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Kim J, Kim TJ, Chae S, Ha H, Park Y, Park S, Yoon CJ, Lim SA, Lee H, Kim J, Kim J, Im K, Lee K, Kim J, Kim D, Lee E, Shin MH, Park SI, Rhee I, Jung K, Lee J, Lee KH, Hwang D, Lee KM. Targeted deletion of CD244 on monocytes promotes differentiation into anti-tumorigenic macrophages and potentiates PD-L1 blockade in melanoma. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:45. [PMID: 38424542 PMCID: PMC10903025 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the myeloid compartment of the tumor microenvironment, CD244 signaling has been implicated in immunosuppressive phenotype of monocytes. However, the precise molecular mechanism and contribution of CD244 to tumor immunity in monocytes/macrophages remains elusive due to the co-existing lymphoid cells expressing CD244. METHODS To directly assess the role of CD244 in tumor-associated macrophages, monocyte-lineage-specific CD244-deficient mice were generated using cre-lox recombination and challenged with B16F10 melanoma. The phenotype and function of tumor-infiltrating macrophages along with antigen-specific CD8 T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing data analysis, and the molecular mechanism underlying anti-tumorigenic macrophage differentiation, antigen presentation, phagocytosis was investigated ex vivo. Finally, the clinical feasibility of CD244-negative monocytes as a therapeutic modality in melanoma was confirmed by adoptive transfer experiments. RESULTS CD244fl/flLysMcre mice demonstrated a significant reduction in tumor volume (61% relative to that of the CD244fl/fl control group) 14 days after tumor implantation. Within tumor mass, CD244fl/flLysMcre mice also showed higher percentages of Ly6Clow macrophages, along with elevated gp100+IFN-γ+ CD8 T cells. Flow cytometry and RNA sequencing data demonstrated that ER stress resulted in increased CD244 expression on monocytes. This, in turn, impeded the generation of anti-tumorigenic Ly6Clow macrophages, phagocytosis and MHC-I antigen presentation by suppressing autophagy pathways. Combining anti-PD-L1 antibody with CD244-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages markedly improved tumor rejection compared to the anti-PD-L1 antibody alone or in combination with wild-type macrophages. Consistent with the murine data, transcriptome analysis of human melanoma tissue single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset revealed close association between CD244 and the inhibition of macrophage maturation and function. Furthermore, the presence of CD244-negative monocytes/macrophages significantly increased patient survival in primary and metastatic tumors. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the novel role of CD244 on monocytes/macrophages in restraining anti-tumorigenic macrophage generation and tumor antigen-specific T cell response in melanoma. Importantly, our findings suggest that CD244-deficient macrophages could potentially be used as a therapeutic agent in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, CD244 expression in monocyte-lineage cells serve as a prognostic marker in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongsoo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art, Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hyojeong Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Yejin Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Sunghee Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Chul Joo Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Seon Ah Lim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyunghye Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Daham Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Eunju Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Min Hwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- Immune Research Institute, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, 04805, South Korea
| | - Serk In Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Inmoo Rhee
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Kyung-Mi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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Lee EH, Choi MH, Lee KH, Kim D, Jeong SH, Song YG, Han SH. Intrahospital transmission and infection control of Candida auris originating from a severely infected COVID-19 patient transferred abroad. J Hosp Infect 2024; 143:140-149. [PMID: 37939883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahospital spread of Candida auris, which survives tenaciously in many environments, can cause sustained colonization and infection. A large outbreak of C. auris was experienced in the intensive care units (ICUs) at the study hospital during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS The index patient with severe COVID-19, who was transferred from Vietnam in January 2022, developed C. auris candidaemia 10 days after hospitalization. From mid-June 2022 to January 2023, strengthened infection prevention and control (IPC) measures were implemented in three ICUs: (1) contact precautions and isolation (CPI) for C. auris-positive cases; (2) surveillance cultures including point-prevalence (N=718) for patients or close contacts or ICU-resident healthcare workers (HCWs); (3) intensive environmental disinfection with 10-fold diluted bleach; and (4) 2% chlorhexidine bathing for all ICU patients. Environmental cultures (ECx) on surfaces and shared objects (N=276) were conducted until early September 2022, when all ECx were negative. RESULTS Among 53 C. auris-positive patients between February 2022 and January 2023, invasive infections resulted in seven cases of candidaemia and one case of pneumonia. C. auris was isolated from reusable tympanic thermometers (TTMs) contaminated with earwax. The isolation rate of C. auris in ECx decreased from 6.8% in June 2022 to 2.0% in August 2022, and was no longer detected in TTMs. Colonization in HCWs was remarkably rare (0.5%). The number of C. auris-positive patients peaked in July (N=10) then decreased gradually. By January 2023, no C. auris were isolated in the ICU. CONCLUSION Aggressive IPC measures with CPI, ECx and surveillance, decontamination of TTMs, and bathing were effective in successfully controlling this C. auris outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Song
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Han
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Abbasi RU, Allen MG, Arimura R, Belz JW, Bergman DR, Blake SA, Shin BK, Buckland IJ, Cheon BG, Fujii T, Fujisue K, Fujita K, Fukushima M, Furlich GD, Gerber ZR, Globus N, Hibino K, Higuchi R, Honda K, Ikeda D, Ito H, Iwasaki A, Jeong S, Jeong HM, Jui CH, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev OE, Kasahara K, Kawata K, Kharuk I, Kido E, Kim SW, Kim HB, Kim JH, Kim JH, Komae I, Kubota Y, Kuznetsov MY, Lee KH, Lubsandorzhiev BK, Lundquist JP, Matthews JN, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nakazawa A, Nonaka T, Ogio S, Ono M, Oshima H, Park IH, Potts M, Pshirkov S, Remington JR, Rodriguez DC, Rott C, Rubtsov GI, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakaki N, Sako T, Sakurai N, Shin H, Smith JD, Sokolsky P, Stokes BT, Stroman TS, Takahashi K, Takeda M, Taketa A, Tameda Y, Thomas S, Thomson GB, Tinyakov PG, Tkachev I, Tomida T, Troitsky SV, Tsunesada Y, Udo S, Urban FR, Wong T, Yamazaki K, Yuma Y, Zhezher YV, Zundel Z. An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array. Science 2023; 382:903-907. [PMID: 37995237 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting areas. In this work, we report the detection of an extremely energetic particle recorded by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment. We calculate the particle's energy as [Formula: see text] (~40 joules). Its arrival direction points back to a void in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Possible explanations include a large deflection by the foreground magnetic field, an unidentified source in the local extragalactic neighborhood, or an incomplete knowledge of particle physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R U Abbasi
- Physics Department, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M G Allen
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - R Arimura
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - J W Belz
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D R Bergman
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S A Blake
- Stellar Science, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - B K Shin
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 44919, Ulsan, Korea
| | - I J Buckland
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - B G Cheon
- Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - T Fujii
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
- Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - K Fujisue
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - K Fujita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Fukushima
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - G D Furlich
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Z R Gerber
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - N Globus
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - K Hibino
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - R Higuchi
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - K Honda
- University of Yamanashi, Kofu, 400-8510, Japan
| | - D Ikeda
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - H Ito
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - A Iwasaki
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Jeong
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H M Jeong
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - C H Jui
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Kadota
- Department of Natural Sciences, Tokyo City University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8557, Japan
| | - F Kakimoto
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - O E Kalashev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - K Kasahara
- Shibauta Institute of Technology and Sicence, Fukasaku 307, Minuma-ku, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Kawata
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - I Kharuk
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - E Kido
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - H B Kim
- Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J H Kim
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - I Komae
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - M Y Kuznetsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - B K Lubsandorzhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - J P Lundquist
- Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - J N Matthews
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Nagataki
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - A Nakazawa
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - T Nonaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Ogio
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Ono
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
- Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - H Oshima
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - I H Park
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - M Potts
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S Pshirkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - J R Remington
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Martin Road, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - D C Rodriguez
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Integrated Support Center for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Nuclear Security, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - C Rott
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Physics, SungKyunKwan University, Jang-an-gu, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - G I Rubtsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 44919, Ulsan, Korea
| | - H Sagawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - N Sakaki
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - T Sako
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - N Sakurai
- Faculty of Design Technology, 3-1-1 Nakagaito, Daito City, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Shin
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - J D Smith
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P Sokolsky
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - B T Stokes
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - T S Stroman
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Takahashi
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - M Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan
| | - A Taketa
- Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Y Tameda
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - S Thomas
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - G B Thomson
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P G Tinyakov
- Universite Libre de Bruxelles, bvd du Triomphe CP225, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Tkachev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - T Tomida
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - S V Troitsky
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - S Udo
- Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - F R Urban
- The Central European Institute for Cosmology and Fundamental Physics, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Wong
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K Yamazaki
- College of Engineering, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Y Yuma
- Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering, Shinshu University, Nagano, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
| | - Y V Zhezher
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - Z Zundel
- High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Lee K, Seok JH, Kim H, Park S, Lee S, Bae JY, Jeon K, Kang JG, Yoo JR, Heo ST, Cho NH, Lee KH, Kim K, Park MS, Kim JI. Genome-informed investigation of the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011630. [PMID: 37713429 PMCID: PMC10529592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a viral pathogen causing significant clinical signs from mild fever with thrombocytopenia to severe hemorrhages. World Health Organization has paid special attention to the dramatic increase in human SFTS cases in China, Japan, and South Korea since the 2010s. The present study investigated the molecular evolution and genetic reassortment of SFTSVs using complete genomic sequences. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDING We collected the complete genome sequences of SFTSVs globally isolated until 2019 (L segment, n = 307; M segment, n = 326; and S segment, n = 564) and evaluated the evolutionary profiles of SFTSVs based on phylogenetic and molecular selection pressure analyses. By employing a time-scaled Bayesian inference method, we found the geographical heterogeneity of dominant SFTSV genotypes in China, Japan, and South Korea around several centuries before and locally spread by tick-born spillover with infrequent long-distance transmission. Purifying selection predominated the molecular evolution of SFTSVs with limited gene reassortment and fixed substitution, but almost all three gene segments appeared to harbor at least one amino acid residue under positive selection. Specifically, the nonstructural protein and glycoprotein (Gn/Gc) genes were preferential selective targets, and the Gn region retained the highest number of positively selected residues. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Here, the large-scale genomic analyses of SFTSVs improved prior knowledge of how this virus emerged and evolved in China, Japan, and South Korea. Our results highlight the importance of SFTSV surveillance in both human and non-human reservoirs at the molecular level to fight against fatal human infection with the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuyoung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyeon Seok
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeen Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Laboratory for Vector Borne Disease, Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Vaccine Innovation Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Jeon K, Ro HJ, Kang JG, Jeong DE, Kim J, Lee Y, Yoon GY, Kang JI, Bae JY, Kim JI, Park MS, Lee KH, Cho HS, Kim Y, Cho NH. A natural variation in the RNA polymerase of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus enhances viral replication and in vivo virulence. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29099. [PMID: 37702580 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne disease with high mortality in Eastern Asia. The disease is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV), also known as Dabie bandavirus, which has a segmented RNA genome consisting of L, M, and S segments. Previous studies have suggested differential viral virulence depending on the genotypes of SFTSV; however, the critical viral factor involved in the differential viral virulence is unknown. Here, we found a significant difference in viral replication in vitro and virulence in vivo between two Korean isolates belonging to the F and B genotypes, respectively. By generating viral reassortants using the two viral strains, we demonstrated that the L segment, which encodes viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), is responsible for the enhanced viral replication and virulence. Comparison of amino acid sequences and viral replication rates revealed a point variation, E251K, on the surface of RdRp to be the most significant determinant for the enhanced viral replication rate and in vivo virulence. The effect of the variation was further confirmed using recombinant SFTSV generated by reverse genetic engineering. Therefore, our results indicate that natural variations affecting the viral replicase activity could significantly contribute to the viral virulence of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongseok Jeon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Ro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gu Kang
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Eun Jeong
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joowan Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yebeen Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Yeon Yoon
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Il Kang
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Innovation Center, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Innovation Center, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Vaccine Innovation Center, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Kang SY, Yoo JR, Park Y, Kim SH, Heo ST, Park SH, Kim M, Kim TJ, Oh S, Lee MS, Kim JM, Cho NH, Lee KM, Lee KH. Fatal outcome of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and severe and critical COVID-19 is associated with the hyperproduction of IL-10 and IL-6 and the low production of TGF-β. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28894. [PMID: 37386895 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause the hyperproduction of inflammatory cytokines, which have pathological effects in patient including severe or fatal cytokine storms. To characterize the effect of SFTSV and SARS-CoV-2 infection on the production of cytokines in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and COVID-19 patients, we performed an analysis of cytokines in SFTS and COVID-19 patients and also investigated the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in vitro studies: lipopolysaccharide-induced THP-1-derived macrophages, SFTSV infection of THP-1 cells, and SARS-CoV-2 infection of THP-1 cells. In this study, we found that levels of both IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly elevated, the level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was significantly decreased and IL-10 was elevated earlier than IL-6 in severe and critical COVID-19 and fatal SFTS patients, and inhibition of IL-10 signaling decreased the production of IL-6 and elevated that of TGF-β. Therefore, the hyperproduction of IL-10 and IL-6 and the low production of TGF-β have been linked to cytokine storm-induced mortality in fatal SFTS and severe and critically ill COVID-19 patients and that IL-10 can play an important role in the host immune response to severe and critical SARS-CoV-2 and fatal SFTSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Yejin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Seong Hyeon Park
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Songhyeok Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Environmental Diseases Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Yoo JR, Heo ST, Kim M, Kim M, Kang MJ, Kim ET, Kang SY, Lee KH. Coinfection of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus and Coxiella burnetii in Developmental Stage of Hard Ticks in Subtropical Region of Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e156. [PMID: 37218355 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is transmitted through tick bites. Ticks are potential vectors for the bacterium Coxiella burnetii that causes Query fever. Here, we analyzed SFTSV and C. burnetii co-infection rates in ticks in rural areas of Jeju Island, South Korea. METHODS Free ticks were collected from the natural environment of the island between 2016 and 2019, and SFTSV RNA was extracted. Additionally, ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to identify Coxiella species. RESULTS Haemaphysalis longicornis was the most common tick species followed by H. flava. Tick number gradually increased from April, peaked in August, and was lowest in March. Of all the collected ticks, 82.6% (2,851/3,458) were nymphs, 17.9% (639/3,458) adults, and 0.1% (4/3,458) larvae. SFTSV-infected ticks comprised 12.6% of all ticks; their numbers were the lowest in November-December, increased from January, and were mostly identified in the adult stage during June-August. C. burnetii infections were detected in 4.4% of the SFTSV-infected H. longicornis ticks. C. burnetii co-infection was mainly observed in the nymph stage of H. longicornis, with the highest infection rate in January, followed by December and November. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Jeju Island has a high SFTSV and potential C. burnetii infection in ticks. This study provides important insights regarding SFTS and Q fever risk to humans in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eui Tae Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Wan SA, Tiong IK, Chuah SL, Cheong YR, Singh BSM, Lee KH, Lee WWH, Teh CL, Tiong JK, Samsudin A, Jobli AT. Gender differences in osteoporotic hip fractures in Sarawak General Hospital. Med J Malaysia 2023; 78:207-212. [PMID: 36988532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture pose a major public health problem in our ageing population, and particularly concerning is the increased morbidity and mortality associated with osteoporotic hip fractures. While overall diagnosis and treatment for osteoporosis have improved, osteoporosis in men remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. We aim to describe the difference in clinical characteristics between elderly men and women with osteoporotic hip fractures in Sarawak General Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients diagnosed with osteoporotic hip fracture admitted to Sarawak General Hospital from June 2019 to March 2021 were recruited, and demographic data and clinical features were obtained. RESULTS There were 140 patients with osteoporotic hip fracture, and 40 were men (28.6%). The mean age for males was 74.1 ± 9.5 years, while the mean age for females was 77.4 ± 9.1 years (p=0.06). The types of fracture consisted of neck of femur=78, intertrochanteric=61 and subtrochanteric=1. More men were active smokers (15% vs 1%, p<0.001). There were 20 men with secondary osteoporosis (50%), while 13 women (13%) had secondary osteoporosis (p<0.001). The causes of secondary osteoporosis among the men were hypogonadism, COPD, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, renal disease, androgen deprivation therapy, thyroid disorder, prostate cancer and previous gastrectomy. There were two deaths among the men and four deaths among the women during the inpatient and 3 months follow-up period. There was no statistical significance between the mortality rates between male patients (5%) and female patients (4%) (p=0.55). CONCLUSION There were more females with osteoporotic hip fractures, and there were significantly more males with secondary osteoporotic hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Wan
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - I K Tiong
- Sarawak General Hospital, Geriatrics Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - S L Chuah
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Y R Cheong
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - B S M Singh
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - K H Lee
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - W W H Lee
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - C L Teh
- Sarawak General Hospital, Rheumatology Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - J K Tiong
- Sarawak General Hospital, RGeriatrics Unit, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - A Samsudin
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Geriatrics Unit, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - A T Jobli
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
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Lee EH, Lee SK, Cheon JH, Koh H, Lee JA, Kim CH, Kim JN, Lee KH, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Yong DE, Yoon SS, Yeom JS, Choi JY. Comparing the efficacy of different methods of faecal microbiota transplantation via oral capsule, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, or gastric tube. J Hosp Infect 2023; 131:234-243. [PMID: 36414164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) carriage poses major challenges to medicine as healthcare costs increase. Recently, faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been discussed as a novel and effective method for decolonizing MDRO. AIM To compare the efficacy of different FMT methods to optimize the success rate of decolonization in patients with MDRO carriage. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with MDRO carriages from 2018 to 2021. Patients underwent FMT via one of the following methods: oral capsule, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, or gastric tube. FINDINGS A total of 57 patients underwent FMT for MDRO decolonization. The colonoscopy group required the shortest time for decolonization, whereas the EGD group required the longest (24.9 vs 190.4 days, P = 0.022). The decolonization rate in the oral capsule group was comparable to that in the EGD group (84.6% vs 85.7%, P = 0.730). An important clinical factor associated with decolonization failure was antibiotic use after FMT (odds ratio = 6.810, P = 0.008). All four groups showed reduced proportions of MDRO species in microbiome analysis after FMT. CONCLUSION Compared to other conventional methods, the oral capsule is an effective FMT method for patients who can tolerate an oral diet. The discontinuation of antibiotics after FMT is a key factor in the success of decolonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Cheon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Severance Pediatric Liver Disease Research Group, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J A Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C H Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J N Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Ahn
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Jeong
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - N S Ku
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D E Yong
- Division of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S S Yoon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J S Yeom
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Choi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Rattanakomol P, Khongwichit S, Linsuwanon P, Lee KH, Vongpunsawad S, Poovorawan Y. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection, Thailand, 2019-2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2572-2574. [PMID: 36418010 PMCID: PMC9707585 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.221183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, which can cause hemorrhagic febrile illness, is often transmitted by ticks. We identified 3 patients with SFTS in or near Bangkok, Thailand. Our results underscore a need for heightened awareness by clinicians of possible SFTS virus, even in urban centers.
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Tran XC, Kim SH, Lee JE, Kim SH, Kang SY, Binh ND, Duc PV, Phuong PTK, Thao NTP, Lee W, Bae JY, Park MS, Kim M, Yoo JR, Heo ST, An KH, Kim JM, Cho NH, Kee SH, Lee KH. Serological Evidence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus and IgM Positivity Were Identified in Healthy Residents in Vietnam. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102280. [PMID: 36298836 PMCID: PMC9607213 DOI: 10.3390/v14102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an emerging tick-borne viral disease, is prevalent in East Asia and has also been reported in Southeast Asia since 2019. SFTS patients in Vietnam were first reported in 2019. However, the seroprevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Vietnam has not been reported. To investigate the seroprevalence of SFTSV in Vietnam, we collected serum samples from 714 healthy residents in Thua Thien Hue and Quang Nam Province, Vietnam, and the seroprevalence of SFTSV was assessed using immunofluorescence antibody assay (IFA), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) and the 50% focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50) assay. The seroprevalence of anti-SFTSV IgM or IgG was observed to be 3.64% (26/714), high IgM positivity was >80 (0.28%, 2/714) and the titer of neutralizing antibodies against SFTSV ranged from 15.5 to 55.9. In Pakistan, SFTSV infection confirmed using a microneutralization test (MNT) assay (prevalence is 2.5%) and ELISAs showed a high seroprevalence (46.7%) of SFTSV. Hence, the seroprevalence rate in Vietnam is similar to that in Pakistan and the number of SFTS patients could increase in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chuong Tran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Sung Hye Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Nguyen D. Binh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Pham V. Duc
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Phan T. K. Phuong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen T. P. Thao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Man-Seong Park
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 64231, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 64231, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 64231, Korea
| | - Kyeong Ho An
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: (N.-H.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Sun-Ho Kee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: (N.-H.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biology & Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: (N.-H.C.); (S.-H.K.); (K.H.L.)
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12
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Park BJ, Yoo JR, Heo ST, Kim M, Lee KH, Song YJ. A CRISPR-Cas12a-based diagnostic method for multiple genotypes of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010666. [PMID: 35917293 PMCID: PMC9345333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) infection is commonly reported in countries of Northeast Asia including China, Japan and South Korea. The majority of the SFTS patients are elderly and the average fatality rate is more than 10%. A rapid and sensitive diagnostic method to monitor and prevent SFTSV transmission remains an urgent clinical challenge. In this study, we developed a molecular diagnostic technique for detection of SFTSV using the CRISPR-Cas12a system combined with reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Using this method, we successfully diagnosed SFTSV infections with the reaction time of 50 min from blood plasma without cross-reactivity to other viruses, supporting its application for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of SFTS. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus, also known as SFTSV, and reported in countries of Northeast Asia including China, Japan and South Korea. The average fatality rate is more than 10% and reported to increase with age. Currently, no vaccines or targeted treatments for SFTS are available and only symptomatic therapy is offered. Thus, SFTSV diagnosis at early stages is critical for successful therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we developed a molecular diagnostic technique for detection of SFTSV using the CRISPR-Cas12a system combined with reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). Using this method, we successfully diagnosed SFTSV infections under isothermal conditions with the reaction time of 50 min from blood plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Ju Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail: (KHL); (Y-JS)
| | - Yoon-Jae Song
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, Korea
- * E-mail: (KHL); (Y-JS)
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13
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Yoo JR, Lee KH, Kim M, Oh HJ, Heo ST. Tocilizumab therapy for IL-6 increment in a patient with non-fatal severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:656-658. [PMID: 35803471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the administration of an anti-interleukin (IL)-6 antibody in a case of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) with an increase in IL-6. On the day of admission, SFTS viral load and IL-6 concentration were 93 831 copies/ml and 5.4 pg/ml, respectively, and tocilizumab was administered. SFTS viral load decreased to 17 821.1 copies/ml on the 3rd day of admission, while IL-6 levels increased to 104.9 pg/ml; SFTS viral load and IL-6 levels had decreased to 2876.4 copies/ml and 48.2 pg/ml on 7th day of admission, respectively. The patient fully recovered no tocilizumab adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju
| | - Hyun Joo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University, College of Medicine, Jeju.
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14
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Kim MJ, Lee KH, Lee JS, Kim N, Song JY, Shin YH, Yang JM, Lee SW, Hwang J, Rhee SY, Yon DK, Shin JI, Choi YJ. Trends in body mass index changes among Korean adolescents between 2005-2020, including the COVID-19 pandemic period: a national representative survey of one million adolescents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:4082-4091. [PMID: 35731079 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202206_28978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on weight gain in children and adolescents remains unknown. We aimed to identify an estimated 15-year trend in mean body mass index (BMI) changes and prevalence of obesity and overweight among Korean adolescents from 2005 to 2020, including the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data taken from a nationwide survey (Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey), between 2005 and 2020. Representative samples of one million Korean adolescents aged 13-18 years (n=1,057,885) were examined. The 15-year trends in mean BMI and proportion of obesity or overweight, and the changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. RESULTS The data of 1,057,885 Korean adolescents were analyzed (mean age: 14.98 years; females, 48.4%). The estimated weighted mean BMI was 20.5 kg/m2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 20.4-20.5] from 2005 to 2008 and 21.5 kg/m2 (95% CI, 21.4-21.6) in 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Although the 15-year trend of mean BMI gradually increased, the change in mean BMI before and during the pandemic significantly lessened (βdiff, -0.027; 95% CI, -0.028 to -0.026). The 15-year (2005-2020) trend changes in the prevalence of obesity and overweight were similar (obesity prevalence from 2005-2008, 3.2%; 95% CI, 3.1-3.3 vs. obesity prevalence in 2020, 8.6%; 95% CI, 8.2-9.0; βdiff, -0.309; 95% CI, -0.330 to -0.288). CONCLUSIONS The 15-year trend of overall mean BMI and obesity and overweight prevalence demonstrated a significant increase; however, its slope decreased during the pandemic. These landmark results suggest the need for the development of precise strategies to prevent pediatric obesity and overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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15
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Shin JI, Kim SE, Lee MH, Kim MS, Lee SW, Park S, Shin YH, Yang JW, Song JM, Moon SY, Kim SY, Park Y, Suh DI, Yang JM, Cho SH, Jin HY, Hong SH, Won HH, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Hwang J, Tizaoui K, Lee KH, Kim JH, Yon DK, Smith L. COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3760-3770. [PMID: 35647859 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to assess the susceptibility to and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (AIRD) and following AIRD drug use. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included observational and case-controlled studies assessing susceptibility and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with AIRD as well as the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 with or without use of steroids and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs). RESULTS Meta-analysis including three studies showed that patients with AIRD are not more susceptible to COVID-19 compared to patients without AIRD or the general population (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.58 to 2.14). Incidence of severe outcomes of COVID-19 (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.76 to 2.35) and COVID-19 related death (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.68 to 2.16) also did not show significant difference. The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 among AIRD patients with and without csDMARD or steroid showed that both use of steroid (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.96 to 2.98) or csDMARD (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.63 to 3.08) had no effect on clinical outcomes of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS AIRD does not increase susceptibility to COVID-19, not affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19. Similarly, the use of steroids or csDMARDs for AIRD does not worsen the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Lee KH, Li H, Lee MH, Park SJ, Kim JS, Han YJ, Cho K, Ha B, Kim SJ, Jacob L, Koyanagi A, Shin JI, Kim JH, Smith L. Clinical characteristics and treatments of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children: a systematic review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3342-3350. [PMID: 35587087 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can occur in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is not easy to differentiate MIS-C from severe COVID-19 or Kawasaki disease based on symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of MIS-C. PATIENTS AND METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline for case series and reports of MIS-C published until June 20, 2020. From a total of nine articles involving 45 cases, various clinical and laboratory data were extracted. Each target case was evaluated by using different diagnostic criteria. RESULTS The average age at onset of MIS-C was 8.6 years. In 80% of cases, the age of patients ranged from 5 to 15 years. Fever (100%) and shock (82%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Sixty percent of cases met the diagnostic criteria for typical or atypical Kawasaki disease. Biomarkers indicative of inflammation, coagulopathy, or cardiac injury were characteristically elevated as follows: ferritin (mean: 1,061 ng/mL), CRP (217 mg/L), ESR (69 mm/hr), IL-6 (214.8 pg/mL), TNFα (63.4 pg/mL), D-dimer (3,220 ng/mL), PT (15.5 s), troponin I (1,006 ng/L), and BNP (12,150 pg/mL). Intravenous immunoglobulin was administered in all target cases, and inotropic agents were commonly used as well. No case of death was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that MIS-C is a serious condition that presents with fever, rash, as well as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal symptoms. Although it is challenging to differentiate MIS-C from Kawasaki disease or severe COVID-19, initiation of appropriate treatments through early diagnosis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Lee KH, Yon DK, Suh DI. Prevalence of allergic diseases among Korean adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison with pre-COVID-19 11-year trends. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:2556-2568. [PMID: 35442470 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202204_28492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, emergency department utilization and hospitalization rates for allergic diseases declined and the severity of allergies among admitted patients was low. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic diseases among adolescents and the changes in trend during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with those during the preceding 11 years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We analyzed data from the nationwide web-based self-report Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. From 2009 to 2020, adolescents aged 13-18 years participated in the survey. The survey period was divided into pre-pandemic Periods I (2009-2011), II (2012-2014), III (2015-2017), and IV (2018-2019) and the pandemic period (Period V, 2020). The current prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic morbidity (having at least one of the three conditions) and changes in the prevalence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. RESULTS Data of 787,043 participants were analyzed after weighting the study population (mean age, 15.1 years; males, 52.3%). The prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic morbidity was 2.1%, 18.4%, 6.8%, and 23.6%, respectively. The prevalence of allergic morbidity increased between Periods I and IV but declined significantly from Periods IV to V. From Periods I to IV, the prevalence of asthma decreased, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased, and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis remained unchanged. During Period V, the prevalence of all three conditions decreased. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to update management measures and develop relevant policies in response to the altered prevalence of allergic diseases since the outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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18
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Zee JST, Chan CTL, Leung ACP, Yu BPW, Hung JRL, Chan QWL, Ma ESK, Lee KH, Lau CC, Yung RWH. Rapid antigen test during a COVID-19 outbreak in a private hospital in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2022; 28:300-305. [PMID: 35307652 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In response to two nosocomial clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in our hospital, we adopted a series of strict infection control measures, including regular rapid antigen test (RAT) screening for high-risk patients, visitors, and healthcare workers. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of a locally developed RAT, the INDICAID COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Test (Phase Scientific, Hong Kong), using respiratory samples from both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. METHODS Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)-confirmed deep throat saliva (DTS) and pooled nasopharyngeal swab and throat swab (NPS/TS) samples collected from 1 November to 30 November 2020 were tested by INDICAID. Screening RATs were performed on asymptomatic healthcare workers during a 16-week period (1 December 2020 to 22 March 2021). RESULTS In total, 20 rRT-PCR-confirmed samples (16 DTS, four pooled NPS/TS) were available for RAT. Using the original sample, RAT results were positive in 17/20 samples, indicating 85% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI]=62.11%-96.79%). Negative RAT results were associated with higher cycle threshold (Ct) values. For samples with Ct values <25, the sensitivity was 100%. Of the 49 801 RATs collected from healthcare workers, 33 false positives and one rRT-PCR-confirmed case were detected. The overall specificity was 99.93% (95% CI=99.91%-99.95%). The positive and negative predictive values were 2.94% (95% CI=2.11%-4.09%) and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION The INDICAID COVID-19 RAT demonstrated good sensitivity for specimens with high viral loads and satisfactory specificity for low-risk, asymptomatic healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S T Zee
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong.,Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C T L Chan
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A C P Leung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - B P W Yu
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - J R L Hung
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Q W L Chan
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E S K Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K H Lee
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C C Lau
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - R W H Yung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong.,Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong.,Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
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19
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Chao CH, Yeh YH, Chen YM, Lee KH, Wang SH, Lin TY. Sire pedigree error estimation and sire verification of the Taiwan dairy cattle population by using SNP markers. Pol J Vet Sci 2022; 25:61-65. [PMID: 35575992 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Information regarding the correct pedigree of and relationship between animals is useful for managing dairy breeding, reducing inbreeding, estimating breeding value, and establishing correct breeding programs. Additionally, the successful implementation of progeny testing is crucial for improving the genetics of dairy cattle, which depends on the availability of correct pedigree information. Incorrect pedigree information leads to bias in bull evaluation. In this study, Neogen GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 50K SNP chips were used to identify and verify the sire of Taiwanese Holstein dairy cattle and analyze the reasons that lead to incorrect sire records. Samples were collected from 2,059 cows of 36 dairy farms, and the pedigree information was provided by breeders. The results of sire verification can be divided into three categories: submitted unconfirmed sire, submitted confirmed sire, and incorrectly submitted verified sire. Data on the sires of 1,323 (64.25%) and 572 (27.78%) dairy cows were verified and discovered, respectively. Sires of 1,895 (92.03%) dairy cattle were identified, which showed that the paternal pedigree of dairy cattle could be discovered and verified through genetic testing. An error-like analysis revealed that the data of 37 sires were incorrectly recorded because the bull's NAAB code number was incorrectly entered into the insemination records: for 19 sires, the wrong bull was recorded because the frozen semen of a bull placed in the wrong storage tank was used, 6 had no sire records, and for 12 sires, the NAAB code of the correct bull was recorded but with a wrong stud code, marketing code, or unique number for the stud or breed. To reduce recorded sire error rates by at least 27.78%, automated identification of the mated bull must be adopted to reduce human error and improve dairy breeding management on dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chao
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y H Yeh
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y M Chen
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - K H Lee
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - S H Wang
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - T Y Lin
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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20
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Kim M, Oh H, Heo ST, Song SW, Lee KH, Kang MJ, Yoo JR. The Evaluation of Surrogate Laboratory Parameters for Predicting the Trend of Viral Loads in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Cross-Correlation Analysis of Time Series. Infect Chemother 2022; 54:470-482. [PMID: 36196606 PMCID: PMC9533152 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2022.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a correlation between the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) viral load and disease severity; however, measurement of viral load is difficult in general laboratory and it takes time to obtain a viral load value. Here, the laboratory parameters for predicting the dynamic changes in SFTS viral load were identified. In addition, we tried to evaluate a specific time point for the early determination of clinical deterioration using dynamic change of laboratory parameters. Materials and Methods This observational study included SFTS patients in Korea (2013 - 2020). Cross-correlation analysis at lagged values was used to determine the temporal correlation between the SFTS viral loads and time-series variables. Fifty-eight SFTS patients were included in the non-severe group (NSG) and 11 in the severe group (SG). Results In the cross-sectional analyses, 10 parameters -white blood cell, absolute neutrophil cell, lymphocyte, platelet, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK)- were assessed within 30 days from the onset of symptoms; they exhibited three different correlation patterns: (1) positive, (2) positive with a time lag, and (3) negative. A prediction score system was developed for predicting SFTS fatality based on age and six laboratory variables -platelet, aPTT, AST, ALT, LDH, and CPK- in 5 days after the onset of symptoms; this scoring system had 87.5% sensitivity and 86.0% specificity (95% confidence interval: 0.831 - 1.00, P <0.001). Conclusion Three types of correlation patterns between the dynamic changes in SFTS viral load and laboratory parameters were identified. The dynamic changes in the viral load could be predicted using the dynamic changes in these variables, which can be particularly helpful in clinical settings where viral load tests cannot be performed. Also, the proposed scoring system could provide timely treatment to critical patients by rapidly assessing their clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sung Wook Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Kang
- Department of Nursing, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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21
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Choi MJ, Yang JW, Lee S, Kim JY, Oh JW, Lee J, Stubbs B, Lee KH, Koyanagi A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Hwang J, Dragioti E, Jacob L, Carvalho AF, Radua J, Thompson T, Smith L, Fornaro M, Stickley A, Bettac EL, Han YJ, Kronbichler A, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Lee E, Solmi M. Suicide associated with COVID-19 infection: an immunological point of view. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6397-6407. [PMID: 34730221 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_27013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and leading cause of death. Beyond the deaths directly caused by the virus and the suicides related to the psychological response to the dramatic changes as socioeconomic related to the pandemic, there might also be suicides related to the inflammatory responses of the infection. Infection induces inflammation as a cytokine storm, and there is an increasing number of studies that report a relationship between infection and suicide. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the World Health Organization status report and the PubMed database for keywords (COVID-19, suicide, infection, inflammation, cytokines), and reviewed five cytokine pathways between suicide and inflammation using two meta-analyses and two observational studies starting from November 31, 2020, focusing on the relationship between suicide and inflammation by infection. First, we discussed existing evidence explaining the relationship between suicidal behaviors and inflammation. Second, we summarized the inflammatory features found in COVID-19 patients. Finally, we highlight the potential for these factors to affect the risk of suicide in COVID-19 patients. RESULTS Patients infected with COVID-19 have high amounts of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IP10, and MCP1, which may lead to Th1 cell response activation. Also, Th2 cytokines (e.g., IL-4 and IL-10) were increased in COVID-19 infection. In COVID-19 patients, neurological conditions, like headache, dizziness, ataxia, seizures, and others have been observed. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 pandemic can serve as a significant environmental factor contributing directly to increased suicide risk; the role of inflammation by an infection should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Lee HJ, Jeong GH, Li H, Kim MS, Kim JS, Park SJ, Han YJ, Lee KH, Kronbichler A, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Luchini C, Nottegar A, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Jacob L, Dragioti E, Radua J, Cargnin S, Terrazzino S, Thompson T, Yon DK, Lee SW, Yang JM, Wasuwanich P, Shin JI, Gamerith G. Efficacy and safety of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) monotherapy for advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6232-6244. [PMID: 34730203 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is controversial whether there is efficacy or safety benefit of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in advanced EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to standard chemotherapy. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs compared to other chemotherapeutics in EGFR-mutated NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Up to April 27th, 2020, PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for articles or trials meeting the inclusion criteria. After filtering, 230 eligible studies were initially identified. Data extraction followed PRISMA and included outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and severe adverse events (SAEs). Direct and indirect meta-analyses were generated in the context of log-linear mixed-effects models, with fixed effects for each relative comparison and random effects for each study. RESULTS The results showed that EGFR-TKI therapy had improved PFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.36-0.44, p<0.001) compared to standard chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the EGFR-TKIs showed no benefit on OS (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.83-1.10, p=0.556). In the analysis of adverse events, EGFR-TKIs had fewer SAEs than standard chemotherapy (HR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.26-0.33, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our systemic review indicates that EGFR-TKI therapy has improved PFS, and reduced SAEs compared to standard chemotherapy in advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Jeon JI, Lee KH, Kim JM. Bacteroides fragilis Enterotoxin Upregulates Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Expression through MAPK and AP-1 Activation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Leading to Syndecan-2 Release. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111817. [PMID: 34769248 PMCID: PMC8583974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin (BFT) produced by enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) causes colonic inflammation. BFT initially contacts intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and affects the intestinal barrier. Although molecular components of the gut epithelial barrier such as metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and syndecan-2 are known to be associated with inflammation, little has been reported about MMP-7 expression and syndecan-2 shedding in response to ETBF infection. This study explores the role of BFT in MMP-7 induction and syndecan-2 release in IECs. Stimulating IECs with BFT led to the induction of MMP-7 and the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1. MMP-7 upregulation was not affected by NF-κB, but it was related to AP-1 activation. In BFT-exposed IECs, syndecan-2 release was observed in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. MMP-7 suppression was associated with a reduction in syndecan-2 release. In addition, suppression of ERK, one of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), inhibited AP-1 activity and MMP-7 expression. Furthermore, the suppression of AP-1 and ERK activity was related to the attenuation of syndecan-2 release. These results suggest that a signaling cascade comprising ERK and AP-1 activation in IECs is involved in MMP-7 upregulation and syndecan-2 release during exposure to BFT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (J.M.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2220-0642 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2220-0645 (J.M.K.); Fax: +82-2-2282-0645 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2282-0645 (J.M.K.)
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (J.M.K.); Tel.: +82-2-2220-0642 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2220-0645 (J.M.K.); Fax: +82-2-2282-0645 (K.H.L.); +82-2-2282-0645 (J.M.K.)
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24
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Han KH, Lee KH, Park SJ, Yu R, Kim SH, Lee IR, Han SY, Kim HS, Kronbichler A, Li H, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Shin JI, Kim JH, Smith L. Hypocomplementemia (C3) as an independent predictor for children with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: a long-term observation. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5674-5683. [PMID: 34604959 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202109_26786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the altering patterns in clinical characteristics and severity of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed the medical records of 119 children who were diagnosed with APSGN from 1987 to 2018, retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n=72, before 1998) and Group II (n=47, after 1998). Clinical, radiologic, and laboratory findings were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The clinical manifestations, including vomiting (20.8% vs. 4.3%, p=0.014), oliguria (40.3% vs. 19.1%, p=0.016), and generalized edema (86.1% vs. 63.8%, p=0.005), were statistically less frequent since 1998. Pulmonary edema on chest X-ray (22.7% vs. 4.4%, p=0.014) was less frequent in Group II than in Group I. The level of BUN (23.3±19.3 vs. 18.8±11.2, p=0.009) was lower in Group II than in Group I, while that of creatinine was not significantly different between the two groups. C3 level was an independent factor for predicting the development of edema (odds ratio [OR]: 1.034, 95% CI: 1.010-1.060, p=0.006) and acute nephritic symptoms (≥2) (OR: 0.974, 95% CI: 0.952-0996, p=0.020). It was also negatively correlated with an increasing number of acute nephritic symptoms, including oliguria and edema, in patients with APSGN (R=-0.182, p=0.048). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that APSGN had favorable clinical manifestations and severity over the past 30 years. The monitoring of C3 levels can be used to assess the disease severity and risk of complications, including edema and oliguria, which are decreasing in South Korean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
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Zee JST, Lai KTW, Ho MKS, Leung ACP, Fung LH, Luk WP, Kwok LF, Kee KM, Chan QWL, Tang SF, Ma ESK, Lee KH, Lau CC, Yung RWH. Serological response to mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers in Hong Kong: decline in antibodies 12 weeks after two doses. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:380-383. [PMID: 34657837 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J S T Zee
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K T W Lai
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M K S Ho
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A C P Leung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L H Fung
- Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W P Luk
- Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L F Kwok
- Quality and Safety Division, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K M Kee
- Quality and Safety Division, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Q W L Chan
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S F Tang
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E S K Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K H Lee
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C C Lau
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - R W H Yung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
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26
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Kim M, Heo ST, Oh H, Kim M, Jo J, Kim YR, Lee KH, Yoo JR. Human zoonotic infectious disease caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Zoonoses Public Health 2021; 69:136-142. [PMID: 34585529 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) is a highly contagious infectious organism that causes disease in horses. SEZ is seldom isolated from humans; however, zoonotic infections are occasionally reported in individuals exposed to horses and other livestock. Herein, we report three human cases of SEZ in individuals, one with direct horse contact and two among individuals who had eaten raw horse meat. The phylogenetic tree showed that the genotypes of SEZ isolates from two of the cases on Jeju Island, South Korea, were similar to those of isolates from the United Kingdom and the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jaemin Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Ree Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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27
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Jeong DY, Lee J, Kim JY, Lee KH, Li H, Lee JY, Jeong GH, Yoon S, Park EL, Hong SH, Kang JW, Song TJ, Leyhe T, Eisenhut M, Kronbichler A, Smith L, Solmi M, Stubbs B, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Stickley A, Thompson T, Dragioti E, Oh H, Brunoni AR, Carvalho AF, Kim MS, Yon DK, Lee SW, Yang JM, Ghayda RA, Shin JI, Fusar-Poli P. Empirical assessment of biases in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: an umbrella review and re-analysis of data from meta-analyses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:1536-1547. [PMID: 33629323 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_24862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of years lived with disability in older age, and several cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers have been proposed in individual meta-analyses to be associated with AD but field-wide evaluation and scrutiny of the literature is not available. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an umbrella review for the reported associations between CSF biomarkers and AD. Data from available meta-analyses were reanalyzed using both random and fixed effects models. We also estimated between-study heterogeneity, small-study effects, excess significance, and prediction interval. RESULTS A total of 38 meta-analyses on CSF markers from 11 eligible articles were identified and reanalyzed. In 14 (36%) of the meta-analyses, the summary estimate and the results of the largest study showed non-concordant results in terms of statistical significance. Large heterogeneity (I2≥75%) was observed in 73% and small-study effects under Egger's test were shown in 28% of CSF biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that there is an excess of statistically significant results and significant biases in the literature of CSF biomarkers for AD. Therefore, the results of CSF biomarkers should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Jeong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Kim M, Yoo JR, Oh H, Kim YR, Lee KH, Heo ST. The first case of abdominal mycotic aneurysm caused by K1 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a healthy adult. Acute Crit Care 2021; 36:390-394. [PMID: 34510884 PMCID: PMC8907454 DOI: 10.4266/acc.2021.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) infection has been steadily increasing in the Asia-Pacific rim. The characteristic of hvKp infection is its ability to cause multiple site infections and unpredictable metastatic spread in the community. We describe the first case of mycotic aneurysm caused by hvKp serotype K1 in a previously healthy man and review the literature. Of a total of 13 cases, including our case, three cases were related to hvKp. Among patients with hvKp, the level of mycotic aneurysm in most patients was the infrarenal aorta, and they underwent an aortic graft or coil embolization. All strains were susceptible to most antimicrobial agents, except ampicillin. Early detection of hvKp can help to prevent the metastatic spread of pathogens and be useful for optimal patient care and epidemiologic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Ree Kim
- Laboratory Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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29
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Yoo JR, Kim TJ, Heo ST, Hwang KA, Oh H, Ha T, Ko HK, Baek S, Kim JE, Kim JH, Lee J, Kang MJ, Yoo MS, Kim JM, Lee KM, Lee KH. IL-6 and IL-10 Levels, Rather Than Viral Load and Neutralizing Antibody Titers, Determine the Fate of Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Infection in South Korea. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711847. [PMID: 34484214 PMCID: PMC8416084 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new tick-borne viral disease, and most SFTS virus (SFTSV) infections occur via bites from the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis; however, SFTSV transmission can also occur through close contact with an infected patient. SFTS is characterized by acute high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, elevated serum hepatic enzyme levels, gastrointestinal symptoms, and multiorgan failure and has a 16.2 to 30% mortality rate. In this study, we found that age, dyspnea rates, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase, multiorgan dysfunction score (MODS), viral load, IL-6 levels, and IL-10 levels were higher in patients with fatal disease than in patients with nonfatal disease during the initial clinical course of SFTS. In addition, we found that IL-6 and IL-10 levels, rather than viral load and neutralizing antibody titers, in patients with an SFTSV infection strongly correlated with outcomes (for severe disease with an ultimate outcome of recovery or death).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Ah Hwang
- Department of Research and Development, SML Genetree, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - TaeHong Ha
- Deparment of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Ko
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Seungjae Baek
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Ju Eun Kim
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jun Hyeong Kim
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jiin Lee
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Min Ji Kang
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Mi Soo Yoo
- Department of internal Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Deparment of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Deparment of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Zee JST, Lai KTW, Ho MKS, Leung ACP, Chan QWL, Ma ESK, Lee KH, Lau CC, Yung RWH. Serological response to mRNA and inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers in Hong Kong: preliminary results. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:312-313. [PMID: 34413252 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj219605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J S T Zee
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K T W Lai
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M K S Ho
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A C P Leung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Q W L Chan
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - E S K Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K H Lee
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C C Lau
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - R W H Yung
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
- Infection Control Team, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
- Hospital Administration, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- CPY Chien
- Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - KH Lee
- Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - V Lau
- Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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32
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Abou Ghayda R, Duck-Young Park D, Lee JY, Kim JY, Lee KH, Hong SH, Yang JW, Kim JS, Jeong GH, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Oh H, Li H, Yang JM, Kim MS, Lee SW, Yon DK, Shin JI, Smith L. Body mass index and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:273-286. [PMID: 33506916 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although many previous meta-analyses of epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality, inconsistent findings among cardiovascular disease patients have been observed. Thus, we performed an umbrella review to understand the strength of evidence and validity of claimed associations between BMI and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We comprehensively re-analyzed the data of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials on associations between BMI and mortality among patients with cardiovascular diseases. We also assessed the strength of evidence of the re-analyzed outcomes, which were determined from the criteria including statistical significance of the p-value of random-effects, as well as fixed-effects meta-analyses, small-study effects, between-study heterogeneity, and a 95% prediction interval. RESULTS We ran comprehensive re-analysis of the data from the 21 selected studies, which contained a total of 108 meta-analyses; 23 were graded as convincing evidence and 12 were suggestive, 42 were weak, and 23 were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Underweight increased mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure, and after therapeutic intervention for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Overweight, on the other hand decreased mortality in patient's ACS, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure with convincing evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abou Ghayda
- Urology Institute, University Hospital System, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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33
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Jang MS, Suh KS, Kwon DI, Jung JH, Seong SH, Lee KH, Kang JH, Park JB. Successful treatment with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in prurigo pigmentosa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e796-e798. [PMID: 34166545 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - K S Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - D I Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - J H Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - S H Seong
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - J H Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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34
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Yoo JR, Heo ST, Song SW, Bae SG, Lee S, Choi S, Lee C, Jeong S, Kim M, Sa W, Lee Y, Choi H, Kee SH, Lee KH. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Ticks and SFTS Incidence in Humans, South Korea. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:2292-2294. [PMID: 32818414 PMCID: PMC7454071 DOI: 10.3201/eid2609.200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
During 2016–2018, we collected 3,193 ticks from rural areas in South Korea to investigate the prevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). We detected SFTSV in ticks at an infection rate (IR) of 11.1%. We noted increases in the human IR associated with the monthly SFTSV IR in ticks.
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35
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Sugawara S, Lee JS, Kang JH, Kim HR, Inui N, Hida T, Lee KH, Yoshida T, Tanaka H, Yang CT, Nishio M, Ohe Y, Tamura T, Yamamoto N, Yu CJ, Akamatsu H, Namba Y, Sumiyoshi N, Nakagawa K. Nivolumab with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab for first-line treatment of advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:1137-1147. [PMID: 34139272 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This international, randomized, double-blind phase III study (ONO-4538-52/TASUKI-52) evaluated nivolumab with bevacizumab and cytotoxic chemotherapy as first-line treatment for nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between June 2017 and July 2019, this study enrolled treatment-naïve patients with stage IIIB/IV or recurrent nonsquamous NSCLC without sensitizing EGFR, ALK, or ROS1 alterations. They were randomly assigned in a 1 : 1 ratio to receive nivolumab or placebo in combination with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab every 3 weeks for up to six cycles, followed by nivolumab/placebo with bevacizumab until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by an independent radiology review committee (IRRC). RESULTS Overall, 550 patients from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan were randomized; of these patients, 273 and 275 received the nivolumab and placebo combinations, respectively. In the present preplanned interim analysis with a median follow up of 13.7 months, the IRRC-assessed median PFS was significantly longer in the nivolumab arm than in the placebo arm (12.1 versus 8.1 months; hazard ratio 0.56; 96.4% confidence interval 0.43-0.71; P < 0.0001). The PFS benefit was observed across all patients with any programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels including PD-L1-negative patients. The IRRC-assessed objective response rates were 61.5% and 50.5% in the nivolumab and placebo arms, respectively. The incidence of treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or 4 was comparable between the two arms; treatment-related adverse events leading to death were observed in five and four patients in the nivolumab and placebo arms, respectively. CONCLUSION The TASUKI-52 regimen should be considered a viable new treatment strategy for treatment-naïve patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sugawara
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - J-S Lee
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J-H Kang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H R Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - N Inui
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hamamatsu University Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - T Hida
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - T Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - C-T Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - M Nishio
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Ohe
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Thoracic Center, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Yamamoto
- Internal Medicine III, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - C-J Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H Akamatsu
- Internal Medicine III, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Y Namba
- Clinical Science, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - N Sumiyoshi
- Oncology Clinical Development Planning 1, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - K Nakagawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Park K, Kim WK, Lee SH, Kim J, Lee J, Cho S, Lee GY, No JS, Lee KH, Song JW. A novel genotype of Hantaan orthohantavirus harbored by Apodemus agrarius chejuensis as a potential etiologic agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Republic of Korea. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009400. [PMID: 33979351 PMCID: PMC8143423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthohantaviruses, causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, pose a significant public health threat worldwide. Despite the significant mortality and morbidity, effective antiviral therapeutics for orthohantavirus infections are currently unavailable. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HFRS-associated orthohantaviruses and identify the etiological agent of orthohantavirus outbreaks in southern Republic of Korea (ROK). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We collected small mammals on Jeju Island during 2018-2020. We detected the Hantaan virus (HTNV)-specific antibodies and RNA using an indirect immunofluorescence assay test and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction on Apodemus agrarius chejuensis (A. chejuensis). The prevalence of anti-HTNV antibodies among rodents was 14.1%. A total of six seropositive mouse harbored HTNV RNA. The amplicon-based next-generation sequencing provided nearly full-length tripartite genomic sequences of six HTNV harbored by A. chejuensis. Phylogenetic and tanglegram analyses were conducted for inferring evolutionary relationships between orthohantaviruses with their reservoir hosts. Phylogenetic analysis showed a novel distinct HTNV genotype. The detected HTNV genomic sequences were phylogenetically related to a viral sequence derived from HFRS patient in southern ROK. Tanglegram analysis demonstrated the segregation of HTNV genotypes corresponding to Apodemus spp. divergence. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that A. chejuensis-borne HTNV may be a potential etiological agent of HFRS in southern ROK. Ancestral HTNV may infect A. chejuensis prior to geological isolation between the Korean peninsula and Jeju Island, supporting the co-evolution of orthohantaviruses and rodents. This study arises awareness among physicians for HFRS outbreaks in southern ROK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungmin Park
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingyeong Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of High-risk Pathogens, Bureau of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis Control, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cho IR, Kaowinn S, Song J, Kim S, Koh SS, Kang HY, Ha NC, Lee KH, Jun HS, Chung YH. Retraction Note: VP2 capsid domain of the H-1 parvovirus determines susceptibility of human cancer cells to H-1 viral infection. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:350. [PMID: 33782550 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I-R Cho
- BK21+, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kaowinn
- BK21+, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - J Song
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Aging Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - H-Y Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - N-C Ha
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-H Chung
- BK21+, Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Yoo JR, Kim JY, Heo ST, Kim J, Park HJ, Lee JY, Lim HY, Park WJ, Cho NH, Kim JM, Nam JH, Lee KH. Neutralizing Antibodies to Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Among Survivors, Non-Survivors and Healthy Residents in South Korea. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:649570. [PMID: 33834006 PMCID: PMC8021957 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.649570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a newly emerging tick-borne viral disease, has been detected in Asia since 2009, and person-to-person transmission is possible. SFTS is characterized by atypical signs, including mild to severe febrile illness similar to that associated with hemorrhagic fever, with 16.2 to 30% mortality. We found that the titers of neutralizing antibodies, play an important role in protective immunity, to SFTS virus (SFTSV) in survivors and healthy residents who lived in endemic areas and who were positive for SFTSV IgG, were higher than those in non-survivor patients. Moreover, the titers were maintained in surviving patients and healthy residents but not in non-surviving patients in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Kim
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hyeong-Jun Park
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Hee-Young Lim
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Park
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Vector Research, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Mogg Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Nam
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Seong GM, Yoo JR, Kim JG, Hyun CL, Kim M, Oh HJ, Lee KH. Proven invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the early clinical course of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: Importance of an early diagnosis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2021; 54:763-765. [PMID: 33549478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Myeong Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea.
| | - Joong-Goo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Chang Lim Hyun
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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40
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Lee KH, Kim JS, Hong SH, Seong D, Choi YR, Ahn YT, Kim KS, Kim SE, Lee S, Sim W, Kim D, Jun B, Yang JW, Yon DK, Lee SW, Kim MS, Dragioti E, Li H, Jacob L, Koyanagi A, Abou Ghayda R, Shin JI, Smith L. Risk factors of COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review of current literature and lessons from recent retracted articles. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:13089-13097. [PMID: 33378062 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_24216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, two influential articles that reported the association of (hydroxy)chloroquine or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality were retracted due to significant methodological issues. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the same clinical issues through an improved research method and to find out the differences from the retracted papers. We systematically reviewed pre-existing literature, and compared the results with those of the retracted papers to gain a novel insight. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted common risk factors identified in two retracted papers, and conducted relevant publication search until June 26, 2020 in PubMed. Then, we analyzed the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality and compared them to those of the retracted papers. RESULTS Our systematic review demonstrated that most demographic and clinical risk factors for COVID-19 mortality were similar to those of the retracted papers. However, while the retracted paper indicated that both (hydroxy)chloroquine monotherapy and combination therapy with macrolide were associated with higher risk of mortality, our study showed that only combination therapy of hydroxychloroquine and macrolide was associated with higher risk of mortality (odds ratio 2.33; 95% confidence interval 1.63-3.34). In addition, our study demonstrated that use of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) was associated with reduced risk of mortality (0.77; 0.65-0.91). CONCLUSIONS When analyzing the same clinical issues with the two retracted papers through a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and relevant cohort studies, we found out that (hydroxy)chloroquine monotherapy was not associated with higher risk of mortality, and that the use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs was associated with reduced risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim M, Heo ST, Seong GM, Lee KH, Yoo JR. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) associated with invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis in a patient with a low CD4+ T-cell count: A case report. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2020; 10:53-56. [PMID: 33376692 PMCID: PMC7759066 DOI: 10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_96_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is associated with a high mortality caused by rapidly progressive multiple organ failure. SFTS virus induces immunosuppression, mediated by interleukin-10 production, reduction of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells, and cytokine storms, and this may lead to various complications in critical SFTS patients. Recently, there have been reports of cases of invasive pulmonary Aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with SFTS in the absence of predisposing factors of IPA. However, there is no known relationship between SFTS and mycosis. Here, we report a SFTS patient with a low CD4+ T-cell count and a high viral load, who developed possible IPA in the absence of common risk factors for mycosis. This case adds to the evidence that IPA may occur as a complication of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil Myeong Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Ra SH, Kim MJ, Kim MC, Park SY, Park SY, Chong YP, Lee SO, Choi SH, Kim YS, Lee KH, Kim SH, Kee SH. Kinetics of Serological Response in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome. Viruses 2020; 13:v13010006. [PMID: 33375753 PMCID: PMC7823500 DOI: 10.3390/v13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV). We investigated the detailed kinetics of serologic response in patients with SFTS. Twenty-eight patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled between July 2015 and October 2018. SFTS was confirmed by detecting SFTSV RNA in their plasma using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. SFTSV-specific IgG and IgM were measured using immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that SFTSV-specific IgG was detected at days 5–9 after symptom onset, and its titer was rising during the course of disease. SFTSV-specific IgM titer peaked at around week 2–3 from symptom onset. The SFTSV-specific seropositive rates for days 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, and 20–24 from symptom onset using IFA and ELISA were 63%, 76%, 90%, and 100%, and 58%, 86%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, for IgG, whereas they were 32%, 62%, 80%, and 100%, and 53%, 62%, 70%, and 100%, respectively, for IgM. The delayed IgM response could be attributed to the low sensitivity of SFTSV-specific IgM IFA or ELISA and/or impaired immune responses. The IgM test using IFA or ELISA that we used in this study is, therefore, insufficient for the early diagnosis of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Ra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Min-Chul Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06973, Korea;
| | - Se Yoon Park
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04401, Korea;
| | - Seong Yeon Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea;
| | - Yong Pil Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Sang-Oh Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Sang-Ho Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Yang Soo Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Sung-Han Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea; (S.H.R.); (M.J.K.); (Y.P.C.); (S.-O.L.); (S.-H.C.); (Y.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.H.L.); (S.-H.K.)
| | - Sun-Ho Kee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
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Kim M, Heo ST, Oh H, Oh S, Lee KH, Yoo JR. Prognostic Factors of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in South Korea. Viruses 2020; 13:v13010010. [PMID: 33374620 PMCID: PMC7822455 DOI: 10.3390/v13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), a tick-borne infectious disease, is difficult to differentiate from other common febrile diseases. Clinically distinctive features and climate variates associated with tick growth can be useful predictors for SFTS. This retrospective study (2013–2019) demonstrated the role of climatic factors as predictors of SFTS and developed a clinical scoring system for SFTS using climate variables and clinical characteristics. The presence of the SFTS virus was confirmed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests. In the univariate analysis, the SFTS-positive group was significantly associated with higher mean ambient temperature and humidity compared with the SFTS-negative group (22.5 °C vs. 18.9 °C; 77.9% vs. 70.7%, all p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, poor oral intake (Odds ratio [OR] 5.87, 95% CI: 2.42–8.25), lymphadenopathy (OR 7.20, 95% CI: 6.24–11.76), mean ambient temperature ≥ 20 °C (OR 4.62, 95% CI: 1.46–10.28), absolute neutrophil count ≤ 2000 cells/μL (OR 8.95, 95% CI: 2.30–21.25), C-reactive protein level ≤ 1.2 mg/dL (OR 6.42, 95% CI: 4.02–24.21), and creatinine kinase level ≥ 200 IU/L (OR 5.94, 95% CI: 1.42–24.92) were significantly associated with the SFTS-positive group. This study presents the risk factors, including ambient temperature and clinical characteristics, that physicians should consider when suspecting SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea; (M.K.); (S.T.H.); (H.O.); (S.O.)
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea; (M.K.); (S.T.H.); (H.O.); (S.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea; (M.K.); (S.T.H.); (H.O.); (S.O.)
| | - Suhyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea; (M.K.); (S.T.H.); (H.O.); (S.O.)
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea; (M.K.); (S.T.H.); (H.O.); (S.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-717-2833
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Kim JS, Lee KH, Kim GE, Kim S, Yang JW, Li H, Hong SH, Ghayda RA, Kronbichler A, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Shin JI, Smith L. Clinical characteristics and mortality of patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19: a systematic review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:11926-11933. [PMID: 33275265 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hematologic cancer patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) tend to have a more serious disease course than observed in the general population. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed existing literature and analyzed clinical characteristics and mortality of patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through searching PubMed until June 03, 2020, we identified 16 relevant case studies (33 cases) from a total of 45 studies that have reported on patients with COVID-19 and hematologic malignancies. We investigated the clinical and laboratory characteristics including type of hematologic malignancies, initial symptoms, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes. Then, we compared those characteristics and outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 to the general population infected with COVID-19. RESULTS The median age was 66-year-old. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia was the most common type of hematologic malignancy (39.4%). Fever was the most common symptom (75.9%). Most patients had normal leukocyte counts (55.6%), lymphocytosis (45.4%), and normal platelet counts (68.8%). In comparison to patients with COVID-19 without underlying hematologic malignancies, dyspnea was more prevalent (45.0 vs. 24.9%, p=0.025). Leukocytosis (38.9 vs. 9.8%, p=0.001), lymphocytosis (45.4 vs. 8.2%, p=0.001), and thrombocytopenia (31.3 vs. 11.4%, p=0.036) were significantly more prevalent and lymphopenia (18.2 vs. 57.4%, p=0.012) less prevalent in patients with hematologic malignancies. There were no clinical and laboratory characteristics predicting mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies. Mortality was much higher in patients with hematologic malignancies compared to those without this condition (40.0 vs. 3.6%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Co-occurrence of hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 is rare. However, due to the high mortality rate from COVID-19 in this vulnerable population, further investigation on tailored treatment and management is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Yang YY, Chua CB, Hsu CW, Lee KH. Traumatic epidural pneumorrhachis: a case report. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26:528-531. [PMID: 33350966 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C B Chua
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C W Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Wu YZ, Chan KYY, Leung KT, Lam HS, Tam YH, Lee KH, Li K, Ng PC. Dysregulation of miR223 and miR431 expression in intestinal tissues of preterm infants with necrotising enterocolitis: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2020; 26 Suppl 8:46-47. [PMID: 33504679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Z Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Y Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K T Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H S Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y H Tam
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P C Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Park S, Park SH, Hwang JH, Kim JH, Lee KH, Park SH, Shin JH, Pak SY, Kang JM. Low-dose CT angiography of the lower extremities: a comparison study of image quality and radiation dose. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:156.e19-156.e26. [PMID: 33256975 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the image quality and radiation dose of ultralow-dose (ULD) and low-dose (LD) lower-extremity computed tomography (CT) angiography (LE-CTA) using the advanced modelled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) algorithm to detect peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in comparison with standard-dose (SD) CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seven consecutive patients were examined using LE-CTA at 70 kVp and a dual-source scanner to achieve three image sets using 30% (ULD), 70% (LD), and 100% (SD) tube loads. Qualitative analysis was conducted by examining the three image sets for overall quality. The image quality of arterial segments was analysed by two independent readers. In addition, the CT dose index (CTDIvol) was measured in the three image sets. RESULTS The mean overall quality scores were 3.4±0.6 for ULD CT, 3.9±0.3 for LD CT, and 3.9±0.2 for SD CT. Both readers scored the arterial segments as 2-4 (adequate-excellent) in the three image sets. In addition, 89.4% (93/104) and 54.8% (57/104) segments of PAD with calcified plaques were scored 4 between SD and LD CT and between SD and ULD CT, respectively, and 45.2% (47/104) segments had a lower score by one point in ULD CT compared with SD CT. The mean CTDIvol was 4.1±1.1 mGy for SD CT, 2.9±0.8 mGy for LD CT, and 1.2±0.3 mGy for ULD CT. CONCLUSIONS LD/ULD CT at 70 kVp using ADMIRE reconstruction enables a reduction in the radiation dose while enabling adequate evaluation or follow-up of PAD based on LE-CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Department of Radiology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Pak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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48
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Oh S, Seong GM, Kim M, Lee KH, Yoo JR. Various initial presentations of community onset-hypervirulent K2 serotype Klebsiella pneumoniae in healthy adult. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1256-1257. [PMID: 31556256 PMCID: PMC7487290 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Gil Myeong Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
- Correspondence to Jeong Rae Yoo, M.D. Tel: +82-64-717-2283 Fax: +82-64-717-1131 E-mail:
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49
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Ramadugu K, Bhaumik D, Luo T, Gicquelais RE, Lee KH, Stafford EB, Marrs CF, Neiswanger K, McNeil DW, Marazita ML, Foxman B. Maternal Oral Health Influences Infant Salivary Microbiome. J Dent Res 2020; 100:58-65. [PMID: 32859139 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520947665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiomes vary in cariogenic potential; these differences may be established early in life. A major concern is whether mothers transmit cariogenic bacteria to their children. Here we characterize early salivary microbiome development and the potential associations of that development with route of delivery, breastfeeding, and mother's oral health, and we evaluate transmission of microbes between mother and child. We analyzed saliva and metadata from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia. For this cohort study, we sequenced the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Candida albicans in the saliva from mothers and their infants, collected at 2, 9, and 12 mo (Pennsylvania site) and 2, 12, and 24 mo (West Virginia site). Breastfed children had lower relative abundances of Prevotella and Veillonella. If mothers had decayed, missing, or filled teeth, children had greater abundances of Veillonella and Actinomyces. There was little evidence of maternal transmission of selected microbes. At 12 mo, children's microbiomes were more similar to other children's than to their mothers'. Infants' salivary microbiomes became more adult-like with age but still differed with mothers' microbiomes at 12 mo. There was little evidence supporting transmission of selected microbes from mothers to children, but risk of colonization was associated with tooth emergence. Children are likely to acquire cariogenic bacteria from a variety of sources, including foods and contact with other children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ramadugu
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Bhaumik
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - T Luo
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R E Gicquelais
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K H Lee
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E B Stafford
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C F Marrs
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D W McNeil
- Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia, Department of Psychology, Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - B Foxman
- Center of Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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50
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Lee KH, Heo ST, Jeong SU, Kim MY, Jeong WS, Hyun CL, Kim YK, Yoo JR. Acute Cholangitis Caused by Boryong Strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi. Infect Chemother 2020; 52:621-625. [PMID: 32869554 PMCID: PMC7779989 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.52.4.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrub typhus present with a variety clinical manifestations caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, it is sometimes accompanied by severe complications. The clinical course of this complication is not well clear. Herein, we first report a case with acute cholangitis and acalculous cholecystitis caused by the Boryong genotype of O. tsutsugamushi. A 82-year-old woman presented with fever and acute abdominal pain on the right upper quadrant. Initially, the patient showed an abnormality of liver enzymes of cholestatic pattern. An acute cholangitis and cholecystitis were suspected on the enhanced computed tomography (CT), and emergent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed. However, neither ERCP nor CT detected common bile duct stones or sludge. The patient's illness progressed despite bile drainage and antibiotic therapy. On the fifth day in hospital, an immunofluorescence IgG assay for O. tsutsugamushi was positive, and the patient newly developed a skin rash and an eschar lesion on the right abdomen. The polymerase chain reaction amplification of Orientia genes from blood and bile was positive, genotype of both samples was identified the Boryong type. The presentation of scrub typhus as an acute cholangitis is not reported till now. In endemic areas, scrub typhus would be considered a rare etiology of acute cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Hwa Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seung Uk Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Mi Yeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Woo Seong Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Chang Lim Hyun
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Rae Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
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