IL-8 gene polymorphism in acute biliary and non biliary pancreatitis: probable cause of high level parameters?

Interleukins: pathophysiological role in acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common inflammatory state characterized by a clinical course that can lead to serious local and extrapancreatic organ malfunction and failure. Interleukins (ILs) are biologically active glycoproteins primarily produced by macrophages and lymphocytes. According to the literature, there are many ILs. However, this article represents a summary of the role of ILs in AP, such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-14, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-19, and IL-20. The ways to modulate IL activity to reduce inflammation and improve outcomes in individuals with this condition are under investigation. Drugs that target specific ILs might be developed to mitigate the effects of AP.

IL-10-1082G>A polymorphism, use of opioids and age affect the course of acute pancreatitis

PURPOSE

We aimed to determine the association of two of the most important functional polymorphisms of IL-8 and IL-10 with the clinical course and outcome of acute pancreatitis.

METHOD

Ninety-three patients with acute pancreatitis were genotyped for IL-8-251T>A and IL-10-1082G>A using PCR-RFLP. The severity of the disease was determined based on the Atlanta Classification system.

RESULTS

In patients treated with opioids, the odds for severe form of acute pancreatitis, its complications, and death were increased. Advanced age was associated with higher odds of organ/multiple organ failure and other systemic complications. Multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed the observed effect of age and use of opioids, and revealed higher odds for the development of severe form of acute pancreatitis [P = 0.017, odds ratio (OR): 4.324, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.305-14.323], its complications in general (P = 0.011, OR: 4.936, 95% CI: 1.442-16.897), pancreatic necrosis (P = 0.032, OR: 3.922, 95% CI: 1.122-13.707) and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (P = 0.037, OR: 3.838, 95% CI: 1.085-13.583) in the absence of IL-10-1082G>A variant allele. The effect of IL-8 -251T>A on acute pancreatitis severity or mortality was not detected.

CONCLUSION

Our study suggests the IL-10 -1082A allele as a protective factor in acute pancreatitis. Opioid analgesics treatment in acute pancreatitis is associated with severity, complications and mortality, while advanced age increases the risk of systemic complications.

Weak association between the interleukin-8 rs4073 polymorphism and acute pancreatitis: a cumulative meta-analysis

Background

Several studies have been performed to investigate the associations between interleukin (IL)-8 rs4073 polymorphism and acute pancreatitis (AP), but the results are inconclusive. We conducted this cumulative meta-analysis for a precise estimate of the relationship between IL-8 rs4073 polymorphism and acute pancreatitis.

Methods

We searched the electronic databases for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the associations. For a better presentation of how the pooled ORs changed as updated evidence accumulated, we used forest plots from a cumulative meta-analysis method.

Results

Ten studies involving 1646 AP patients and 1816 controls were finally included in this meta-analysis. Cumulative meta-analyses indicated there is a consistent trend toward association after the initial discovery. Under the allelic, dominant, recessive and homozygous models, the pooled ORs were 1.265 (1.147–1.395, p < 0.001), 1.304 (1.127–1.508, p < 0.001), 1.431 (1.203–1.702, p < 0.001), and 1.634 (1.334–2.001, p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis demonstrated a suggestive result that people who carried the risk A allele of the IL-8 rs4073 polymorphism may be more sensitive to acute pancreatitis.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-019-0861-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Gene polymorphisms in the interleukins gene and the risk of acute pancreatitis: A meta-analysis

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the interleukins (IL) gene may affect the risk of acute pancreatitis. Many epidemiological studies have reported an association between the IL gene and acute pancreatitis risk, but the results remain inconsistent. Given the controversial available data, we carried out a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate and clarify the association between IL gene polymorphisms and AP. A systematic search of studies for this association was obtained from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases until June 1, 2017. We also searched the references of the included studies to identify additional studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to pool the effect size. Stata12.0 was used for whole statistical analysis. Fifteen studies that contained 3371 AP cases and 3506 controls were included in final combination. Overall, a significant association was found between the IL-8-251 T/A (rs4073) polymorphism, the IL-10-1082 A/G (rs1800896) polymorphism and the AP risk in four genetic models (homozygote model, recessive model, dominant model, allele model). Meanwhile, individuals with IL-1β+3954 C/T (rs1143634, (homozygote model, recessive model)), IL-1β -511 C/T (rs16944, (dominant model)) and IL-6-634C/G (rs1800796, (allele model)) polymorphism were associated with an increased risk of AP. No evidence of an association was found between IL and 10-592 C/A (rs1800872) and IL-10-819 C/T (rs1800871) polymorphism and AP risk.

Association of IL-8-251A/T polymorphism with acute pancreatitis susceptibility: A meta-analysis

AIM

To systematically evaluate the association between the rs4073 (-251A/T) polymorphism in the interleukin-18 (IL-18) gene promoter and susceptibility to acute pancreatitis (AP).

METHODS

According to the retrieval strategy, studies about IL-8-251A/T polymorphism and AP were selected from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP electronic databases up to June 2017. We conducted a systematic analysis and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the polymorphism and AP risk based on the currently available evidence of the literature, including allele genetic model, heterozygous, homozygous, dominant, and recessive genetic models.

RESULTS

A total of eight studies involving 1190 cases and 1369 controls were finally included. We found that the T allele of the IL-8-251A/T polymorphism significantly decreased AP risk (OR = 0.770, 95%CI: 0.686-0.865, P < 0.001). The IL-8-251A/T polymorphism was significantly associated with genetic susceptibility to AP under all genetic models (homozygous: OR = 0.543, 95%CI: 0.368-0.799, P < 0.001; heterozygous: OR = 0.755, 95%CI: 0.602-0.947, P = 0.015; dominant: OR = 0.676, 95%CI: 0.547-0.835, P < 0.001; recessive: OR = 0.738, 95%CI: 0.623-0.873, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The present meta-analysis suggests that the IL-8-251A/T polymorphism might be a protective factor for genetic susceptibility to AP.