Prediction scale of response to liraglutide therapy as the method for increase of treatment efficacy in type 2 diabetes

Background:

The effects of liraglutide on body weight and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level vary greatly. The cost of this drug negatively affects treatment adherence.

Aim:

To reveal the baseline patient characteristics, associated with a better response to liraglutide.

Materials and methods:

A total of 41 patients with BMI of 39.63 ± 7.59 kg/m² who received liraglutide injection up to 1.8 or 3.0 mg/day for 6 months were enrolled. Demographic and anthropometric data, parameters of glycemic control, food intake, hormones and responses to the eating behavior questionnaire were collected.

Results:

Weight reduction was dose-dependent (p = 0.007). Liraglutide was not effective in patients with BMI >45 kg/m². The baseline HbA1c level was a significant factor for HbA1c reduction. Lower leptin and higher glucagon-like-peptide 1 concentrations might predict better weight loss response to liraglutide.

Conclusion:

Drug-specific efficacy predictors were assumed; thus, further studies are needed to prove their significance.

The objective of this study was to identify the baseline patient characteristics as a predictors associated with a better response to liraglutide. It is related to different effect of liraglutide on body weight and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in different patients. We found that weight reduction was dose-dependent (p = 0.007) and liraglutide was not effective in patients with BMI >45 kg/m². The baseline HbA1c level significantly correlated with HbA1c reduction. Lower leptin and higher glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations might predict better weight loss response to liraglutide.

Differential indication for SGLT-2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with established atherosclerotic heart disease or at risk for congestive heart failure

SGLT-2 inhibitors and most GLP-1 receptor agonists demonstrated cardiovascular superiority and reduction of cardiovascular and overall mortality. These results stand as a turning point in the management of diabetes, shifting the focus from controlling glucose levels to mastering the extra-glycemic effects of these new drugs. This narrative review will discuss recent CVOT with focus on SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists to distinguish relevant patients' characteristics as potential predictors for therapeutic efficacy. It will also examine their efficacy and safety, the differences in their cardiovascular and renal benefits, aiming to convey clinical suggestions for everyday practice.