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Chen H, Liu S, Wu S, Nong X, Liu N, Li L. GSG2 promotes progression of human endometrial cancer by regulating PD-1/PD-L1 expression via PI3K-AKT pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112196. [PMID: 38759367 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle dysregulation leading to uncontrolled growth is a primary characteristic of malignancy. GSG2, a mitosis-related kinase, affects the normal cell cycle by interfering with the normal dissociation of centromere cohesion, and its overexpression has been shown to play an important role in cancer cells. Here, we investigated the function of GSG2 as a tumor promoter in endometrial carcinoma and its relationship with the immunological microenvironment. We used immunohistochemistry to identify a correlation between the development and prognosis of GSG2 and endometrial cancer. Cell and animal experiments confirmed that GSG2 has a protumorigenic phenotype in endometrial cancer cell lines. Furthermore, using GeneChip analysis and a tumor-immune coculture model, we observed a link between GSG2 expression and the composition of the immune microenvironment. Therefore, we concluded that the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway by GSG2 may impact DNA repair, disrupt the cell cycle, and regulate the immune response, all of which could increase the ability of EC cells to proliferate malignantly. Consequently, it is anticipated that GSG2 will be a viable therapeutic target in endometrial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
| | - Shuxi Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Sikao Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xianxian Nong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Naiyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Nanning 530021, PR China.
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2
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Mostafa N, Chen PJ, Darwish SS, Su YC, Shiao MH, Piazza GA, Abadi AH, Engel M, Abdel-Halim M. N-Benzylated 5-Hydroxybenzothiophene-2-carboxamides as Multi-Targeted Clk/Dyrk Inhibitors and Potential Anticancer Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2033. [PMID: 38893153 PMCID: PMC11171218 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that Dyrk1A, Dyrk1B, and Clk1 are overexpressed in multiple cancers, suggesting a role in malignant disease. Here, we introduce a novel class of group-selective kinase inhibitors targeting Dyrk1A, Dyrk1B, and Clk1. This was achieved by modifying our earlier selective Clk1 inhibitors, which were based on the 5-methoxybenzothiophene-2-carboxamide scaffold. By incorporating a 5-hydroxy group, we increased the potential for additional hydrogen bond interactions that broadened the inhibitory effect to include Dyrk1A and Dyrk1B kinases. Within this series, compounds 12 and 17 emerged as the most potent multi-kinase inhibitors against Dyrk1A, Dyrk1B, and Clk1. Furthermore, when assessed against the most closely related kinases also implicated in cancer, the frontrunner compounds revealed additional inhibitory activity against Haspin and Clk2. Compounds 12 and 17 displayed high potency across various cancer cell lines with minimal effect on non-tumor cells. By examining the effect of these inhibitors on cell cycle distribution, compound 17 retained cells in the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Compounds 12 and 17 could also increase levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, while decreasing the expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. These findings support the further study and development of these compounds as novel anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (N.M.); (S.S.D.); (A.H.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Cairo 12256, Egypt
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan;
| | - Sarah S. Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (N.M.); (S.S.D.); (A.H.A.)
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11578, Egypt
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan;
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hua Shiao
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan;
| | - Gary A. Piazza
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36832, USA;
| | - Ashraf H. Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (N.M.); (S.S.D.); (A.H.A.)
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (N.M.); (S.S.D.); (A.H.A.)
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3
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Abd El-Rahman YA, Chen PJ, ElHady AK, Chen SH, Lin HC, El-Gamil DS, Aboushady Y, Abadi AH, Engel M, Abdel-Halim M. Development of 5-hydroxybenzothiophene derivatives as multi-kinase inhibitors with potential anti-cancer activity. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:1239-1254. [PMID: 38989990 PMCID: PMC11249150 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2342708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Chemoresistance in cancer challenges the classical therapeutic strategy of 'one molecule-one target'. To combat this, multi-target therapies that inhibit various cancer-relevant targets simultaneously are proposed. Methods & results: We introduce 5-hydroxybenzothiophene derivatives as effective multi-target kinase inhibitors, showing notable growth inhibitory activity across different cancer cell lines. Specifically, compound 16b, featuring a 5-hydroxybenzothiophene hydrazide scaffold, emerged as a potent inhibitor, displaying low IC50 values against key kinases and demonstrating significant anti-cancer effects, particularly against U87MG glioblastoma cells. It induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibited cell migration by modulating apoptotic markers. Conclusion: 16b represents a promising lead for developing new anti-cancer agents targeting multiple kinases with affinity to the hydroxybenzothiophene core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara A Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed K ElHady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 831301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Dalia S El-Gamil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, 12451, Egypt
| | - Youssef Aboushady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
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4
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Shawky MM, Abdallah M, Khalifa H, Aboushady Y, Abadi AH, Engel M, Abdel-Halim M. Synthesis and evaluation of novel N1-acylated 5-(4-pyridinyl)indazole derivatives as potent and selective haspin inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107235. [PMID: 38447464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Protein kinase dysregulation was strongly linked to cancer pathogenesis. Moreover, histone alterations were found to be among the most important post-translational modifications that could contribute to cancer growth and development. In this context, haspin, an atypical serine/threonine kinase, phosphorylates histone H3 at threonine-3 and is notably overexpressed in various common cancer types. Herein, we report novel 5-(4-pyridinyl)indazole derivatives as potent and selective haspin inhibitors. Amide coupling at N1 of the indazole ring with m-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid yielded compound 21 with an IC50 value of 78 nM against haspin. This compound showed a meaningful selectivity over 15 of the most common off-targets, including Clk 1-3 and Dyrk1A, 1B, and 2. The most potent haspin inhibitors 5 and 21 effectively inhibited the growth of the NCI-60 cancer cell lines, further emphasizing the success of our scaffold as a new selective lead for the development of anti-cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Shawky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hend Khalifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Youssef Aboushady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Abadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
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Naeimzadeh Y, Ilbeigi S, Dastsooz H, Rafiee Monjezi M, Mansoori Y, Tabei SMB. Protooncogenic Role of ARHGAP11A and ARHGAP11B in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: Two Promising Breast Cancer Biomarkers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8236853. [PMID: 38046902 PMCID: PMC10689071 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8236853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Invasive duct carcinoma (IDC) is one of the most common types of breast cancer (BC) in women worldwide, with a high risk of malignancy, metastasis, recurrence, and death. So far, molecular patterns among IDC cases have not been fully defined. However, extensive evidence has shown that dysregulated Rho family small GTPases (Rho GTPases) including Rho GTPase activating proteins (RhoGAPs) have important roles in the invasive features of IDCs. In the current study, we analyzed the expression levels of two RhoGAP genes, ARHGAP11A and ARHGAP11B, in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer (BRCA) and also our 51 IDC tumors compared to their matched normal tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Our TCGA data analysis revealed higher expression of ARHGAP11A and ARHGAP11B in various cancers comprising BCs. Also, we found correlations between these genes and other genes in TCGA-BRCA. Moreover, our methylation analysis showed that their promotor methylation had a negative correlation with their overexpression. QPCR revealed their significant upregulation in our tumor samples. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of ARHGAP11A was considerably lower in women who were breastfeeding. Moreover, it had overexpression in cases who had regular menstrual cycles and early age (younger than 14) at menarche. However, ARHGAP11B had a higher expression in HER2-positive tumors versus HER2-positive and ER-positive tumors. Our study found possible protooncogenic roles for these genes and their involvement in IDC pathogenesis and malignancy. Therefore, they can be considered novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Naeimzadeh
- School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. Ilbeigi
- Walther-Straub Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - H. Dastsooz
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo, C/o IRCCS, IIGM-Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer (IT), FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Turin, Italy
| | - M. Rafiee Monjezi
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Y. Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - S. M. B. Tabei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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6
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Tang Y, Dai G, Yang Y, Liu H. GSG2 facilitates the progression of human breast cancer through MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of E2F1. J Transl Med 2023; 21:523. [PMID: 37537694 PMCID: PMC10398932 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04358-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) has posed a great threat to world health as the leading cause of cancer death among women. Previous evidence demonstrated that germ cell-specific gene 2 (GSG2) was involved in the regulation of multiple cancers. Thus, the clinical value, biological function and underlying mechanism of GSG2 in BC were investigated in this study. METHODS The expression of GSG2 in BC was revealed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and western blotting. Secondly, the biological function of GSG2 in BC was evaluated by MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay and wound healing assay. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanism of GSG2 regulating the progression of BC by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and protein stability detection. RESULTS Our data indicated that GSG2 was frequently overexpressed in BC. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the GSG2 expression and the poor prognosis of BC patients. Functionally, GSG2 knockdown inhibited the malignant progression of BC characterized by reduced proliferation, enhanced apoptosis and attenuated tumor growth. Migration inhibition of GSG2 knockdown BC cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), such as downregulation of Vimentin and Snail. In addition, E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) was regarded as a target protein of GSG2. Downregulation of E2F1 attenuated the promoting role of GSG2 on BC cells. Mechanistically, knockdown of GSG2 accelerated the ubiquitination of E2F1 protein, which was mediated by E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2. CONCLUSIONS GSG2 facilitated the development and progression of BC through MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of E2F1, which may be a promising candidate target with potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Day Ward, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, No. 44 Xianheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, China
| | - Gaosai Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Jinan Zhangqiu District Hospital of TCM, Xiushui Street 1463, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Huantao Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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7
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Elaidy SM, Tawfik MM, Ameen AM, Hassan WA, El Sherif I, Amin MK, Elkholy SE. Metformin alleviates the dysregulated testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis induced by carbimazole in levothyroxine-primed rats. Life Sci 2022; 307:120904. [PMID: 36029850 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Most of the published experiments about carbimazole (CMZ)-induced testicular injury are constructed in normal healthy animals, which lakes the translational identification. Despite metformin (MET) having advantageous effects on injured testicles, its impact on thyroid function is arguable. In the current levothyroxine (LT4)/CMZ model, Wistar rats were primed by LT4 for sixty days. CMZ was then given individually or simultaneously with different doses of MET, 100, 200, and 400 mg, daily for thirty days. Serum was assessed for thyroid profile panel, sex hormones, and gonadotropin levels. Testicular tissues were examined for steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. Histopathology of thyroid and testes were examined, besides thyroidal nuclear factor (NF)-kB expression. MET in a dose-response manner improved the LT4/CMZ-induced testicular toxicity by increasing the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), and 17-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17βHSD) activities, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), sperm count and motility, sex hormones, and gonadotropin levels. MET-400 mg markedly decreased the elevated NF-kB expressions, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, caspase-3, and BAX, and increased BCL-2. LT4/CMZ could be used as translational animal modelling. MET displayed a dose-dependent ameliorative effect on the LT4/CMZ model without significant harmful effects on thyroid functions. MET-testicular protective roles in diabetics with thyroidal diseases should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Elaidy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Angie M Ameen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdou Hassan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Suliman Al Rajhi University, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman El Sherif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mona Karem Amin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shereen E Elkholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Portsaid University, Portsaid, Egypt
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8
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Geng C, Wang Q, Xing PF, Wang M, Tong SD, Zhou JY. Effects and mechanisms of GSG2 in esophageal cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04260-2. [PMID: 35939116 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer was recognized as one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Germ cell associated 2 (GSG2) has been reported to be of great significance in cell growth and tumor formation. This study aimed to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of GSG2 in esophageal cancer. METHODS First, relationship between GSG2 expression and tumor characteristics in esophageal cancer patients was analyzed through immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. MTT assay, flow cytometry, cloning formation assay, wound-healing assay and Transwell assay were used to determine proliferation, apoptosis and migration of esophageal cancer cell with GSG2 knockdown in vitro. Expression of apoptosis related proteins and downstream pathway proteins after GSG2 knockdown were detected through Human Apoptosis Antibody Array and western blot analysis. The GSG2 knockdown function in vivo was explored through a xenograft tumor model. RESULTS GSG2 was highly expressed in tumor tissues, which has clinical significance in predicting the malignant degree of patients with esophageal cancer. In addition, GSG2 knockdown significantly inhibited a variety of malignant biological behaviors of esophageal cancer cells, such as inhibiting proliferation, reducing colony formation, promoting apoptosis, hindering migration. The decrease of GSG2 expression in esophageal cancer cells can inhibit the xenograft tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, GSG2 was involved in esophageal cancer progression and development, which may provide an effective molecular target for the treatment of esophageal cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Geng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, No.188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221005, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221005, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xing
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221005, China
| | - Shao-Dong Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, 221005, China
| | - Ju-Ying Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, No.188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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9
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Nishida-Fukuda H, Tokuhiro K, Ando Y, Matsushita H, Wada M, Tanaka H. Evaluation of the antiproliferative effects of the HASPIN inhibitor CHR-6494 in breast cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249912. [PMID: 33852630 PMCID: PMC8046223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HASPIN is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates mitosis by phosphorylating histone H3 at threonine 3. The expression levels of HASPIN in various cancers are associated with tumor malignancy and poor survival, suggesting that HASPIN inhibition may suppress cancer growth. As HASPIN mRNA levels are elevated in human breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, we examined the growth-suppressive effects of CHR-6494, a potent HASPIN inhibitor, in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. We found that HASPIN was expressed in breast cancer cells of all molecular subtypes, as well as in immortalized mammary epithelial cells. HASPIN expression levels appeared to be correlated with the cell growth rate but not the molecular subtype of breast cancer. CHR-6494 exhibited potent antiproliferative effects against breast cancer cell lines and immortalized mammary epithelial cells in vitro, but failed to inhibit the growth of MDA-MB-231 xenografted tumors under conditions that have significant effects in a colorectal cancer model. These results imply that CHR-6494 does have antiproliferative effects in some situations, and further drug screening efforts are anticipated to identify more potent and selective HASPIN inhibition for use as an anticancer agent in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayo Nishida-Fukuda
- Department of Genome Editing, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (HT); (HNF)
| | - Keizo Tokuhiro
- Department of Genome Editing, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukio Ando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsushita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Morimasa Wada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail: (HT); (HNF)
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