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Trandafir LM, Spoiala EL, Ghiga G, Gimiga N, Budescu PD, Lupu VV, Butnariu L, Cojocaru E, Paduraru G. Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases-From Expectations to Reality. J Pers Med 2024; 14:399. [PMID: 38673026 PMCID: PMC11051136 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral infections have always been considered a threat to global health, with numerous outbreaks across time. Despite the relative recent experience with coronavirus-associated diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome-2's (SARS-CoV-2) continuous evolution displays a different behavior. With a tropism for both respiratory and digestive mucosa, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) seem to share a particular common background. Current literature offers evidence that viral alteration of the immune system, inflammatory intestinal tissue damage, increased intestinal permeability, incomplete viral clearance with viral antigen persistence, and intestinal dysbiosis, might explain SARS-CoV-2-IBD relationship in terms of etiopathogenesis and evolution. The hyperinflammatory state that both entities have in common explains the lack of success of current IBD therapy, raising the need for new personalized therapeutic options, with better outcomes for IBD and COVID-19 as well. This review aims to summarize the current available data on pediatric IBD evolution, management, and outcomes in the post-COVID period, with an emphasis on the particular aspects of the SARS-CoV-2-IBD relationship in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Elena Lia Spoiala
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriela Ghiga
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Nicoleta Gimiga
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Paula-Diana Budescu
- Saint Mary Children Hospital, Vasile Lupu Street, no 62-64, 700309 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
| | - Lacramioara Butnariu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Paduraru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (L.M.T.); (E.L.S.); (V.V.L.); (G.P.)
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Shimada T, Takada J, Baba A, Iwashita M, Hayashi T, Maeda T, Shimizu M. An Elderly Patient Developed Ulcerative Colitis after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Intern Med 2024; 63:809-814. [PMID: 38171875 PMCID: PMC11009001 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2891-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An 86-year-old man presented to our hospital with symptoms of diarrhea and bloody stool, which had manifested two weeks after receiving his third severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 mRNA vaccination. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse, rough-surfaced mucosa extending from the ascending colon to the rectum. Despite attempting probiotic treatment, the patient's condition did not improve, leading to admission. Endoscopic findings at admission worsened. Based on endoscopic and histopathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Corticosteroids and 5-aminosalicylic acid were administered, and the clinical symptoms improved. Subsequently, the disease worsened during steroid tapering, and filgotinib was added, leading to steroid-free remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Shimada
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Gifu Koseiren Gifu/Seino Medical Center Nishimino Kosei Hospital, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Jun Takada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Atsushi Baba
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Gifu Koseiren Gifu/Seino Medical Center Nishimino Kosei Hospital, Japan
| | - Masahide Iwashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Gifu Koseiren Gifu/Seino Medical Center Nishimino Kosei Hospital, Japan
| | - Takao Hayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Gifu Koseiren Gifu/Seino Medical Center Nishimino Kosei Hospital, Japan
| | - Teruo Maeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, JA Gifu Koseiren Gifu/Seino Medical Center Nishimino Kosei Hospital, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Masuta Y, Minaga K, Otsuka Y, Okai N, Hara A, Masaki S, Nagai T, Honjo H, Kudo M, Watanabe T. Cytokine and chemokine profiles in ulcerative colitis relapse after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 74:127-135. [PMID: 38510687 PMCID: PMC10948343 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are highly effective; however, vaccine-related adverse events, including autoimmunity, have been reported. Case reports describing relapse or new-onset of ulcerative colitis (UC) after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination are available. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of colonic inflammation associated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccination are poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unclear whether the relapse of UC after COVID-19 vaccination is driven by unique cytokine responses that differ from those of UC not associated with vaccination. mRNAs derived from COVID-19 vaccines are potent inducers of type I IFN response. We encountered three cases of UC relapse after COVID-19 vaccination. mRNA expressions of IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-1β, and IL-12/23p40 showed higher tendency in the colonic mucosa of patients with UC associated with vaccination compared with those not associated with vaccination. In contrast, the expressions of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) and CXCL10 were comparable. Immunofluorescence analyses also showed higher expression of IFN-α in the colonic mucosa of patients with UC associated with COVID-19 vaccination than in those not associated with vaccination. Taken together, these data suggest that the colonic mucosa of patients with UC who relapsed after COVID-19 vaccination was characterized by enhanced type I IFN responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Masuta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minaga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuo Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Natsuki Okai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Akane Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Sho Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nagai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hajime Honjo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
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Kuo HL, Lin TY, Leong PY. Case report of new-onset ulcerative colitis after MVC-COVI1901 vaccine injection for SARS-CoV-2. Int J Rheum Dis 2023. [PMID: 36876751 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
A 23-year-old man suffered from diarrhea after receiving the MVC-COVI1901 vaccine. The patient then presented to our emergency department due to swelling and pain in his right knee. Synovial effusion studies of the right knee revealed inflammation. Gram and acid-fast stains reported negative results and no crystals were found under a polarized light microscope. During his hospitalization, the patient underwent a colonoscopy and computed tomography (CT) due to bloody stool. Pancolitis was suspected under colonoscopy and an abdominal CT scan supported our diagnosis showing wall thickening and mucosal enhancement. Pathology showed distorted crypt architecture and acute cryptitis with abscesses. After excluding other causes of ulcerative colitis (UC), the patient was diagnosed with MVC-COV1901 vaccine-related UC and inflammatory bowel disease arthropathy. Subsequent presentation of UC and inflammatory bowel disease-related arthropathy after receiving the MVC-COVI1901 vaccine has not previously been reported. We speculate that the pathogenesis could be correlated to the vaccine's components (spike protein S-2P adjuvanted with CpG 1018 and aluminum hydroxide) through the combination of 2 effects: the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 by S-2P, and the activation of TLR9 and expression of interleukin-13 by CpG-1018 adjuvant. In conclusion, it is remarkable that the MVC-COVI1901 vaccine may lead to the incidence of autoinflammatory diseases such as UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Li Kuo
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting Yu Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pui-Ying Leong
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Nadi A, Ghalim F, Delsa H. Management of Ulcerative Colitis Flare-Ups in the Era of COVID-19. Cureus 2022; 14:e32153. [PMID: 36601162 PMCID: PMC9807085 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) whose management depends on its severity, localization, and course. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made the management of this disease more difficult, as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) routinely causes respiratory infection, but can also target the gastrointestinal tract. Multiple cases of de novo IBD, IBD flare-ups, and colitis have been associated with COVID-19 infection. We present the case of two patients, with a history of UC, who presented respectively a mild and a severe flare-up of their disease associated with COVID-19 infection. Regardless of recommendations, we decided to optimize the patient's treatment and obtained good clinical, biological, and endoscopic results. This report on the two cases suggests that remaining cautious and optimizing can be a good therapeutic alternative for these patients rather than modifying the treatment.
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