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Wang Y, Cui X, Lin Q, Cai J, Tang L, Liang Y. Active Peptide KF-8 from Rice Bran Attenuates Oxidative Stress in a Mouse Model of Aging Induced by d-Galactose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:12271-12283. [PMID: 32942847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a physiologically active peptide derived from rice bran (KF-8) on oxidative stress in d-galactose (d-gal)-induced aging mice and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The aging model was developed by subcutaneously injecting Institute of Cancer Research mice with 250 mg/kg d-gal daily for 12 weeks and simultaneously treating them with 30 mg/kg KF-8. The relative expression levels of Nrf2 and NF-κB in the liver were determined by the western blot. The regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κBp65 by KF-8 was further validated in NIH/3T3 cells. Compared with the control mice, the aging mice had significantly decreased body weights as well as superoxide dismutase and GSH-Px levels (p < 0.05); however, they had increased serum reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels accompanied by aortic and brain injuries. They also had elevated RAGE, TLR4, IκB, Bax, and caspase-8 expressions and NF-κB/p65 phosphorylation but reduced BcL-2 expression in the liver. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the pretreatment of H2O2-treated NIH/3T3 cells with KF-8 significantly mitigated the NF-κB signaling and attenuated the Nrf2 nuclear transport (both p < 0.05). In conclusion, KF-8 treatment inhibited aging-induced oxidative stress-related organ injury in mice by attenuating NF-κB/p38 signaling and preserving Nrf2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Wang
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoji Cui
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Liuhuan Tang
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
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Li W, Wang JQ, Zhou YD, Hou JG, Liu Y, Wang YP, Gong XJ, Lin XH, Jiang S, Wang Z. Rare Ginsenoside 20(R)-Rg3 Inhibits D-Galactose-Induced Liver and Kidney Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1141-1157. [PMID: 32668974 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered as a major factor in aging and exacerbates aging process through a variety of molecular mechanisms. D-galactose, a normal reducing sugar with high dose can cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or stimulate free radical production indirectly by the formation of advanced glycation end products in tissues, finally resulting in oxidative stress. 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3), a major and representative component isolated from red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A Meyer), has been shown to observably have an anti-oxidative effect. We thereby investigated the beneficial effects of 20(R)-Rg3 on D-galactose-induced oxidative stress injury and its underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that continuous injection of D-galactose with 800[Formula: see text]mg/kg/day for 8 weeks increased the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). However, such increases were attenuated by the treatment of 20(R)-Rg3 for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, 20(R)-Rg3 markedly inhibited D-galactose-caused oxidative stress in liver and kidney. The anti-oxidants, including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were elevated in the mice from 20(R)-Rg3-treated group compared with that from D-galactose group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were observed in the 20(R)-Rg3-treated group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of AGEs. More importantly, 20(R)-Rg3 effectively attenuated D-galactose induced apoptosis in liver and kidney via restoring the upstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Taken together, our study suggests that 20(R)-Rg3 may be a novel and promising anti-oxidative therapeutic agent to prevent aging-related injuries in liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Qiang Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Gang Hou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jie Gong
- College of Medicine, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Hui Lin
- Liaoning Xifeng Pharmaceutical, Group Co., Ltd., Huanren 117200, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China.,National & Local Joint Engineering, Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Gui D, Xu Y. Advanced Glycation End Products in Chinese Medicine Mediated Aging Diseases: A Review. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019; 18:322-333. [PMID: 31060489 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190507112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging has become a worldwide problem. During this process, the incidence of related diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis increases dramatically. Studies within the most recent two decades suggest a pivotal role of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in the aging process. This review aims to systemically summarize the effects and potential mechanism of Chinese Medicines on inhibiting AGEs-related aging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China.,Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Dingkun Gui
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
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Pini A, Shemesh R, Samuel CS, Bathgate RAD, Zauberman A, Hermesh C, Wool A, Bani D, Rotman G. Prevention of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by a novel antifibrotic peptide with relaxin-like activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 335:589-99. [PMID: 20826567 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.170977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and lethal lung disease characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix and loss of pulmonary function. No cure exists for this pathologic condition, and current treatments often fail to slow its progression or relieve its symptoms. Relaxin was previously shown to induce a matrix-degrading phenotype in human lung fibroblasts in vitro and to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. A novel peptide that targets the relaxin RXFP1/LGR7 receptor was recently identified using our computational platform designed to predict novel G protein-coupled receptor peptide agonists. In this study, we examined the antifibrotic properties of this novel peptide, designated CGEN25009, in human cell-based assays and in a murine model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Similar to relaxin, CGEN25009 was found to have an inhibitory effect on transforming growth factor-β1-induced collagen deposition in human dermal fibroblasts and to enhance MMP-2 expression. The peptide's biological activity was also similar to relaxin in generating cellular stimulation of cAMP, cGMP, and NO in the THP-1 human cell line. In vivo, 2-week administration of CGEN25009 in a preventive or therapeutic mode (i.e., concurrently with or 7 days after bleomycin treatment, respectively) caused a significant reduction in lung inflammation and injury and ameliorated adverse airway remodeling and peribronchial fibrosis. The results of this study indicate that CGEN25009 displays antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties and may offer a new therapeutic option for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Behrends M, Martinez-Palli G, Niemann CU, Cohen S, Ramachandran R, Hirose R. Acute hyperglycemia worsens hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14:528-35. [PMID: 19997981 PMCID: PMC2820661 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-009-1112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Acute hyperglycemia is known to worsen ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury following myocardial infarction and stroke. We investigated whether acute hyperglycemia worsens injury and amplifies the inflammatory response evoked by hepatic I/R. METHODS Rats were pretreated with an intraperitoneal injection of 25% glucose or 0.9% sodium chloride (10 ml/kg BW). Subsequently, rats underwent partial (70%) hepatic ischemia for 45 min. After 4 h of reperfusion, hepatic injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and heat shock protein expression were assessed. RESULTS Liver injury was increased in the hyperglycemic group with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferease (AST) serum concentrations of 7,832 +/- 3,374 and 10,677 +/- 4,110 U/L compared to 3,245 +/- 2,009 and 5,386 +/- 3,393 U/L (p < 0.05 vs. control). Hyperglycemic I/R was associated with increased liver nitrotyrosine concentrations and increased neutrophil infiltration. I/R upregulated the protective heat shock proteins HSP32 and HSP70 in control animals, but this protective mechanism was inhibited by hyperglycemia: HSP32 expression decreased from 1.97 +/- 0.89 (control) to 0.46 +/- 0.13 (hyperglycemia), HSP70 expression decreased from 18.99 +/- 11.55 (control) to 3.22 +/- 0.56 (hyperglycemia), (expression normalized to sham, both p < 0.05 vs. control I/R). CONCLUSIONS Acute hyperglycemia worsens hepatic I/R injury by amplifying oxidative stress and the inflammatory response to I/R. The increase in injury is associated with a downregulation of the protective heat shock proteins HSP32 and HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Behrends
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Avenue, U 368n, San Francisco, CA 94143-0648 USA
| | - Graciela Martinez-Palli
- Servicio de Anestesiologia, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claus U. Niemann
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Avenue, U 368n, San Francisco, CA 94143-0648 USA ,Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Sara Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | | | - Ryutaro Hirose
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
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Schneider LA, Bloch W, Kopp K, Hainzl A, Rettberg P, Wlaschek M, Horneck G, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. 8-Isoprostane is a dose-related biomarker for photo-oxidative ultraviolet (UV) B damage in vivo
: a pilot study with personal UV dosimetry. Br J Dermatol 2006; 154:1147-54. [PMID: 16704647 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation causes visible erythema, which has been linked with DNA damage. However, besides such direct photochemical conformation changes, UVB also induces many indirect photochemical effects in the skin. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is in this context one of the major pathways by which photo-oxidative stress disturbs cell signalling and promotes photocarcinogenesis and photoageing. So far we lack techniques for visualizing photo-oxidative stress in the skin. Furthermore, LPO has never been linked with individually acquired UVB doses measured by personal dosimetry. OBJECTIVES Measuring the skin reaction and photo-oxidative damage by LPO in vivo after UVB exposure in a pilot study surveyed by personal dosimetry in order to allow for a correlation analysis of acquired dose, skin reaction and amount of LPO. METHODS UVB exposure was measured with the opto-electronic X2000-1 (Gigahertz Optik, Puchheim, Germany) and the biological DLR Biofilm (German Aerospace Center DLR, Cologne, Germany) portable dosimeter. The skin reaction following UVB exposure was quantified with a Minolta chromameter (Minolta, Tokyo, Japan) and LPO in vivo was measured by 8-isoprostane generation by means of densitometric analysis of immunohistochemical samples obtained 30 min post-UVB irradiation. RESULTS Regression analysis revealed significant linear relations between UVB exposures recorded by the dosimeters and colorimetry parameters of the skin reaction. Furthermore, an even better linear relation with higher significance was found between the generation of 8-isoprostane in the skin and the dosimeter readouts. CONCLUSIONS LPO measured by the generation of 8-isoprostane provides a suitable intrinsic biomarker for photo-oxidative UVB damage in vivo. This study provides a new approach to visualizing photo-oxidative stress in the skin in vivo. Furthermore, future dosimeter readouts can now be set into relation to the expected increase of LPO that can be calculated within the limits of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Ulm, Maienweg 12, D-09081 Ulm, Germany
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Gilmore WJ, Kirby GM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress due to altered cellular redox status positively regulates murine hepatic CYP2A5 expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 308:600-8. [PMID: 14610226 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.103.060111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Murine hepatic cytochrome P450 2A5 (CYP2A5) is uniquely induced by a variety of agents that cause liver injury and inflammation, conditions that are typically associated with downregulation of P450s. We hypothesized that induction of CYP2A5 occurs in response to hepatocellular damage resulting in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Treatment of mice in vivo and mouse hepatocytes in primary culture with the CYP2A5 inducer pyrazole resulted in overexpression of the ER stress biomarker glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78. Treatment of primary hepatocytes with ER stress activators thapsigargin, tunicamycin, and trans-4,5-dihydroxy-1,2-dithiane (DTT(ox)) and the calcium ionophore A23187 (calcimycin) resulted in elevated GRP78 mRNA levels; however, only the reducing agent DTT(ox) induced levels of CYP2A5 mRNA, protein, and coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. To test the hypothesis that CYP2A5 induction is due to liver injury resulting from altered cellular redox status, we demonstrated that CYP2A5 induction, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, and oxidative protein damage occur concurrently in pyrazole-treated mice. Pyrazole also induced the expression of cytosolic alpha and mu class glutathione S-transferase expression both in vivo and in primary mouse hepatocytes. Moreover, treatment of hepatocytes with the redox cycling quinone menadione resulted in overexpression of CYP2A5 and GSTM1 mRNA. Finally, pretreatment of hepatocytes with the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E attenuated pyrazole-mediated increases in CYP2A5 mRNA levels. These findings clearly indicate that induction of mouse hepatic CYP2A5 during liver injury occurs via a novel mechanism involving ER stress due to altered cellular redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- W James Gilmore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
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Kohen R, Nyska A. Oxidation of biological systems: oxidative stress phenomena, antioxidants, redox reactions, and methods for their quantification. Toxicol Pathol 2002; 30:620-50. [PMID: 12512863 DOI: 10.1080/01926230290166724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1267] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other radicals are involved in a variety of biological phenomena, such as mutation, carcinogenesis, degenerative and other diseases, inflammation, aging, and development. ROS are well recognized for playing a dual role as deleterious and beneficial species. The objectives of this review are to describe oxidative stress phenomena, terminology, definitions, and basic chemical characteristics of the species involved; examine the biological targets susceptible to oxidation and the defense mechanisms of the organism against these reactive metabolites; and analyze methodologies, including immunohistochemical markers, used in toxicological pathology in the visualization of oxidative stress phenomena. Direct detection of ROS and other free radicals is difficult, because these molecules are short-lived and highly reactive in a nonspecific manner. Ongoing oxidative damage is, thus, generally analyzed by measurement of secondary products including derivatives of amino acids, nuclei acids, and lipid peroxidation. Attention has been focused on electrochemical methods based on voltammetry measurements for evaluating the total reducing power of biological fluids and tissues. This approach can function as a tool to assess the antioxidant-reducing profile of a biological site and follow changes in pathological situations. This review thus includes different topics essential for understanding oxidative stress phenomena and provides tools for those intending to conduct study and research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Kohen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Shamovsky IL, Riopelle RJ, Ross GM. Ab Initio Studies on the Mechanism of Tyrosine Coupling. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003693e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor L. Shamovsky
- Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 2V7
| | - Richard J. Riopelle
- Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 2V7
| | - Gregory M. Ross
- Department of Medicine, and Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 2V7
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