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Mei R, Wan Z, Yang C, Shen X, Wang R, Zhang H, Yang R, Li J, Song Y, Su H. Advances and clinical challenges of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421854. [PMID: 39100671 PMCID: PMC11294097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cell therapy has provided desirable properties for promising new drugs. Mesenchymal stem cells are promising candidates for developing genetic engineering and drug delivery strategies due to their inherent properties, including immune regulation, homing ability and tumor tropism. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells is being investigated for cancer therapy, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, among others. Mesenchymal stem cells are attractive cellular carriers for synthetic nanoparticles for drug delivery due to their inherent homing ability. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the various genetic and non-genetic strategies of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in drug delivery, tumor therapy, immune regulation, tissue regeneration and other fields. In addition, we discuss the current limitations of stem cell therapy and the challenges in clinical translation, aiming to identify important development areas and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyan Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhuo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangjing Shen
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ronglin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haichuan Su
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Mesenchyme Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium as a Potential Therapeutic Tool in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092298. [PMID: 36140399 PMCID: PMC9496127 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchyme Stem Cells (MSCs) are the most used types of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Regenerative medicine is a rapidly emerging medicine section that creates new methods to regrow, restore, and replace diseased and damaged tissues, organs, and cells. Scholars have shown a positive correlation between MSCs-based therapies and successful treatment of diseases like cardiac ischemia, cartilage problems, bone diseases, diabetes, and even neurological disorders. Although MSCs have several varying features that make them unique, their immuno-regulatory effects in tissue repair emerge from their secretion of paracrine growth factors, exosomes, and cytokines. These cells secrete a secretome, which has regenerative and reparative properties that lead to injury amelioration, immune modulation, or fibrosis reduction. Recent studies have shown that the administration MCSs derived conditioned medium (MSCs-CM) in acute doses in humans is safe and well-tolerated. Studies from animal models and human clinical trials have also shown that they are efficacious tools in regenerative medicine. In this review, we will explore the therapeutic potential of MSCs-CM in pulmonary fibrosis, with further insight into the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF).
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Li Z, Gan H, Liang A, Wang X, Hu X, Liang P, Xu G, Huang Q, Li J, Li H. Promoting repair of highly purified stromal vascular fraction gel combined with advanced platelet-rich fibrin extract for irradiated skin and soft tissue injury. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:933. [PMID: 36172108 PMCID: PMC9511193 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effect of highly purified stromal vascular fraction gel (SVFG) combined with advanced platelet-rich fibrin extract (APRFE) in treatment of irradiated skin and soft tissue injury. Methods The subcutaneous fat and whole blood of 4 rabbits were collected to isolate the SVFG and APRFE, respectively. Forty-eight rabbits were divided into 4 groups to prepare irradiated skin injury models with 25 Gy for 24 hours; corresponding dose were performed subcutaneously injected into wounds. In group A, the rabbits were treated with 0.3 mL APRFE combined with 1 mL SVFG. In group B, the rabbits were treated with 1 mL SVFG. In group C, the rabbits were treated with 0.3 mL APRFE, and group D was treated with 1 mL normal saline. The wound healing was detected on the 2, 5, 9 and 14 d after intervention. The wounds tissue was cut for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining to observe the structure and Masson staining to observe the collagen content. The expression of CD31 in each group was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), the protein and mRNA levels of K19, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were detected respectively by Western blot (WB) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on 7, 14 and 28 d after intervention. Results It is revealed that wound healing rates from 5 to 14 d in group A was significantly higher than that of control. The wounds healing rates in group B and C were significantly higher than that of control after 12 d. Masson staining results showed that the collagen content in group A was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups on the 7, 14 and 28 d. The results of IHC showed that the expression of CD31 in group A was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups on 7, 14 and 28 d. WB and RT-PCR results showed that relative expression levels of K19, HIF-1α, VEGF, IL-10 in group A were significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups on 7, 14 and 28 d. However, the relative expression levels of IL-8 in group A was significantly lower than that of the other 3 groups on 7, 14 and 28 d. Conclusions SVFG combined with APRFE can promote the repair of irradiated skin and soft tissue injury by accelerating angiogenesis, promoting collagen synthesis and reducing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Huimin Gan
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Anru Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Kangjiu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohao Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guoding Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qianwen Huang
- Nanning Wilking Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanning, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Institute of Hospital Management and Medical Prevention Collaborative Innovation, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Hongmian Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
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Filidou E, Kandilogiannakis L, Tarapatzi G, Spathakis M, Steiropoulos P, Mikroulis D, Arvanitidis K, Paspaliaris V, Kolios G. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Immortalized Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium on Human Lung Myofibroblasts and Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094570. [PMID: 35562961 PMCID: PMC9102072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is caused by progressive lung tissue impairment due to extended chronic fibrosis, and it has no known effective treatment. The use of conditioned media (CM) from an immortalized human adipose mesenchymal stem cell line could be a promising therapeutic strategy, as it can reduce both fibrotic and inflammatory responses. We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effect of CM on human pulmonary subepithelial myofibroblasts (hPSM) and on A549 pulmonary epithelial cells, treated with pro-inflammatory or pro-fibrotic mediators. CM inhibited the proinflammatory cytokine-induced mRNA and protein production of various chemokines in both hPSMs and A549 cells. It also downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-1α, but upregulated IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA production in both cell types. CM downregulated the pro-fibrotic-induced mRNA expression of collagen Type III and the migration rate of hPSMs, but upregulated fibronectin mRNA production and the total protein collagen secretion. CM's direct effect on the chemotaxis and cell recruitment of immune-associated cells, and its indirect effect on fibrosis through the significant decrease in the migration capacity of hPSMs, makes it a plausible candidate for further development towards a therapeutic treatment for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Filidou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Leonidas Kandilogiannakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Gesthimani Tarapatzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Michail Spathakis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Mikroulis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Arvanitidis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
| | - Vasilis Paspaliaris
- Vasilis Paspaliaris, Tithon Biotech Inc., 11440 West Bernardo Court, Suite 300, San Diego, CA 92127, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +1-88-8780-2639
| | - George Kolios
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (E.F.); (L.K.); (G.T.); (M.S.); (K.A.); (G.K.)
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Vasse GF, Van Os L, De Jager M, Jonker MR, Borghuis T, Van Den Toorn LT, Jellema P, White ES, Van Rijn P, Harmsen MC, Heijink IH, Melgert BN, Burgess JK. Adipose Stromal Cell-Secretome Counteracts Profibrotic Signals From IPF Lung Matrices. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:669037. [PMID: 34393771 PMCID: PMC8355988 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung disease characterized by excess deposition and altered structure of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the lungs. The fibrotic ECM is paramount in directing resident cells toward a profibrotic phenotype. Collagens, an important part of the fibrotic ECM, have been shown to be structurally different in IPF. To further understand the disease to develop better treatments, the signals from the ECM that drive fibrosis need to be identified. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cell conditioned medium (ASC-CM) has demonstrated antifibrotic effects in animal studies but has not been tested in human samples yet. In this study, the collagen structural integrity in (fibrotic) lung tissue, its interactions with fibroblasts and effects of ASC-CM treatment hereon were studied. Methods: Native and decellularized lung tissue from patients with IPF and controls were stained for denatured collagen using a collagen hybridizing peptide. Primary lung fibroblasts were seeded into decellularized matrices from IPF and control subjects and cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of ASC-CM. Reseeded matrices were fixed, stained and analyzed for total tissue deposition and specific protein expression. Results: In both native and decellularized lung tissue, more denatured collagen was observed in IPF tissue compared to control tissue. Upon recellularization with fibroblasts, the presence of denatured collagen was equalized in IPF and control matrices, whereas total ECM was higher in IPF matrices than in the control. Treatment with ASC-CM resulted in less ECM deposition, but did not alter the levels of denatured collagen. Discussion: Our data showed that ASC-CM can inhibit fibrotic ECM-induced profibrotic behavior of fibroblasts. This process was independent of collagen structural integrity. Our findings open up new avenues for ASC-CM to be explored as treatment for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenda F. Vasse
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lisette Van Os
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marina De Jager
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marnix R. Jonker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - L. Tim Van Den Toorn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Pytrick Jellema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Eric S. White
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Patrick Van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martin C. Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Barbro N. Melgert
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute for Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
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Xu HK, Chen LJ, Zhou SN, Li YF, Xiang C. Multifunctional role of microRNAs in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in treatment of diseases. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1276-1294. [PMID: 33312398 PMCID: PMC7705472 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells can be replaced by exosomes for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, injury repair, degenerative diseases, and tumors. Exosomes are small vesicles rich in a variety of nucleic acids [including messenger RNA, Long non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), and circular RNA], proteins, and lipids. Exosomes can be secreted by most cells in the human body and are known to play a key role in the communication of information and material transport between cells. Like exosomes, miRNAs were neglected before their role in various activities of organisms was discovered. Several studies have confirmed that miRNAs play a vital role within exosomes. This review focuses on the specific role of miRNAs in MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) and the methods commonly used by researchers to study miRNAs in exosomes. Taken together, miRNAs from MSC-exosomes display immense potential and practical value, both in basic medicine and future clinical applications, in treating several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Kang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Si-Ning Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Charlie Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Deffune E, Prudenciatti A, Moroz A. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSc) secretome: A possible therapeutic strategy for intensive-care COVID-19 patients. Med Hypotheses 2020; 142:109769. [PMID: 32371362 PMCID: PMC7252028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging global health challenge, COVID-19 requires international knowledge to reach novel possible therapeutic strategies, especially for intensive-care patients. During the early stages of infection, pneumocytes II are the primary infected cells, harming the respiratory system. We have previous evidence in murine models that MSc's secretome can be used to treat pulmonary injuries induced with bleomycin, due to its content: growth factors, extracellular vesicles, and exosomes. We hypothesize and strongly recommend MSc secretome testing and production, in xenofree conditions, to be used as an alternative approach in SARS-Cov-2 patients in critical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenice Deffune
- São Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Aruã Prudenciatti
- São Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrei Moroz
- São Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Medical School, Blood Transfusion Center, Cell Engineering Lab, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State Univ UNESP, Araraquara School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis Laboratory of Monoclonal Antibodies, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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