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Tiron B, Forna NC, Tărăboanță I, Stoleriu S, Topoliceanu C, Sălceanu M, Brânzan R, Iovan G. The Evaluation of the Cervical Marginal Sealing of Direct vs. Indirect Composite Resin Restorations in MOD Cavities. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:92. [PMID: 38668004 PMCID: PMC11048988 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the quality of marginal sealing at the cervical margins of indirect and direct composite resin restorations in mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavities. MATERIAL AND METHOD MOD preparations were performed on 30 extracted teeth. The mesial cervical margin of each tooth was relocated using a flow composite resin (Enamel Plus HRi Flow, Micerium, Avegno, GE, Italy), then the samples were divided into three groups. In group A, the cavities were directly restored using a nanohybrid composite resin (Miris 2 Coltène Whaledent, Altstaetten, Switzerland) and a universal adhesive (ScotchBond Universal, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) by the etch-and-rinse strategy, for group B, the restoration procedure was similar but the self-etch strategy was used, and the samples in group C were filled using the inlay technique. Each sample was stored for 48 h in a 2% methylene blue solution, then it was cut in a mesio-distal direction using a Struers Secotom 50 device (Cleveland, OH, USA). The marginal sealing and adhesive interface were assessed for each sample at the cervical margin by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Significant differences were recorded within groups A and C, between mesial and distal margins (p = 0.02 in group A and p = 0.043 in group C). CONCLUSIONS The marginal sealing is more effective in MOD inlay restoration compared to direct restorations. Relocation of the cervical margin with flow composite resin and the use of different adhesive strategies do not improve the marginal sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norina Consuela Forna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionuț Tărăboanță
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Çoban Öksüzer M, Şanal Çıkman A. Evaluation of Fracture Strength after Repair of Cervical External Resorption Cavities with Different Materials. J Endod 2024; 50:85-95. [PMID: 37879603 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim was to evaluate the stress distributions on dentin and repair materials caused by static force applied to teeth, with cervical external root resorption (CER) after repair with different materials using finite element analysis. METHODS This study was performed with the 3-dimensional finite element analysis method. Access cavity, root canal cavity dimensions, and supporting tissues other than cementum were modeled in the maxillary central tooth. The CER cavity was created on the labial side of the tooth model. The coronal side of the resorption cavity was restored with composite, and the radicular side with different materials (MTA, Biodentine, BioAggregate, calcium-enriched cement [CEM], glass ionomer cement [GIC], and resin-modified glass ionomer cement [RMGIC]). A static force of 300 N was applied to the palatal surface of the crown at an angle of 135° to the long axis of the tooth. The stress distributions in dentin and repair materials were analyzed. RESULTS The highest stress in dentin was seen in the fFigmodel with unrepaired CER. In the models repaired with MTA, GIC, and RMGIC, von Mises stress values in dentin were greater than for repairs with Biodentine, BioAggregate, and CEM materials. The von Mises stress on the repair materials applied to the root were highest for the BioAggregate material. This was followed by CEM, Biodentine, MTA, RMGIC, and GIC materials, respectively. CONCLUSION The repair of CER in the tooth significantly decreased the stress values in dentin. Biodentine, BioAggregate, and CEM absorbed more force and caused less stress to be transmitted to dentin compared to MTA, GIC, and RMGIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Çoban Öksüzer
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Türkiye.
| | - Ahter Şanal Çıkman
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Türkiye
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Loguercio AD, Ñaupari-Villasante R, Gutierrez MF, Gonzalez MI, Reis A, Heintze SD. 5-year clinical performance of posterior bulk-filled resin composite restorations: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Dent Mater 2023; 39:1159-1168. [PMID: 37839995 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this double-blind, and randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the 5-year clinical performance of posterior resin composite restorations placed with the incremental filling technique [IF] or the bulk-fill technique [BF]. Two different adhesive systems were used: etch-&-rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE). METHODS Posterior dental teeth of 72 participants (n = 236), with a cavity depth of at least 3 mm, were randomly divided into four groups. Restorations were applied with either Tetric N-Bond or Tetric N-Bond SE. The composite resin Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill was placed either with IF or BF. Restorations were evaluated using FDI criteria at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed rank test (a=0.05). RESULTS Two hundred and four restorations were evaluated after 5 years. Eleven restorations were considered 'failed', ten due to fracture (4 IF and 6 BF) and one due to secondary caries (IF). The annual failure rate was 1.2% for BF and 1% for IF (p = 0.35). When comparing BF and IF, no significant differences were found for any of the parameters evaluated (p > 0.05). Regarding the adhesive systems, 44 and 51 restorations showed minor problems in terms of marginal adaptation and staining, with significantly more marginal discoloration when the self-etch adhesive was used (p = 0.002). SIGNIFICANCE The bulk-fill restorative technique showed good clinical behavior compared to the incremental filling technique, especially when using an etch-&-rinse adhesive, after 5 years of clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Mario F Gutierrez
- Universidad de los Andes, Chile, Facultad de Odontologia, Chile; University of Chile, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chile
| | | | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Demirel MG, Mohammadi R, Keçeci M. Crack Propagation and Fatigue Performance of Partial Posterior Indirect Restorations: An Extended Finite Element Method Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:484. [PMID: 37754898 PMCID: PMC10532640 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental ceramics are susceptible to slow, progressive crack growth after cyclic loading. The purpose of this study was to investigate the progressive patterns of cracks in two different types of CAD/CAM ceramic materials used with three different partial posterior indirect restoration (PPIR) designs and to determine the materials' failure risk using a fatigue test. Standard initial cracks were formed in Standard Tessellation Language (STL) files prepared for three different PPIRs. The materials chosen were monolithic lithium disilicate (LS) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (PICNs). The extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied, and the fatigue performance was examined by applying a 600 N axial load. The cracks propagated the most in onlay restorations, where the highest displacement was observed. In contrast, the most successful results were observed in overlay restorations. Overlay restorations also showed better fatigue performance. LS materials exhibited more successful results than PICN materials. LS materials, which can be used in PPIRs, yield better results compared to PICN materials. While inlay restorations demonstrated relatively successful results, overlay and onlay restorations can be specified as the most and the least successful PPIR types, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey;
| | - Murat Keçeci
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University, Karaman 70000, Turkey;
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Di Fiore A, Zuccon A, Carraro F, Basilicata M, Bollero P, Bruno G, Stellini E. Assessment Methods for Marginal and Internal Fit of Partial Crown Restorations: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5048. [PMID: 37568450 PMCID: PMC10419640 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different methods are used for the analysis of marginal and internal fit of partial crowns, but not all of them are applicable for in vivo studies. The aim of this review is to search the available methods, described in the current literature, to assess marginal and internal fit in partial crowns. METHODS an electronic search was performed on Pubmed and Web of Science databases to find studies published from 1 January 2017 up to 2 March 2023, following PRISMA guidelines and Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews. The search strategy applied was: "(marginal) AND (fit OR gap OR adaptation OR discrepancy) AND (inlay OR onlay OR partial crown)". In vitro studies which evaluated marginal and internal fit on CAD CAM or 3D printed partial crowns were included in this review. Quality of the studies was assessed by using Quality Assessment Tool For In Vitro Studies (QUIN tool). RESULTS 22 studies were included. Among conventional methods, direct view with microscope, indirect view on resin replicas, and silicone replica technique (SRT) were used. Considering new digital methods, micro-CT, SRT 3D and triple scan technique (TST) were applied. CONCLUSIONS Among 2D methods, direct view technique is the most used marginal fit analysis. For a more comprehensive evaluation, a 3D digital analysis is suggested. SRT and indirect view are the only 2D methods available for in vivo analysis. A protocol for the application of TST for assessment in vivo is now available, but no studies are reported in literature yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Di Fiore
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Prosthetic and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Andrea Zuccon
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Prosthetic and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Filippo Carraro
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Prosthetic and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Michele Basilicata
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Patrizio Bollero
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy; (M.B.); (P.B.)
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Prosthetic and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Prosthetic and Digital Dentistry, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (G.B.); (E.S.)
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Nagarkar S, Loguercio AD, Perdigão J. Evidence-based fact checking for selective procedures in restorative dentistry. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:475-488. [PMID: 36607490 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Similar to other dental specialties, there are many clinical procedures in restorative dentistry that may or may not be supported by good evidence. Thus, the effectiveness of these procedures is uncertain. The aim of this paper is to reduce this knowledge gap by critically inspecting selective procedures in restorative dentistry and exploring if these well-established or widely advocated treatment modalities are necessary for improving treatment outcomes based on the best available evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify research on selective procedures while focusing on clinical trials and systematic reviews. Due to their practical relevance in the decision-making process, cost-effectiveness analyses were also included. RESULTS Mixed results were identified regarding the included interventions. Some procedures had adequate evidence supporting them while others were mostly based on beliefs. CONCLUSIONS A critical review of the available literature indicates that some common restorative procedures lack adequate support from high-quality research evidence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This paper attempts to highlight the need to critically examine the scientific validity of traditional knowledge and techniques through the context of current research evidence. This will not only help generate consensus between educators, clinicians, and researchers regarding restorative procedures but will also lead to improved patient care and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Nagarkar
- Park Dental Group, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jorge Perdigão
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, 515 SE Delaware St, 8-450 Moos Tower, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Yun J, Burrow MF, Matinlinna JP, Wang Y, Tsoi JKH. A Narrative Review of Bioactive Glass-Loaded Dental Resin Composites. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040208. [PMID: 36412849 PMCID: PMC9680275 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the characterizations of bioactive glass (BAG)-loaded dental resin-based composite materials. Online databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct) were used to collect data published from January 2011 to January 2022. Only BAG-containing resin adhesive and resin restorative composites are discussed in this narrative review. BAG-loaded resin composites exhibit excellent mineralization ability reflecting enhanced ion release, pH elevation, and apatite formation, especially regarding high BAG loading. This aids the anti-demineralization and remineralization of teeth. Furthermore, BAG-loaded resin composites demonstrated in vitro biocompatibility and antibacterial performance. It has been suggested that BAG fillers with small particle sizes and no more than 20 wt% in terms of loading amount should be used to guarantee the appropriate mechanical properties of resin composites. However, most of these studies focused on one or some aspects using different resin systems, BAG types, and BAG amounts. As such, this makes the comparison difficult, and it is essential to find an optimal balance between different properties. BAG-loaded resin composites can be regarded as bioactive materials, which present major benefits in dentistry, especially their capability in the bacterial inhibition, cell biocompatibility, anti-demineralization, and remineralization of teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yun
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Prosthodontics, Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jukka Pekka Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - James Kit Hon Tsoi
- Dental Materials Science, Division of Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-28590515
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Rajnekar R, Mankar N, Nikhade P, Chandak M, Ikhar A, Burde K. Clinical Efficacy of Two Different Desensitizers in Reducing Postoperative Sensitivity Following Composite Restorations. Cureus 2022; 14:e25977. [PMID: 35859967 PMCID: PMC9287591 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective is to evaluate the efficacy of different desensitizing agents in the reduction of postoperative sensitivity after composite restoration. Materials and methods: Class I cavities were prepared in 39 patients by the same operator. The patients included in the study were between 20 and 45 years with vital pulp and a remaining dentin thickness of 1mm. Previously restored, nonvital and tooth with periodical changes were excluded. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups of 13 each - Group I (Control); Group II (Gluma desensitizer) and Group III (shield active desensitizer [SAD]). After the surface treatment, the teeth were restored with composite. The patients were assessed for postoperative sensitivity at 24 hours and one week with a visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS v23 software. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Gluma and SAD on comparison with control group i.e. composite group showed statistical significance difference at day 1 (P-value 0.003), but on comparing the sensitivity after one week, there is no significant difference in sensitivity score between all three groups (P-value 0.073). There was no statistically significant difference between day 1 and one week when comparing Gluma desensitizer and SAD. Conclusion: The application of the desensitizer led to a statistically significant reduction in postoperative sensitivity on day 1 and a clinically significant reduction was observed at one week.
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Bijelic-Donova J, Garoushi S, Lassila LV, Rocca GT, Vallittu PK. Crack propagation and toughening mechanism of bilayered short-fiber reinforced resin composite structure -Evaluation up to six months storage in water. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:580-588. [PMID: 35584936 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinically relevant parameters, such as stress intensity factor of bilayered resin composite structure with short fiber base and its stability over time, has yet to be investigated. This study investigated the stress intensity factor of pre-cracked bilayered specimens composed of short fiber resin composite base (SFC) and particulate filler resin composite (PFC) as veneering layer, with a crack located in the PFC layer, 0.5 mm away from the PFC-SFC interface. Monolayered specimens served as controls. All specimens were stored in water at 37°C either for 1 week, 1 month or 6 months before testing. Two-way ANOVA (p=0.05) was used to determine the differences among the groups. Results indicated that SFC base improve the brittleness of the PFC. The type of short fibers affected the crack propagation; fiber bridging in millimeter-scale SFC was the main crack arresting mechanism, whereas fiber pulling observed in micrometer-scale SFC mainly deviated the crack path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Bijelic-Donova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Sufyan Garoushi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Lippo Vj Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | | | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku.,City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care
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Sfeikos T, Dionysopoulos D, Kouros P, Naka O, Tolidis K. Effect of a fiber-reinforcing technique for direct composite restorations of structurally compromised teeth on marginal microleakage. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:650-660. [PMID: 35233926 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if the marginal microleakage of extensive Class I composite resin restorations can be affected by applying ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers with the wallpapering technique combined with different restorative materials and methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 120 human molars were selected and one extensive Class I cavity was prepared on the occlusal surface of each tooth. The specimens were divided into 12 groups (n = 10) according to the type of restorative material (Filtek Z550, Beautifil II LS or Beautifil Bulk Restorative), the use or not of reinforcing fibers (ribbond) and the applied restorative technique (incremental or bulk). The specimens were subjected to thermocycling and then immersed into a 50 wt% silver nitrate solution following a dying protocol. Subsequently, the teeth were prepared for SEM observations to evaluate the extent of marginal microleakage. RESULTS Three-way ANOVA revealed that the type of material, the use of ribbond fibers and the type of restorative technique significantly affected marginal microleakage (p < 0.001). Application of ribbond fibers decreased marginal microleakage to all tested restorative materials, regardless of the restorative technique, in a range of 31.2-81.4%. In the groups with no-use of ribbond fibers, among the materials there were no significant differences in microleakage when the teeth were restored with the incremental technique (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of UHMWPE fibers with wallpapering technique in Class I composite restorations may be an effective method to reduce marginal microleakage, regardless of the selected restorative technique or the material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians may be encouraged to utilize reinforcing fiber restorative techniques for direct restorations of structurally compromised teeth as a valid alternative to indirect restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thrasyvoulos Sfeikos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dionysopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pantelis Kouros
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Naka
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Current and future trends in the teaching of direct posterior resin composites in Malaysian dental schools: a cross-sectional study. J Dent 2021; 110:103683. [PMID: 33957189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the current and future teaching of posterior composite restorations in undergraduate curricula in Malaysian dental schools. METHODS A 24-item validated questionnaire including closed and open questions on the teaching of posterior composites was emailed to faculty members in all 13 Dental Schools in Malaysia. Responses were compiled on Excel and analysed. RESULTS All 13 dental schools responded to the survey yielding a 100 % response. All schools indicated the use of posterior composites for 2- and 3-surface cavities in premolars and molars. The didactic teaching time devoted to composites was greater than for amalgam (38 h vs 29 h). Clinically, most posterior restorations placed by students were composites (average 74.1 %, range 10 %-100 %); the remaining 25.9 % were amalgams (range, 0 %-50 %). Slot-type cavities were the preparation techniques most commonly taught (n = 11,84.6 %). The use of rubber dam for moisture control was mandatory in most schools (n = 11, 84.6 %). History of adverse reaction to composites was found to be the most common contraindication to composite placement. The phase down of teaching and use of amalgam in Malaysia is expected to occur within the next six years. CONCLUSION The trend to increase the teaching of posterior composites reported for other countries is confirmed by the findings from Malaysian dental schools. Notwithstanding this trend, the use of amalgam is still taught, and future studies are required to investigate the implications of the phase down of amalgam in favour of posterior composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Notwithstanding the increase in the teaching of posterior composites there is a pressing need to update and refine clinical guidelines for the teaching of posterior composites globally.
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Tiskaya M, Shahid S, Gillam D, Hill R. The use of bioactive glass (BAG) in dental composites: A critical review. Dent Mater 2021; 37:296-310. [PMID: 33441250 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, numerous studies have analyzed the role of bioactive glass (BAG) as remineralizing additives in dental restorative composites. This current review provides a critical analysis of the existing literature, particularly focusing on BAGs prepared via the melt-quench route that form an "apatite-like" phase when immersed in physiological-like solutions. METHODS Online databases (Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar) were used to collect data published from 1962 to 2020. The research papers were analyzed and the relevant papers were selected for this review. Sol-gel BAGs were not included in this review since it is not a cost-effective manufacturing technique that can be upscaled and is difficult to incorporate fluoride. RESULTS BAGs release Ca2+, PO43- and F- ions, raise the pH and form apatite. There are numerous published papers on the bioactivity of BAGs, but the different glass compositions, volume fractions, particle sizes, immersion media, time points, and the characterization techniques used, make comparison difficult. Several papers only use certain characterization techniques that do not provide a full picture of the behavior of the glass. It was noted that in most studies, mechanical properties were measured on dry samples, which does not replicate the conditions in the oral environment. Therefore, it is recommended that samples should be immersed for longer time periods in physiological solutions to mimic clinical environments. SIGNIFICANCE BAGs present major benefits in dentistry, especially their capacity to form apatite, which could potentially fill any marginal gaps produced due to polymerization shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Tiskaya
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Saroash Shahid
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - David Gillam
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Robert Hill
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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Krishna Muppalla JN, Harikumar V, Sarathchandra P, Reddy SJ, Rajani P. Effect of modulated photoactivation of bulkfill composite on microleakage in fluorosed and nonfluorosed teeth: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study. J Conserv Dent 2021; 23:180-184. [PMID: 33384492 PMCID: PMC7720755 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_112_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the microleakage of bulkfill composite activated by modulated photoactivation between fluorosed and nonfluorosed teeth using the confocal laser scanning microscope. Methodology: One hundred and twenty intact human premolar teeth with Thylstrup and Fejerskov index fluorosis index 0–4 were stored in 0.5% thymol at the room temperature until further use. Standardized Class V preparations of 2 mm depth, 3 mm width, and 2 mm height were prepared on the buccal surface. The cavities were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, rinsed and primed with Tetric N bond, cured for 20 s with Quartz Tungsten Halogen (QTH) variable intensity light-curing unit spectrum-800 operating at 450 mW/cm2. Later, bulk fill composite was placed in the cavity and cured. Depending on the curing mode used, all the fluorosed and nonfluorosed teeth were divided into three subgroups each (n = 20) – Conventional light curing, stepped curing, and pulse delayed curing. All samples were stored in distilled water at the room temperature for 24 h and subjected to 500 thermocycles. The prepared teeth were placed in 0.6% rhodamine solution for 48 h; sectioned longitudinally using a hard-tissue microtome and scanned under a confocal laser scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANNOVA, Wilcoxson signed-rank test, and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: Significant differences were observed between fluorosed and nonfluorosed groups. Intragroup comparisons showed significant differences between fluorosed step and conventional subgroups. Conclusion: Fluorosed teeth had higher microleakage values than nonfluorosed teeth. Pulse-delayed subgroup had the least microleakage to that of conventional and stepped curing subgroups, in both fluorosed and nonfluorosed groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Krishna Muppalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
| | - V Harikumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
| | - P Sarathchandra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
| | - S Jayaprada Reddy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
| | - P Rajani
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
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Ferracane JL, Lawson NC. Probing the hierarchy of evidence to identify the best strategy for placing class II dental composite restorations using current materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 33:39-50. [PMID: 33206440 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to present a synopsis of the existing clinical and in vitro evidence regarding placement of direct class II restorations with dental composites of varying viscosities, focusing on the marginal integrity achievable. OVERVIEW The literature on class II composites placed with various techniques was searched through PubMed, Scopus, and the citations of identified articles, focusing on aspects related to adaptation and clinical performance. Studies comparing layering of conventional composite to layering with a flowable liner, including the "snow plow technique," use of warmed composite, flowable bulk-fill liners with a conventional composite capping layer, and bulk-fill restorative in a single or incremental fill (including placement with sonic energy and dual-curing) CONCLUSIONS: In vitro and clinical evidence does not support any one specific method or material type for achieving optimal performance when restoring class II cavity preparations with current dental composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although there are many available placement methods and types of composite materials on the market for use in class II restorations, the reasonable success presented in the clinical and laboratory literature for the various approaches suggests that the most important factor for achieving success is likely careful and proper placement and light-curing technique, independent of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack L Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Dentistry, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Lawson
- Division of Biomaterials, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Restoration of a Nonvital Tooth with Fiber Reinforce Composite (Wallpapering Technique). Case Rep Dent 2020; 2020:9619787. [PMID: 32566326 PMCID: PMC7293721 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9619787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Reconstruction of endodontically treated tooth (ETT) is one of the greatest challenges in dentistry. Clinical success of fiber reinforcement composite (FRC) restorations in ETT depends on many factors like remaining tooth structure, knowing advantages of adhesive dentistry besides its drawbacks, and the correct use of fibers in combination with resin composite. Case Report. This article presents a case in which fibers have been used in composite buildup in order to increase the toughness and strength of the ETT direct restoration. In addition, this technique does not require root canal enlargement to eliminate the risk of root perforation. Also, this one visit treatment can be helpful for patients that could not pay the cost of indirect restoration and/or have no time. Conclusion It seems in selected patients with special considerations, FRC composite restoration is valid alternatives for indirect restoration.
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Koc Vural U, Gokalp S, Kiremitci A. Effect of cavity lining on the restoration of root surface carious lesions: a split-mouth, 5-year randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:979-989. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Schenkel AB, Veitz‐Keenan A. Dental cavity liners for Class I and Class II resin-based composite restorations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 3:CD010526. [PMID: 30834516 PMCID: PMC6399099 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010526.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resin-based composite (RBC) is currently accepted as a viable material for the restoration of caries for posterior permanent teeth requiring surgical treatment. Despite the fact that the thermal conductivity of the RBC restorative material closely approximates that of natural tooth structure, postoperative hypersensitivity is sometimes still an issue. Dental cavity liners have historically been used to protect the pulp from the toxic effects of some dental restorative materials and to prevent the pain of thermal conductivity by placing an insulating layer between restorative material and the remaining tooth structure. This is an update of the Cochrane Review first published in 2016. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of using dental cavity liners in the placement of Class I and Class II resin-based composite posterior restorations in permanent teeth in children and adults. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 12 November 2018), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2018, Issue 10) in the Cochrane Library (searched 12 November 2018), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 12 November 2018), Embase Ovid (1980 to 12 November 2018) and LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database; 1982 to 12 November 2018). We searched ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of the use of liners under Class I and Class II posterior resin-based composite restorations in permanent teeth (in both adults and children). We included both parallel and split-mouth designs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We utilized standard methodological procedures prescribed by Cochrane for data collection and analysis. Two review authors screened the search results and assessed the eligibility of studies for inclusion against the review inclusion criteria. We conducted risk of bias assessments and data extraction independently and in duplicate. Where information was unclear we contacted study authors for clarification. MAIN RESULTS Eight studies, recruiting over 700 participants, compared the use of dental cavity liners to no liners for Class I and Class II resin-based composite restorations.Seven studies evaluated postoperative hypersensitivity measured by various methods. All studies were at unclear or high risk of bias. There was inconsistent evidence regarding postoperative hypersensitivity (either measured using cold response or patient-reported), with a benefit shown at some, but not all, time points (low-quality evidence).Four trials measured restoration longevity. Two of the studies were judged to be at high risk and two at unclear risk of bias. No difference in restoration failure rates were shown at 1 year follow-up, with no failures reported in either group for three of the four studies; the fourth study had a risk ratio (RR) 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07 to 15.00) (low-quality evidence). Three studies evaluated restoration longevity at 2 years follow-up and, again, no failures were shown in either group.No adverse events were reported in any of the included studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is inconsistent, low-quality evidence regarding the difference in postoperative hypersensitivity subsequent to placing a dental cavity liner under Class I and Class II posterior resin-based composite restorations in permanent posterior teeth in adults or children 15 years or older. Furthermore, no evidence was found to demonstrate a difference in the longevity of restorations placed with or without dental cavity liners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Schenkel
- New York University College of DentistryCariology and Comprehensive Care345 East 24th StreetNew YorkUSA10010
| | - Analia Veitz‐Keenan
- New York University College of DentistryDepartment of Oral Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine345 East 24th StreetNew YorkUSANY 10010
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Malarvizhi D, Karthick A, Gold Pearlin Mary NS, Venkatesh A. Shrinkage in composites: An enigma. J Int Oral Health 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_36_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Alqudaihi FS, Cook NB, Diefenderfer KE, Bottino MC, Platt JA. Comparison of Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill and Increment-fill Resin Composite Materials. Oper Dent 2019; 44:E32-E44. [DOI: 10.2341/17-269-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objectives:
To evaluate 1) the internal adaptation of a light-activated incremental-fill and bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) materials by measuring the gap between the restorative material and the tooth structure and 2) the aging effect on internal adaptation.
Methods and Materials:
Seventy teeth with class I cavity preparations were randomly distributed into five groups; four groups were restored with bulk-fill RBCs: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TEC), SonicFill (SF), QuiXX Posterior Restorative (QX), and X-tra fil (XF); the fifth group was restored with incremental-fill Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal Restorative (FSU). One-half of the specimens of each group were thermocycled. Each tooth was sectioned, digital images were recorded, and the dimensions of any existing gaps were measured. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (α=0.05).
Results:
FSU had the smallest gap measurement values compared with the bulk-fill materials except QX and TEC (p≤0.008). FSU had the smallest sum of all gap category values compared with the bulk-fill materials, except QX (p≤0.021). The highest gap incidence and size values were found at the composite/adhesive interface. All aged groups had greater gap values in regard to the gap measurement and the sum of all gap categories compared with non-aged groups.
Significance:
The incrementally placed material FSU had the highest internal adaptation to the cavity surface, while the four bulk-fill materials showed varied results. Thermocycling influenced the existing gap area magnitudes. The findings suggest that the incremental-fill technique produces better internal adaptation than the bulk-fill technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- FS Alqudaihi
- Fatema Sabri Alqudaihi, BDS, MSD, Dental Department, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
| | - NB Cook
- N Blaine Cook, DDS, MSD, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Division of Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - KE Diefenderfer
- Kim E Diefenderfer, DMD, MS, MS, Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Division of Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - MC Bottino
- Marco C Bottino, DDS, PhD, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - JA Platt
- Jeffrey A Platt, DDS, MS, Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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AlSagob EI, Bardwell DN, Ali AO, Khayat SG, Stark PC. Comparison of microleakage between bulk-fill flowable and nanofilled resin-based composites. Interv Med Appl Sci 2018; 10:102-109. [PMID: 30363354 PMCID: PMC6167621 DOI: 10.1556/1646.10.2018.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The objective was to compare the marginal leakage (silver nitrate uptake) of nanohybrid resin-based composite (RBC) and two bulk-fill flowable RBCs with specific clinical protocols. Methods Four experimental groups of RBC were investigated including conventional composite Filtek™ Supreme in 2 mm increment (FS2), Filtek™ Supreme in 4 mm increment (FS4), Filtek™ Supreme Flowable (BFF), and SureFil® SDR® flow (SDR). Class II box preparation (4 × 4 × 3 mm) in extracted intact human molars was carried out and restored using the experimental groups, all according to the manufacturers’ recommendations except FS4. Samples were aged by thermocycling (2,000 cycles). Microleakage was calculated by measuring dye penetration in sectioned teeth using a stereomicroscope. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results BFF and FS2 exhibited the least dye penetration and microleakage measurement with no significant difference between the two groups, followed by SDR. FS4 showed the highest microleakage with significant difference in comparison with BFF and FS2. Gingival microleakage was found to be significantly higher than occlusal microleakage. Conclusion The microleakage of the bulk-fill composites BFF and SDR are comparable with conventional composite FS2; however, it is more predictable to use FS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I AlSagob
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David N Bardwell
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ala O Ali
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samer G Khayat
- Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul C Stark
- Department of Advanced and Graduate Education, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Ergin E, Oz FD, Gurgan S. Comparison of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Handpieces for Class II Preparation and Microleakage of Silorane- or Methacrylate-Based Composite Restorations. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:499-505. [PMID: 30188252 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2018.4459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cavity preparation with different Er,Cr:YSGG laser handpieces on microleakage of different posterior composite restorations. METHODS Fifty-four extracted intact human premolars were randomly assigned to three groups according to cavity preparation method: Bur Group: high-speed diamond bur (Diatech), MD Group: Er,Cr:YSGG laser Waterlase MD handpiece (Biolase Millennium II), and Turbo Group: Er,Cr:YSGG laser Waterlase MD TURBO handpiece (Biolase Millennium II). One hundred eight Class II slot cavities were prepared on the mesial and distal proximal surfaces of each tooth, and the cavity preparation times required were determined. The groups were then subdivided according to the restorative systems used (n = 12): a conventional methacrylate-based microhybrid composite (Filtek P60+Adper Single Bond 2/3M); a silorane-based resin composite (Filtek Silorane+Silorane System Adhesive/3M); and a nanohybrid methacrylate-based composite (Kalore+G-Bond/GC). The restorative systems were applied according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Following thermocycling (X5000; 5°C-55°C), the teeth were coated with nail varnish except the restoration margins, immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution, and sectioned in a mesiodistal direction. Dye penetration was evaluated under a light microscope for occlusal and cervical margins. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and chi-square tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS The cavity preparation time (mean ± SD) required for Bur, MD, and Turbo group was 31.25 ± 3.82, 222.94 ± 15.85, and 92.5 ± 7.42 sec, respectively, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Comparing the occlusal and cervical microleakage scores, no statistically significant differences were found among the groups and subgroups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Er;Cr:YSGG laser cavity preparation with the Turbo handpiece needed shorter time than the MD handpiece, although it needed longer time than the conventional diamond bur. The use of different handpieces of Er,Cr:YSGG laser did not differ from conventional preparation with diamond bur in terms of microleakage with the tested methacrylate- and silorane-based posterior composite restorative systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Ergin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dilsad Oz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevil Gurgan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University , Ankara, Turkey
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Eweis AH, Yap AUJ, Yahya NA. Impact of dietary solvents on flexural properties of bulk-fill composites. Saudi Dent J 2018; 30:232-239. [PMID: 29942108 PMCID: PMC6011214 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of dietary solvents on flexural strength and modulus of bulk-fill composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS One conventional composite (Filtek Z350 [FZ]), two bulk-fill composites (Filtek Bulk-fill [FB] and Tetric N Ceram [TN]) and a bulk-fill giomer (Beautifil-Bulk Restorative [BB]) were evaluated. Specimens (12 × 2 × 2 mm) were fabricated using customized stainless steel molds. Specimens were light-cured, removed from their molds, finished, measured and randomly divided into six groups. The groups (n = 10) were conditioned in the following mediums for 7 days at 37 °C: air (control), artificial saliva (SAGF), distilled water, 0.02 N citric acid, heptane, 50% ethanol-water solution. After conditioning, the specimens were rinsed, blotted dry, measured and subjected to flexural testing using a universal testing machine. Representative SEM images of the intact surfaces were obtained to appraise the degradation mechanism by dietary solvents. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA/Tukey's tests at significance level p < 0.05. RESULTS Significant differences in flexural properties were observed between materials and conditioning mediums. The highest flexural properties were usually obtained with conditioning in air (control) or heptane. Exposure to aqueous solutions generally reduced flexural properties of bulk-fill composites. CONCLUSION The effect of dietary solvents on flexural properties of bulk-fill composites was material and medium dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hesham Eweis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adrian U-Jin Yap
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Noor Azlin Yahya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Luong E, Shayegan A. Assessment of microleakage of class V restored by resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer and pit and fissure resin-based sealants following Er:YAG laser conditioning and acid etching: in vitro study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018; 10:83-92. [PMID: 29881311 PMCID: PMC5985794 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s153989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to make a comparison between microleakage of conventionally restored class V cavities using acid etchant and the ones conditioned by erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, and also to assess and compare the effectiveness of enamel surface treatments of occlusal pits and fissures by acid etching and conditioned by Er:YAG laser-etch. Materials and methods Seventy-two extracted third molars were used in this study. The samples were divided into two major groups: class V cavities and pit and fissure sealants. Each subgroup was divided into conventional acid etching, Er:YAG laser conditioning and conventional acid etching, and combination with Er:YAG laser conditioning (n=12). The teeth were placed in 2% methylene blue dye solution, were sectioned, and were evaluated according to the dye penetration criteria. Two samples per subgroup were chosen for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Results There was a significant difference between occlusal and cervical margin groups. Laser conventional composite cementum group showed more microleakage values compared to other groups. There was no significant difference between occlusal margin groups. However, there was a significant difference between cervical margin groups in terms of microleakage. In sealant groups, there was a significant difference between laser and conventional with/without laser treatment groups in terms of microleakage. Conclusion Based on the results reported in this study, it can be concluded that the application of the Er:YAG laser beneath the resin composite, the resin-modified glass ionomers (GIs), and the fissure sealant placement may be an alternative enamel and dentin etching method to acid etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Luong
- Department of Children and Adult Operative Dentistry, César de Paepe Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amir Shayegan
- Department of Children and Adult Operative Dentistry, Children's Hospital of Queen Fabiola, Free University of Brussels, Bruxelles, Belgium
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PRAGER M, PIERCE M, ATRIA PJ, SAMPAIO C, CÁCERES E, WOLFF M, GIANNINI M, HIRATA R. Assessment of cuspal deflection and volumetric shrinkage of different bulk fill composites using non-contact phase microscopy and micro-computed tomography. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:393-399. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin PRAGER
- Department of Cariology and Comprehensive Care, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Mark PIERCE
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
| | - Pablo J. ATRIA
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Camila SAMPAIO
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School
| | - Eduardo CÁCERES
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
- Department of Biomaterials, Universidad Andres Bello, Faculty of Dentistry Viña del Mar
| | - Mark WOLFF
- Department of Cariology and Comprehensive Care, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Marcelo GIANNINI
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School
| | - Ronaldo HIRATA
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
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Deliperi S, Alleman D, Rudo D. Stress-reduced Direct Composites for the Restoration of Structurally Compromised Teeth: Fiber Design According to the "Wallpapering" Technique. Oper Dent 2018; 42:233-243. [PMID: 28467261 DOI: 10.2341/15-289-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to present a restoration technique based on an understanding of the biomechanical properties of the dentinoenamel complex (DEC) and the physical-mechanical properties of the resin-based composite including the stress generated from both polymerization shrinkage and occlusal forces. Technique Summary: The DEC is a functional interphase that provides crack tip shielding; the DEC should be preserved during restorative procedures. Dentists can design the strategic placement of restorative materials into the cavity to both resist the mode of failure and mimic the performance characteristics of the intact natural tooth. The term "wallpapering" describes a concept of covering the cavity walls with overlapping closely adapted pieces of Leno weaved ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (LWUHMWPE) ribbons. The key for success is that the ribbons are adapted and polymerized as closely as possible against the contours of residual tooth substrate. The resulting thin bond line between the fibers and the tooth structure creates a "bond zone" that is more resistant to failing due to the intrinsic stress and energy absorbing mechanism of the LWUHMWPE ribbons. The formation of defects and voids, from which crack propagation may start, is also reduced. The fibers' tight adaptation to tooth structure allows a dramatic decrease of the composite volume between the tooth structure and the fiber, thus protecting the residual weakened walls from both the stress from polymerization shrinkage and the occlusal load. CONCLUSION By using a similar approach, fiber-reinforced stress-reduced direct composite restorations may be performed in the restoration of structurally compromised vital and nonvital teeth.
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Sabbagh J, Fahd JC, McConnell RJ. Post-operative sensitivity and posterior composite resin restorations: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.12968/denu.2018.45.3.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sabbagh
- Professor, Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry Department, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean Claude Fahd
- Former Chairperson, Restorative and Aesthetic Dentistry Department, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Robert J McConnell
- Emeritus Professor, Restorative Dentistry, University Dental School and Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Chailert O, Banomyong D, Vongphan N, Ekworapoj P, Burrow MF. Internal adaptation of resin composite restorations with different thicknesses of glass ionomer cement lining. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 9:e12308. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ornjira Chailert
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Danuchit Banomyong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Nataya Vongphan
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Piyanart Ekworapoj
- Department of General Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Srinakharinwirot University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Michael F. Burrow
- Melbourne Dental School; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Atria PJ, Sampaio CS, Cáceres E, Fernández J, Reis AF, Giannini M, Coelho PG, Hirata R. Micro-computed tomography evaluation of volumetric polymerization shrinkage and degree of conversion of composites cured by various light power outputs. Dent Mater J 2017; 37:33-39. [PMID: 29081446 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of different light-curing modes on the volumetric polymerization shrinkage and degree of conversion of a composite resin at different locations using micro-computed tomography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Specimens were divided into 4 groups based on the light-curing mode used (Bluephase 20i): 1 -High (1,200 mW/cm2); 2 -Low (650 mW/cm2); 3 -Soft-start (650-1,200 mW/cm2); and 4 -Turbo (2,000 mW/cm2). Degree of conversion was calculated by the measurement of the peak absorbance height of the uncured and cured materials at the specific wavenumbers, and was performed by FTIR 48 h after curing resin samples. Degree of conversion was analyzed using two-way ANOVA. No significant differences were observed independent of the region of the restoration investigated (p>0.05). Different curing modes did not influence volumetric shrinkage neither degree of conversion of class I composite resin restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J Atria
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes
| | - Camila S Sampaio
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes.,Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP
| | - Eduardo Cáceres
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Jessica Fernández
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Andre F Reis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Guarulhos University
| | | | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry.,Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry.,Department of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi
| | - Ronaldo Hirata
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry
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Gouveia THN, Theobaldo JD, Vieira-Junior WF, Lima DANL, Aguiar FHB. Esthetic smile rehabilitation of anterior teeth by treatment with biomimetic restorative materials: a case report. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2017; 9:27-31. [PMID: 28652816 PMCID: PMC5477167 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s130698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In daily clinical practice, esthetics of anterior teeth is a common presenting complaint of patients. OBJECTIVE This case report discusses the management of asymmetric smile associated with unsatisfactory extensive composite restorations and describes a clinical protocol using the direct composite resin for smile enhancement to restore the dental harmony of anterior teeth. METHODS The treatment planning was based on a diagnostic wax-up and cosmetic mock-up. After clinical and patient approvals were obtained, the patient was subjected to direct and indirect restorative treatment. CONCLUSION Nanocomposites are an effective alternative for anterior teeth restorations. Additionally, good planning enables satisfactory esthetic results, leading to the correction of an inappropriate axial inclination of incisors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jéssica Dias Theobaldo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Shrinkage behaviors of dental composite restorations—The experimental–numerical hybrid analysis. Dent Mater 2016; 32:e362-e373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Schenkel AB, Peltz I, Veitz‐Keenan A. Dental cavity liners for Class I and Class II resin-based composite restorations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 10:CD010526. [PMID: 27780315 PMCID: PMC6461160 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd010526.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resin-based composite (RBC) is currently accepted as a viable material for the restoration of caries for posterior permanent teeth requiring surgical treatment. Despite the fact that the thermal conductivity of the RBC restorative material closely approximates that of natural tooth structure, postoperative hypersensitivity is sometimes still an issue. Dental cavity liners have historically been used to protect the pulp from the toxic effects of some dental restorative materials and to prevent the pain of thermal conductivity by placing an insulating layer between restorative material and the remaining tooth structure. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of using dental cavity liners in the placement of Class I and Class II resin-based composite posterior restorations in permanent teeth in children and adults. SEARCH METHODS Cochrane Oral Health's Information Specialist searched the following databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register (to 25 May 2016), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2016, Issue 4) in the Cochrane Library (searched 25 May 2016), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 25 May 2016), Embase Ovid (1980 to 25 May 2016) and LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database; 1982 to 25 May 2016). We searched ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of the use of liners under Class I and Class II posterior resin-based composite restorations in permanent teeth (in both adults and children). We included both parallel and split-mouth designs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We utilized standard methodological procedures prescribed by Cochrane for data collection and analysis. Two review authors screened the search results and assessed the eligibility of studies for inclusion against the review inclusion criteria. We conducted risk of bias assessments and data extraction independently and in duplicate. Where information was unclear we contacted study authors for clarification. MAIN RESULTS Eight studies, recruiting over 700 participants, compared the use of dental cavity liners to no liners for Class I and Class II resin-based composite restorations.Seven studies evaluated postoperative hypersensitivity measured by various methods. All studies were at unclear or high risk of bias. There was inconsistent evidence regarding postoperative hypersensitivity (either measured using cold response or patient-reported), with a benefit shown at some, but not all, time points (low-quality evidence).Four trials measured restoration longevity. Two of the studies were judged to be at high risk and two at unclear risk of bias. No difference in restoration failure rates were shown at one year follow-up, with no failures reported in either group for three of the four studies; the fourth study had a risk ratio (RR) 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07 to 15.00) (low-quality evidence). Three studies evaluated restoration longevity at two years follow-up and, again, no failures were shown in either group.No adverse events were reported in any of the included studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is inconsistent, low-quality evidence regarding the difference in postoperative hypersensitivity subsequent to placing a dental cavity liner under Class I and Class II posterior resin-based composite restorations in permanent posterior teeth in adults or children 15 years or older. Furthermore, no evidence was found to demonstrate a difference in the longevity of restorations placed with or without dental cavity liners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Schenkel
- New York University College of DentistryCariology and Comprehensive Care345 East 24th StreetNew YorkUSA10010
| | - Ivy Peltz
- New York University College of DentistryCariology and Comprehensive Care345 East 24th StreetNew YorkUSA10010
| | - Analia Veitz‐Keenan
- New York University College of DentistryOral Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology and Medicine345 East 24th Street NYC 1st floorNew YorkUSA10010
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Redwan H, Bardwell DN, Ali A, Finkelman M, Khayat S, Weber HP. Composite Replacement of Amalgam Restoration Versus Freshly Cut Dentin: An In Vitro Microleakage Comparison. Oper Dent 2016; 41:E73-82. [PMID: 26918923 DOI: 10.2341/14-278-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of the composite restorations when bonded to tooth structure previously restored with amalgam material compared with that of freshly cut dentin. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty intact, extracted intact human molars were mounted in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. Class II box preparations were prepared on the occluso-proximal surfaces of each tooth (4-mm bucco-lingual width and 2-mm mesio-distal depth) with the gingival cavosurface margin 1 mm above the CEJ. Each cavity was then restored using high copper amalgam restoration (Disperalloy, Dentsply) and then thermocycled for 10,000 thermal cycles. Twenty-five of the amalgam restorations were then carefully removed and replaced with Filtek Supreme Ultra Universal (3M ESPE); the remaining five were used for scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. A preparation of the same dimensions was performed on the opposite surface of the tooth and restored with composite resin and thermocycled for 5000 thermal cycles. Twenty samples were randomly selected for dye penetration testing using silver nitrate staining to detect the microleakage. The specimens were analyzed with a stereomicroscope at a magnification of 20×. All of the measurements were done in micrometers; two readings were taken for each cavity at the occlusal and proximal margins. Two measurements were taken using a 0-3 scale and the percentage measurements. RESULTS Corrosion products were not detected in either group (fresh cut dentin and teeth previously restored with amalgam). No statistically significant difference was found between the microleakage of the two groups using a 0-3 scale at the occlusal margins (McNemar test, p=0.727) or proximal margins (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p=0.174). No significance difference was found between the two groups using the percentage measurements and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test at either the occlusal (p=0.675) or proximal (p=0.513) margins. However, marginal microleakage was statistically significant between the proximal and occlusal margins (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this in vitro study, no significant difference was found between the microleakage of nondiscolored dentin in teeth that were previously restored with amalgam compared with freshly cut dentin. However, marginal microleakage in the proximal surface was higher than that in the occlusal surface.
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Naoum SJ, Mutzelburg PR, Shumack TG, Thode DJG, Martin FE, Ellakwa AE. Reducing composite restoration polymerization shrinkage stress through resin modified glass-ionomer based adhesives. Aust Dent J 2015; 60:490-6. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SJ Naoum
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - PR Mutzelburg
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - TG Shumack
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - DJG Thode
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - FE Martin
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - AE Ellakwa
- Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
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Relhan N, Ponnappa K, Relhan A, Jain A, Gupta P. An In-Vitro Comparison of Micro Leakage Between Two Posterior Composites Restored with Different Layering Techniques Using Two Different LED Modes. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC78-81. [PMID: 26155569 PMCID: PMC4484161 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12782.5961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Composite resins have undergone various advances since their introduction, but their polymerization shrinkage remains a problem. Shrinkage can cause debonding of the restoration and can contribute to postoperative sensitivity, secondary caries, marginal staining and eventual failure of the restoration. So, our aim is to compare the effect of two different placement techniques and two different curing modes in reducing the marginal microleakage of two different composites in Class II cavities, where oblique and horizontal placement techniques and ramp & pulse curing modes of LED are used during the restoration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized slot preparations were prepared in 80 human multi-rooted teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Group A and B: Restored with Filtek P60 (3M, ESPE), Group C and D: Restored with Filtek P90 (3M, ESPE). All groups were further divided into sub-groups on basis of placement technique and curing mode. The samples were stored in distilled water, followed by thermocycling and immersed in 2% methylene blue. The samples were sectioned and evaluated for microleakage at the gingival margin with an optical stereomicroscope. RESULTS P60 composite when placed in the cavity with oblique incremental technique and cured with ramp mode of LED showed highest mean microleakage. There is no significant difference between horizontal and oblique placement technique (p=0.80); Pulse-curing and the ramp-curing mode (p=0.62). CONCLUSION In restoring deep class II cavities, the use of a low-shrink composite with the oblique placement technique and ramp curing mode of LED is recommended to overcome the problem of marginal microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Relhan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Udaipur, India
| | - K.C. Ponnappa
- Principal, Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Coorg, India
| | - Ashima Relhan
- Post Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Manav Rachna Dental College, Faridabad, India
| | - Anurag Jain
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Maharana Pratap Dental College & Research Institute, Gwalior, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Maharana Pratap Dental College & Research Institute, Gwalior, India
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Agarwal RS, Hiremath H, Agarwal J, Garg A. Evaluation of cervical marginal and internal adaptation using newer bulk fill composites: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18:56-61. [PMID: 25657529 PMCID: PMC4313481 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.148897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cervical marginal and internal adaptation of posterior bulk fill resin composites of different viscosities, before and after thermo-cycling (TMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty box-only class II cavities were prepared in 40 extracted human premolars with the distal proximal box beneath the enamel-cementum junction (CEJ). The teeth in the experimental groups were restored with bulk fill resin composite restorations (Gr. I- Sonic Fill, Gr. II- SDR, Gr. III- Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill or a conventional composite designed for 2-mm increments (Gr. IV- Tetric N Flow along with Tetric N Ceram). Before and after thermal cycling, the gap-free marginal length was analyzed using SEM of epoxy resin replicas. After thermal cycling, specimens were cut longitudinally in order to investigate internal dentine adaptation by epoxy replicas under SEM (500 × magnification). RESULTS Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc tests (P < 0.05). In enamel, high percentages of gap-free margins were initially identified for all the groups, which declined after thermal cycling. However, no significant differences were identified among any of the groups (P > 0.05). In dentine, bulk fill groups performed at par with the incremental placement; for both marginal and internal adaptation (P < 0.05), for all materials except Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill. CONCLUSIONS Viscosity of the bulk fill restorative material influenced the proportion of gap-free marginal interface and the internal adaptation in dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolly Shrivastav Agarwal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hemlatha Hiremath
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jatin Agarwal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Garg
- Department of Orthodontics, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Bahillo J, Bortolotto T, Roig M, Krejci I. Bulk filling of Class II cavities with a dual-cure composite: Effect of curing mode and enamel etching on marginal adaptation. J Clin Exp Dent 2014; 6:e502-8. [PMID: 25674316 PMCID: PMC4312676 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study attempted to find a simple adhesive restorative technique for class I and II cavities on posterior teeth.
Study Design: The tested materials were a self-etching adhesive (Parabond, Coltène/Whaledent) and a dual-cure composite (Paracore, Coltène/Whaledent) used in bulk to restore the cavities. Class II MO cavities were performed and assigned to 4 groups depending on the orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) conditioning of enamel and polymerization method used (chemical or dual). Specimens were subjected to quantitative marginal analysis before and after thermo-mechanical loading.
Results: Higher percentages of marginal adaptation at the total margin length, both before and after thermo-mechanical loading, were found in groups in which enamel was etched with phosphoric acid, without significant differences between the chemically and dual-cured modes. The restorations performance was similar on enamel and dentin, obtaining low results of adaptation on occlusal enamel in the groups without enamel etching, the lowest scores were on cervical dentin in the group with no ortophosphoric acid and self-cured.
Conclusions: A dual-cure composite applied in bulk on acid etched enamel obtained acceptable marginal adaptation results, and may be an alternative technique for the restoration of class II cavities.
Key words:Dual-cure composite, bulk technique, class II restoration, selective enamel etching, marginal adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Bahillo
- DDS, MsC, Master Esthetic Dentistry. Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tissiana Bortolotto
- Dr. Med. Dent., PhD, Senior Lecturer. Division of Cariology and Endodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Roig
- MD, DDS, PhD, Professor and Director. Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivo Krejci
- Prof. Dr. Med. Dent., Professor and Chairman. Division of Cariology and Endodontology, President, School of Dentistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Jang JH, Park SH, Hwang IN. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk-fill resin composites and highly filled flowable resin. Oper Dent 2014; 40:172-80. [PMID: 25136904 DOI: 10.2341/13-307-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymerization behavior and depth of cure (DOC) of recently introduced resin composites for posterior use: highly filled flowable composite and composites for bulk fill. A highly filled flowable (G-aenial Universal Flo [GUF]), two bulk-fill flowables (Surefil SDR Flow [SDR] and Venus Bulk fill [VBF]), and a bulk-fill nonflowable composite (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk fill [TBF]) were compared with two conventional composites (Tetric Flow [TF], Filtek Supreme Ultra [FS]). Linear polymerization shrinkage and polymerization shrinkage stress were each measured with custom-made devices. To evaluate DOC, the composite specimen was prepared using a mold with a hole of 4 mm depth and 4 mm internal diameter. The hole was bulk filled with each of the six composites and light cured for 20 seconds, followed by 24 hours of water storage. The surface hardness was measured on the top and the bottom using a Vickers microhardness (HV) indenter. The linear polymerization shrinkage of the composite specimens after photo-initiation decreased in the following order: TF and GUF > VBF > SDR > FS and TBF (p<0.05). The polymerization shrinkage stress of the six composite groups decreased in the following order: GUF > TF and VBF > SDR > FS and TBF (p<0.05). The mean bottom surface HV of SDR and VBF exceeded 80% of the top surface HV (HV-80%). However, the bottom of GUF and TBF failed to reach HV-80%. A highly filled flowable (GUF) revealed limitations in polymerization shrinkage and DOC. Bulk-fill flowables (SDR and VBF) were properly cured in 4-mm bulk, but they shrank more than the conventional nonflowable composite. A bulk-fill nonflowable (TBF) showed comparable shrinkage to the conventional nonflowable composite, but it was not sufficiently cured in the 4-mm bulk.
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Scholkmann F, Revol V, Kaufmann R, Baronowski H, Kottler C. A new method for fusion, denoising and enhancement of x-ray images retrieved from Talbot–Lau grating interferometry. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:1425-40. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/6/1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Basso GR, Borba M, Della Bona A. Influence of different mechanisms of fluoride release from adhesive systems. Braz Dent J 2014; 24:522-6. [PMID: 24474297 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201302037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the time-dependent fluoride (F) release from three adhesive systems: Clearfil Protect Bond (CPB - Kuraray), FL Bond II (FLB- Shofu) and Adper Single Bond 2 (SB2 - 3M ESPE) (negative control). CPB and FLB are fluoride containing adhesives that use different F releasing mechanisms. The tested hypothesis was that the F releasing mechanism influences the amount of released F in water. Disc-shaped specimens (5 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated using a plastic matrix (Demetron Research Corp). Three specimens were produced for each material and each period of evaluation (1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) (n=3). Subsequently, the specimens were stored in 10 mL distilled water at 37° C until the analyses were done using a liquid membrane for selective F ion electrode (Orion 710). Four readings were performed on the first day and the remaining evaluation times had one reading/day. Results were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). CPB released the greatest amount of fluoride in all evaluated periods with the greatest value at 6th h (0.183 ppm) thereafter decreasing gradually up to the 7th day when it significantly increased again until the 21st day. In most measurements, FLB showed similar mean fluoride release values as SB2. Therefore, the fluoride release mechanism influenced the amount of fluoride released in water, confirming the study hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcia Borba
- School of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo FundoRS, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Della Bona
- School of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo FundoRS, Brazil
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Chandwani ND, Pawar MG, Tupkari JV, Yuwanati M. Histological evaluation to study the effects of dental amalgam and composite restoration on human dental pulp: an in vivo study. Med Princ Pract 2014; 23:40-4. [PMID: 24217468 PMCID: PMC5586846 DOI: 10.1159/000355607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study and compare the effects of dental amalgam and composite restorations on human dental pulp. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred sound premolars scheduled for orthodontic extraction were divided equally into two groups: group A, teeth restored with silver amalgam, and group B, teeth restored with composite resin. Each group was equally subdivided into two subgroups [extracted after 24 h (A-1 and B-1) or 7 days (A-2 and B-2)], and the histological changes in the pulp related to the two different materials at the two different intervals were studied. RESULTS It was found that after 24 h, the inflammatory response of the pulp in teeth restored with amalgam and composite was similar (p = 1.00). However, after 7 days, the severity of the inflammatory response of the pulp in teeth restored with amalgam was less compared to that in teeth restored with composite (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION This study confirmed that amalgam continues to be the mechanically as well as biologically more competent restorative material. Composite could be a promising restorative material to satisfy esthetic needs for a considerable period of time. However, its biological acceptance is still in doubt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam D. Chandwani
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India
- *Dr. Neelam Chandwani Bajaj, c/o Smilecare Dental Clinic, T-3 Godavari Sankul, 54 K.T. Nagar, Katol Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440013 (India), E-Mail
| | - Mansing G. Pawar
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Jagdish V. Tupkari
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Monal Yuwanati
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Rho YJ, Namgung C, Jin BH, Lim BS, Cho BH. Longevity of Direct Restorations in Stress-Bearing Posterior Cavities: A Retrospective Study. Oper Dent 2013; 38:572-82. [DOI: 10.2341/12-432-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYThe aims of this retrospective clinical study were to compare the longevities of direct posterior amalgam restorations (AMs) and resin composite restorations (RCs) that were subjected to occlusal stresses and to investigate variables predictive of their outcome. A total of 269 AMs and RCs filled in Class I and II cavities of posterior teeth were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier survival estimator and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. Seventy-one retreated restorations were reviewed from dental records. The other 198 restorations still in use were evaluated according to modified US Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria by two investigators. The longevity of RCs was significantly lower than that of AMs (AM = 8.7 years and RC = 5.0 years, p<0.05), especially in molars. The prognostic variables, such as age, restorative material, tooth type, operator group, diagnosis, cavity classification, and gender, affected the longevity of the restorations (multivariate Cox regression analysis, p<0.05). However, among the restorations working in oral cavities, their clinical performance evaluated with modified USPHS criteria showed no statistical difference between both restoratives. In contrast to the short longevity of RCs relative to AMs, the clinical performance of RCs working in oral cavities was observed to be not different from that of AMs. This suggests that once a RC starts to fail, it happens in a rapid progression. As posterior esthetic restorations, RCs must be observed carefully with periodic follow-ups for early detection and timely repair of failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Rho
- Young-Jee Rho, DDS, MDS, resident, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Namgung
- Cheol Namgung, BS, student, Department of Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-H Jin
- Bo-Hyoung Jin, DDS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-S Lim
- Bum-Soon Lim, PhD, professor, Department of Dental Biomaterials Science, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-H Cho
- Byeong-Hoon Cho, DDS, PhD, professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
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Boaro LC, Meira JB, Ballester RY, Braga RR. Influence of specimen dimensions and their derivatives (C-factor and volume) on polymerization stress determined in a high compliance testing system. Dent Mater 2013; 29:1034-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ishikiriama SK, Valeretto TM, Franco EB, Mondelli RFL. The influence of "C-factor" and light activation technique on polymerization contraction forces of resin composite. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 20:603-6. [PMID: 23329240 PMCID: PMC3881863 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the influence of the cavity configuration factor ("C-Factor")
and light activation technique on polymerization contraction forces of a
Bis-GMA-based composite resin (Charisma, Heraeus Kulzer). Material and Methods Three different pairs of steel moving bases were connected to a universal testing
machine (emic DL 500): groups A and B - 2x2 mm (CF=0.33), groups C and D - 3x2 mm
(CF=0.66), groups e and F - 6x2 mm (CF=1.5). After adjustment of the height
between the pair of bases so that the resin had a volume of 12 mm3 in
all groups, the material was inserted and polymerized by two different methods:
pulse delay (100 mW/cm2 for 5 s, 40 s interval, 600 mW/cm2
for 20 s) and continuous pulse (600 mW/cm2 for 20 s). Each
configuration was light cured with both techniques. Tensions generated during
polymerization were recorded by 120 s. The values were expressed in curves
(Force(N) x Time(s)) and averages compared by statistical analysis (ANOVA and
Tukey's test, p<0.05). Results: For the 2x2 and 3x2 bases, with a reduced C-Factor, significant differences were
found between the light curing methods. For 6x2 base, with high C-Factor, the
light curing method did not influence the contraction forces of the composite
resin. Conclusions Pulse delay technique can determine less stress on tooth/restoration interface of
adhesive restorations only when a reduced C-Factor is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Kiyoshi Ishikiriama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Humel MMC, Takahashi JMFK, Paulillo LAMS, Mesquita MF, Martins LRM. Direct restorative treatment of anterior weared teeth after re-establishment of occlusal vertical dimension: a case report. Gerodontology 2012; 29:299-307. [PMID: 23167726 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2012.00630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The loss of posterior teeth resulting in a lack of stability may lead to excessive mandibular load on some points of occlusion of the remaining teeth, causing wear. The rehabilitation of these cases must be carefully planned and the treatment requires a period of adaptation with a new vertical dimension. BACKGROUND This case report describes the treatment of a patient with a loss of almost all posterior inferior teeth and a consequential loss of occlusal vertical dimension and accentuated wear of anterior elements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Provisional removable partial dentures were manufactured and the patient used them for a period of adaptation prior to restoration of the anterior teeth. After the patient's adaptation with the new occlusal dimension, anterior restorations were made using a mycrohibrid resin composite with different color aspects for an optimal stratification. RESULTS The restorations achieved an aesthetic configuration with ideal function as the final result and the occlusion showed a satisfactory stability for a provisional removable partial dentures. CONCLUSION This article presents an anterior direct rehabilitation approach not only as an alternative option, but also as viable and less expensive treatment option with an optimally aesthetic and functional result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M C Humel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ghasemi A, Torabzadeh H, Mahdian M, Afkar M, Fazeli A, Akbarzadeh Baghban A. Effect of bonding application time on the microleakage of Class V sandwich restorations. Aust Dent J 2012; 57:334-8. [PMID: 22924357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the effect of bonding application time on the microleakage of Class V sandwich restorations. METHODS Eighty non-carious third molars were randomly divided into 16 groups. Two Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of teeth. Three groups were restored with Fuji II GIC and treated with a total-etch bonding system (Stea/SDI) immediately after insertion, at 7 minutes and 15 minutes after mixing the glass ionomer cements (GICs). Another three groups were restored with Riva Self Cure GIC and treated with the total-etch system identically. The other six groups were subjected to self-etching bonding (Frog/SDI) after GIC placement in an identical procedure. The remaining groups were made using light cure GICs (Fuji II or Riva Light Cure) in conjunction with the total-etch or self-etching systems. Cavities were then restored with composite (Valux plus, 3M/ESPE). Samples were subsequently immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 48 hours and observed under a stereomicroscope after sectioning. Four-scale grading was used to assess microleakage in occlusal and gingival walls. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS The self-etching bonding system exhibited more microleakage in occlusal margins regardless of time. Over time, microleakage significantly decreased in gingival margins in all self-cure groups except for Riva Self Cure treated with the total-etch system (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Bonding application time had no effect on the microleakage of occlusal margins. However, maturation of GICs induced a decreased microleakage in gingival margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghasemi
- Iran Center for Dental Research and Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Deliperi S. Functional and Aesthetic Guidelines for Stress-Reduced Direct Posterior Composite Restorations. Oper Dent 2012; 37:425-31. [PMID: 22816500 DOI: 10.2341/11-082-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Amalgam has been used in the restoration of structurally compromised posterior teeth for many years. When placing large amalgam restorations, replacement of weak cusps with restorative material is recommended to prevent tooth fracture. This recommendation can be modified with new guidelines using modern adhesive techniques. Semidirect and indirect inlay/onlay composite restorations have progressively replaced amalgam restorations over the past 20 years. Lately, single visit direct resin-bonded composite (RBC) restorations have also been used as a viable alternative to conventional indirect restorations. This paper is intended to introduce a step-by-step protocol for the direct restoration of structurally compromised posterior teeth using RBCs with stress-reducing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deliperi
- Tufts University, Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Boston, MA, USA.
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Chen L, Xu C, Wang Y, Shi J, Yu Q, Li H. BisGMA/TEGDMA dental nanocomposites containing glyoxylic acid-modified high-aspect ratio hydroxyapatite nanofibers with enhanced dispersion. Biomed Mater 2012; 7:045014. [PMID: 22689264 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/7/4/045014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of the glyoxylic acid (GA) modification of hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanofibers on their dispersion in bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA)/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) dental composites and also to investigate the mechanical properties, water absorption and water solubility of the resulting dental resins and composites. Scanning/transmission electron microscopy images showed that microsized HAP nanofiber bundles could be effectively broken down into individual HAP nanofibers with an average length of ∼15 µm after the surface modification process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis characterization confirmed that GA was chemically grafted on the HAP nanofiber surface, hypothetically by reacting with the amine group on the HAP nanofiber surface. The enhanced dispersion of HAP nanofibers in the dental matrix led to increased biaxial flexural strength (BFS) compared with the corresponding dental resins and composites filled with untreated HAP nanofibers. In addition, impregnation of small mass fractions of the GA-modified HAP nanofibers into the BisGMA/TEGDMA dental resins (5 wt%, 10 wt%) or composites (2 wt%, 3 wt%) could also substantially improve the BFS in comparison with the controls (pure resins or dental composites filled with silica particles alone). Larger mass fractions could not increase the mechanical property further or even degraded the BFS values. Water behavior testing results indicated that the addition of the GA-modified HAP nanofibers resulted in higher water absorption and water solubility values, which are not preferred for clinical application. In summary, well-dispersed HAP nanofibers and their dental composites with enhanced mechanical properties have been successfully fabricated, but the water absorption and water solubility of such dental composites need to be further improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Deliperi S, Bardwell DN, Alleman D. Clinical Evaluation of Stress-reducing Direct Composite Restorations in Structurally Compromised Molars: A 2-year Report. Oper Dent 2012; 37:109-16. [DOI: 10.2341/10-299-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective
To evaluate the clinical performance of class II large-size direct composite restorations.
Materials and Methods
Fifty (50) patients 18 years or older were included in this clinical trial restoring 75 vital molar teeth with large-size cavities.
Inclusion Criteria
Occlusal extension greater than two-thirds the intercuspal distance and proximal extension greater than half the distance between line angles. Teeth with residual cavity walls less than 1 mm and with one or more cusps involved were excluded. Teeth were randomly divided in three groups. Group 1: Opti-Bond FL; group 2: Scotchbond 1 XT; group 3: PQ1. Total-etching was performed using 35% phosphoric acid followed by the application of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in the three groups. All teeth were restored using Vit-l-escence microhybrid composite resin. The proximal surface was built up first, followed by dentin and enamel occlusal surface stratification; wedge-shaped increments of composite resin were placed and cured using the UltraLume V curing light through a combination of pulse and progressive curing techniques.
Results
Restorations were evaluated at six-month intervals during the two-year period using a modified US Public Health Service criteria by two independent evaluators precalibrated at 85% reliability. No failures were reported and α scores were recorded for all parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using a χ2 test and the Fisher exact test (χ2=10.6; p=0.001). No teeth exhibited sensitivity in the three groups both at the two-week recall and two-year follow-up.
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Frauscher KE, Ilie N. Depth of cure and mechanical properties of nano-hybrid resin-based composites with novel and conventional matrix formulation. Clin Oral Investig 2011; 16:1425-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-011-0647-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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50
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Choudhary N, Kamat S, Mangala T, Thomas M. Effect of pre-heating composite resin on gap formation at three different temperatures. J Conserv Dent 2011; 14:191-5. [PMID: 21814365 PMCID: PMC3146116 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.82618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study aims to evaluate and compare total gap surface area formed after restoration of class II cavities with Filtek Z350 and P60 at room temperature, 37°C and 54°C. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted maxillary and mandibular molars were taken and divided into six groups of five teeth each. Standardized class II cavities were made and were restored with Filtek Z350 and P60, both at room temperature, 37°C and 54°C. Group 1(a) was restored with Filtek Z350 at room temperature, Group 1(b) with Filtek Z350 at 37°C and Group 1(c) with Filtek Z350 at 54°C. Group 2(a) was restored with P60 at room temperature, Group 2(b) with P60 at 37°C and Group 2(c) with P60 at 54°C. After storing the samples in distilled water at room temperature for 48 hours, longitudinal sectioning was done to obtain tooth restoration interface. The interfaces were then examined under compound light microscope with digital output and analyzed using Image J analysis software. Results: The results demonstrated better adaptation and less total gap area formation at 54°C as compared to room temperature and 37°C. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that use of P60 is better suited for posterior restorations at 54°C as compared to Filtek Z350 universal nanohybrid at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilabh Choudhary
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PMNM Dental College, Bagalkot, Karnataka - 587 101, India
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