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João JMLG, Silva Barbosa JA, Sales da Silva LL, Fukuzaki S, de Campos EC, Camargo LDN, dos Santos TM, Moreira Bezerra SK, de Almeida FM, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Lopes FDTQDS, Bonturi CR, Righetti RF, Oliva MLV, Tibério IDFLC, Leick EA. Effects of plant protease inhibitors (Pep-3-EcTI, Pep-BbKI, and Pep-BrTI) versus corticosteroids on inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress in an asthma-COPD (ACO) model. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1282870. [PMID: 38774212 PMCID: PMC11106483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1282870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The peptide derived from E. contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (Pep-3-EcTI), peptide derived from kallikrein inhibitor isolated from B. bauhinioides (Pep-BbKI), and B. rufa peptide modified from B. bauhinioides (Pep-BrTI) peptides exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting their potential for treating asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO). We compared the effects of these peptides with dexamethasone (DX) treatment in an ACO model. In this study, 11 groups of male BALB/c mice were pre-treated under different conditions, including sensitization with intraperitoneal injection and inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA), intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (ELA), sensitization with intraperitoneal injection, and various combinations of peptide treatments with Pep-3-EcTI, Pep-BbKI, Pep-BrTI, dexamethasone, and non-treated controls (SAL-saline). Respiratory system resistance, airway resistance, lung tissue resistance, exhaled nitric oxide, linear mean intercept, immune cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, cytokine expression, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress in the airways and alveolar septa were evaluated on day 28. Results showed increased respiratory parameters, inflammatory markers, and tissue remodeling in the ACO group compared to controls. Treatment with the peptides or DX attenuated or reversed these responses, with the peptides showing effectiveness in controlling hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress markers. These peptides demonstrated an efficacy comparable to that of corticosteroids in the ACO model. However, this study highlights the need for further research to assess their safety, mechanisms of action, and potential translation to clinical studies before considering these peptides for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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Santos NRM, de Oliveira WF, Cabrera MP, Bezerra Filho CM, Patriota LLS, Napoleão TH, Paiva PMG, Oliva MLV, Cabral Filho PE, Fontes A, Correia MTS. A fluorescent quantum dot conjugate to probe the interaction of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor with cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126453. [PMID: 37619683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Serine proteases play crucial biological roles and have their activity controlled by inhibitors, such as the EcTI, a serine protease inhibitor purified from Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds, which has anticancer activity. This study aimed to conjugate EcTI with quantum dots (QDs), fluorophores with outstanding optical properties, and investigate the interaction of QDs-EcTI nanoprobe with cancer cells. The conjugation was evaluated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and fluorescence microplate assay (FMA). EcTI inhibitory activity after interaction with QDs was also analyzed. From FCS, the conjugate presented a hydrodynamic diameter about 4× greater than bare QDs, suggesting a successful conjugation. This was supported by FMA, which showed a relative fluorescence intensity of ca. 3815% for the nanosystem, concerning bare QDs or EcTI alone. The EcTI inhibitory activity remained intact after its interaction with QDs. From flow cytometry analyses, approximately 62% of MDA-MB-231 and 90% of HeLa cells were labeled with the QD-EcTI conjugate, suggesting that their membranes have different protease levels to which EcTI exhibits an affinity. Concluding, the QD-EcTI represents a valuable nanotool to study the interaction of this inhibitor with cancer cells using fluorescence-based techniques with the potential to unravel the intricate dynamics of interplays between proteases and inhibitors in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália R M Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Weslley F de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Mariana P Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Clovis M Bezerra Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil; Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50050-900, Brazil
| | - Leydianne L S Patriota
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago H Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M G Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Paulo E Cabral Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fontes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Radiobiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Maria T S Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Barbosa JAS, da Silva LLS, João JMLG, de Campos EC, Fukuzaki S, Camargo LDN, dos Santos TM, dos Santos HT, Bezerra SKM, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Lopes FDTQDS, Bonturi CR, Oliva MLV, Leick EA, Righetti RF, Tibério IDFLC. Investigating the Effects of a New Peptide, Derived from the Enterolobium contortisiliquum Proteinase Inhibitor (EcTI), on Inflammation, Remodeling, and Oxidative Stress in an Experimental Mouse Model of Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap (ACO). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14710. [PMID: 37834157 PMCID: PMC10573003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesized peptide derived from Enterolobium contortisiliquum (pep3-EcTI) has been associated with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and it may be a potential new treatment for asthma-COPD overlap-ACO). Purpose: To investigate the primary sequence effects of pep3-EcTI in an experimental ACO. BALB/c mice were divided into eight groups: SAL (saline), OVA (ovalbumin), ELA (elastase), ACO (ovalbumin + elastase), ACO-pep3-EcTI (treated with inhibitor), ACO-DX (treated with dexamethasone), ACO-DX-pep3-EcTI (treated with dexamethasone and inhibitor), and SAL-pep3-EcTI (saline group treated with inhibitor). We evaluated the hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, exhaled nitric oxide, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), mean linear intercept (Lm), inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interferon (IFN)), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), growth factor (TGF-β), collagen fibers, the oxidative stress marker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), transcription factors, and the signaling pathway NF-κB in the airways (AW) and alveolar septa (AS). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and t-tests, significant when p < 0.05. ACO caused alterations in the airways and alveolar septa. Compared with SAL, ACO-pep3-EcTI reversed the changes in the percentage of resistance of the respiratory system (%Rrs), the elastance of the respiratory system (%Ers), tissue resistance (%Gtis), tissue elastance (%Htis), airway resistance (%Raw), Lm, exhaled nitric oxide (ENO), lymphocytes, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ, MMP-12, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, collagen fibers, and iNOS. ACO-DX reversed the changes in %Rrs, %Ers, %Gtis, %Htis, %Raw, total cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ, MMP-12, TGF-β, collagen fibers, and iNOS. ACO-DX-pep3-EcTI reversed the changes, as was also observed for the pep3-EcTI and the ACO-DX-pep3-EcTI. Significance: The pep3-EcTI was revealed to be a promising strategy for the treatment of ACO, asthma, and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Anastácia Silva Barbosa
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Luana Laura Sales da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Juliana Morelli Lopes Gonçalves João
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina de Campos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Leandro do Nascimento Camargo
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Tabata Maruyama dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Henrique Tibucheski dos Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Suellen Karoline Moreira Bezerra
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Department of Medicine, University City of São Paulo, São Paulo 03071-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Degobbi Tenório Quirino dos Santos Lopes
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (C.R.B.); (M.L.V.O.)
| | - Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04039-002, Brazil; (C.R.B.); (M.L.V.O.)
| | - Edna Aparecida Leick
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
| | - Renato Fraga Righetti
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
- Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério
- Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.); (L.L.S.d.S.); (J.M.L.G.J.); (E.C.d.C.); (S.F.); (L.d.N.C.); (T.M.d.S.); (H.T.d.S.); (S.K.M.B.); (B.M.S.-R.); (F.D.T.Q.d.S.L.); (E.A.L.); (R.F.R.)
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Bonturi CR, Salu BR, Bonazza CN, Sinigaglia RDC, Rodrigues T, Alvarez-Flores MP, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Oliva MLV. Proliferation and Invasion of Melanoma Are Suppressed by a Plant Protease Inhibitor, Leading to Downregulation of Survival/Death-Related Proteins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092956. [PMID: 35566311 PMCID: PMC9104945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion and migration are crucial for cancer progression and malignancy. Drugs available for the treatment of metastatic melanoma are expensive and unfit for certain patients. Therefore, there is still a need to identify new drugs that block tumor cell development. We investigated the effects of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), a protease inhibitor, on cell viability, cell migration, invasion, cell adhesion, and cell death (hallmarks of cancer) in vitro using human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28 and CHL-1). Although EcTI did not affect non-tumor cells, it significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion of melanoma cells. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms revealed that EcTI triggered apoptosis and nuclear shrinkage, increased PI uptake, activated effector caspases-3/7, and produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, EcTI disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential, altered calcium homeostasis, and modified proteins associated with survival and apoptosis/autophagy regulation. Acridine orange staining indicated acidic vesicular organelle formation upon EcTI treatment, demonstrating a cell death display. Electronic microscopy corroborated the apoptotic pattern by allowing the visualization of apoptotic bodies, mitochondrial cristae disorganization, and autophagic vesicles. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the anti-cancer properties of the natural EcTI protein, establishing it as a promising new therapeutic drug for use in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Bruno Ramos Salu
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Camila Nimri Bonazza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Sinigaglia
- Electron Microscopy Center, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Centre for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04044-020, Brazil
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Plant Kunitz Inhibitors and Their Interaction with Proteases: Current and Potential Pharmacological Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094742. [PMID: 35563133 PMCID: PMC9100506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The action of proteases can be controlled by several mechanisms, including regulation through gene expression; post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation; zymogen activation; targeting specific compartments, such as lysosomes and mitochondria; and blocking proteolysis using endogenous inhibitors. Protease inhibitors are important molecules to be explored for the control of proteolytic processes in organisms because of their ability to act on several proteases. In this context, plants synthesize numerous proteins that contribute to protection against attacks by microorganisms (fungi and bacteria) and/or invertebrates (insects and nematodes) through the inhibition of proteases in these organisms. These proteins are widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and are present in higher concentrations in legume seeds (compared to other organs and other botanical families), motivating studies on their inhibitory effects in various organisms, including humans. In most cases, the biological roles of these proteins have been assigned based mostly on their in vitro action, as is the case with enzyme inhibitors. This review highlights the structural evolution, function, and wide variety of effects of plant Kunitz protease inhibitors, and their potential for pharmaceutical application based on their interactions with different proteases.
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Differences in the Inhibitory Specificity Distinguish the Efficacy of Plant Protease Inhibitors on Mouse Fibrosarcoma. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030602. [PMID: 33806820 PMCID: PMC8005126 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis, the primary cause of death from malignant tumors, is facilitated by multiple protease-mediated processes. Thus, effort has been invested in the development of protease inhibitors to prevent metastasis. Here, we investigated the effects of protease inhibitors including the recombinant inhibitors rBbKI (serine protease inhibitor) and rBbCI (serine and cysteine inhibitor) derived from native inhibitors identified in Bauhinia bauhinioides seeds, and EcTI (serine and metalloprotease inhibitor) isolated from the seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum on the mouse fibrosarcoma model (lineage L929). rBbKI inhibited 80% of cell viability of L929 cells after 48 h, while EcTI showed similar efficacy after 72 h. Both inhibitors acted in a dose and time-dependent manner. Conversely, rBbCI did not significantly affect the viability of L929 cells. Confocal microscopy revealed the binding of rBbKI and EcTI to the L929 cell surface. rBbKI inhibited approximately 63% of L929 adhesion to fibronectin, in contrast with EcTI and rBbCI, which did not significantly interfere with adhesion. None of the inhibitors interfered with the L929 cell cycle phases. The synthetic peptide RPGLPVRFESPL-NH2, based on the BbKI reactive site, inhibited 45% of the cellular viability of L929, becoming a promising protease inhibitor due to its ease of synthesis.
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Dombe S, Shirote P. Nanosponges Encapsulated Phytochemicals for Targeting Cancer: A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:443-462. [PMID: 33045959 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201012201455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the most ruinous disease globally. Natural products have impressive characteristics, such as exceptional chemical versatility, chemical and biological properties of macromolecular specificity and less toxicity which make them good leads in finding novel drugs. The phytochemicals not only help to prevent but also treat chronic cancerous conditions. The present review attempts to put forth some selected anticancer phytochemicals that had reported omics characteristic and specifically suppressed cancer with in vitro and in vivo activity. Certain issues pertaining to anticancer phytochemicals like delivery to target site in the body and achieving controlled release in order to prevent overdoses have been a major concern for medical researchers worldwide. The most conventional chemotherapy protocols for the treatment of cancer lead to adverse effects that limit biological efficacy and compromise patient outcomes. In order to defeat incompetency of current and upcoming natural anticancer agents and to attain targeted drug delivery with good efficacy and fewer side effects, there is a special focus on novel nanostructured particles and nano approaches consisting of carrier system. Recent studies have led to the discovery of mesoporous and nanoporous drug delivery mechanisms, such as inorganic or organic-based nanosponges. The metal based inorganic systems have exhibited toxicity and non-biodegradable character in vivo. As a result of problems related to inorganic systems, major shift of research from inorganic to organic nanosystems has occurred. About decades ago, researchers developed organic nanosponges to control the limitation of drug delivery and cancer therapies. This review article discusses the development and application of nanosponges encapsulated phytochemicals for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailaja Dombe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Arvind Gavali College of Pharmacy, Satara, Shivaji University, Satara-415004, India
| | - Pramodkumar Shirote
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Arvind Gavali College of Pharmacy, Satara, Shivaji University, Satara- 415004, India
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Biotechnological Potential of Araucaria angustifolia Pine Nuts Extract and the Cysteine Protease Inhibitor AaCI-2S. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121676. [PMID: 33266031 PMCID: PMC7760129 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protease inhibitors are involved in the regulation of endogenous cysteine proteases during seed development and play a defensive role because of their ability to inhibit exogenous proteases such as those present in the digestive tracts of insects. Araucaria angustifolia seeds, which can be used in human and animal feed, were investigated for their potential for the development of agricultural biotechnology and in the field of human health. In the pine nuts extract, which blocked the activities of cysteine proteases, it was detected potent insecticidal activity against termites (Nasutitermes corniger) belonging to the most abundant termite genus in tropical regions. The cysteine inhibitor (AaCI-2S) was purified by ion-exchange, size exclusion, and reversed-phase chromatography. Its functional and structural stability was confirmed by spectroscopic and circular dichroism studies, and by detection of inhibitory activity at different temperatures and pH values. Besides having activity on cysteine proteases from C. maculatus digestive tract, AaCI-2S inhibited papain, bromelain, ficin, and cathepsin L and impaired cell proliferation in gastric and prostate cancer cell lines. These properties qualify A. angustifolia seeds as a protein source with value properties of natural insecticide and to contain a protease inhibitor with the potential to be a bioactive molecule on different cancer cells.
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Tabosa PMS, Almeida Filho LCP, Franca RX, Rocha-Bezerra LCB, Vasconcelos IM, Carvalho AFU. Trypsin inhibitor from Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds impairs Aedes aegypti development and enhances the activity of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3693-3701. [PMID: 32453460 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease vector insects are barriers for human development. The use of synthetic chemicals to control these vectors has caused damage to the environment and contributed to the arising of resistant insect populations. This has led to an increased search for plant-derived molecules with insecticidal activity or that show synergistic effects with known insecticidal substances, such as protease inhibitors. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI) on Aedes aegypti development as well as its effect on insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins. RESULTS EcTI showed an apparent molecular mass about of 20 kDa in SDS-PAGE and was able to inhibit in vitro the activity of trypsin and proteases from midgut of Ae. aegypti larvae. EcTI was not able to cause acute toxicity on mosquito larvae even at 1000 μg mL-1 , however it promoted a delay in larval development after prolonged exposure. The zymogram results for EcTI-treated larvae (from 50 to 200 μg mL-1 ) showed an increase of midgut proteases activity as a larvae defense mechanism, however no changes in the enzyme profile was observed. These same concentrations were able to enhance up to three fold the insecticidal activity of B. thuringiensis toxins without causing toxicity to Artemia sp. nauplii, a non-target organism. CONCLUSIONS The results offer a novel approach by combining EcTI and B. thuringiensis toxins for combating Ae. aegypti larvae. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M S Tabosa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Rute X Franca
- Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Ilka M Vasconcelos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana F U Carvalho
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Biology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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10
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Lobo YA, Bonazza C, Batista FP, Castro RA, Bonturi CR, Salu BR, de Cassia Sinigaglia R, Toma L, Vicente CM, Pidde G, Tambourgi DV, Alvarez-Flores MP, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Oliva MLV. EcTI impairs survival and proliferation pathways in triple-negative breast cancer by modulating cell-glycosaminoglycans and inflammatory cytokines. Cancer Lett 2020; 491:108-120. [PMID: 32841713 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, and triple-negative breast cancer is the most aggressive type of breast cancer, which does not respond to hormonal therapies. The protease inhibitor, EcTI, extracted from seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum, acts on the main signaling pathways of the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. This inhibitor, when bound to collagen I of the extracellular matrix, triggers a series of pathways capable of decreasing the viability, adhesion, migration, and invasion of these cells. This inhibitor can interfere in the cell cycle process through the main signaling pathways such as the adhesion, Integrin/FAK/SRC, Akt, ERK, and the cell death pathway BAX and BCL-2. It also acts by reducing the main inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1, besides NFκB, a transcription factor, responsible for the aggressive and metastatic characteristics of this type of tumor. Thus, the inhibitor was able to reduce the main processes of carcinogenesis of this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara A Lobo
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Bonazza
- Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrício P Batista
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Castro
- Gynecology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila R Bonturi
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno R Salu
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Sinigaglia
- Electron Microscopy Center at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leny Toma
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina M Vicente
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pidde
- Immunochemistry, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Denise V Tambourgi
- Immunochemistry, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Miryam P Alvarez-Flores
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana M Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo, 05503-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V Oliva
- Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Wu KH, Lee WJ, Cheng TC, Chang HW, Chen LC, Chen CC, Lien HM, Lin TN, Ho YS. Study of the antitumor mechanisms of apiole derivatives (AP-02) from Petroselinum crispum through induction of G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in human COLO 205 cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:188. [PMID: 31351461 PMCID: PMC6660667 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Apiole was isolated from the leaves of various plants and vegetables and has been demonstrated to inhibit human colon cancer cell (COLO 205 cells) growth through induction of G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death. This study further explored the antitumor effects of apiole derivatives AP-02, 04, and 05 in COLO 205 cancer cells. Methods Human breast (MDA-MB-231, ZR75), lung (A549, PE089), colon (COLO 205, HT 29), and hepatocellular (Hep G2, Hep 3B) cancer cells were treated with apiole and its derivatives in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis was subsequently performed to determine the mechanism of AP-02-induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. The in vivo antitumor effect of AP-02 (1 and 5 mg/kg, administered twice per week) was examined by treating athymic nude mice bearing COLO 205 tumor xenografts. The molecular mechanisms of AP-02-induced antitumor effects were determined using western blot analysis. Results AP-02 was the most effective compound, especially for inhibition of COLO 205 colon cancer cell growth. The cytotoxicity of AP-02 in normal colon epithelial (FHC) cells was significantly lower than that in other normal cells derived from the breast, lung or liver. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that AP-02-induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in COLO 205 cells but not in HT 29 cells (< 5 μM for 24 h, **p < 0.01). Tumor growth volume was also significantly inhibited in AP-02 (> 1 mg/kg)-treated athymic nude mice bearing COLO 205 tumor xenografts compared to control mice (*p < 0.05). Furthermore, G0/G1 phase regulatory proteins (p53 and p21/Cip1) and an invasion suppressor protein (E-cadherin) were significantly upregulated, while cyclin D1 was significantly downregulated, in AP-02-treated tumor tissues compared to the control group (> 1 mg/kg, *p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results provide in vitro and in vivo molecular evidence of AP-02-induced anti-proliferative effects on colon cancer, indicating that this compound might have potential clinical applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2590-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Venkatachalam P, Nadumane VK. Purification and Characterization of a Protease Inhibitor with Anticancer Potential from Bacillus endophyticus JUPR15. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394714666180321150605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Introduction: Protease Inhibitors (PIs) constitute a group of proteins widely distributed among all organisms and their main function includes their ability to inhibit the proteolytic activity. PIs represent an important role in the regulation of various cellular physiological and biological processes, including cell cycle, cell death, differentiation and immune response.Material and Methods:Hence, in our search for novel anticancer compounds, we isolated microorganisms from various environmental sources and screened them for the production of protease inhibitors. Promising isolates were further checked for their protease inhibitory activity by their ability to inhibit the activity of trypsin and chymotrypsin, which were measured spectrophotometrically.Results:The isolate identified as Bacillus endophyticus JUPR15 was found to be promising with higher inhibitory activity than the other isolates. The inhibitor was purified by cold acetone precipitation and column chromatography and further subjected to characterization studies by performing 12 % SDS-PAGE to determine the molecular weight and gelatin-PAGE assay to confirm its inhibitory activity.Conclusion:The isolate exhibited promising anticancer activity on in-vitro Hela and HepG2 cancer cell lines, showing its application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerana Venkatachalam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Jain University, Jayanagar, Bengaluru-560 011, India
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13
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Bonturi CR, Motaln H, Silva MCC, Salu BR, de Brito MV, de Andrade Luz Cost L, Torquato HFV, Nunes NNDS, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Turnšek TL, Oliva MLV. Could a plant derived protein potentiate the anticancer effects of a stem cell in brain cancer? Oncotarget 2018; 9:21296-21312. [PMID: 29765540 PMCID: PMC5940364 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor overall survival bellow 2 years. The natural compounds with anti-cancer properties, are thus gaining attention for possible adjuvant GBM treatment. In various cancer models Enterolobium contortisiliquum Trypsin Inhibitor (EcTI) proved to have anti-cancer effects. Here, we investigated the EcTI effects on GBM U87 cells and on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) compared to their direct coculture (MSC/U87). MSC are present in tumor stroma, modulating GBM cells phenotype, and also represent potential drug delivery vehicle due to their tumor tropism. We showed that in p53-wild type U87 cells, metabolic activity was less affected by EcTI as in MSC monocuture, but the metabolic rate of mixed coculture was significantly reduced at lower EcTI concentration. Under coculture condition, EcTI potentiated MSC induced cell cycle arrest, possible due to highly increased p53, p21 and lower D1 expression, but there was no effect on apoptosis. Accordingly, in the coculture EcTI also enhanced Ca2+ signalling mediated via bradykinin receptor 2, being associated with nitric oxide release that highly impaired proliferation and invasion. The mechanism did not seem to involve changes in cell adhesion but rather it down-regulated the β1 integrin signaling with associated p-FAK in U87 cells, both supporting inhibition of invasion. Finally, some cytokines were down-regulated, indicating that EcTI inhibition of signalling might be mediated by cytokines. In conclusion, these results indicate that in cocultured MSC/U87 cells EcTI impairs the metabolic activity, proliferation, and reduced invasion, possibly associated with observed cytokines secretion. In this context, we confirmed that the plant derived protein potentiated the anticancer effects, induced by MSC, as represented by GBM U87 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Motaln
- Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology Department, National Institute of Biology, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Bruno Ramos Salu
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Marlon Vilela de Brito
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Tamara Lah Turnšek
- Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology Department, National Institute of Biology, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Mahmood T, Kanwal S, Ali B, Shah SA, Khalil AT. Plant-derived anticancer agents: A green anticancer approach. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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15
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A Plant Proteinase Inhibitor from Enterolobium contortisiliquum Attenuates Pulmonary Mechanics, Inflammation and Remodeling Induced by Elastase in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020403. [PMID: 28216579 PMCID: PMC5343937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinase inhibitors have been associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and may represent a potential therapeutic treatment for emphysema. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of a plant Kunitz proteinase inhibitor, Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), on several aspects of experimental elastase-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice. C57/Bl6 mice were intratracheally administered elastase (ELA) or saline (SAL) and were treated intraperitoneally with EcTI (ELA-EcTI, SAL-EcTI) on days 1, 14 and 21. On day 28, pulmonary mechanics, exhaled nitric oxide (ENO) and number leucocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were evaluated. Subsequently, lung immunohistochemical staining was submitted to morphometry. EcTI treatment reduced responses of the mechanical respiratory system, number of cells in the BALF, and reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-positive cells and volume proportion of isoprostane, collagen and elastic fibers in the airways and alveolar walls compared with the ELA group. EcTI treatment reduced elastase induced pulmonary inflammation, remodeling, oxidative stress and mechanical alterations, suggesting that this inhibitor may be a potential therapeutic tool for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management.
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Srikanth S, Chen Z. Plant Protease Inhibitors in Therapeutics-Focus on Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:470. [PMID: 28008315 PMCID: PMC5143346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are known to have many secondary metabolites and phytochemical compounds which are highly explored at biochemical and molecular genetics level and exploited enormously in the human health care sector. However, there are other less explored small molecular weight proteins, which inhibit proteases/proteinases. Plants are good sources of protease inhibitors (PIs) which protect them against diseases, insects, pests, and herbivores. In the past, proteinaceous PIs were considered primarily as protein-degrading enzymes. Nevertheless, this view has significantly changed and PIs are now treated as very important signaling molecules in many biological activities such as inflammation, apoptosis, blood clotting and hormone processing. In recent years, PIs have been examined extensively as therapeutic agents, primarily to deal with various human cancers. Interestingly, many plant-based PIs are also found to be effective against cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, inflammatory diseases and neurological disorders. Several plant PIs are under further evaluation in in vitro clinical trials. Among all types of PIs, Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI) have been studied extensively in the treatment of many diseases, especially in the field of cancer prevention. So far, crops such as beans, potatoes, barley, squash, millet, wheat, buckwheat, groundnut, chickpea, pigeonpea, corn, and pineapple have been identified as good sources of PIs. The PI content of such foods has a significant influence on human health disorders, particularly in the regions where people mostly depend on these kind of foods. These natural PIs vary in concentration, protease specificity, heat stability, and sometimes several PIs may be present in the same species or tissue. However, it is important to carry out individual studies to identify the potential effects of each PI on human health. PIs in plants make them incredible sources to determine novel PIs with specific pharmacological and therapeutic effects due to their peculiarity and superabundance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhong Chen
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore, Singapore
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Price SJ, Pangloli P, Krishnan HB, Dia VP. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor in addition to Bowman-Birk inhibitor influence stability of lunasin against pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysis. Food Res Int 2016; 90:205-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pesoti AR, Oliveira BMD, Oliveira ACD, Pompeu DG, Gonçalves DB, Marangoni S, Silva JAD, Granjeiro PA. Extraction, purification and characterization of inhibitor of trypsin from Chenopodium quinoa seeds. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-457x.6655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhou D, Hansen D, Shabalin IG, Gustchina A, Vieira DF, de Brito MV, Araújo APU, Oliva MLV, Wlodawer A. Structure of BbKI, a disulfide-free plasma kallikrein inhibitor. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2015; 71:1055-62. [PMID: 26249699 PMCID: PMC4528941 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15011127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A serine protease inhibitor from Bauhinia bauhinioides (BbKI) belongs to the Kunitz family of plant inhibitors, which are common in plant seeds. BbKI does not contain any disulfides, unlike most other members of this family. It is a potent inhibitor of plasma kallikrein, in addition to other serine proteases, and thus exhibits antithrombotic activity. A high-resolution crystal structure of recombinantly expressed BbKI was determined (at 1.4 Å resolution) and was compared with the structures of other members of the family. Modeling of a complex of BbKI with plasma kallikrein indicates that changes in the local structure of the reactive loop that includes the specificity-determining Arg64 are necessary in order to explain the tight binding. An R64A mutant of BbKI was found to be a weaker inhibitor of plasma kallikrein, but was much more potent against plasmin, suggesting that this mutant may be useful for preventing the breakup of fibrin and maintaining clot stability, thus preventing excessive bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Daiane Hansen
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo–Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Três de Maio 100, 04044-020 São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Ivan G. Shabalin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alla Gustchina
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Debora F. Vieira
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, 13560-970 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Marlon V. de Brito
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, 13560-970 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula U. Araújo
- Institute of Physics of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, 13560-970 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V. Oliva
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo–Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Três de Maio 100, 04044-020 São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Silva JA, Pompeu DG, Smolka MB, Gozzo FC, Comar M, Eberlin MN, Granjeiro PA, Marangoni S. Primary Structure of a Trypsin Inhibitor (Copaifera langsdorffii Trypsin Inhibitor-1) Obtained from C. langsdorffii Seeds. J Biomol Tech 2015. [PMID: 26207098 DOI: 10.7171/jbt.15-2603-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the aim was to determine the complete sequence of the Copaifera langsdorffii trypsin inhibitor (CTI)-1 using 2-dimensional (2D)-PAGE, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF), and quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) spectrometry. Spots A (CTI-1) and F (CTI-2) were submitted to enzymatic digestions with trypsin, SV8, and clostripain. The accurate mass of the peptide obtained from each digest was determined by mass spectrometry (MS) using MALDI-TOF. The most abundant peptides were purified and sequenced in a liquid chromatograph connected to an electrospray ionization-QTOF MS. When the purified trypsin inhibitor was submitted to 2D electrophoresis, different spots were observed, suggesting that the protein is composed of 2 subunits with microheterogeneity. Isoelectric points of 8.0, 8.5, and 9.0 were determined for the 11 kDa subunit and of 4.7, 4.6, and 4.3 for the 9 kDa subunit. The primary structure of CTI-1, determined from the mass of the peptide of the enzymatic digestions and the sequence obtained by MS, indicated 180 shared amino acid residues and a high degree of similarity with other Kunitz (KTI)-type inhibitors. The peptide also contained an Arg residue at the reactive site position. Its 3-dimensional structure revealed that this is because the structural discrepancies do not affect the canonical conformation of the reactive loop of the peptide. Results demonstrate that a detailed investigation of the structural particularities of CTI-1 could provide a better understanding of the mechanism of action of these proteins, as well as clarify its biologic function in the seeds. CTI-1 belongs to the KTI family and is composed of 2 polypeptide chains and only 1 disulfide bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Silva
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dávia G Pompeu
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcus B Smolka
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fabio C Gozzo
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Moacyr Comar
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcos N Eberlin
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Granjeiro
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Marangoni
- 1 Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, Brazil; and 2 Departamento de Bioquímica and 3 Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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A Protein from Aloe vera that Inhibits the Cleavage of Human Fibrin(ogen) by Plasmin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:2034-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhou D, Lobo YA, Batista IFC, Marques-Porto R, Gustchina A, Oliva MLV, Wlodawer A. Crystal structures of a plant trypsin inhibitor from Enterolobium contortisiliquum (EcTI) and of its complex with bovine trypsin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62252. [PMID: 23626794 PMCID: PMC3633903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A serine protease inhibitor from Enterolobium contortisiliquum (EcTI) belongs to the Kunitz family of plant inhibitors, common in plant seeds. It was shown that EcTI inhibits the invasion of gastric cancer cells through alterations in integrin-dependent cell signaling pathway. We determined high-resolution crystal structures of free EcTI (at 1.75 Å) and complexed with bovine trypsin (at 2 Å). High quality of the resulting electron density maps and the redundancy of structural information indicated that the sequence of the crystallized isoform contained 176 residues and differed from the one published previously. The structure of the complex confirmed the standard inhibitory mechanism in which the reactive loop of the inhibitor is docked into trypsin active site with the side chains of Arg64 and Ile65 occupying the S1 and S1′ pockets, respectively. The overall conformation of the reactive loop undergoes only minor adjustments upon binding to trypsin. Larger deviations are seen in the vicinity of Arg64, driven by the needs to satisfy specificity requirements. A comparison of the EcTI-trypsin complex with the complexes of related Kunitz inhibitors has shown that rigid body rotation of the inhibitors by as much as 15° is required for accurate juxtaposition of the reactive loop with the active site while preserving its conformation. Modeling of the putative complexes of EcTI with several serine proteases and a comparison with equivalent models for other Kunitz inhibitors elucidated the structural basis for the fine differences in their specificity, providing tools that might allow modification of their potency towards the individual enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
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Ferreira JG, Diniz PMM, Andrade de Paula CA, Lobo YA, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Paschoalin T, Nogueira-Pedro A, Maza PK, Toledo MS, Suzuki E, Oliva MLV. The impaired viability of prostate cancer cell lines by the recombinant plant kallikrein inhibitor. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:13641-54. [PMID: 23511635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.404053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kallikreins play a pivotal role in establishing prostate cancer. RESULTS In contrast to the classical Kunitz plant inhibitor SbTI, the recombinant kallikrein inhibitor (rBbKIm) led to prostate cancer cell death, whereas fibroblast viability was not affected. CONCLUSION rBbKIm shows selective cytotoxic effect and angiogenesis inhibition against prostate cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE New actions of rBbKIm may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer, and kallikreins play an important role in the establishment of this disease. rBbKIm is the recombinant Bauhinia bauhinioides kallikreins inhibitor that was modified to include the RGD/RGE motifs of the inhibitor BrTI from Bauhinia rufa. This work reports the effects of rBbKIm on DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines. rBbKIm inhibited the cell viability of DU145 and PC3 cells but did not affect the viability of fibroblasts. rBbKIm caused an arrest of the PC3 cell cycle at the G0/G1 and G2/M phases but did not affect the DU145 cell cycle, although rBbKIm triggers apoptosis and cytochrome c release into the cytosol of both cell types. The differences in caspase activation were observed because rBbKIm treatment promoted activation of caspase-3 in DU145 cells, whereas caspase-9 but not caspase-3 was activated in PC3 cells. Because angiogenesis is important to the development of a tumor, the effect of rBbKIm in this process was also analyzed, and an inhibition of 49% was observed in in vitro endothelial cell capillary-like tube network formation. In summary, we demonstrated that different properties of the protease inhibitor rBbKIm may be explored for investigating the androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gasperazzo Ferreira
- Departments of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Patil DN, Chaudhary A, Sharma AK, Tomar S, Kumar P. Structural basis for dual inhibitory role of tamarind Kunitz inhibitor (TKI) against factor Xa and trypsin. FEBS J 2012; 279:4547-64. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipak N. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee; Uttarakhand; India
| | - Anshul Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee; Uttarakhand; India
| | - Ashwani K. Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee; Uttarakhand; India
| | - Shailly Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee; Uttarakhand; India
| | - Pravindra Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Roorkee; Uttarakhand; India
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Cytotoxic Effect of Freeze-Dried Extract of Ecballium elaterium Fruit on Gastric Adenocarcinoma (AGS) and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (KYSE30) Cell Lines. J Gastrointest Cancer 2012; 43:579-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-012-9383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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de Paula CAA, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Ferreira JG, Maza PK, Suzuki E, Nakahata AM, Nader HB, Sampaio MU, Oliva MLV. Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), a plant proteinase inhibitor, decreases in vitro cell adhesion and invasion by inhibition of Src protein-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:170-182. [PMID: 22039045 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.263996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell invasion is vital for cancer progression and metastasis. Adhesion, migration, and degradation of the extracellular matrix are important events involved in the establishment of cancer cells at a new site, and therefore molecular targets are sought to inhibit such processes. The effect of a plant proteinase inhibitor, Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), on the adhesion, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells was the focus of this study. EcTI showed no effect on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells or fibroblasts but inhibited the adhesion, migration, and cell invasion of gastric cancer cells; however, EcTI had no effect upon the adhesion of fibroblasts. EcTI was shown to decrease the expression and disrupt the cellular organization of molecules involved in the formation and maturation of invadopodia, such as integrin β1, cortactin, neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, membrane type 1 metalloprotease, and metalloproteinase-2. Moreover, gastric cancer cells treated with EcTI presented a significant decrease in intracellular phosphorylated Src and focal adhesion kinase, integrin-dependent cell signaling components. Together, these results indicate that EcTI inhibits the invasion of gastric cancer cells through alterations in integrin-dependent cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Alessandra Andrade de Paula
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Vivien Jane Coulson-Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Joana Gasperazzo Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Paloma Korehisa Maza
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, 04044-020 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, 04044-020 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Miti Nakahata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Helena Bonciani Nader
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Misako Uemura Sampaio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza V Oliva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04044-020, Brazil.
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