significant difference in tensile resistance between the studied groups. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the Er:YAG laser, with 80-mJ power associated with acid conditioning at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-Hz frequencies, did not present significant improvement in tensile bonding of enamel, as compared to acid conditioning only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Gonçalves
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lambrechts P, Mattar D, De Munck J, Bergmans L, Peumans M, Vanherle G, Van Meerbeek B. Air-abrasion enamel microsurgery to treat enamel white spot lesions of traumatic origin. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2002; 14:167-87. [PMID: 12132571 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2002.tb00517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Gonćalves M, Corona SAM, Borsatto MC, Silva PCG, Pécora JD. Tensile bond strength of dentin-resinous system interfaces conditioned with Er:YAG laser irradiation. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LASER MEDICINE & SURGERY 2002; 20:89-93. [PMID: 12017433 DOI: 10.1089/104454702753768070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to assess tensile bond strength of dentin-resinous system interfaces conditioned with Er:YAG laser irradiation. BACKGROUND DATA There are different results reported in the literature which relate to laser Er:YAG effects on dentin surface as a pretreatment during adhesives procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two surfaces of human dentin from third upper molar were used after being extracted and kept in the refrigerator in 0.5% chloramines aqueous solution and then divided into three experimental groups and three control groups. The chosen restorative systems were Alert (Jeneric/Penton), Prodigy (Kerr Co.), and Z-100 (3M Co.), with correspondent dental adhesives Bond 1, Optibond Solo, and Single Bond, respectively. To conduct tensile tests, a special system of pairs of rods aligned in a specific apparatus was used, in accordance with ISO/TR 11405 standard (1994). RESULTS By means of statistical analysis, the Kruskal Wallis test, it was noticed that group IE (laser + acid + Alert), 18.89 MPa, differed considerably from group IC (acid + Alert), 8.03 MPa (p < 0.10), but did not differ from the other groups. Group IIC (acid + Prodigy), 19.88 MPa, differed from group IIE (laser + acid + Prodigy), 12.57 MPa (p < 0.05), but did not differ from groups IIIE (laser + acid + Z-100), 14.11 MPa, and IIIC (acid + Z-100), 19.58 MPa. Group IIIE did not differ statistically from group IIIC. CONCLUSION It was concluded that previous Er:YAG laser treatment on the dentinal structure only improved the tensile bond resistance of the Alert restorative system.
Collapse
|
33
|
Altshuler GB, Belikov AV, Sinelnik YA. A laser-abrasive method for the cutting of enamel and dentin. Lasers Surg Med 2001; 28:435-44. [PMID: 11413555 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This paper introduced a new method for the removal of hard dental tissue based upon the use of particles accelerated by laser irradiation, which the authors have called the laser-abrasive method. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS The particles used were sapphire as powder or an aqueous suspension. The effect of the products of enamel ablation was also investigated. The particles were accelerated using submillisecond pulses of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers. A strobing CCD camera was used to measure the speed of the ejected particles. The additional contribution of these particles to the efficiency of laser ablation of enamel and dentin was also investigated. RESULTS The results showed that the enamel particles produced by the beam-tissue interaction were also accelerated by this process of ablation and were effective in the removal of enamel and dentin. The use of an aqueous suspension of sapphire particles increased the efficiency of enamel removal threefold when compared with the use of an Er:YAG laser with water spray. CONCLUSIONS The laser-abrasive method allowed for the removal of enamel and dentin at speeds approaching those of the high-speed turbine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G B Altshuler
- Institute of Fine Mechanics and Optics, Department of Quantum Electronics and Bio-Medical Optics, 14 Sablinskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Borsatto MC, Corona SA, Dibb RG, Ramos RP, Pécora JD. Microleakage of a resin sealant after acid-etching, Er:YAG laser irradiation and air-abrasion of pits and fissures. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LASER MEDICINE & SURGERY 2001; 19:83-7. [PMID: 11443794 DOI: 10.1089/104454701750285403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to assess microleakage underneath a filled pit-and-fissure sealant bonded to occlusal surfaces treated by four enamel etching techniques. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA There has been no report of a study assessing microleakage of a pit-and-fissure sealant, comparing acid-etching, Er:YAG laser and air-abrasion for treating enamel surface. METHODS Forty extracted human third molars were selected and randomly assigned into four groups of ten teeth: group I, the occlusal surfaces were acid-etched; group II, a very short pulsed Er:YAG laser was used to treat the surfaces; group III, aluminum oxide air-abrasion was associated with acid-etching; group IV, Er:YAG laser was associated with acid-conditioning. The surfaces were sealed and the teeth were stored for 7 days in distilled water. Then, specimens were thermocycled, immersed in a 0.2% rhodamine solution, sectioned, and analyzed for leakage using an optical microscope connected to a video camera. The images were digitized and analyzed by software that allowed microleakage assessment in millimeters. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that occlusal surfaces treated exclusively by the Er:YAG laser (group II) provided the poorest marginal sealing and that acid-etching (group I) was statistically similar to aluminum oxide air-abrasion + acid etching (group III) and to Er:YAG laser + acid-etching (group IV). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that complementing either air-abrasion or Er:YAG laser irradiation with a subsequent acid-conditioning did not lessen microleakage at the enamel-sealant interface when compared with an acid-etched group. It was also observed that treating the enamel surface exclusively by Er:YAG laser resulted in the highest degree of leakage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Borsatto
- Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Fu B, Hannig M. Effects of air abrasion and acid etching on the microleakage of preventive Class I resin restorations: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ESTHETIC DENTISTRY 2000; 11:143-8. [PMID: 10825871 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.1999.tb00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of air abrasion, acid etching, and the combination of both procedures on the microleakage of preventive Class I resin restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four extracted human molar teeth were randomly assigned to seven groups with 12 teeth each. Occlusal fissures were opened with a diamond bur and etched with phosphoric acid (groups I and VI); prepared with a diamond bur without etching (group VII); air abraded with the KCP 1000, using 50-micron aluminum oxide particles without etching (group II), and with phosphoric acid etching (group III); or air abraded with 27-micron aluminum oxide particles without etching (group IV), and with phosphoric acid etching (group V). Preparations were filled with a low-viscosity resin composite (Liquicoat, groups I to V) or with a low-viscosity polyacid-modified resin composite (PrimaFlow, groups VI and VII). Six teeth in each group were thermocycled (5 degrees-55 degrees C, 2500 cycles). Dye penetration (methylene blue) was evaluated in ordinal scale. RESULTS The number of non-thermocycled and thermocycled specimens revealing no microleakage was as follows: group I, 6 and 1; group II, 2 and 2; group III, 4 and 3; group IV, 0 and 0; group V, 1 and 0; group VI, 3 and 2; and group VII, 0 and 0, respectively. No significant differences existed between the thermocycled specimens and non-thermocycled specimens, except within group I. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Results indicated that (1) air-abrasion treatment with 27-micron particles is less effective in preventing microleakage compared to 50-micron particles, (2) air abrasion should be combined with acid etching to reduce microleakage of preventive Class I resin restorations, and (3) acid etching significantly reduces microleakage of the low-viscosity polyacid-modified resin composite in preventive Class I restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Fu
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Banerjee A, Watson TF, Kidd EA. Dentine caries excavation: a review of current clinical techniques. Br Dent J 2000; 188:476-82. [PMID: 10859846 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Since the invention and application of rotary instruments, the operative treatment of carious lesions has often resulted in considerable removal of tooth structure. More recently, newer techniques for removal of carious dentine have been developed in an attempt to minimise this excessive tissue loss. The following article reviews and discusses some of the techniques available to excavate demineralised dentine clinically. These methods can be classified as mechanical and non-mechanical, rotary and non-rotary and include: dental handpieces/burs, manual excavators, air-abrasion, air-polishing, ultrasonication, sono-abrasion, chemo-mechanical methods, lasers and enzymes. The advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Banerjee
- Division of Conservative Dentistry, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, KCL, London.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Banerjee A, Kidd EA, Watson TF. Scanning electron microscopic observations of human dentine after mechanical caries excavation. J Dent 2000; 28:179-86. [PMID: 10709339 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(99)00064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The structural integrity and surface characteristics of dentine remaining after caries excavation may be relevant to the subsequent bonding of adhesive restorative materials to the prepared cavity. This in vitro investigation aimed to analyse the different surface characteristics of the dentine cavity floor created after preparation using five different mechanical and chemo-mechanical methods of excavation: hand excavation, slow-speed bur, sono-abrasion, air-abrasion and Carisolv gel. METHODS Ten cavities were prepared using each excavation method in extracted teeth with occlusal carious lesions. Epoxy resin replicas of the 50 cavities were manufactured from silicone impressions and then analysed using secondary electron scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to ascertain the surface characteristics of the dentine at the cavity floor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Results from the 50 cavities examined suggested that each alternative excavation technique produced a different and characteristic dentine surface. Carisolv gel was the only method examined that consistently removed the smear layer during excavation to leave exposed dentine tubules at the end of cavity preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Banerjee
- Division of Conservative Dentistry, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Dental Institute, Guy's Dental Hospital, London, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Canay S, Kocadereli I, Ak"ca E. The effect of enamel air abrasion on the retention of bonded metallic orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2000; 117:15-9. [PMID: 10629515 DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(00)70243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the conventional acid-etch technique with an air abrasion surface preparation technique. Eighty freshly extracted noncarious human premolar teeth were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: (1) acid etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds (Express Dental Products, Toronto, Canada), (2) sandblasted with 50 mu aluminum oxide by a microetcher (Danville Engineering Inc, Danville, Calif), (3) polished with pumice followed by acid etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, (4) sandblasted with 50 mu aluminum oxide by a microetcher followed by acid etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds. All the groups had stainless steel brackets (Dentaurum, Standard Edgewise) bonded to the buccal surface of each tooth with no-mix adhesive (Express Dental Products, Toronto, Canada). A Lloyd testing machine (Lloyd Instrument LR 30K; Segensworth West, Foreham, UK) was used to determine tensile bond strengths at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/sec. The mean bond strength values of these are as follows: the only sandblasted group was 38.05 +/- 9.93 N; the only acid-etched group was 62.72 +/- 11.44 N; the group that was polished with pumice followed by acid etched was 69.78 +/- 14.87 N; and the group that was sandblasted followed by acid etched was 89.31 +/- 13. 34 N. The statistical analysis was done by an analysis of variance and Scheff¿e test. The sandblasting followed by acid etching group had significantly higher bond strength values when compared to the other 3 groups. This study showed that sandblasting should be followed by acid etching to produce enamel surfaces with comparable bond strength. The current findings indicate that enamel surface preparation using sandblasting with a microetcher alone results in a significantly lower bond strength and should not be advocated for clinical use as an enamel conditioner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Canay
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Banerjee A, Sherriff M, Kidd EA, Watson TF. A confocal microscopic study relating the autofluorescence of carious dentine to its microhardness. Br Dent J 1999; 187:206-10. [PMID: 10513114 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4800241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An in-vitro study to examine the correlation between the distribution of the autofluorescent signal emitted from carious dentine (detected using confocal laser scanning microscopy) and its microhardness, within the depths of human dentine lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve carious teeth were sectioned longitudinally, the cut faces marked with a grid reference line system and colour photomicrographs taken. The same samples were imaged using confocal laser-scanning microscopy for autofluorescence and then subjected to microhardness testing using a Knoop microhardness indenter. Adjacent sound dentine was used as a control reference. Digital image superimposition allowed direct comparisons to be made between the colour, autofluorescence and microhardness of each lesion. RESULTS Sound enamel and dentine did not autofluorescence. Autofluorescence distribution from carious dentine correlated with the highly softened tissue (detected using the Knoop indenter) and terminated at a level superficial to the translucent zone. This zone was still pigmented. Normal, sound dentine hardness levels were found deep to the translucent zone. CONCLUSIONS A correlation existed between the zone of autofluorescence and carious dentine that was markedly softened by the carious process. These findings highlighted a possibility that the autofluorescence might be used as an in-vitro, objective histological marker for the softened, carious dentine requiring clinical excavation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Banerjee
- Division of Conservative Dentistry, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Dental Institute, Guy's Hospital, London
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wright GZ, Hatibovic-Kofman S, Millenaar DW, Braverman I. The safety and efficacy of treatment with air abrasion technology. Int J Paediatr Dent 1999; 9:133-40. [PMID: 10530224 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-263x.1999.00103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate patient and operator exposure to respirable particulates following the use of air abrasion in tooth preparation, and to compare the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants after conventional, bur and air abrasion preparation of the pits and fissures. METHODS To examine air abrasion safety, sampling data were collected using a physical model of the upper torso of a patient. Previously extracted bovine incisors were prepared using an air abrasion instrument. Patient and operator exposure samples were collected. The variables examined included the size of the alumina oxide particles, the speed of particle delivery and the method of dust collection. To assess the efficacy of air abrasion, 36 extracted human molars were divided into three groups. The groups were prepared by conventional acid etching, opening the pits and fissures with a round bur, or by air abrasion. To simulate oral conditions, sealed teeth were immersed in artificial saliva and thermocycled. Teeth were immersed in a 1% solution of methylene blue and sectioned to assess the microleakage associated with each sealant. CONCLUSIONS (1) Dust from the KCP 1000 is insufficient to be a health hazard to patients or operators, (2) chair-side suction can be used as an alternative to the KCP 1000 suction, (3) superior sealants were obtained when tooth surfaces were prepared by a bur, compared to air abrasion and conventionally prepared surfaces, and (4) air abrasion tooth surfaces demonstrated less microleakage than conventionally prepared tooth surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Z Wright
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sonis AL. Air abrasion of failed bonded metal brackets: a study of shear bond strength and surface characteristics as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1996; 110:96-8. [PMID: 8686686 DOI: 10.1016/s0889-5406(96)70094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Failed bonded orthodontic brackets generally require their replacement with a new bracket. The introduction of air abrasion (microetching) technology to orthodontics may allow for immediate use of these failed brackets. This study compared the in vitro shear bond strengths of previously failed bonded metal brackets (experimental group) subjected to air abrasion with new untreated brackets (control group). All bonding used a light-cured orthodontic bonding system. In addition, representative samples from each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results of this study found no significant differences in shear bond strengths between the two groups. Scanning electron microscopy examination of the air abraded brackets revealed a roughened mesh surface with residual bonded material in the bracket base. This simple technique should allow for the immediate reuse of previously failed bonded metal brackets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A L Sonis
- Dental Department, The Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
White SN, Yu Z, Zhao XY. High-energy abrasion: an innovative esthetic modality to enhance adhesion. JOURNAL OF ESTHETIC DENTISTRY 1994; 6:267-73. [PMID: 8593223 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.1994.tb00868.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S N White
- Department of Restorative Dentistry/Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-0641, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|