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Yue Z, Zhu Y, Chen T, Feng T, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Zhang N, Yang J, Luo G, Wang Z. Bletilla striata polysaccharide-coated andrographolide nanomicelles for targeted drug delivery to enhance anti-colon cancer efficacy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380229. [PMID: 38911867 PMCID: PMC11190162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin E, which is also known as tocopherol, is a compound with a polyphenol structure. Its esterified derivative, Vitamin E succinate (VES), exhibits unique anticancer and healthcare functions as well as immunomodulatory effects. Natural polysaccharides are proved to be a promising material for nano-drug delivery systems, which show excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this study, we employed a novel bletilla striata polysaccharide-vitamin E succinate polymer (BSP-VES) micelles to enhance the tumor targeting and anti-colon cancer effect of andrographolide (AG). Methods BSP-VES polymer was synthesized through esterification and its structure was confirmed using 1H NMR. AG@BSP-VES was prepared via the dialysis method and the drug loading, entrapment efficiency, stability, and safety were assessed. Furthermore, the tumor targeting ability of AG@BSP-VES was evaluated through targeted cell uptake and in vivo imaging. The antitumor activity of AG@BSP-VES was measured in vitro using MTT assay, Live&Dead cell staining, and cell scratch test. Results In this study, we successfully loaded AG into BSP-VES micelles (AG@BSP-VES), which exhibited good stability, biosafety and sustained release effect. In addition, AG@BSP-VES also showed excellent internalization capability into CT26 cells compared with NCM460 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the specific delivery of AG@BSP-VES micelles into subcutaneous and in-situ colon tumors was observed compared with normal colon tissues in vivo during the whole experiment process (1-24 h). What's more, AG@BSP-VES micelles exhibited significant antitumor activities than BSP-VES micelles and free AG. Conclusion The study provides a meaningful new idea and method for application in drug delivery system and targeted treatment of colon cancer based on natural polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqun Yue
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Teng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zuhua Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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Chen X, Chen C, He R, Huang Y, Wang Y. UBXN11 Predicts as a Poor Index for Colorectal Cancer and Contributes to the Tumorigenesis by Activating NF-κB Signaling. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:2074-2082. [PMID: 38622461 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and progression remain poorly understood. This study endeavors to unravel the role of UBXN11within the context of CRC. METHODS UBXN11 expression level in CRC, stomach adenocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma, and the overall survival in corresponding cancers were analyzed using UALCAN database. Human CRC cell lines and xenograft mouse model with UBXN11 overexpression were established to investigate the pathological role of UBXN11 in CRC progression. Luciferase assay, qPCR, and Western blot were performed to dissect the interaction between UBXN11 and NF-κB signaling. RESULTS Heightened UBXN11 expression was observed in various digestive tract tumors, which was positively correlated with the reduced overall survival rates in CRC patients. Overexpression of UBXN11 significantly enhanced CRC cell proliferation in vitro and promoted tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, UBXN11 promoted CRC tumorigenesis through increasing the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the pivotal role of UBXN11 in CRC progression and paves the way for novel therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Chen
- Endoscopy Center, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Changxin Chen
- Endoscopy Center, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Rensong He
- Endoscopy Center, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yisen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 250 East Street, Licheng District, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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Yu R, Sun M, Xia S, Zhang L. Effects of ESPCS mode nursing on the surgical tolerance, gastrointestinal tract recovery and self‑management efficacy of patients with colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:247. [PMID: 38638842 PMCID: PMC11024732 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignant tumor. In addition to conventional treatment, thoughtful and comprehensive aftercare should be given to patients. The present study aimed to explore the effects of explain-simulate-practice-communication-support (ESPCS) model nursing on the surgical tolerance, gastrointestinal recovery and self-management efficacy of patients with colon cancer. The clinical data of 136 patients with colon cancer diagnosed and treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China) from June 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and a total of 84 patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 42 patients who underwent conventional nursing were included in the conventional nursing group and 42 patients who underwent ESPCS model nursing were included in the ESPCS model nursing group. Surgical tolerance, gastrointestinal recovery, self-management efficacy (Cancer Self-Management Efficacy Scale), quality of life (Comprehensive Quality of Life Inventory-74) and nursing satisfaction were analyzed. Slightly higher proportions of excellent and good surgical tolerance were found in the ESPCS model nursing group (97.62%) compared with those in the conventional nursing group (85.71%); however, no significant difference was shown (P>0.05). Compared with the conventional nursing group, the time needed for gastric tube removal, bowel sound recovery, anal exhaust, first defecation, general food intake and the time until getting out of bed was significantly shorter in the ESPS model nursing group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, no statistically significant difference was found between the indicators in the Cancer Self-Management Efficacy Scale of the two groups (all P>0.05). After the intervention, the ESPCS model nursing group had significantly higher scores for positive attitude, stress relief and self-determination than the conventional nursing group (all P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the indicators of CQOLI-74 between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the ESPCS model nursing group also had significantly higher scores for social function, psychological function, life state and somatic function compared with the conventional nursing group (all P<0.05). Higher satisfaction of patients was found in the ESPCS mode group (95.24%) compared with that in the conventional nursing group (78.57%) (P<0.05). Overall, ESPCS mode nursing could effectively elevate the surgical tolerance of patients with colon cancer, promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, increase self-management efficacy, and improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction, which is certainly worthy of clinical promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Sun
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Shuli Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Lee SM, Oh H. RAS/RAF mutations and microsatellite instability status in primary colorectal cancers according to HER2 amplification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11432. [PMID: 38763942 PMCID: PMC11102903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
HER2 amplification-associated molecular alterations and clinicopathologic features in colorectal cancers (CRCs) have not been well established. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of HER2 amplification and microsatellite instability (MSI) status of 992 patients with primary CRC. In addition, molecular alterations of HER2 amplified and unamplified CRCs were examined and compared by next-generation sequencing. HER2 amplifications were found in 41 (4.1%) of 992 primary CRCs. HER2 amplification was identified in 1.0% of the right colonic tumors, 5.1% of the left colonic tumors, and 4.8% of the rectal tumors. Approximately 95% of HER2 amplification was observed in the left colon and rectum. Seven (87.5%) of eight metastatic tumors showed HER2 amplification. Most clinicopathologic features were unrelated to HER2 amplification except tumor size and MSI status. All 41 HER2 amplified CRCs were microsatellite stable. In a molecular analysis of frequently identified somatic mutations in CRCs, HER2 amplified CRCs showed a lower rate of KRAS mutations (24.4%) but a higher rate of TP53 mutations (83%) than unamplified CRCs. No BRAF and NRAS mutations were identified in HER2 amplified CRCs. Our study suggests that HER2 amplified CRCs are mutually exclusive of MSI and harbor less frequent KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations but frequent T53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 350 W. 11th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju-si, South Korea.
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju-si, South Korea
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Wu Q, Song M, Luo S, Guo L, Zhang Q, Kwok HF. Unveil the mechanism for EHMT -- A novel triterpenoid inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer through ROS-mediated JNK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116469. [PMID: 38520870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, trailing only lung and breast cancer in incidence. Despite the availability of numerous therapeutic strategies, the burden of new cases and fatalities remains high in countries undergoing socioeconomic transitions. Natural products offer promising avenues for developing more effective and less toxic anticancer agents, expanding the clinical arsenal. In this investigation, we isolated a triterpenoid, (21 S,23 R,24 R)-21,23-epoxy-24-hydroxy-21-methoxytirucalla-7,25-dien-3-one (EHMT), from the fruits of Melia azedarach L., which exhibited significant inhibitory activity against colon cancer cells while sparing normal cells. EHMT effectively curtailed colony formation and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, EHMT prompted the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. Notably, EHMT treatment triggered ROS-mediated cell apoptosis via activation of the JNK signaling pathway in HCT116 cells. Additionally, our findings extended to Caenorhabditis elegans, where EHMT induced ROS accumulation and apoptosis. Collectively, these findings position EHMT as a promising candidate for the development of anticancer agents in the treatment of colon cancer, offering new hope in the battle against this formidable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushuang Wu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Siyuan Luo
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Libin Guo
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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Ogurchenok NE, Khalin KD, Bryukhovetskiy IS. Chemoprophylaxis of precancerous lesions in patients who are at a high risk of developing colorectal cancer (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:25. [PMID: 38628384 PMCID: PMC11019464 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The diagnostics of colorectal cancer (CRC) and precancerous lesions in the colon is one of the most urgent matters to be considered for the modern protocols of complex examination, recommended for use from the age of 45 years, and including both instrumental and laboratory methods of research: Colonoscopy, CT colonography, flexible sigmoidoscopy, fecal occult blood test, fecal immunohistochemistry test and stool DNA test Nevertheless, the removal of those precancerous lesions does not solve the issue, and, apart from the regular endoscopic monitoring of patients who are at a high risk of developing CRC, the pharmacological treatment of certain key pathogenic mechanisms leading to the development of CRC is required. The present review to discusses the function of β-catenin in the transformation of precancerous colorectal lesions into CRC, when collaborating with PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and other mechanisms. The existing methods for the early diagnostics and prevention of discovered anomalies are described and categorized. The analysis of the approaches to chemoprophylaxis of CRC, depending on the results of endoscopic, morphological and molecular-genetic tests, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonna E. Ogurchenok
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, FEFU Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Primorskiy Regional Clinical Hospital N1, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin D. Khalin
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, FEFU Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Igor S. Bryukhovetskiy
- Far Eastern Federal University, Medical Center, Russky Island, 690091 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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Aliabadi A, Haghshenas MR, Kiani R, Panjehshahin MR, Erfani N. Promising anticancer activity of cromolyn in colon cancer: in vitro and in vivo analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:207. [PMID: 38647571 PMCID: PMC11035410 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colon cancer is a prevalent cancer globally, representing approximately 10% of all cancer cases and accounting for 10% of all cancer-related deaths. Therefore, finding new therapeutic methods with high efficiency will be very valuable. Cromolyn (C), a common anti-allergic and mast cell membrane stabilizing drug, has recently shown valuable anti-cancer effects in several studies. This study was designed to investigate the anti-cancer activity of cromolyn on colon cancer in vitro and in vivo and to determine values such as selectivity index and survival effect. METHODS HT-29 (colon cancer) and MCF-10 (normal epithelial) cell lines were treated with C and Doxorubicin (DOX; Positive control). IC50 values and the effects of C and DOX on apoptosis were explored using methyl thiazole diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Annexin V/PI Apoptosis Assay Kit. To investigate in an animal study, colon cancer was subcutaneously induced by CT26 cells (mouse colon cancer) in bulb/c mice. Mice were treated with 0.05 LD50 intraperitoneal every other day for 35 days. After the death of mice, tumor volume, tumor weight, and survival rate were evaluated. RESULTS C selectively and significantly suppressed the proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values for the MCF-10 and HT29 cell lines were 7.33 ± 0.78 μM and 2.33 ± 0.6 μM, respectively. Notably, the selective index (SI) highlighted that C displayed greater selectivity in inhibiting cancer cell growth compared to DOX, with SI values of 3.15 and 2.60, respectively. C exhibited higher effectiveness and selectivity in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells compared to DOX, with a significant p-value (61% vs. 52%, P-value ≤ 0.0001). Also, in mice bearing colon cancer, C reduced the tumor volume (6317 ± 1685mm3) and tumor weight (9.8 ± 1.6 g) compared to the negative control group (weight 12.45 ± 0.9 g; volume 7346 ± 1077) but these values were not statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study showed that cromolyn is a selective and strong drug in inhibiting the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Based on our results, the efficacy of C in vitro analysis (MTT assays and apoptosis), as well as animal studies is competitive with the FDA-approved drug doxorubicin. C is very promising as a low-complication and good-efficacy drug for cancer drug repositioning. This requires clinical research study designs to comprehensively evaluate its anti-cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Aliabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razie Kiani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Tufail M, Wu C, Hussain MS. Dietary, addictive and habitual factors, and risk of colorectal cancer. Nutrition 2024; 120:112334. [PMID: 38271761 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Pakistan, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has sharply increased in recent years. Although several studies have reported global risk factors for CRC, no study has been conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, to investigate the risk factors associated with the increased CRC burden in this population. OBJECTIVES Therefore, we conducted a clinical survey using a case-control study design to explore the risk factors associatd with CRC. METHODS In the present study, one control was enrolled for each case. Both cases and controls were asked to complete a questionnaire to gather data. We analyzed all data using SPSS. RESULTS Our study found that certain dietary factors, such as consuming fast food (OR: 3.0; P = 0.0001) and reusing ghee (OR: 2.45; P = 0.0001) and oil (OR: 4.30; P = 0.0001), increase the risk of CRC. Additionally, use of tobacco products like smoking cigarettes (OR: 1.91; P = 0.0001) and using snuff (OR: 3.72; P = 0.0001) significantly increases the risk of CRC. Certain habitual factors, including binge eating (OR: 2.42; P = 0.0001) and spending excessive time watching TV (OR: 1.98; P = 0.0001), also increase the odds of developing CRC. However, our study also identified some protective factors against CRC, such as consuming vegetables (OR: .41; P = 0.0001), developing healthy eating habits (OR: .61; P = 0.0001), and maintaining regular sleeping patterns (OR: .45; P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION Given these findings, targeted health education is necessary to prevent the increase in CRC in this area. We also recommend developing and enforcing appropriate control guidelines for cancer risk factors to curb the incidence of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Safarpour H, Ranjbaran J, Erfanian N, Nomiri S, Derakhshani A, Gerarduzzi C, Miraki Feriz A, HosseiniGol E, Saghafi S, Silvestris N. Holistic exploration of CHGA and hsa-miR-137 in colorectal cancer via multi-omic data Integration. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27046. [PMID: 38495181 PMCID: PMC10943347 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most widespread malignancies globally, with early detection significantly influencing prognosis. Employing a systems biology approach, we aimed to unravel the intricate mRNA-miRNA network linked to CRC pathogenesis, potentially yielding diagnostic biomarkers. Through an integrative analysis of microarray, Bulk RNA-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq data, we explored CRC-related transcriptomes comprehensively. Differential gene expression analysis uncovered crucial genes, while Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules closely linked to CRC. Remarkably, CRC manifested its strongest correlation with the turquoise module, signifying its pivotal role. From the cohort of genes showing high Gene Significance (GS) and Module Membership (MM), and Differential Expression Genes (DEGs), we highlighted the downregulated Chromogranin A (CHGA) as a notable hub gene in CRC. This finding was corroborated by the Human Protein Atlas database, which illustrated decreased CHGA expression in CRC tissues. Additionally, CHGA displayed elevated expression in primary versus metastatic cell lines, as evidenced by the CCLE database. Subsequent RT-qPCR validation substantiated the marked downregulation of CHGA in CRC tissues, reinforcing the significance of our differential expression analysis. Analyzing the Space-Time Gut Cell Atlas dataset underscored specific CHGA expression in epithelial cell subclusters, a trend persisting across developmental stages. Furthermore, our scrutiny of colon and small intestine Enteroendocrine cells uncovered distinct CHGA expression patterns, accentuating its role in CRC pathogenesis. Utilizing the WGCNA algorithm and TargetScan database, we validated the downregulation of hsa-miR-137 in CRC, and integrated assessment highlighted its interplay with CHGA. Our findings advocate hsa-miR-137 and CHGA as promising CRC biomarkers, offering valuable insights into diagnosis and prognosis. Despite proteomic analysis yielding no direct correlation, our multifaceted approach contributes comprehensive understanding of CRC's intricate regulatory mechanisms. In conclusion, this study advances hsa-miR-137 and CHGA as promising CRC biomarkers through an integrated analysis of diverse datasets and network interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Javad Ranjbaran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Erfanian
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Samira Nomiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Casimiro Gerarduzzi
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Adib Miraki Feriz
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Edris HosseiniGol
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | - Samira Saghafi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Lin J, Ran Y, Wu T, Wang Z, Zhao J, Tian Y. A New Method for Constructing Macrophage-Associated Predictors of Treatment Efficacy Based on Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis. J Immunother 2024; 47:33-48. [PMID: 37982646 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highly infiltrated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of colorectal cancer (CRC) and play a vital role in CRC's development as well as prognosis. The required data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage operator analyses were executed for model construction. TME assessment and immune prediction were performed using the ESTIMATE software package and the single sample genome enrichment analysis algorithm. The results show patients with low a TAMs risk score (TRS) had a better prognosis in both The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts. Patients with low TRS were more sensitive to 3 chemotherapeutic agents: oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, and cisplatin ( P <0.05). TME assessment showed that the low TRS group had less infiltration of M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells, but CD4 + T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells occupy a greater proportion of TME. Low TRS group patients have a low StromalScore and ImmuneScore but have high TumorPurity. The immune checkpoint TIM-3 gene HAVCR2 expression was significantly higher in the high TRS group. Finally, we created a nomogram including TRS for forecasting survival, and TRS was significantly associated with the clinical stage of the patients. In conclusion, the TRS serves as a reliable prognostic indicator of CRC; it predicts patient outcomes to immunotherapy and chemotherapy and provides genomic evidence for the subsequent development of modulated TAMs for treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Lin
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Ran
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tengfei Wu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zishan Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjin Zhao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wen CP, Tsai MK, Lee JH, Chiou HY, Wen C, Chu TWD, Chen CH. Uncovering a dose-response relationship between positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer-related mortality. Eur J Intern Med 2024; 120:69-79. [PMID: 37777425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Its association with non-CRC mortality has been overlooked. Given the quantitative FIT values, its dose-response relationships with different causes of deaths and years of life shortened were assessed. METHODS This retrospective study included 546,214 adults aged ≥ 20 who attended a health surveillance program from 1994 to 2017 and were followed up until the end of 2020. FIT ≥ 20 μg Hb/g was defined as positive. The Cox model was used to assess adjusted hazard ratios (aHR). RESULTS Positive FIT was associated with increased all-cause mortality (aHR: 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.25-1.44) and all-cancer mortality (aHR: 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.55-1.89), with a reduction of life expectancy by 4 years. The association remained even with CRC excluded. With each 10 μg Hb/g increase in FIT above 20 μg Hb/g, life expectancy was reduced by one year, and mortality increased by 4 %. About 18.6 % of deaths with positive FIT were attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD), followed by CRC (13.5 %) and upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers (4.5 %). The all-cause mortality rate after excluding CRC for positive FIT was 3.56/1,000 person-year, comparable to the all-cause mortality rate of 3.69/1,000 person-year for hypertension. CONCLUSION Positive FIT was associated with increased mortality in a dose-response manner and shortened life expectancy by 4 years, an overlooked risk comparable to hypertension, even with CRC excluded. After a negative colonoscopy, subjects with positive FIT should undergo a workup on CVD risk factors and look for other upper GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Pang Wen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - June Han Lee
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hung Yi Chiou
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Wen
- Long Beach VAMC Hospital, University of Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Chien Hua Chen
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Digestive Disease Center, Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Pakbin B, Allahyari S, Dibazar SP, Peymani A, Haghverdi MK, Taherkhani K, Javadi M, Mahmoudi R. Anticancer Properties of Saccharomyces boulardii Metabolite Against Colon Cancer Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:224-232. [PMID: 36547769 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-10030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii has been used as a probiotic yeast in the medical and food industries. Colon cancers have been known as the third most common cancer type worldwide. Nowadays, cell-free extract and metabolites of probiotics have been employed for the treatment or prevention of different cancer diseases. This study investigates the anticancer properties of S. boulardii metabolites against human colon carcinoma. We evaluated cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, and suppression of survivin, IL-8, and NFƙB gene expression effects of SBM against caco-2 cells after 24 and 48 h. IC50 concentrations of SBM were measured at 815 and 1411 µg/mL for 24 and 48 h treatments, respectively. The total proportion of apoptotic caco-2 cells treated with SBM after 24 and 48 h were calculated at 62.23 and 88.7%, respectively. Also, relative expression of survivin, IL-8, and NFƙB genes were significantly suppressed in caco-2 cells treated with SBM after 24 and 48 h. In conclusion, we found that SBM induced apoptosis, inhibited the growth rate, and suppressed the expression of the survivin, IL-8, and NFƙB genes in human colorectal cancer cells and it can be considered as a perspective supplement or drug for the treatment or prevention of colon cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pakbin
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
- Werner Siemens Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Samaneh Allahyari
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Pishkhan Dibazar
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Khajeh Haghverdi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Taherkhani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Children Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Razzagh Mahmoudi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd, P.O. Box: 34185-754, Qazvin, Iran.
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13
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Haq I, Mazhar T, Asif RN, Ghadi YY, Ullah N, Khan MA, Al-Rasheed A. YOLO and residual network for colorectal cancer cell detection and counting. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24403. [PMID: 38304780 PMCID: PMC10831604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The HT-29 cell line, derived from human colon cancer, is valuable for biological and cancer research applications. Early detection is crucial for improving the chances of survival, and researchers are introducing new techniques for accurate cancer diagnosis. This study introduces an efficient deep learning-based method for detecting and counting colorectal cancer cells (HT-29). The colorectal cancer cell line was procured from a company. Further, the cancer cells were cultured, and a transwell experiment was conducted in the lab to collect the dataset of colorectal cancer cell images via fluorescence microscopy. Of the 566 images, 80 % were allocated to the training set, and the remaining 20 % were assigned to the testing set. The HT-29 cell detection and counting in medical images is performed by integrating YOLOv2, ResNet-50, and ResNet-18 architectures. The accuracy achieved by ResNet-18 is 98.70 % and ResNet-50 is 96.66 %. The study achieves its primary objective by focusing on detecting and quantifying congested and overlapping colorectal cancer cells within the images. This innovative work constitutes a significant development in overlapping cancer cell detection and counting, paving the way for novel advancements and opening new avenues for research and clinical applications. Researchers can extend the study by exploring variations in ResNet and YOLO architectures to optimize object detection performance. Further investigation into real-time deployment strategies will enhance the practical applicability of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inayatul Haq
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Tehseen Mazhar
- Department of Computer Science, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, 55150, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Naz Asif
- School of Computer Science, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yazeed Yasin Ghadi
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, 12555, United Arab Emirates
| | - Najib Ullah
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Balochistan, Quetta, 08770, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amir Khan
- School of Computing Sciences, College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amal Al-Rasheed
- Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Sedky NK, Fawzy IM, Hassan A, Mahdy NK, Attia RT, Shamma SN, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SE, Mokhtar FA, Fahmy SA. Innovative microwave-assisted biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles loaded with platinum(ii) based complex for halting colon cancer: cellular, molecular, and computational investigations. RSC Adv 2024; 14:4005-4024. [PMID: 38288146 PMCID: PMC10823359 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08779d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we biosynthesized copper oxide NPs (CuO NPs) utilizing the essential oils extracted from Boswellia carterii oleogum resin, which served as a bioreductant and capping agent with the help of microwave energy. Afterwards, the platinum(ii) based anticancer drug, carboplatin (Cr), was loaded onto the CuO NPs, exploiting the electrostatic interactions forming Cr@CuO NPs. The produced biogenic NPs were then characterized using zeta potential (ZP), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. In addition, the entrapment efficiency and release profile of the loaded Cr were evaluated. Thereafter, SRB assay was performed, where Cr@CuO NPs demonstrated the highest cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) with an IC50 of 5.17 μg mL-1, which was about 1.6 and 2.2 folds more than that of Cr and CuO NPs. Moreover, the greenly synthesized nanoparticles (Cr@CuO NPs) displayed a satisfactory selectivity index (SI = 6.82), which was far better than the free Cr treatment (SI = 2.23). Regarding the apoptosis assay, the advent of Cr@CuO NPs resulted in an immense increase in the cellular population percentage of HCT-116 cells undergoing both early (16.02%) and late apoptosis (35.66%), significantly surpassing free Cr and CuO NPs. A study of HCT-116 cell cycle kinetics revealed the powerful ability of Cr@CuO NPs to trap cells in the Sub-G1 and G2 phases and impede the G2/M transition. RT-qPCR was utilized for molecular investigations of the pro-apoptotic (Bax and p53) and antiapoptotic genes (Bcl-2). The novel Cr@CuO NPs treatment rose above single Cr or CuO NPs therapy in stimulating the p53-Bax mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. The cellular and molecular biology investigations presented substantial proof of the potentiated anticancer activity of Cr@CuO NPs and the extra benefits that could be obtained from their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada K Sedky
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Administrative Capital Cairo Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Afnan Hassan
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Zewail City of Science and Technology Giza 12578 Egypt
| | - Noha Khalil Mahdy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Kasr El-Aini Street 11562 Cairo Egypt
| | - Reem T Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Samir N Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74 New Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Abha 9004 Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin Elbehairi
- King Khalid University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department Abha 9004 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma A Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University El Saleheya El Gadida Sharkia 44813 Egypt
| | - Sherif Ashraf Fahmy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation R5 New Garden City, New Capital Cairo 11835 Egypt +20 1222613344
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15
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Pan D, Hao J, Wu T, Shen T, Yu K, Li Q, Hu R, Yang Z, Li Y. Sodium Butyrate Inhibits the Malignant Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells via the miR-183/DNAJB4 Axis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10599-z. [PMID: 38244156 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract. It was found that butyric acid could inhibit the expression of miR-183 to slow down malignant progression of CRC in the early stage. However, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. This study screened the IC50 value of butyrate on inhibition of CRC cells malignant progression. Its inhibitory effects were detected by MTT assay, colony formation experiment, Transwell migration experiment, and apoptosis evaluation by flow cytometry. Next, the expressions of miR-183 and DNAJB4 were, respectively, determined in butyrate treated and miR-183 analog or si-DNAJB4-transfected CRC cells to further detect the role of upregulated miR-183 or silencing DNAJB4 in CRC cells malignant progression. Subsequently, the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-183 and si-DNAJB4 was confirmed by bioinformatic prediction tools and double luciferase report genes analysis method. The regulatory mechanism of butyrate on miR-183/DNAJB4 axis signal pathway was evaluated in molecular level, and verified in nude mouse xerograft tumor model and immunohistochemical analysis tests of Ki67 positive rates. The results displayed that butyrate with increased concentration can hinder the proliferation and improve apoptosis of CRC cells by decreasing the expression of miR-183. Thus, butyrate reduces miR-183 expression and increases DNAJB4 expression via the miR-183/DNAJB4 axis, ultimately inhibiting the malignant progression and increasing apoptosis of CRC. While over expression of miR-183 downregulate the expression of DNAJB4, which can reverse the inhibitory effect of butyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingchao Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmacology of Yunnan Province, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Kun Yu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ruixi Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China.
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16
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Gurbatri CR, Radford GA, Vrbanac L, Im J, Thomas EM, Coker C, Taylor SR, Jang Y, Sivan A, Rhee K, Saleh AA, Chien T, Zandkarimi F, Lia I, Lannagan TRM, Wang T, Wright JA, Kobayashi H, Ng JQ, Lawrence M, Sammour T, Thomas M, Lewis M, Papanicolas L, Perry J, Fitzsimmons T, Kaazan P, Lim A, Stavropoulos AM, Gouskos DA, Marker J, Ostroff C, Rogers G, Arpaia N, Worthley DL, Woods SL, Danino T. Engineering tumor-colonizing E. coli Nissle 1917 for detection and treatment of colorectal neoplasia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:646. [PMID: 38245513 PMCID: PMC10799955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioengineered probiotics enable new opportunities to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, prevention and treatment. Here, first, we demonstrate selective colonization of colorectal adenomas after oral delivery of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) to a genetically-engineered murine model of CRC predisposition and orthotopic models of CRC. We next undertake an interventional, double-blind, dual-centre, prospective clinical trial, in which CRC patients take either placebo or EcN for two weeks prior to resection of neoplastic and adjacent normal colorectal tissue (ACTRN12619000210178). We detect enrichment of EcN in tumor samples over normal tissue from probiotic-treated patients (primary outcome of the trial). Next, we develop early CRC intervention strategies. To detect lesions, we engineer EcN to produce a small molecule, salicylate. Oral delivery of this strain results in increased levels of salicylate in the urine of adenoma-bearing mice, in comparison to healthy controls. To assess therapeutic potential, we engineer EcN to locally release a cytokine, GM-CSF, and blocking nanobodies against PD-L1 and CTLA-4 at the neoplastic site, and demonstrate that oral delivery of this strain reduces adenoma burden by ~50%. Together, these results support the use of EcN as an orally-deliverable platform to detect disease and treat CRC through the production of screening and therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice R Gurbatri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Georgette A Radford
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jongwon Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Elaine M Thomas
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Courtney Coker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Samuel R Taylor
- Weill Cornell-Rockefeller-Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD program, New York, NY, USA
| | - YoungUk Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Ayelet Sivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Kyu Rhee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anas A Saleh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany Chien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | | | - Ioana Lia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Tamsin R M Lannagan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Jia Q Ng
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Matt Lawrence
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tarik Sammour
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Michelle Thomas
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Mark Lewis
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Lito Papanicolas
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Joanne Perry
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Tracy Fitzsimmons
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Patricia Kaazan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Amanda Lim
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | | | - Dion A Gouskos
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Julie Marker
- Cancer Voices SA, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cheri Ostroff
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Geraint Rogers
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Nicholas Arpaia
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Daniel L Worthley
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Colonoscopy Clinic, Spring Hill, 4000, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan L Woods
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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17
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Czumaj A, Kobiela J, Mika A, Pappou E, Śledziński T. The Effect of Silencing Fatty Acid Elongase 4 and 6 Genes on the Proliferation and Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17615. [PMID: 38139442 PMCID: PMC10743756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells show some alterations in lipid metabolism, including an increased fatty acid elongation. This study was focused on investigating the effect of a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated decrease in fatty acid elongation on CRC cells' survival and migration. In our study, the elongase 4 (ELOVL4) and elongase 6 (ELOVL6) genes were observed to be highly overexpressed in both the CRC tissue obtained from patients and the CRC cells cultured in vitro (HT-29 and WiDr cell lines). The use of the siRNAs for ELOVL4 and ELOVL6 reduced cancer cell proliferation and migration rates. These findings indicate that the altered elongation process decreased the survival of CRC cells, and in the future, fatty acid elongases can be potentially good targets in novel CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Jarosław Kobiela
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
| | - Emmanouil Pappou
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Tomasz Śledziński
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.M.); (T.Ś.)
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18
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Zhang H, Shan W, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Wang M, Gao L, Zeng L, Zhao Q, Liu J. NAT10 mediated mRNA acetylation modification patterns associated with colon cancer progression and microsatellite status. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2188667. [PMID: 36908042 PMCID: PMC10026876 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2188667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is one type of RNA modification found in eukaryotes. RNA acetylation modifications are gradually expanding in oncology. However, the role of RNA acetylation modifications in colorectal cancer and its association with colorectal cancer microsatellite status remain unclear. Using public databases and in vitro experiments, we verified the expression and biological function of NAT10, as the key RNA acetylation modification enzyme, in colorectal cancer. The results showed that NAT10 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer, and significantly promoted colorectal cancer cell proliferation. NAT10 was also involved in several aspects of cell homoeostasis such as ion transport, calcium-dependent phospholipid binding, and RNA stability. NAT10 expression positively correlated with immune infiltration in colorectal cancer. We further constructed a risk regression model for mRNA acetylation in colorectal cancer using acetylation-related differential genes. We found that tumour immune infiltration, microsatellite instability (MSI) proportion, tumour immune mutation burden, and patient response to immunotherapy were positively correlated with risk scores. For the first time, our study showed that the level of mRNA acetylation modification level is elevated in colorectal cancer and positively correlates with immune infiltration and microsatellite status of patients. Based on our findings, NAT10 may be a new target for colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenqing Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liping Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingxiu Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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19
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Mohankumar K, Wright G, Kumaravel S, Shrestha R, Zhang L, Abdelrahim M, Chapkin RS, Safe S. Bis-indole-derived NR4A1 antagonists inhibit colon tumor and splenic growth and T-cell exhaustion. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3985-3999. [PMID: 37847301 PMCID: PMC10700478 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that the orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1, Nur77) is overexpressed in exhausted CD8 + T cells and regulates PD-L1 in tumors. This study investigated the effects of potent bis-indole-derived NR4A1 antagonists on reversing T-cell exhaustion and downregulating PD-L1 in colon tumors/cells. NR4A1 antagonists inhibited colon tumor growth and downregulated expression of PD-L1 in mouse colon MC-38-derived tumors and cells. TILs from MC-38 cell-derived colon tumors and splenic lymphocytes exhibited high levels of the T-cell exhaustion markers including PD-1, 2B4, TIM3+ and TIGIT and similar results were observed in the spleen, and these were inhibited by NR4A1 antagonists. In addition, treatment with NR4A1 antagonists induced cytokine activation markers interferon γ, granzyme B and perforin mRNAs and decreased TOX, TOX2 and NFAT in TIL-derived CD8 + T cells. Thus, NR4A1 antagonists decrease NR4A1-dependent pro-oncogenic activity and PD-L1 expression in colon tumors and inhibit NR4A1-dependent T-cell exhaustion in TILs and spleen and represent a novel class of mechanism-based drugs that enhance immune surveillance in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumaravel Mohankumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Gus Wright
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- TAMU Flow Cytometry Facility, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Subhashree Kumaravel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rupesh Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Maen Abdelrahim
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Institute of Academic Medicine and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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20
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Feng Y, Yuan Q, Newsome RC, Robinson T, Bowman RL, Zuniga AN, Hall KN, Bernsten CM, Shabashvili DE, Krajcik KI, Gunaratne C, Zaroogian ZJ, Venugopal K, Casellas Roman HL, Levine RL, Chatila WK, Yaeger R, Riva A, Jobin C, Kopinke D, Avram D, Guryanova OA. Hematopoietic-specific heterozygous loss of Dnmt3a exacerbates colitis-associated colon cancer. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230011. [PMID: 37615936 PMCID: PMC10450614 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is defined as clonal expansion of mutant hematopoietic stem cells absent diagnosis of a hematologic malignancy. Presence of CH in solid tumor patients, including colon cancer, correlates with shorter survival. We hypothesized that bone marrow-derived cells with heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of DNMT3A, the most common genetic alteration in CH, contribute to the pathogenesis of colon cancer. In a mouse model that combines colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) with experimental CH driven by Dnmt3a+/Δ, we found higher tumor penetrance and increased tumor burden compared with controls. Histopathological analysis revealed accentuated colonic epithelium injury, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma formation. Transcriptome profiling of colon tumors identified enrichment of gene signatures associated with carcinogenesis, including angiogenesis. Treatment with the angiogenesis inhibitor axitinib eliminated the colon tumor-promoting effect of experimental CH driven by Dnmt3a haploinsufficiency and rebalanced hematopoiesis. This study provides conceptually novel insights into non-tumor-cell-autonomous effects of hematopoietic alterations on colon carcinogenesis and identifies potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Qingchen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rachel C. Newsome
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Troy Robinson
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert L. Bowman
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashley N. Zuniga
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kendra N. Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cassandra M. Bernsten
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniil E. Shabashvili
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kathryn I. Krajcik
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chamara Gunaratne
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zachary J. Zaroogian
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kartika Venugopal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Heidi L. Casellas Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ross L. Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Walid K. Chatila
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Riva
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of FloridaHealth Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of FloridaHealth Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dorina Avram
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of FloridaHealth Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Immunology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Olga A. Guryanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of FloridaCollege of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of FloridaHealth Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
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21
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Huang W, Lin R, Ke X, Ni S, Zhang Z, Tang L. Utility of Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Preoperative Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Rectal Cancer Based on Three-Dimensional Endorectal Ultrasound and Clinical and Laboratory Data. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2023; 42:2615-2627. [PMID: 37401518 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the value of a machine learning (ML) algorithm in the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal cancer. METHODS Based on the histopathological results, 126 rectal cancer patients were divided into two groups: lymph node metastasis-positive and metastasis-negative groups. We collected clinical and laboratory data, three-dimensional endorectal ultrasound (3D-ERUS) findings, and parameters of the tumor for between-group comparisons. We constructed a clinical prediction model based on the ML algorithm, which demonstrated the best diagnostic performance. Finally, we analyzed the diagnostic results and processes of the ML model. RESULTS Between the two groups, there were significant differences in serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, tumor length, tumor breadth, circumferential extent of the tumor, resistance index (RI), and ultrasound T-stage (P < 0.05). The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model had the best comprehensive diagnostic performance for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with rectal cancer. Compared with experienced radiologists, the XGBoost model showed significantly higher diagnostic value in predicting lymph node metastasis; the area under curve (AUC) value of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the XGBoost model and experienced radiologists was 0.82 and 0.60, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative predictive utility in lymph node metastasis was demonstrated by the XGBoost model based on the 3D-ERUS finding and related clinical information. This could be useful in guiding clinical decisions on the selection of different treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruoxuan Lin
- Department of Ultrasonography, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Ke
- Department of Ultrasonography, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shixiong Ni
- Department of Ultrasonography, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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22
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Shang Z, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liu S. DNA damage repair molecular subtype derived immune signature applicable for the prognosis and immunotherapy response prediction in colon cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:2781-2805. [PMID: 37969400 PMCID: PMC10643980 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background The DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway is one of the pathways of tumor pathogenesis, but its relationship with the immunophenotype has not been clarified in colon cancer (CC). Methods We identified the differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) between two DDR molecular subtypes, namely, C1 and C2, and used univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized Cox regression analysis to construct the risk score in the training cohort [n=1,009, a combination of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE39582]. Regarding the median risk score as the unified cutoff to classify the patients into high- and low-risk groups. Two independent cohorts (GSE17538, n=232; GSE38832, n=122) were used for external validation of the prognostic value of the risk score. The IMvigor210 cohort (n=348) was used to test the predictive value of the risk score for immunotherapy response. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to discover the underlying mechanism. Immune cell infiltration was quantified by the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. Results The high-risk group showed significantly reduced overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) compared to the low-risk group, and the two groups differed significantly in lymphatic invasion, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM stage, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, etc. The enrichment levels of pathways related to colorectal cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, hypoxia, P53, TGF-β, KRAS signaling, etc., were upregulated in the high-risk group, but DDR-related pathways were defective in the high-risk group. The immunophenotypes of the high-risk group tended to be desert and excluded, and the risk score of patients who responded to immunotherapy was significantly lower than that of patients who did not respond to immunotherapy. The higher the infiltration levels of gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells), immature dendritic cells, and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, the more significant adverse impact on the prognosis of CC patients was exhibited and an obviously positive correlation with the risk score was showed. Conclusions An immune gene risk score associated with the DDR molecular subtype was built and verified herein; that is applicable to the prognosis and immunotherapy response prediction in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shang
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qingdao Haici Medical Treatment Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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23
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Wang Y, Popovic Z, Charkoftaki G, Garcia-Milian R, Lam TT, Thompson DC, Chen Y, Vasiliou V. Multi-omics profiling reveals cellular pathways and functions regulated by ALDH1B1 in colon cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110714. [PMID: 37716420 PMCID: PMC10807983 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Although early screenings and advances in treatments have reduced mortality since 1970, identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention is needed to address tumor heterogeneity and recurrence. Previous work identified aldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 (ALDH1B1) as a critical factor in colon tumorigenesis. To investigate further, we utilized a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (SW480) in which the ALDH1B1 protein expression has been knocked down by 80% via shRNA. Through multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and untargeted metabolomics) analysis, we identified the impact of ALDH1B1 knocking down (KD) on molecular signatures in colon cancer cells. Suppression of ALDH1B1 expression resulted in 357 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 191 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 891 differentially altered metabolites (DAMs). Functional annotation and enrichment analyses revealed that: (1) DEGs were enriched in integrin-linked kinase (ILK) signaling and growth and development pathways; (2) DEPs were mainly involved in apoptosis signaling and cellular stress response pathways; and (3) DAMs were associated with biosynthesis, intercellular and second messenger signaling. Collectively, the present study provides new molecular information associated with the cellular functions of ALDH1B1, which helps to direct future investigation of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zeljka Popovic
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Keck MS & Proteomics Resource, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
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24
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Jing Y, Li C, Du T, Jiang T, Sun H, Yang J, Shi L, Gao M, Grzegorzek M, Li X. A comprehensive survey of intestine histopathological image analysis using machine vision approaches. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107388. [PMID: 37696178 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is currently one of the most common and deadly cancers. CRC is the third most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. It ranks as the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and other developed countries. Histopathological images contain sufficient phenotypic information, they play an indispensable role in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. In order to improve the objectivity and diagnostic efficiency for image analysis of intestinal histopathology, Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) methods based on machine learning (ML) are widely applied in image analysis of intestinal histopathology. In this investigation, we conduct a comprehensive study on recent ML-based methods for image analysis of intestinal histopathology. First, we discuss commonly used datasets from basic research studies with knowledge of intestinal histopathology relevant to medicine. Second, we introduce traditional ML methods commonly used in intestinal histopathology, as well as deep learning (DL) methods. Then, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent developments in ML methods for segmentation, classification, detection, and recognition, among others, for histopathological images of the intestine. Finally, the existing methods have been studied, and the application prospects of these methods in this field are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Jing
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Li
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Tianming Du
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; International Joint Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinzhu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Minghe Gao
- Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Marcin Grzegorzek
- Institute for Medical Informatics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany; Department of Knowledge Engineering, University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, China.
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25
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Kasprzak A. Prognostic Biomarkers of Cell Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer (CRC): From Immunohistochemistry to Molecular Biology Techniques. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4570. [PMID: 37760539 PMCID: PMC10526446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and severe malignancies worldwide. Recent advances in diagnostic methods allow for more accurate identification and detection of several molecular biomarkers associated with this cancer. Nonetheless, non-invasive and effective prognostic and predictive testing in CRC patients remains challenging. Classical prognostic genetic markers comprise mutations in several genes (e.g., APC, KRAS/BRAF, TGF-β, and TP53). Furthermore, CIN and MSI serve as chromosomal markers, while epigenetic markers include CIMP and many other candidates such as SERP, p14, p16, LINE-1, and RASSF1A. The number of proliferation-related long non-coding RNAs (e.g., SNHG1, SNHG6, MALAT-1, CRNDE) and microRNAs (e.g., miR-20a, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145, miR-181a/b) that could serve as potential CRC markers has also steadily increased in recent years. Among the immunohistochemical (IHC) proliferative markers, the prognostic value regarding the patients' overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) has been confirmed for thymidylate synthase (TS), cyclin B1, cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and Ki-67. In most cases, the overexpression of these markers in tissues was related to worse OS and DFS. However, slowly proliferating cells should also be considered in CRC therapy (especially radiotherapy) as they could represent a reservoir from which cells are recruited to replenish the rapidly proliferating population in response to cell-damaging factors. Considering the above, the aim of this article is to review the most common proliferative markers assessed using various methods including IHC and selected molecular biology techniques (e.g., qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization, RNA/DNA sequencing, next-generation sequencing) as prognostic and predictive markers in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kasprzak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Medical Sciences, Swiecicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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26
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Maqbool M, Khan A, Shahzad A, Sarfraz Z, Sarfraz A, Aftab H, Jaan A. Predictive biomarkers for colorectal cancer: a state-of-the-art systematic review. Biomarkers 2023; 28:562-598. [PMID: 37585692 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2247185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial health burden, with early detection paramount for improved prognosis. This study aims to evaluate potential CRC biomarkers and detection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review, reported in adherence to PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines, collates the latest research on potential biomarkers and detection/prognosis methods for CRC, spanning the last decade. RESULTS Out of the 38 included studies, diverse biomarkers and detection methods emerged, with DNA methylation markers like SFRP2 and SDC2, microRNAs including miR-1290, miR-506, and miR-4316, and serum and plasma markers such as NTS levels and U2 snRNA fragments standing out. Methylated cfDNA and m5C methylation alteration in immune cells of the blood, along with circular RNA, showed promise as diagnostic markers. Meanwhile, techniques involving extracellular vesicles and lateral flow immunoassays exhibited potential for swift and effective CRC screening. DISCUSSION Our state-of-the-art review identifies potential biomarkers, including SFRP2, SDC2, miR-1290, miR-506, miR-4316, and U2 snRNA fragments, with significant potential in enhancing CRC detection. However, comprehensive validation studies and a rigorous evaluation of clinical utility and cost-effectiveness remain necessary before integration into routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION The findings emphasize the need for continued research into biomarkers and detection methods to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeez Maqbool
- Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Aden Khan
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Hinna Aftab
- CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Jaan
- Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
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27
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Yu H, Xu H, Yang X, Zhang Z, Hu J, Lu J, Fu J, Bu M, Zhang H, Zhai Z, Wang J, Jiang J, Wang Y. Gut microbiota-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic study and molecular mechanism of specnuezhenide in the treatment of colorectal cancer targeting carboxylesterase. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1024-1040. [PMID: 37842660 PMCID: PMC10568112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Specnuezhenide (SNZ) is among the main components of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, which has anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-tumor effect. The low bioavailability makes it difficult to explain the mechanism of pharmacological effect of SNZ. In this study, the role of the gut microbiota in the metabolism and pharmacokinetics characteristics of SNZ as well as the pharmacological meaning were explored. SNZ can be rapidly metabolized by the gut microbiome, and two intestinal bacterial metabolites of SNZ, salidroside and tyrosol, were discovered. In addition, carboxylesterase may be the main intestinal bacterial enzyme that mediates its metabolism. At the same time, no metabolism was found in the incubation system of SNZ with liver microsomes or liver homogenate, indicating that the gut microbiota is the main part involved in the metabolism of SNZ. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies showed that salidroside and tyrosol can be detected in plasma in the presence of gut microbiota. Interestingly, tumor development was inhibited in a colorectal tumor mice model administered orally with SNZ, which indicated that SNZ exhibited potential to inhibit tumor growth, and tissue distribution studies showed that salidroside and tyrosol could be distributed in tumor tissues. At the same time, SNZ modulated the structure of gut microbiota and fungal group, which may be the mechanism governing the antitumoral activity of SNZ. Furthermore, SNZ stimulates the secretion of short-chain fatty acids by intestinal flora in vitro and in vivo. In the future, targeting gut microbes and the interaction between natural products and gut microbes could lead to the discovery and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiachun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jinyue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mengmeng Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haojian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jingyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Li Y, Zhang M, Shang J, Li F, Ren Q, Liu JX. iLncDA-RSN: identification of lncRNA-disease associations based on reliable similarity networks. Front Genet 2023; 14:1249171. [PMID: 37614816 PMCID: PMC10442839 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1249171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of disease-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is crucial for unveiling the underlying genetic mechanisms of complex diseases. Multiple types of similarity networks of lncRNAs (or diseases) can complementary and comprehensively characterize their similarities. Hence, in this study, we presented a computational model iLncDA-RSN based on reliable similarity networks for identifying potential lncRNA-disease associations (LDAs). Specifically, for constructing reliable similarity networks of lncRNAs and diseases, miRNA heuristic information with lncRNAs and diseases is firstly introduced to construct their respective Jaccard similarity networks; then Gaussian interaction profile (GIP) kernel similarity networks and Jaccard similarity networks of lncRNAs and diseases are provided based on the lncRNA-disease association network; a random walk with restart strategy is finally applied on Jaccard similarity networks, GIP kernel similarity networks, as well as lncRNA functional similarity network and disease semantic similarity network to construct reliable similarity networks. Depending on the lncRNA-disease association network and the reliable similarity networks, feature vectors of lncRNA-disease pairs are integrated from lncRNA and disease perspectives respectively, and then dimensionality reduced by the elastic net. Two random forests are at last used together on different lncRNA-disease association feature sets to identify potential LDAs. The iLncDA-RSN is evaluated by five-fold cross-validation to analyse its prediction performance, results of which show that the iLncDA-RSN outperforms the compared models. Furthermore, case studies of different complex diseases demonstrate the effectiveness of the iLncDA-RSN in identifying potential LDAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junliang Shang
- School of Computer Science, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, China
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Zhang X, Liang C, Zhou B, Pang L. Construction of a prognostic model based on genes associated with mitochondrial energy metabolic pathway in colon adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3044. [PMID: 37322568 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main sites of oxidative metabolism and energy release of sugars, fats and amino acids in the body. According to studies, malignant tumor occurrence and development have been linked to abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism (MEM). However, the feasible role of abnormal MEM in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is poorly understood. In this work, we obtained COAD patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as the training set, and GSE103479 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) as the validation set. Combined with the mitochondrial energy metabolic pathway (MEMP)-related genes in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, a risk prognostic model was constructed by utilizing Cox regression analysis to identify 6 feature genes (CYP4A11, PGM2, PKLR, PPARGC1A, CPT2 and ACAT2) that were significantly associated with MEMP in COAD. By stratifying the samples based on riskscore, two distinct groups, namely the high- and low-risk groups, were identified. The model demonstrated accurate assessment of the prognosis risk in COAD patients and exhibited independent prognostic capability, as evidenced by the survival curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A nomogram was plotted based on clinical information and riskscore. We proved it could predict the survival time of COAD patients effectively combined with the calibration curve of risk prediction. Subsequently, based on the immune evaluation and mutation frequency analysis performed on COAD patients, patients in high-risk group had observably higher immune scores, immune activity and PDCD1 expression level than low-risk group. In general, the prognostic model developed using MEMP-related genes served as a valuable biomarker for forecasting the prognosis of COAD patients, which offered a reference for the prognosis evaluation and clinical cure of COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, China
| | - Ce Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, China
| | - Bingchuan Zhou
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, China
| | - Liming Pang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, China
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Rodrigues JA, Correia JH. Photodynamic Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: An Update and a Look to the Future. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12204. [PMID: 37569580 PMCID: PMC10418644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides an update on the current state of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) and explores potential future directions in this field. PDT has emerged as a promising minimally invasive treatment modality that utilizes photosensitizers and specific light wavelengths to induce cell death in targeted tumor tissues. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the underlying mechanisms, optimizing treatment protocols, and improving the efficacy of PDT for CRC. This article highlights key advancements in PDT techniques, including novel photosensitizers, light sources, and delivery methods. Furthermore, it discusses ongoing research efforts and potential future directions, such as combination therapies and nanotechnology-based approaches. By elucidating the current landscape and providing insights into future directions, this review aims to guide researchers and clinicians in harnessing the full potential of PDT for the effective management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Rodrigues
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4800-122 Braga, Portugal
| | - José H. Correia
- CMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4800-122 Braga, Portugal
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31
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Sun S, Yi Y, Xiao ZXJ, Chen H. ER stress activates TAp73α to promote colon cancer cell apoptosis via the PERK-ATF4 pathway. J Cancer 2023; 14:1946-1955. [PMID: 37497416 PMCID: PMC10367919 DOI: 10.7150/jca.84170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most diagnosed cancer worldwide. 43% of CRCs harbor p53 mutations. The tumor suppressor p53 induces cell growth arrest and/or apoptosis in response to stress, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It has been documented that the p53 gene is mutated in more than 50% of human tumors and loses its tumor suppressor function, suggesting that ER stress-induced apoptosis might not rely on p53. In this study, we found that activation of ER stress promotes p53 null colon cancer cell apoptosis concomitant with an increased level of the TAp73α protein, a homologue of p53 in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of TAp73α partially restores ER stress-induced apoptosis, indicating that ER stress stimulates apoptosis in a manner dependent on TAp73α, but not p53. Furthermore, we found that ER stress activates TAp73α mRNA and protein expression through PERK signalling, a branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Moreover, PERK promotes TAp73α expression by upregulating the expression of the transcription factor ATF4. ATF4 directly activates the transcription of TAp73α. Consistent with this finding, ATF4 knockdown inhibited PERK- or ER stress-induced TAp73α expression. Our findings reveal that ER stress activates TAp73α to promote colon cancer cell apoptosis via the PERK-ATF4 signalling. Therefore, prolonged ER stress or upregulation of TAp73α might be a therapeutic strategy for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Sun
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China
| | - Yong Yi
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
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Paul S, Chatterjee S, Sinha S, Dash SR, Pradhan R, Das B, Goutam K, Kundu CN. Veliparib (ABT-888), a PARP inhibitor potentiates the cytotoxic activity of 5-fluorouracil by inhibiting MMR pathway through deregulation of MSH6 in colorectal cancer stem cells. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:999-1015. [PMID: 37787493 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2266572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sensitization of mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is well-documented. But not much is known about the treatment of MMR-proficient CRC cancer stem cells (CRC-CSCs). Here, we investigated whether a PARP inhibitor (ABT-888) can enhance the 5-FU-mediated apoptosis in CRC-CSCs through MMR pathway inhibition. METHODS The anti-cancer action of 5-FU+ABT-888 combination in CRC-CSCs has been studied by using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo preclinical model systems. RESULTS 5-FU caused DNA damage in CRC-CSCs, and ABT-888 enhanced the accumulation of DNA mismatches by downregulating the MMR pathway, triggering S-phase arrest, and finally apoptosis and cell death in 5-FU-pre-treated MMR-proficient-CRC-CSCs at much lower concentrations than their individual treatments. After 5-FU treatment, PARylated-PARP1 activated MMR pathway by interacting with MSH6. But, upon ABT-888 treatment in 5-FU-pre-exposed CSCs, PARylation was inhibited, as a result of which PARP1 could not interact with MSH6, and other MMR proteins were downregulated. The role of MSH6 in PARP1-mediated MMR activation, was confirmed by silencing MSH6 gene, which resulted in MMR pathway shutdown. Similar results were obtained in ex vivo and in vivo model systems. CONCLUSIONS 5-FU+ABT-888 combination enhanced CRC-CSCs death by increasing DNA damage accumulation and simultaneously inhibiting the MMR pathway in MMR-proficient cells. But this study does not discuss whether the combination treatment will increase the sensitivity of MMR-deficient CSCs, for which further research will be performed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarno Paul
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Subhajit Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Saptarshi Sinha
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rajalaxmi Pradhan
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Kunal Goutam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
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Soloveva N, Novikova S, Farafonova T, Tikhonova O, Zgoda V. Proteomic Signature of Extracellular Vesicles Associated with Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104227. [PMID: 37241967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteins of extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide proteomic signatures that reflect molecular features of EV-producing cells, including cancer cells. Detection of cancer cell EV proteins is of great interest due to the development of novel predictive diagnostic approaches. Using targeted mass spectrometry with stable-isotope-labeled peptide standards (SIS), we measured in this study the levels of 34 EV-associated proteins in vesicles and whole lysate derived from the colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines Caco-2, HT29 and HCT116. We also evaluated the abundance of 13 EV-associated proteins (FN1, TLN1, ITGB3, HSPA8, TUBA4A, CD9, CD63, HSPG2, ITGB1, GNAI2, TSG101, PACSIN2, and CDC42) in EVs isolated from blood plasma samples from 11 CRC patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Downregulation of TLN1, ITGB3, and TUBA4A with simultaneous upregulation of HSPG2 protein were observed in cancer samples compared to healthy controls. The proteomic cargo of the EVs associated with CRC represents a promising source of potential prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Soloveva
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Novikova
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Farafonova
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Tikhonova
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Zgoda
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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Mohammad Mirzaei N, Hao W, Shahriyari L. Investigating the spatial interaction of immune cells in colon cancer. iScience 2023; 26:106596. [PMID: 37168560 PMCID: PMC10165418 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricate network of interactions between cells and molecules in the tumor microenvironment creates a heterogeneous ecosystem. The proximity of the cells and molecules to their activators and inhibitors is essential in the progression of tumors. Here, we develop a system of partial differential equations coupled with linear elasticity to investigate the effects of spatial interactions on the tumor microenvironment. We observe interesting cell and cytokine distribution patterns, which are heavily affected by macrophages. We also see that cytotoxic T cells get recruited and suppressed at the site of macrophages. Moreover, we observe that anti-tumor macrophages reorganize the patterns in favor of a more spatially restricted cancer and necrotic core. Furthermore, the adjoint-based sensitivity analysis indicates that the most sensitive model's parameters are directly related to macrophages. The results emphasize the widely acknowledged effect of macrophages in controlling cancer cells population and spatially arranging cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, 01003 MA, USA
| | - Wenrui Hao
- Department of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802 PA, USA
| | - Leili Shahriyari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, 01003 MA, USA
- Corresponding author
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Vilsan J, Maddineni SA, Ahsan N, Mathew M, Chilakuri N, Yadav N, Munoz EJ, Nadeem MA, Abbas K, Razzaq W, Abdin ZU, Ahmed M. Open, Laparoscopic, and Robotic Approaches to Treat Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Cureus 2023; 15:e38956. [PMID: 37313091 PMCID: PMC10259746 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgery is usually required to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). Medical technology has advanced, providing various approaches to tackle this disease. Different surgeries are available, such as laparoscopic surgery, single-incision laparoscopic surgery, natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, and robotic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery has several benefits including reduced blood loss and shorter recovery time. It can also improve lung function and minimize complications. However, it requires more time to perform and has a higher risk of complications during the procedure. Robotic surgery provides a three-dimensional view of the surgical area allowing for greater precision in rectal surgeries and access to difficult-to-reach pelvic regions. This method utilizes robotics technology which reduces surgical time and speeds up recovery for patients. There are various surgical options available for treating CRC; however, laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery offer unique advantages despite their own drawbacks. As technology continues to evolve, medical techniques will continue improving existing methods while providing new options resulting in better outcomes for patients. Compared to laparoscopy, robotic surgery has a lower rate of operative conversions and a shorter learning curve. However, it also has some drawbacks, such as a longer docking time, lack of tactile sensation, and higher cost. Therefore, the choice of surgical method should depend on patient characteristics, surgeon preference and expertise, and available resources. Currently, specialized centers offer robotic surgeries which are more expensive and take longer compared to open and laparoscopic approaches. Nonetheless, they are considered safe and feasible when compared to traditional surgery. Short-term outcomes for robotic surgeries are better, while long-term postoperative complication rates remain similar. However, there is a need for additional well-defined randomized control trials conducted across multiple centers to validate the use of robotic surgery over open and laparoscopic approaches. Improving patient care and outcomes is the objective of this comprehensive literature overview on surgical approaches for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vilsan
- Surgery, Dr Bhausaheb Sardesai Talegaon Rural Hospital, Pune, IND
| | - Sai Aditya Maddineni
- Surgery, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad, CUW
- Surgery, UChicago Medicine AdventHealth GlenOaks, Glen Oaks, USA
| | - Nayab Ahsan
- Internal Medicine, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, PAK
| | - Midhun Mathew
- Internal Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Nilay Yadav
- General Physician, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, IND
| | | | | | - Kiran Abbas
- Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Waleed Razzaq
- Internal Medicine, Services Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK
| | - Zain U Abdin
- Medicine, District Headquarter Hospital, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Moiz Ahmed
- Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, PAK
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Gurbatri CR, Radford G, Vrbanac L, Coker C, Im JW, Taylor SR, Jang Y, Sivan A, Rhee K, Saleh AA, Chien T, Zandkarimi F, Lia I, Lannagan TR, Wang T, Wright JA, Thomas E, Kobayashi H, Ng JQ, Lawrence M, Sammour T, Thomas M, Lewis M, Papanicolas L, Perry J, Fitzsimmons T, Kaazan P, Lim A, Marker J, Ostroff C, Rogers G, Arpaia N, Worthley DL, Woods SL, Danino T. Colorectal cancer detection and treatment with engineered probiotics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.03.535370. [PMID: 37066243 PMCID: PMC10104002 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.535370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioengineered probiotics enable new opportunities to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, prevention and treatment strategies. Here, we demonstrate the phenomenon of selective, long-term colonization of colorectal adenomas after oral delivery of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) to a genetically-engineered murine model of CRC predisposition. We show that, after oral administration, adenomas can be monitored over time by recovering EcN from stool. We also demonstrate specific colonization of EcN to solitary neoplastic lesions in an orthotopic murine model of CRC. We then exploit this neoplasia-homing property of EcN to develop early CRC intervention strategies. To detect lesions, we engineer EcN to produce a small molecule, salicylate, and demonstrate that oral delivery of this strain results in significantly increased levels of salicylate in the urine of adenoma-bearing mice, in comparison to healthy controls. We also assess EcN engineered to locally release immunotherapeutics at the neoplastic site. Oral delivery to mice bearing adenomas, reduced adenoma burden by ∼50%, with notable differences in the spatial distribution of T cell populations within diseased and healthy intestinal tissue, suggesting local induction of robust anti-tumor immunity. Together, these results support the use of EcN as an orally-delivered platform to detect disease and treat CRC through its production of screening and therapeutic molecules.
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Balcerak G, Garrett M, Greiner BH, Hartwell M. Trends of colorectal cancer screening methods: an analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2018-2020. J Osteopath Med 2023; 123:317-323. [PMID: 36959778 DOI: 10.1515/jom-2022-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high mortality rate and a large financial burden. Therefore, it is imperative to screen appropriately for this disease. By evaluating trends in different CRC screening methods and evaluating screening methods based on sex and race, improvements in screening can be made. OBJECTIVES By analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), our primary objective was to evaluate trends in CRC screening methods from 2018 through 2020. Our secondary objectives were to investigate deviations in screening rates by sex and race/ethnicity. METHODS A cross-sectional design was utilized to analyze trends in CRC screening methods utilizing data from the BRFSS for the years 2018 through 2020. Sex and race were also analyzed to evaluate for deviations in screening rates. RESULTS All race/ethnicity groups most often completed colonoscopies, with all but individuals identifying as Hispanic having higher than 56% completion rates. Individuals reporting as Hispanic received more blood stool tests than other races at 23.4%. Average CRC screening among all methods showed that 89.7% of individuals who reported as being White completed screening, with 91.3% of individuals reporting as Black, and 81.9% with race not listed, completed screening. Individuals identifying as Asian (74.4%), American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN [79.2%]) and Hispanic (78.1%) had lower rates of screening overall. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that trends in CRC screening were similar across years for individuals who reported as being White or Black. We also found that those identifying as Asian, AI/AN, Hispanic, and those whose identifying race was not listed deviated across years. These latter groups were also less likely to have received colonoscopies, the gold standard of screening. Because CRC is oftentimes a preventable disease, the importance of appropriate screening cannot be emphasized enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Balcerak
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Morgan Garrett
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Benjamin H Greiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Micah Hartwell
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Liang H, He X, Tong Y, Bai N, Pu Y, Han K, Wang Y. Ferroptosis open a new door for colorectal cancer treatment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1059520. [PMID: 37007121 PMCID: PMC10061081 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1059520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest incidence and the second highest mortality malignant tumor in the world. The etiology and pathogenesis of CRC are complex. Due to the long course of the disease and no obvious early symptoms, most patients are diagnosed as middle and late stages. CRC is prone to metastasis, most commonly liver metastasis, which is one of the leading causes of death in CRC patients. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered cell death form with iron dependence, which is driven by excessive lipid peroxides on the cell membrane. It is different from other form of programmed cell death in morphology and mechanism, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis. Numerous studies have shown that ferroptosis may play an important role in the development of CRC. For advanced or metastatic CRC, ferroptosis promises to open a new door in the setting of poor response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This mini review focuses on the pathogenesis of CRC, the mechanism of ferroptosis and the research status of ferroptosis in CRC treatment. The potential association between ferroptosis and CRC and some challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yitong Tong
- Chengdu Second People’s Hospital Party Committee Office, Chengdu, China
| | - Niuniu Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yushu Pu
- Nanchang University Queen Mary School, Nanchang, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sicuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wang,
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USP35 promotes cell proliferation and chemotherapeutic resistance through stabilizing FUCA1 in colorectal cancer. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:12. [PMID: 36864055 PMCID: PMC9981583 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific-processing proteases 35 (USP35) is an under-characterized deubiquitinase and its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we focus on delineating the impact of USP35 on CRC cell proliferation and chemo-resistance, as well as the possible regulatory mechanism. By examining the genomic database and clinical samples, we found that USP35 was overexpressed in CRC. Further functional studies showed that enhanced USP35 expression promoted CRC cell proliferation and resistance to oxaliplatin (OXA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), whereas USP35 depletion impeded cell proliferation and sensitized cells to OXA and 5-FU treatments. Then, to explore the possible mechanism underlying USP35-triggered cellular responses, we performed co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) followed by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and identified α-L-fucosidase 1 (FUCA1) as a direct deubiquitiation target of USP35. Importantly, we demonstrated that FUCA1 was an essential mediator for USP35-induced cell proliferation and chemo-resistance in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we observed that nucleotide excision repair (NER) components (e.g., XPC, XPA, ERCC1) were up-regulated by USP35-FUCA1 axis, indicating a potential mechanism for USP35-FUCA1-mediated platinum resistance in CRC. Together, our results for the first time explored the role and important mechanism of USP35 in CRC cell proliferation and chemotherapeutic response, providing a rationale for USP35-FUCA1-targeted therapy in CRC.
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Lian SY, Tan LX, Liu XZ, Yang LJ, Li NN, Feng Q, Wang P, Wang Y, Qiao DB, Zhou LX, Sun TT, Wang L, Wu AW, Li ZW. KRAS, NRAS, BRAF signatures, and MMR status in colorectal cancer patients in North China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33115. [PMID: 36862900 PMCID: PMC9981427 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the clinicopathological features and prognostic values of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and DNA mismatch repair status in colorectal cancer (CRC) to provide real-world data in developing countries. We enrolled 369 CRC patients and analyzed the correlation between RAS/BRAF mutation, mismatch repair status with clinicopathological features, and their prognostic roles. The mutation frequencies of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF were 41.7%, 1.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. KRAS mutations and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) status were associated with right-sided tumors, aggressive biological behaviors, and poor differentiation. BRAF (V600E) mutations are associated with well-differentiated and lymphovascular invasion. The dMMR status predominated in young and middle-aged patients and tumor node metastasis stage II patients. dMMR status predicted longer overall survival in all CRC patients. KRAS mutations indicated inferior overall survival in patients with CRC stage IV. Our study showed that KRAS mutations and dMMR status could be applied to CRC patients with different clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yi Lian
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Xin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Zhi Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Bo Qiao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Wen Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- * Correspondence: Zhong-Wu Li, Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China (e-mail: )
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Liu A, Zheng Y, Yang P, Chu H, Hou X. Change in onset age of first primary colorectal cancer in the USA. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:45. [PMID: 36795178 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identifying the onset age of cancer is essential for its early intervention. The aim of this study was to characterize the features and investigate the variation tendency of first primary colorectal cancer (CRC) onset age in the USA. METHODS For this retrospective population-based cohort analysis, data on patients diagnosed with first primary CRC (n = 330,977) between 1992 and 2017 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset. Annual percent changes (APC) and average APCs were calculated to examine the changes in average age at CRC diagnosis using the Joinpoint Regression Program. RESULTS From 1992 to 2017, the average age at CRC diagnosis decreased from 67.0 to 61.2 years, declining by 0.22% and 0.45% annually before and after 2000. The age at diagnosis was lower in the distal than in the proximal CRC cases and the age has the downward trends in all subgroups of sex, race, and stage. Over one-fifth of CRC patients were initially diagnosed with distantly metastatic CRC, with the age lower than that in localized CRC cases (63.5 vs 64.8 years). CONCLUSIONS The first primary CRC onset age has decreased significantly in the USA over the last 25 years and the modern lifestyle may be responsible for the decline. Specifically, the age of proximal CRC is invariably higher than that of distal CRC. Moreover, the age of advanced stage is lower than that of the early stage. Clinicians should adopt earlier screening age and more effective screening techniques for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Pengcheng Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huikuan Chu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Design and cytotoxic evaluation via apoptotic and antiproliferative activity for novel 11(4-aminophenylamino)neocryptolepine on hepatocellular and colorectal cancer cells. Apoptosis 2023; 28:653-668. [PMID: 36719468 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01810-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the cytotoxic activity of 11(4-Aminophenylamino)neocryptolepine (APAN), a novel derivative of neocryptolepine, on hepatocellular (HepG2) and colon (HCT-116) carcinoma cell lines as well as, the possible molecular mechanism through which it exerts its cytotoxic activity. The APAN was synthesized and characterized based on their spectral analyses. Scanning for anticancer target of APAN by Swiss software indicated that APAN had highest affinity for protein tyrosine kinase 6 enzyme. Furthermore, Super pred software indicated that APAN can be indicated in hepatic and colorectal cells with 92%. Molecular docking studies indicated that the binding affinity scores of APAN for protein PDB code: 6CZ4 of tyrosine kinase 6 recorded of - 6.6084 and RMSD value of 0.8891°A, while that for protein PDB: 7JL7 of caspase 3 was - 6.1712 and RMSD of 0.8490°A. Treatment of HepG2 and HCT-116 cells with APAN induced cytotoxicity with IC50 of 2.6 and 1.82 μg/mL respectively. In addition, it induced injury and serious morphological changes in cells including, disappearance of microvilli, membrane blebbing, cytoplasmic condensation, and shrunken nucleus with more condensed chromatin. Moreover, APAN significantly increased protein expression of annexin V (apoptotic marker). Furthermore, APAN significantly increased protein expression of caspase 3 and P53. However, it significantly reduced secretion of VEGF protein into the medium and decreased protein expression of PCNA and Ki67 in HepG2 and HCT-116 cells. This study indicated that APAN had cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and HCT-116 cells via increasing the expression of apoptotic proteins and reducing the expression of proliferative proteins.
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He Y, Yang Y, Su X, Zhao B, Xiong S, Hu L. Incorporating higher order network structures to improve miRNA-disease association prediction based on functional modularity. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:6958503. [PMID: 36562706 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in many essential biological processes, their abnormal expressions can serve as biomarkers and prognostic indicators to prevent the development of complex diseases, thus providing accurate early detection and prognostic evaluation. Although a number of computational methods have been proposed to predict miRNA-disease associations (MDAs) for further experimental verification, their performance is limited primarily by the inadequacy of exploiting lower order patterns characterizing known MDAs to identify missing ones from MDA networks. Hence, in this work, we present a novel prediction model, namely HiSCMDA, by incorporating higher order network structures for improved performance of MDA prediction. To this end, HiSCMDA first integrates miRNA similarity network, disease similarity network and MDA network to preserve the advantages of all these networks. After that, it identifies overlapping functional modules from the integrated network by predefining several higher order connectivity patterns of interest. Last, a path-based scoring function is designed to infer potential MDAs based on network paths across related functional modules. HiSCMDA yields the best performance across all datasets and evaluation metrics in the cross-validation and independent validation experiments. Furthermore, in the case studies, 49 and 50 out of the top 50 miRNAs, respectively, predicted for colon neoplasms and lung neoplasms have been validated by well-established databases. Experimental results show that rich higher order organizational structures exposed in the MDA network gain new insight into the MDA prediction based on higher order connectivity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou He
- School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Bowei Zhao
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Shengwu Xiong
- School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lun Hu
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
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Akkın S, Varan G, Işık A, Gökşen S, Karakoç E, Malanga M, Esendağlı G, Korkusuz P, Bilensoy E. Synergistic Antitumor Potency of a Self-Assembling Cyclodextrin Nanoplex for the Co-Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Interleukin-2 in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020314. [PMID: 36839637 PMCID: PMC9963231 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the most used method after surgery in the treatment of colon cancer. Cancer cells escape the recognition mechanism of immune system cells to survive and develop chemoresistance. Therefore, the use of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy can increase the effectiveness of the treatment. Nanoparticles have been used clinically to increase the accumulation of therapeutics in target tissues and reduce toxicity. In this paper, nanoplexes were formed via cationic cyclodextrin polymer, 5-Fluorouracil, and Interleukin-2 based on the opposite charge interaction of macromolecules without undergoing any structural changes or losing the biological activity of Interleukin-2. Anticancer activities of nanoplexes were determined in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture setups. The dual drug-loaded cyclodextrin nanoplexes diffused deeper into the spheroids and accelerated apoptosis when compared with 5-FU solutions. In the colorectal tumor-bearing animal model, survival rate, antitumor activity, metastasis, and immune response parameters were assessed using a cyclodextrin derivative, which was found to be safe based on the ALT/AST levels in healthy mice. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the groups treated with the nanoplex formulation had significantly fewer initial tumors and lung foci when compared with the control. The dual drug-loaded nanoplex could be a promising drug delivery technique in the immunochemotherapy of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiye Akkın
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Varan
- Department of Vaccine Technology, Vaccine Institute, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Anıl Işık
- Department of Basic Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Gökşen
- Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoç
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Milo Malanga
- CycloLab-Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory, Organic Synthesis Laboratory, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Güneş Esendağlı
- Department of Basic Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical and Surgical Research, Institute of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Correspondence:
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He X, Lv X, Zhang B, Ying X, Hu C, Zhou X, Hu J. Adenoma Detection Rate in Average-Risk Population: An Observational Consecutive Retrospective Study. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231193243. [PMID: 37528552 PMCID: PMC10399273 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231193243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although colonoscopy is considered the most effective tool for reducing colorectal cancer-related morbidity, the age at which average-risk individuals begin colonoscopic screening is undetermined. This study aimed to compare the adenoma and advanced adenoma detection rates according to age and sex in a large average-risk population in the rural areas of Eastern China. METHODS This observational, single-center, retrospective study included patients with average colorectal cancer risk and examined the adenoma and advanced adenoma detection rates using age intervals of 5 years. We also compared the size and age of patients with and without advanced adenoma. RESULTS We included 18 928 patients with a median age of 54 years (range 15-90 years), including 10 143 men and 8785 women. The adenoma and advanced adenoma detection rates were 17.08% and 5.24%, respectively, and increased with age in the whole population. The adenoma detection rates increased from 8.97% (aged 40-44) to 14.98% (aged 45-49) and 6.24% (aged 45-49) to 11.00% (aged 50-54) in men and women (both P < .001), respectively. The advanced adenoma detection rates increased from 2.19% (aged 40-44) to 4.76% (aged 45-49) and 1.89% (aged 45-49) to 3.13% (aged 50-54) in men (P = .002) and women (P = .056), respectively. Patients with advanced adenomas were significantly older than those with non-advanced adenomas (P < .001). The tumors in the advanced adenoma group were significantly larger than those in the non-advanced adenoma group (P < .001). CONCLUSION The adenoma and advanced adenoma detection rates increased significantly in average-risk population aged 45 years and older, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Xiangyin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Chiyu Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianwen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dongyang Hospital affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
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Ghasemzadeh T, Hasannia M, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM, Nekooei S, Nekooei N, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. Preparation of targeted theranostic red blood cell membranes-based nanobubbles for treatment of colon adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:131-143. [PMID: 36427011 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2152792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Designing and fabrication of theranostic systems based on nanoscale gaseous vesicular systems, named nanobubbles (NBs), attracted enormous interest in recent years. Biomimetic vesicular platform (V-RBC-M) can improve the pharmacokinetics of the prepared platform due to augmented circulation half-life, desirable biodegradability and biocompatibility and reduced immunogenicity. METHODS V-RBC-M were used for the encapsulation of lipophilic camptothecin (CPT) in the bilayer of vesicles through top-down method, followed by filling the core of V-RBC-M with inert SF6 gas to fabricate NBs with ultrasonic contrast enhancement capability (SF6-NB-CPT). In the next step, targeted NBs were formed via decoration of MUC1 aptamer on the surface of NBs (Apt-SF6-NB-CPT). RESULTS The designed bio-NBs indicated high encapsulation efficiency and the sustained release of CPT at pH 7.4. In vitro study demonstrated higher cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of Apt-SF6-NB-CPT compared to SF6-NB-CPT in MUC1-overexpressing cells (C26). In vivo antitumor efficacy of the prepared NBs on C26 bearing BALB/c mice showed greater therapeutic efficacy and survival rate for Apt-SF6-NB-CPT. In this regard, SF6-NB-CPT showed 58% tumor growth suppression while Apt-SF6-NB-CPT system provided 95% tumor growth suppression. Furthermore, echogenic capability of SF6-NB-CPT was demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo ultrasonic imaging. CONCLUSIONS Our finding demonstrated that the prepared targeted NBs are a promising theranostic platform with effective therapeutic and diagnotic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahoora Ghasemzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Hasannia
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sirous Nekooei
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negar Nekooei
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sun X, Sun P, Sui Y, Tan C, Chen Y. Prognostic model based on six feature genes of intestinal flora subtypes predicts survival in colon cancer. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2126898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Sui
- Department of IVD Medical Marketing, 3D Medicine Inc., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Canliang Tan
- Departmemt of General Surgery, the Third Affilliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinggang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Sun J, Yin X, Zou C, Li H. Effects of behavioral change techniques on diet and physical activity in colorectal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2022; 31:29. [PMID: 36515770 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of behavior change technology on diet, exercise, and sedentary behaviors in colorectal cancer over the last decade. METHODS This study systematically searched six English databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, APA PsycInfo, SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and SINOMEd), searched for eligible clinical trials published between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021. Each database follows the principle of PICOS and adopts the method of subject words combined with free words to conduct literature retrieval, such as "colorectal cancer" and "behavior change intervention." Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Continuous data using the same measurement tools were analyzed using weighted mean difference (MD). Otherwise, standard mean difference (SMD) was used for analysis. The confidence interval is 95%. There was no significant statistical heterogeneity between the studies (P > 0.1, I2 < 50%), and fixed-effects model was used. There was statistical heterogeneity (P ≤ 0.1), I2 ≥ 50%), and the random effects model was used for analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. RESULTS In total, 15 good-quality randomized controlled trials were identified. Six studies focused on eating habits. Twelve studies focused on physical activity. We found that behavior change techniques had significant effects on colorectal cancer survivors' eating behaviors such as frequency of fruit and vegetable intake and mastery of dietary knowledge (P < 0.05). The meta-analysis showed that the amount of physical activity in the intervention group increased by 71.76 min/w (16.27 to 127.24, P = 0.01) at 3 months after treatment compared with the control group. The meta-analysis showed that the amount of physical activity in the intervention group increased by 113.97 min/w (48.34 to 179.59, P < 0.001) at 6 months after treatment compared with the control group. The results revealed significant difference in the overall effect of the behavior change technique on the amount of exercise. Behavior change techniques were not found to have significant effects on body weight and BMI in colorectal cancer survivors, but it had a significant effect on sedentary behavior (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The effects of behavioral change technique intervention on diet and physical activity may be more clinically significant at 6 months. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the effectiveness of a behavioral change techniques health behavior intervention in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Yin
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Congcong Zou
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Pan X, Hou X, Zhang F, Tang P, Wan W, Su Z, Yang Y, Wei W, Du Z, Deng J, Hao E. Gnetum montanum extract induces apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of AKT in SW480 human colon cancer cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:915-930. [PMID: 35587342 PMCID: PMC9122364 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2063340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gnetum montanum Markgr. (Gnetaceae) is used to treat rheumatic arthralgia and bruises in the clinic. OBJECTIVE To exam the activity and mechanism of G. montanum extract (GME) against colon cancer cells SW480. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-proliferative activity of GME (0-120 μg/mL) on SW480 cells was determined using MTS assay at 24, 48, and 72 h. The in vitro activity of GME (0-120 μg/mL) on SW480 cells was investigated using flow cytometry and western blotting analysis. The in vivo activity of GME was evaluated using xenograft tumour model of zebrafish and nude mice. The chemical composition of GME was detected by using HPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS The IC50 value SW480 cells viability by GME were 126.50, 78.25, and 50.77 μg/mL, respectively, for 24, 48, and 72 h. The experiments showed that apoptotic cells and G2/M phase cells increased from 20.81 to 61.53% (p < 0.01) and 25.76 to 34.93% with 120 μg/mL GME, respectively. GME also down-regulated the protein expression of P-AKT, P-GSK-3β, P-PDK1, P-c-Raf, caspase-3, and Bcl-2, and up-regulated the expression cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and Bax. In vivo study found that GME can significantly inhibit the growth and migration of SW480 cells in xenograft zebrafish. GME reduced the nude mice tumour weight to approximately 32.19% at 28 mg/kg/day and to 53.17% (p < 0.01) at 56 mg/kg/day. Forty-two compounds were identified from the GME. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS GME has a significant antitumor effect on colon cancer cells SW480, and it has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiling Tang
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wanruo Wan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixia Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yeguo Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengcai Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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