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Du X. Sympatho-adrenergic mechanisms in heart failure: new insights into pathophysiology. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2021; 1:47-77. [PMID: 37724075 PMCID: PMC10388789 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system is activated in the setting of heart failure (HF) to compensate for hemodynamic instability. However, acute sympathetic surge or sustained high neuronal firing rates activates β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) signaling contributing to myocardial remodeling, dysfunction and electrical instability. Thus, sympatho-βAR activation is regarded as a hallmark of HF and forms pathophysiological basis for β-blocking therapy. Building upon earlier research findings, studies conducted in the recent decades have significantly advanced our understanding on the sympatho-adrenergic mechanism in HF, which forms the focus of this article. This review notes recent research progress regarding the roles of cardiac β2AR or α1AR in the failing heart, significance of β1AR-autoantibodies, and βAR signaling through G-protein independent signaling pathways. Sympatho-βAR regulation of immune cells or fibroblasts is specifically discussed. On the neuronal aspects, knowledge is assembled on the remodeling of sympathetic nerves of the failing heart, regulation by presynaptic α2AR of NE release, and findings on device-based neuromodulation of the sympathetic nervous system. The review ends with highlighting areas where significant knowledge gaps exist but hold promise for new breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Du
- Faculty of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi’an710061, Shaanxi, China
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC3004, Australia
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Hyuga S, Parry RC, Danielsson J, Vink J, Fu XW, Wu A, Dan W, Yim PD, Gallos G. Anoctamin 1 antagonism potentiates conventional tocolytic-mediated relaxation of pregnant human uterine smooth muscle. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:7. [PMID: 33618673 PMCID: PMC9352361 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00792-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently available tocolytic agents are not effective treatment for preterm labor beyond 48 h. A major reason is the development of maternal side effects which preclude the maintenance of an effective steady-state drug concentration. One strategy that can mitigate these side effects is utilizing synergistic drug combinations to reduce the drug concentrations necessary to elicit a clinical effect. We have previously shown that three anoctamin 1 (ANO1) antagonists mediate potent relaxation of precontracted human uterine smooth muscle (USM). In this study, we aimed to determine whether a combination of sub-relaxatory doses of tocolytic drugs in current clinical use [the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) blocker, nifedipine (NIF); and the β2-adrenergic (β2AR) agonist, terbutaline (TRB)] will potentiate USM relaxation with two ANO1 antagonists [benzbromarone (BB) and MONNA (MN)]. OBJECTIVE This study sought to examine the synergistic potency and mechanistic basis of two ANO1 antagonists with currently available tocolytic drugs. Functional endpoints assessed included relaxation of pre-contracting pregnant human USM tissue, inhibition of intracellular calcium release, and reduction of spontaneous transient inward current (STIC) recordings in human uterine smooth muscle cells. METHODS Human myometrial strips and primary human USM cells were used in organ bath and calcium flux experiments with different combinations of sub-threshold doses of ANO1 antagonists and terbutaline or nifedipine to determine if ANO1 antagonists potentiate tocolytic drugs. RESULTS The combination of sub-threshold doses of two ANO1 antagonists and current tocolytic drugs demonstrate a significant degree of synergy to relax human pregnant USM compared to the effects achieved when these drugs are administered individually. CONCLUSION A combination of sub-threshold doses of VGCC blocker and β2AR agonist with ANO1 antagonists potentiates relaxation of oxytocin-induced contractility and calcium flux in human USM ex vivo. Our findings may serve as a foundation for novel tocolytic drug combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Hyuga
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Robert C Parry
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jennifer Danielsson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joy Vink
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao Wen Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Amy Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - William Dan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Peter D Yim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - George Gallos
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 W. 168th St. P&S Box 46, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Tae HJ, Petrashevskaya N, Kim IH, Park JH, Lee JC, Won MH, Kim YH, Ahn JH, Park J, Choi SY, Jeon YH. G protein, phosphorylated-GATA4 and VEGF expression in the hearts of transgenic mice overexpressing β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4049-4054. [PMID: 28487987 PMCID: PMC5436146 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (ARs) regulate cardiac contractility, calcium handling and protein phosphorylation. The present study aimed to examine the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and several G proteins, and the phosphorylation of transcription factor GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), by western blot analysis, using isolated hearts from 6 month-old transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress β1AR or β2AR. Cardiac contractility/relaxation and heart rate was increased in both β1AR TG and β2AR TG mouse hearts compared with wild type; however, no significant differences were observed between the β1- and β2AR TG mouse hearts. Protein expression levels of inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein (Gi) 2, Gi3 and G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 were upregulated in both TG mice, although the upregulation of Gi2 was more prominent in the β2AR TG mice. VEGF-A expression levels were also increased in both TG mice, and were highest in the β1AR TG mice. In addition, the levels of phosphorylated-GATA4 expression were increased in β1- and β2AR TG mice. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that cardiac contractility/relaxation and heart rate is increased in β1AR TG and β2AR TG mice, and indicated that this increase may be related to the overexpression of G proteins and G-protein-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Tae
- Bio‑Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeollabuk 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalia Petrashevskaya
- Cardiopulmonary Genomics Program, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - In Hye Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Jeon
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24289, Republic of Korea
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Maccari S, Buoncervello M, Rampin A, Spada M, Macchia D, Giordani L, Stati T, Bearzi C, Catalano L, Rizzi R, Gabriele L, Marano G. Biphasic effects of propranolol on tumour growth in B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:139-149. [PMID: 27792834 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Propranolol is a vasoactive drug that shows antiangiogenic and antitumour activities in melanoma. However, it is unknown whether these activities are dose-dependent and whether there is a relationship between systemic vascular effects of propranolol and anti-melanoma activity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of increasing doses of propranolol (10, 20, 30 and 40 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) on tumour growth were studied in B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice. Histological and biochemical analyses were used to assess propranolol effects on angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) was evaluated by measuring cardiac output and arterial BP. KEY RESULTS In vitro analyses revealed that B16F10 cells expressed β-adrenoceptors, but neither isoprenaline, a β-adrenoceptor agonist, nor the β-blocker propranolol affected cancer cell proliferation. In vivo studies showed that the antitumour efficacy of propranolol follows a U-shaped biphasic dose-response curve. Low doses (10 and 20 mg·kg-1 ·day-1 ) significantly inhibit tumour growth, whereas higher doses are progressively less effective. We also found that high-dose propranolol stimulates tumour arteriogenesis whereas no effect on angiogenesis was observed at any dose. Based on these data and considering that propranolol is a vasoactive drug, we hypothesized that it causes systemic vasoconstriction or vasodilation depending on the dose and thus alters tumour perfusion and growth. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that propranolol has a biphasic effect on SVR with low and high doses producing vasoconstriction and vasodilation respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Propranolol inhibits melanoma growth in a U-shaped biphasic manner. A direct relationship exists between SVR and anti-melanoma activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Maccari
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Buoncervello
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rampin
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Spada
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Macchia
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Giordani
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Tonino Stati
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Rizzi
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Institute, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Gabriele
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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