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Varga AJ, Nemeth IB, Kemeny L, Varga J, Tiszlavicz L, Kumar D, Dodd S, Simpson AWM, Buknicz T, Beynon R, Simpson D, Krenacs T, Dockray GJ, Varro A. Elevated Serum Gastrin Is Associated with Melanoma Progression: Putative Role in Increased Migration and Invasion of Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16851. [PMID: 38069171 PMCID: PMC10706711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-environmental factors, including stromal and immune cells, cytokines, and circulating hormones are well recognized to determine cancer progression. Melanoma cell growth was recently shown to be suppressed by cholecystokinin/gastrin (CCK) receptor antagonists, and our preliminary data suggested that melanoma patients with Helicobacter gastritis (which is associated with elevated serum gastrin) might have an increased risk of cancer progression. Therefore, in the present study, we examined how gastrin may act on melanoma cells. In 89 melanoma patients, we found a statistically significant association between circulating gastrin concentrations and melanoma thickness and metastasis, which are known risk factors of melanoma progression and prognosis. Immunocytochemistry using a validated antibody confirmed weak to moderate CCK2R expression in both primary malignant melanoma cells and the melanoma cell lines SK-MEL-2 and G361. Furthermore, among the 219 tumors in the Skin Cutaneous Melanoma TCGA Pan-Cancer dataset showing gastrin receptor (CCKBR) expression, significantly higher CCKBR mRNA levels were linked to stage III-IV than stage I-II melanomas. In both cell lines, gastrin increased intracellular calcium levels and stimulated cell migration and invasion through mechanisms inhibited by a CCK2 receptor antagonist. Proteomic studies identified increased MMP-2 and reduced TIMP-3 levels in response to gastrin that were likely to contribute to the increased migration of both cell lines. However, the effects of gastrin on tumor cell invasion were relatively weak in the presence of the extracellular matrix. Nevertheless, dermal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, known also to express CCK2R, increased gastrin-induced cancer cell invasion. Our data suggest that in a subset of melanoma patients, an elevated serum gastrin concentration is a risk factor for melanoma tumor progression, and that gastrin may act on both melanoma and adjacent stromal cells through CCK2 receptors to promote mechanisms of tumor migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akos Janos Varga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Istvan Balazs Nemeth
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lajos Kemeny
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Janos Varga
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Steven Dodd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Alec W. M. Simpson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Tunde Buknicz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rob Beynon
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
| | - Deborah Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
| | - Tibor Krenacs
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Graham J. Dockray
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrea Varro
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK (G.J.D.); (A.V.)
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Yablecovitch D, Mahajna H, Horesh N, Katz E, Picard O, Yavzori M, Fudim E, Saker T, Ben-Horin S, Laish I. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-7: a potential biomarker in patients with Lynch Syndrome. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7471-7477. [PMID: 37480510 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The expression of tissue and serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was shown to be elevated both in colon cancer and dysplastic lesions. We aimed to evaluate, for the first time, its role as a diagnostic marker in Lynch syndrome (LS) carriers, a hereditary syndrome with predisposition to colon cancer. METHODS This was a case control study. Baseline serum MMP-7 levels were determined by ELISA in 40 colon cancer patients, 62 LS-carriers and 60 healthy controls. Retrieved data from medical files included demographics, background diseases, clinical data regarding tumor characteristics and genetic data. We assessed the association of serum MMP-7 levels with different variables in the study cohort using linear regression model adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS In crude analysis, serum MMP-7 levels were significantly higher in colon cancer group compared to LS-carriers and controls [median (IQR) 4.1 ng/ml (2.7-6.0), 2.3 ng/ml (1.7-3.1), 2.5 ng/ml (1.5-3.7), respectively; p value - p < 0.001) while there was no difference between the two last groups (p value = 0.583). However, after adjusting for age and gender, LS-carriers' patients had 18% higher concentrations of serum MMP-7 compared to healthy controls (p value = 0.037), while colon cancer patients had 50% higher serum MMP-7 level in comparison to healthy controls (p value < 0.001). Additionally, age was positively associated with higher serum MMP-7 levels across all study groups (r = 0.67, p value < 0.001). In contrast, no correlation was observed between serum MMP-7 and either tumor staging and gene mutation. CONCLUSIONS Age-adjusted serum MMP-7 levels in asymptomatic LS carriers are higher than its levels in healthy population. While in colon cancer, MMP-7 higher level probably reflects the tumor burden and may have a prognostic effect, its significance and clinical applicability as a biomarker for tumorigenesis in LS is less clear and should be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doron Yablecovitch
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Hussein Mahajna
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Horesh
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B/C, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Efraim Katz
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B/C, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Picard
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miri Yavzori
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ella Fudim
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Talia Saker
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shomron Ben-Horin
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Laish
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Tanabe H, Suzuki T, Ohishi T, Isemura M, Nakamura Y, Unno K. Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Matrix Metalloproteinases in Terms of Its Anticancer Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020525. [PMID: 36677584 PMCID: PMC9862901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of green tea has beneficial effects against cancer. Basic studies have provided evidence that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major contributor to these effects. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent metalloproteinases with the ability to degrade the extracellular matrix proteins and are involved in various diseases including cancer in which MMPs have a critical role in invasion and metastasis. In this review, we discuss the effects of EGCG on several types of MMPs in the context of its anticancer activity. In the promoter region, MMPs have binding sites for at least one transcription factor of AP-1, Sp1, and NF-κB, and EGCG can downregulate these transcription factors through signaling pathways mediated by reactive oxygen species. EGCG can also decrease nuclear ERK, p38, heat shock protein-27 (Hsp27), and β-catenin levels, leading to suppression of MMPs' expression. Other mechanisms by which EGCG inhibits MMPs include direct binding to MMPs to prevent their activation and downregulation of NF-κB to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Findings from studies on EGCG presented here may be useful in the development of more effective anti-MMP agents, which would give beneficial effects on cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanabe
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro 096-8641, Hokkaido, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Science, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu 410-0301, Shizuoka, Japan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Laboratory of Oncology, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shinagawa, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (T.O.)
| | - Mamoru Isemura
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Keiko Unno
- Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Impact of the Tumor Microenvironment for Esophageal Tumor Development—An Opportunity for Prevention? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092246. [PMID: 35565378 PMCID: PMC9100503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Researchers increasingly appreciate the tumor microenvironment (TME) for its role in the development and therapy resistance of cancers like esophageal adenocarcinoma. A better understanding of the TME fueling carcinogenesis is necessary for tailored prevention and therapies. Here, we highlight recent insights into tumor initiation, interactions with the immune system and possible novel preventative measures. Abstract Despite therapeutical advancements, and in contrast to other malignancies, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) prognosis remains dismal while the incidence has markedly increased worldwide over the past decades. EAC is a malignancy of the distal esophageal squamous epithelium at the squamocolumnar junction with gastric cells expanding into the esophagus. Most EAC patients have a history of Barret’s esophagus (BE), a metaplastic adaption to chronic reflux, initially causing an inflammatory microenvironment. Thus, the immune system is highly involved early on in disease development and progression. Normally, anti-tumor immunity could prevent carcinogenesis but in rare cases BE still progresses over a dysplastic intermediate state to EAC. The inflammatory milieu during the initial esophagitis phase changes to a tolerogenic immune environment in BE, and back to pro-inflammatory conditions in dysplasia and finally to an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment in EAC. Consequently, there is a huge interest in understanding the underpinnings that lead to the inflammation driven stepwise progression of the disease. Since knowledge about the constellations of the various involved cells and signaling molecules is currently fragmentary, a comprehensive description of these changes is needed, allowing better preventative measures, diagnosis, and novel therapeutic targets.
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Liu F, Zhou J, Zhang X, Fang S, Liu R, Chen G, Luo Y, Zhang Z, Cheng Y, Wang L, Guo J, Zou Y. Whole-exome sequencing and functional validation reveals a rare missense variant in MMP7 confers ovarian endometriosis risk. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2595-2605. [PMID: 35288736 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that genetic factors play important roles in ovarian endometriosis. Herein, we first analyzed the WES data from 158 patients with ovarian endometriosis and 385 local control women without endometriosis. Among which, a rare missense variant in the MMP7 (p.I79T, rs150338402) gene exhibited significant frequency difference. This rare variant was screened in an additional 1176 patients and 600 control women via direct DNA sequencing. Meanwhile, a total of 38 available clinical characteristics were collected. Our results showed 45 out of 1334 (3.37%) patients, while 15 out of 985 control women (1.52%) (P = 0.0076) harbored this rare variant, respectively. This rare variant was associated with clinical features such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, Padj = 0.0342), luteinizing hormone (LH, Padj = 0.0038), progesterone (PROG, Padj = 1.4e-7), testosterone (TESTO, Padj = 0.0923), total bilirubin (TBIL, Padj = 0.0699), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, Padj = 0.0665), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC, Padj = 0.0817), respectively. Functional assays showed this rare variant could promote cell migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increase the proteolytic protein activity of MMP7, implicating that the increased capacities of cell invasion, migration, and EMT might be mediated by enhanced proteolytic activity of MMP7 mutant. These results showed the MMP7 rare missense variant (p.I79T) played important roles in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis. In conclusion, we identified for the first time, a significantly enriched MMP7 rare variant in ovarian endometriosis; this rare variant was closely associated with certain clinical features in ovarian endometriosis, thus, it could be a promising early diagnostic biomarker for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jiangyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shufen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Rongfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yufen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Reproductive Health, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jiubai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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Maslyonkina KS, Konyukova AK, Alexeeva DY, Sinelnikov MY, Mikhaleva LM. Barrett's esophagus: The pathomorphological and molecular genetic keystones of neoplastic progression. Cancer Med 2021; 11:447-478. [PMID: 34870375 PMCID: PMC8729054 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus is a widespread chronically progressing disease of heterogeneous nature. A life threatening complication of this condition is neoplastic transformation, which is often overlooked due to lack of standardized approaches in diagnosis, preventative measures and treatment. In this essay, we aim to stratify existing data to show specific associations between neoplastic transformation and the underlying processes which predate cancerous transition. We discuss pathomorphological, genetic, epigenetic, molecular and immunohistochemical methods related to neoplasia detection on the basis of Barrett's esophagus. Our review sheds light on pathways of such neoplastic progression in the distal esophagus, providing valuable insight into progression assessment, preventative targets and treatment modalities. Our results suggest that molecular, genetic and epigenetic alterations in the esophagus arise earlier than cancerous transformation, meaning the discussed targets can help form preventative strategies in at-risk patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Darya Y Alexeeva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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7
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Jeon JI, Lee KH, Kim JM. Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Upregulates Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Expression through MAPK and AP-1 Activation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Leading to Syndecan-2 Release. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111817. [PMID: 34769248 PMCID: PMC8583974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin (BFT) produced by enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) causes colonic inflammation. BFT initially contacts intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and affects the intestinal barrier. Although molecular components of the gut epithelial barrier such as metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and syndecan-2 are known to be associated with inflammation, little has been reported about MMP-7 expression and syndecan-2 shedding in response to ETBF infection. This study explores the role of BFT in MMP-7 induction and syndecan-2 release in IECs. Stimulating IECs with BFT led to the induction of MMP-7 and the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1. MMP-7 upregulation was not affected by NF-κB, but it was related to AP-1 activation. In BFT-exposed IECs, syndecan-2 release was observed in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. MMP-7 suppression was associated with a reduction in syndecan-2 release. In addition, suppression of ERK, one of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), inhibited AP-1 activity and MMP-7 expression. Furthermore, the suppression of AP-1 and ERK activity was related to the attenuation of syndecan-2 release. These results suggest that a signaling cascade comprising ERK and AP-1 activation in IECs is involved in MMP-7 upregulation and syndecan-2 release during exposure to BFT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (J.M.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2220-0642 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2220-0645 (J.M.K.); Fax: +82-2-2282-0645 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2282-0645 (J.M.K.)
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (J.M.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2220-0642 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2220-0645 (J.M.K.); Fax: +82-2-2282-0645 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2282-0645 (J.M.K.)
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Cruz-Acuña R, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Burdick JA, Rustgi AK. Emerging technologies provide insights on cancer extracellular matrix biology and therapeutics. iScience 2021; 24:102475. [PMID: 34027324 PMCID: PMC8131321 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent engineering technologies have transformed traditional perspectives of cancer to include the important role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in recapitulating the malignant behaviors of cancer cells. Novel biomaterials and imaging technologies have advanced our understanding of the role of ECM density, structure, mechanics, and remodeling in tumor cell-ECM interactions in cancer biology and have provided new approaches in the development of cancer therapeutics. Here, we review emerging technologies in cancer ECM biology and recent advances in engineered systems for evaluating cancer therapeutics and provide new perspectives on how engineering tools present an opportunity for advancing the modeling and treatment of cancer. This review offers the cell biology and cancer cell biology communities insight into how engineering tools can improve our understanding of cancer ECM biology and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cruz-Acuña
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jason A. Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anil K. Rustgi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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9
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Liao HY, Da CM, Liao B, Zhang HH. Roles of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in cancer. Clin Biochem 2021; 92:9-18. [PMID: 33713636 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is a small proteolytic enzyme that secretes zinc and calcium endopeptidases. It can degrade a variety of extracellular matrix substrates and other substrates and plays important regulatory roles in many human pathophysiological processes. Since its discovery, MMP-7 has been recognized as a regulatory protein in wound healing, bone growth, and remodeling. Later, MMP-7 was reported to regulate the occurrence and development of cancers and mediate the proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of several types of cancer cells via various mechanisms. Thus, matrix metalloproteinase-7 may be a promising tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. The expression of MMP-7 correlates with the clinical characteristics of cancer patients, and its expression profile is a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for a variety of human diseases. Hence, manipulating the expression or function of MMP-7 may be a potential treatment strategy for different diseases including cancers. This review summarizes the role played by MMP-7 in carcinogenesis of several human cancers, underlying mechanisms, and its clinical significance of the occurrence and development of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Chao-Ming Da
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Bei Liao
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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10
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Impact of Deoxycholic Acid on Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Invasion: Effect on Matrix Metalloproteinases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218042. [PMID: 33126685 PMCID: PMC7672620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) have been implicated in the development of oesophagitis, Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). However, whether BAs promote cancer invasiveness has not been elucidated. We evaluated the role of BAs, in particular deoxycholic acid (DCA), in OAC invasion. Migration and invasiveness in untreated and BA-treated oesophageal SKGT-4 cancer cells were evaluated. Activity and expression of different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were determined by zymography, ELISA, PCR and Western blot. Finally, human OAC tissues were stained for MMP-10 by immunohistochemistry. It was found that SKGT-4 cells incubated with low concentrations of DCA had a significant increase in invasion. In addition, MMP-10 mRNA and protein expression were also increased in the presence of DCA. MMP-10 was found to be highly expressed both in-vitro and in-vivo in neoplastic OAC cells relative to non-neoplastic squamous epithelial cells. Our results show that DCA promotes OAC invasion and MMP-10 overexpression. This study will advance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in human OAC and shows promise for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Han P, Cao P, Hu S, Kong K, Deng Y, Zhao B, Li F. Esophageal Microenvironment: From Precursor Microenvironment to Premetastatic Niche. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5857-5879. [PMID: 32765088 PMCID: PMC7371556 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth most deadly cancer, and its incidence is still increasing year by year. Although the researches on the molecular mechanisms of EC have been widely carried out and incremental progress has been made, its overall survival rate is still low. There is cumulative evidence showing that the esophageal microenvironment plays a vital role in the development of EC. In precancerous lesions of the esophagus, high-risk environmental factors can promote the development of precancerous lesions by inducing the production of inflammatory factors and the recruitment of immune cells. In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-promoting cells can inhibit anti-tumor immunity and promote tumor progression through a variety of pathways, such as bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs). The formation of extracellular hypoxia and acidic microenvironment and the change of extracellular matrix stiffness are also important factors affecting tumor progression and metastasis. Simultaneously, primary tumor-derived cytokines and bone marrow-derived immune cells can also promote the formation of pre-metastasis niche of EC lymph nodes, which are beneficial to EC lymph node metastasis. Further research on the specific mechanism of these processes in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of each EC subtype will support us to grasp the overall pre-cancerous prevention, targeted treatment, and metastatic assessment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangle Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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Esophageal Cancer Development: Crucial Clues Arising from the Extracellular Matrix. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020455. [PMID: 32079295 PMCID: PMC7072790 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been reported as playing a relevant role in esophageal cancer (EC) development, with this compartment being related to several aspects of EC genesis and progression. This sounds very interesting due to the complexity of this highly incident and lethal tumor, which takes the sixth position in mortality among all tumor types worldwide. The well-established increase in ECM stiffness, which is able to trigger mechanotransduction signaling, is capable of regulating several malignant behaviors by converting alteration in ECM mechanics into cytoplasmatic biochemical signals. In this sense, it has been shown that some molecules play a key role in these events, particularly the different collagen isoforms, as well as enzymes related to its turnover, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In fact, MMPs are not only involved in ECM stiffness, but also in other events related to ECM homeostasis, which includes ECM remodeling. Therefore, the crucial role of distinct MMPs isoform has already been reported, especially MMP-2, -3, -7, and -9, along EC development, thus strongly associating these proteins with the control of important cellular events during tumor progression, particularly in the process of invasion during metastasis establishment. In addition, by distinct mechanisms, a vast diversity of glycoproteins and proteoglycans, such as laminin, fibronectin, tenascin C, galectin, dermatan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid exert remarkable effects in esophageal malignant cells due to the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways mainly involved in cytoskeleton alterations during adhesion and migration processes. Finally, the wide spectrum of interactions potentially mediated by ECM may represent a singular intervention scenario in esophageal carcinogenesis natural history and, due to the scarce knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in EC development, the growing body of evidence on ECM’s role along esophageal carcinogenesis might provide a solid base to improve its management in the future.
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