Mast cell specific immunological biomarkers and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older Chinese adults

Association of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with insulin resistance in adolescents: an analysis of the NHANES database

BACKGROUND

Recent studies have found that total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE were associated with some metabolic diseases. However, the role of IgE in metabolism among adolescents is still unclear. Herein, this study aims to investigate the associations of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with insulin resistance (IR) in adolescents, in order to provide some reference for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases in a young age.

METHODS

Data of 870 adolescents were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database in 2005-2006 in this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to screen covariates and explore the relationships of serum total IgE and allergen-specific IgE with IR. The evaluation indexes were odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). In addition, these relationships were also assessed in subgroups of allergy history, asthma history, and number of allergens.

RESULTS

Among eligible adolescents, 168 had IR. No significant association between serum total IgE level and IR was found. However, adolescents with higher level of allergen-specific IgE to rye grass [OR = 0.47, 95%CI: (0.25-0.91)], white oak [OR = 0.57, 95%CI: (0.37-0.88)], or peanut [OR = 0.38, 95%CI: (0.15-0.97)] seemed to have lower odds of IR, whereas those had higher level of shrimp-specific IgE [OR = 2.65, 95%CI: (1.21-5.84)] have increased odds of IR. In addition, these associations between allergen-specific IgE and IR were also discovered in adolescents who had allergy history or asthma history, or had different numbers of allergens.

CONCLUSION

Paying attention to different allergens in adolescents may be important in the early identification of IR among this high-risk population. The study results relatively provided some reference for further exploration on IR prevention.

Immunoglobulin E levels and pregnancy-induced hypertension: Japan Environment and Children's Study

High serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels are associated with cardiovascular events. We aimed to evaluate the association between total IgE levels during the first trimester of pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) development in a large Japanese cohort. We analysed data pertaining to singleton primipara pregnancies recorded in the Japan Environment and Children's Study involving births from 2011 to 2014. Serum IgE levels were determined using the immunonephelometric technique. High serum IgE was defined as level ≥ 170 IU/ml. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) were categorized into early onset (Eo) PIH (developed < 34 weeks) or late onset (Lo) PIH (developed ≧ 34 weeks). A multiple logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk of high serum IgE levels on PIH, Eo-PIH, and Lo-PIH. Overall, 32,518 participants were enrolled. The prevalence of total, Eo-, and Lo-PIH was 3.2%, 0.6%, and 2.3%, respectively. Patients with high serum IgE levels had an increased risk of Lo-HDP (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.40). No correlation was found with either PIH (total) or Eo-PIH. High serum IgE levels during the first trimester were associated with the risk of Lo-PIH. Our results could influence and shape further research regarding the pathogenesis of Lo hypertension.

Relationship between serum levels of immunoglobulins and metabolic syndrome in an adult population: A population study from the TCLSIH cohort study

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and inflammation is considered as a pathological basis for MetS. Immunoglobulins (Igs) are the major secretory products of the adaptive immune system. However, no large-scale population study has focused on a possible relationship between Igs and MetS. We designed a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between Igs and prevalence of MetS in a large-scale adult population.

METHODS AND RESULTS

A total of 10,289 participants were recruited among residents in Tianjin, China. Metabolic syndrome was defined in accordance with the criteria of the American Heart Association scientific statements of 2009. Serum levels of Igs were determined by immunonephelometry. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between the quintiles of serum levels of Igs and the prevalence of MetS. The overall prevalence of MetS was 36.1%. The mean (standard deviation) values of Igs (IgG, IgE, IgM, and IgA) were 1205.7 (249.3) mg/dL, 93.1 (238.9) IU/mL, 105.7 (57.3) mg/dL, and 236.2 (97.6) mg/dL, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of MetS for the highest quintile of Igs (IgG, IgE, IgM, and IgA), when compared to the lowest quintile, were 0.81 (0.70, 0.95), 0.97 (0.83, 1.12), 1.13 (0.97, 1.33), and 1.52 (1.30, 1.77), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that decreased IgG and increased IgA are independently related to a higher prevalence of MetS. The results indicate that the Igs might be useful predictive factors for MetS in the general adult population.

Association of metabolic syndrome with inflammatory markers in a sample of community-dwelling older adults

The study aimed to identify the cutoff points for inflammatory markers that best discriminate the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling older adults. Baseline data were used from the elderly cohort in the city of Bambuí, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The target exposure was presence of metabolic syndrome, defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criterion, and the outcomes included the following inflammatory markers: cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 e TNF), chemokines (CXCL8, CXCL9, CCL2, CXCL10, and CCL5), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Definition of the cutoff points for the inflammatory markers was based on the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) method. The associations between these markers and metabolic syndrome were estimated by logistic regression models, obtaining odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, considering adjustment for confounding factors. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 49.1%, and IL-1β, IL-12, and TNF levels were not associated statistically with this exposure. After adjustment, presence of metabolic syndrome was associated with higher IL-6 and CRP levels and lower CXCL8 and CCL5. Significant associations were also observed with intermediate serum CXCL9 and CXCL10 levels. The combination of markers also showed a significant and consistent association with metabolic syndrome. In addition to demonstrating an association between metabolic syndrome and a wide range of biomarkers (some not previously described in the literature), the results highlight that this association occurs at much lower levels than previously demonstrated, suggesting that metabolic syndrome plays an important role in the inflammatory profile of the older adults.

Associations of immunological factors with metabolic syndrome and its characteristic elements in Chinese centenarians

BACKGROUND

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has an increased prevalence (approximately 20-25% of the adult population) all over the world. Immunological function is significantly associated with the development of MetS, and MetS is beginning to be considered as a chronic immune-related disease. The present study addressed on the associations of immunological factors with MetS and its characteristic elements in Chinese centenarians.

METHODS

Hainan is a longevity region with the highest population density of centenarians in China. The China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study has a considerable sample size, and provides a significant population-based sample of centenarians. Home interview, physical examination and blood analysis were conducted following standard procedures.

RESULTS

All centenarians had a median age of 102 (100-115) years, and the proportion of females was 80.8%. The proportion of centenarians with MetS was 16.0% (135 centenarians). Abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus had a prevalence of 26.4% (223 centenarians), 73.7% (623 centenarians), 40.4% (341 centenarians) and 10.7% (90 centenarians), respectively. In Logistic regression analyses, MetS was significantly associated with immunoglobulin E and complement C3 levels (P < 0.05 for all). Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with immunoglobulin E and complement C3 levels (P < 0.05 for all).

CONCLUSIONS

The present study provides epidemiological evidence that MetS has significant associations with immunoglobulin E and complement C3 levels, and demonstrates that abdominal obesity is significantly associated with immunoglobulin E and complement C3 levels in Chinese centenarians.