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Paudel S, Jo H, Lee T, Lee S. Selective inhibitory effects of suberosin on CYP1A2 in human liver microsomes. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2023; 44:365-371. [PMID: 37448189 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Suberosin is a natural phytoconstituent isolated from Citropsis articulata, especially employed for its anticoagulant properties. Although metabolic studies assessing suberosin have been conducted, it is possible interactions with drugs and food have not yet been investigated. In the present study, we analyzed the selective inhibitory effects of suberosin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes using a cocktail probe assay. Various concentrations of suberosin (0-50 μM) were incubated with isoform-specific CYP probes in human liver microsomes (HLMs). We found that suberosin significantly inhibited CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation, exhibiting IC50 values of 9.39 ± 2.05 and 3.07 ± 0.45 μM with and without preincubation in the presence of β-NADPH, respectively. Moreover, suberosin showed concentration-dependent, but not time-dependent, CYP1A2 inhibition in HLMs, indicating that suberosin acts as a substrate and reversible CYP1A2 inhibitor. Using a Lineweaver-Burk plot, we found that suberosin competitively inhibited CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylation. Furthermore, suberosin showed similar inhibitory effects on recombinant human CYP1A1 and 1A2. In conclusion, suberosin may elicit herb-drug interactions by selectively inhibiting CYP1A2 during the concurrent administration of drugs that act as CYP1A2 substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjita Paudel
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoje Jo
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Wang HJ, Chen AC, Chen HY, Cheng HC, Kao LT, Lu CK, Tsai KC, Lee IJ, Ueng YF. Identification of the perpetrator imperatorin in Xin-yi-san-theophylline interaction: observed and predicted herb-drug interaction in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:1225-1236. [PMID: 37364866 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Theophylline is a bronchodilator with a narrow therapeutic index and primarily metabolised by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. Xin-yi-san (XYS) is a herbal formula frequently used to ameliorate nasal inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of XYS and its ingredient, imperatorin, on theophylline pharmacokinetics in rats. METHODS The kinetics of XYS- and imperatorin-mediated inhibition of theophylline oxidation were determined. Pharmacokinetics of theophylline were analysed. Comparisons were made with the CYP1A2 inhibitor, fluvoxamine. KEY FINDINGS XYS extract and its ingredient, imperatorin, non-competitively inhibited theophylline oxidation. Fluvoxamine (50 and 100 mg/kg) and XYS (0.5 and 0.9 g/kg) significantly prolonged the time to reach the maximum plasma concentration (tmax) of theophylline by 3-10 fold. In a dose-dependent manner, XYS and imperatorin (0.1-10 mg/kg) treatments significantly decreased theophylline clearance by 27-33% and 19-56%, respectively. XYS (0.9 g/kg) and imperatorin (10 mg/kg) significantly prolonged theophylline elimination half-life by 29% and 142%, respectively. Compared with the increase (51-112%) in the area under curve (AUC) of theophylline by fluvoxamine, the increase (27-57%) by XYS was moderate. CONCLUSIONS XYS decreased theophylline clearance primarily through imperatorin-suppressed theophylline oxidation. Further human studies are essential for the dose adjustment in the co-medication regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jaan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Chi Chen
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Kao
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- Division of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, School of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- Division of Chinese Medicinal Chemistry, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Jung Lee
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yune-Fang Ueng
- Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Youn SH, Han CK, Suh JH, Hyun SH, Kyung JS, So SH, Kim JH, Seo HW. Subacute oral toxicity and bacterial mutagenicity of a mixture of Puerariae radix and Hizikia fusiforme extracts. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2193-2201. [PMID: 34219570 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1916176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to identify the safety profile of a mixed extract (KGC-02-PS) from two traditional medicinal herbs, Puerariae radix and Hizikia fusiforme. In a subacute oral toxicity study, KGC-02-PS was administered orally for 28 days by gavage to Sprague Dawley rats (both sexes) at a daily dose of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight. Bodyweight, food consumption, and clinical signs were monitored during the experimental period. After administering the final dose, this study conducted hematology, serum biochemistry, and pathological evaluations. In addition, the study performed a bacterial reverse mutation test with varying concentrations of KGC-02-PS (312.5 μg - 5,000 μg/plate) following OECD guideline No. 471, before testing five bacterial strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2) in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. The preclinical evaluation of KGC-02-PS's subacute oral toxicity yielded no associated toxicological effects or any changes in clinical signs, body weight, and food consumption. Moreover, examining KGC-02-PS's hematological and serum biochemical characteristics and pathology yielded no toxicological changes in terms of organ weight measurements and gross or histopathological findings. KGC-02-PS neither increased the number of revertant colonies in all bacterial strains used in the bacterial reverse mutation test, nor did it induce genotoxicity related to bacterial reverse mutations under the study's conditions. Also, KGC-02-PS's no-observed-adverse-effect level was greater than 2000 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Youn
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Suh
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Hyun
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kyung
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho So
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Han Kim
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi Won Seo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Cox EJ, Tian DD, Clarke JD, Rettie AE, Unadkat JD, Thummel KE, McCune JS, Paine MF. Modeling Pharmacokinetic Natural Product-Drug Interactions for Decision-Making: A NaPDI Center Recommended Approach. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:847-859. [PMID: 33712517 PMCID: PMC7956993 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The popularity of botanical and other purported medicinal natural products (NPs) continues to grow, especially among patients with chronic illnesses and patients managed on complex prescription drug regimens. With few exceptions, the risk of a given NP to precipitate a clinically significant pharmacokinetic NP-drug interaction (NPDI) remains understudied or unknown. Application of static or dynamic mathematical models to predict and/or simulate NPDIs can provide critical information about the potential clinical significance of these complex interactions. However, methods used to conduct such predictions or simulations are highly variable. Additionally, published reports using mathematical models to interrogate NPDIs are not always sufficiently detailed to ensure reproducibility. Consequently, guidelines are needed to inform the conduct and reporting of these modeling efforts. This recommended approach from the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research describes a systematic method for using mathematical models to interpret the interaction risk of NPs as precipitants of potential clinically significant pharmacokinetic NPDIs. A framework for developing and applying pharmacokinetic NPDI models is presented with the aim of promoting accuracy, reproducibility, and generalizability in the literature. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Many natural products (NPs) contain phytoconstituents that can increase or decrease systemic or tissue exposure to, and potentially the efficacy of, a pharmaceutical drug; however, no regulatory agency guidelines exist to assist in predicting the risk of these complex interactions. This recommended approach from a multi-institutional consortium designated by National Institutes of Health as the Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research provides a framework for modeling pharmacokinetic NP-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Cox
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - John D Clarke
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Allan E Rettie
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jashvant D Unadkat
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Kenneth E Thummel
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Jeannine S McCune
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Center of Excellence for Natural Product Drug Interaction Research, Spokane, Washington (J.D.C., A.E.R., J.D.U., K.E.T., J.S.M., M.F.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (E.J.C., D.-D.T., J.D.C., M.F.P.); Departments of Medicinal Chemistry (A.E.R.) and Pharmaceutics (J.D.U., K.E.T.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California (J.S.M.)
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Chavan R, Zope V, Chavan N, Shaikh J, Patil K, Yeole R, Bhagwat S, Patel M. Assessment of in vitro inhibitory effects of novel anti MRSA benzoquinolizine fluoroquinolone WCK 771 (levonadifloxacin) and its metabolite on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1149-1157. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1756007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vineet Zope
- Wockhardt Research Centre, Aurangabad, India
| | | | | | - Kiran Patil
- Wockhardt Research Centre, Aurangabad, India
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Zhang N, Liu J, Chen Z, Dou W. In vitro inhibitory effects of kaempferitrin on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:571-576. [PMID: 31456483 PMCID: PMC6720019 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1656257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Context: Kaempferitrinis (KF) is a bioactive flavonoid and possesses numerous pharmacological activities. However, whether KF affects the activity of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains unclear. Objective: This study investigates the effects of KF on eight major CYP isoforms in human liver microsomes (HLMs). Materials and methods: In vitro, HLMs were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of KF (100 μM) on the eight human liver CYP isoforms (i.e., 1A2, 3A4, 2A6, 2E1, 2D6, 2C9, 2C19, and 2C8), and corresponding probe substrates were used. Enzyme kinetic studies (0-50 μM of KF) were conducted to determine the inhibition mode of KF on CYP enzymes. Results: The results showed that KF inhibited the activity of CYP1A2, 3A4, and 2C9, with IC50 values of 20.56, 13.87, and 14.62 μM, respectively, but that other CYP isoforms were not affected. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that KF was not only a noncompetitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, but also a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A2 and 2C9, with Ki values of 7.11, 10.24, and 7.58 μM, respectively. In addition, KF is a time-dependent inhibitor for CYP3A4 with KI/Kinact value of 10.85/0.036 min/μM. Discussion: The in vitro studies of KF with CYP isoforms indicate that KF has the potential to cause pharmacokinetic drug interactions with other co-administered drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, 3A4, and 2C9. Conclusion: It is recommended that KF should not be used with other drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, 3A4, and 2C9. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the significance of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
- CONTACT Ning Zhang Department of Neonatology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No.4138, South Linglongshan Road, Shandong 262500, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhixia Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wenwen Dou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- Wenwen Dou Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, No. 2428, Yuhe Road, Kuiwen District, Weifang 261031, Shandong Province, China
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7
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Seo HW, Suh JH, Kyung JS, Jang KH, So SH. Subacute Oral Toxicity and Bacterial Mutagenicity Study of a Mixture of Korean Red Ginseng ( Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) and Salvia plebeia R. Br. Extracts. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:215-224. [PMID: 31341550 PMCID: PMC6629443 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As various populations are rapidly becoming an aging society worldwide and interest in health issues has increased, demand for functional foods including herbal products has increased markedly to maintain a healthy state which has led to safety issues about their intake as an inevitable result. The objective of this study was to identify the safety profile of a Korean red ginseng and Salvia plebeia R. Br. extract mixture (KGC-03-PS) which is a valuable ingredient that can be used as a functional food. In the present study, the subacute oral toxicity and bacterial reverse mutagenicity of KGC-03-PS were evaluated. Sprague Dawley rats were administered KGC-03-PS orally for 28 days by gavage. Daily KGC-03-PS dose concentrations were 0, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day. Bacterial reverse mutation test with KGC-03-PS dose levels ranging from 312.5 to 5,000 μg/plate was carried out by OECD test guideline No. 471. Five bacterial strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2) were tested in the presence or absence of metabolic activation by plate incorporation method. There were no toxicological effects related with test substance in the clinical evaluation of subacute oral toxicity test including clinical signs, body weight, and food consumption. Moreover, no toxicological changes related to KGC-03-PS were observed in the hematological and serum biochemical characteristics as well as in the pathological examinations, which included organ weight measurements and in the gross- or histopathological findings. KGC-03-PS did not induce an increase in the number of revertant colonies in all bacterial strains of the bacterial reverse mutation test. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of KGC-03-PS is greater than 2,000 mg/kg bw/day, and KGC-03-PS did not induce genotoxicity related to bacterial reverse mutations under the conditions used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi Won Seo
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Suh
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kyung
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Jang
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho So
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
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8
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Li J, Wen H, Gao Z. In vitro inhibitory effects of phellodendrine on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:231-236. [PMID: 31020909 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1610584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haibin Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zouping Traditional Chinese Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Weifang No. 2 People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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Borse SP, Singh DP, Nivsarkar M. Understanding the relevance of herb-drug interaction studies with special focus on interplays: a prerequisite for integrative medicine. Porto Biomed J 2019; 4:e15. [PMID: 31595257 PMCID: PMC6726296 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.0000000000000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrative medicine refers to the blending of conventional and evidence-based complementary medicines and therapies with the aim of using the most appropriate of either or both modalities for ultimate patient benefits. One of the major hurdles for the same is the chances of potential herb–drug interactions (HDIs). These HDIs could be beneficial or harmful, or even fatal; therefore, a thorough understanding of the eventualities of HDIs is essential so that a successful integration of the modern and complementary alternative systems of medicine could be achieved. Here, we summarize all the important points related to HDIs, including types, tools/methods for study, and prediction of the HDIs, along with a special focus on interplays between drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. In addition, this article covers future perspective, with a focus on background endogenous players of interplays and approaches to predict the drug–disease–herb interactions so as to fetch the desired effects of these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil P Borse
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej.,NIRMA University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Devendra P Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej.,NIRMA University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Manish Nivsarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, B.V. Patel Pharmaceutical Education and Research Development (PERD) Centre, Thaltej
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10
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Dong G, Zhou Y, Song X. In vitro inhibitory effects of bergenin on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:620-625. [PMID: 31070542 PMCID: PMC6282425 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1525413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bergenin, isolated from the herb of Bergenia purpurascens (Hook. f. et Thoms.) Engl., has anti-inflammatory, antitussive, and wound healing activities. However, whether bergenin affects the activity of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the inhibitory effects of bergenin (100 μM) on the eight human liver CYP isoforms (i.e., 1A2, 3A4, 2A6, 2E1, 2D6, 2C9, 2C19 and 2C8) were investigated, enzyme kinetics and time-dependent inhibition studies were also performed in vitro using human liver microsomes (HLMs). RESULTS The results showed that bergenin inhibited the activity of CYP3A4, 2E1 and 2C9, with IC50 values of 14.39, 22.83 and 15.11 μM, respectively, but other CYP isoforms were not affected. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that bergenin was not only a non-competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, but also a competitive inhibitor of CYP2E1 and 2C9, with Ki values of 7.71, 11.39 and 8.89 μM, respectively. In addition, bergenin is a time-dependent inhibitor for CYP3A4 with Kinact/KI value of 0.025/3.50 μM-1 min-1. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The in vitro studies of bergenin with CYP isoforms indicate that bergenin has the potential to cause pharmacokinetic drug interactions with other co-administered drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, 2E1 and 2C9. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the significance of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
- CONTACT Xiaoli Song Department of Pharmacy, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No. 4138, South Linglongshan Road, Weifang262500, Shandong, China
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11
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Hao X, Yuan J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Hou J, Hu T. In vitro inhibitory effects of pristimerin on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. Xenobiotica 2018; 48:1185-1191. [PMID: 28385095 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1316886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
1.Pristimerin (PTM) is a biological component isolated from Chinese herbal plant Celastrus and Maytenus spp. and it possesses numerous pharmacological activities. However, whether PTM affects the activity of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains unclear. 2.In this study, the inhibitory effects of PTM on the eight human liver CYP isoforms (i.e. 1A2, 3A4, 2A6, 2E1, 2D6, 2C9, 2C19 and 2C8) were investigated in vitro using human liver microsomes (HLMs). 3.The results showed that PTM inhibited the activity of CYP1A2, 3A4 and 2C9, with IC 50 values of 21.74, 15.88 and 16.58 μM, respectively, but that other CYP isoforms were not affected. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that PTM was not only a non-competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4, but also a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A2 and 2C9, with Ki values of 7.33, 11.60 and 8.09 μM, respectively. In addition, PTM is a time-dependent inhibitor for CYP3A4 with Kinact /KI value of 0.049/11.62 μM-1 min-1. 4.The in vitro studies of PTM with CYP isoforms indicate that PTM has the potential to cause pharmacokinetic drug interactions with other co-administered drugs metabolized by CYP1A2, 3A4 and 2C9. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the significance of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Hao
- a Cangzhou People's Hospital , Cangzhou , China
| | | | - Yansen Xu
- a Cangzhou People's Hospital , Cangzhou , China
| | - Zhao Wang
- a Cangzhou People's Hospital , Cangzhou , China
| | | | - Tao Hu
- a Cangzhou People's Hospital , Cangzhou , China
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Wang R, Zhang H, Sun S, Wang Y, Chai Y, Yuan Y. Effect of Ginkgo Leaf Tablets on the Pharmacokinetics of Amlodipine in Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 41:825-833. [PMID: 26650374 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-015-0312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Ginkgo leaf tablet (GLT) is an effective traditional Chinese multi-herbal formula, which is often combined with amlodipine for treating senile hypertension in clinic. The aim of this study was to study the pharmacokinetics of amlodipine after oral administration of amlodipine and GLT and to investigate the potential for pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions between GLT and amlodipine in rats. METHODS A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analytical method was developed for quantification of amlodipine in rat plasma. The accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity and recovery were all within an acceptable range. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups: amlodipine group and amlodipine + GLT group. Plasma concentrations of amlodipine were determined at the designated time points after oral administration by using the developed LC-MS/MS method, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared. As ginkgolides A, ginkgolides B, bilobalide, quercetin and kaempferol were the main components of GLT, the effects of these ingredients in GLT on metabolism of amlodipine were further investigated in rat liver microsomes. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic parameters, maximum plasma concentration (C max), time to reach C max (T max), area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), area under the first moment plasma concentration-time curve (AUMC) and elimination half-life (t 1/2), of amlodipine were significantly increased in amlodipine + GLT group, which suggested that GLT may influence the pharmacokinetic behavior after oral co-administration with amlodipine. Amlodipine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, so it was speculated that GLT may change the pharmacokinetic parameters of amlodipine through modulating the metabolism of CYP3A4 enzymes. When ginkgolides B, bilobalide, or quercetin and amlodipine were co-incubated in the rat liver microsomes, the metabolic rate of amlodipine was prolonged to 533.1, 216.1 and 407.6 min, respectively, from 73.7 min. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that these components in GLT inhibit the metabolism of amlodipine. So it can be speculated that the herb-drug interactions between GLT and amlodipine resulted from inhibiting the metabolism of amlodipine by GLT when they were co-administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongfang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Liu L, Sun S, Rui H, Li X. In vitro inhibitory effects of dihydromyricetin on human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1868-1874. [PMID: 28614988 PMCID: PMC7012011 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1339284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is the most abundant and active flavonoid component isolated from Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand-Mazz) W.T. Wang (Vitaceae) and it possesses numerous pharmacological activities. However, whether DHM affects the activity of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The inhibitory effects of DHM on eight human liver CYP isoforms (i.e., 1A2, 3A4, 2A6, 2E1, 2D6, 2C9, 2C19 and 2C8) were investigated in vitro using human liver microsomes (HLMs). RESULTS The results showed that DHM could inhibit the activity of CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2D6, with IC50 values of 14.75, 25.74 and 22.69 μM, respectively, but that other CYP isoforms were not affected. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that DHM was not only a non-competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4 but also a competitive inhibitor of CYP2E1 and CYP2D6, with Ki values of 6.06, 9.24 and 10.52 μM, respectively. In addition, DHM is a time-dependent inhibitor for CYP3A4 with KI/Kinact value of 12.17/0.057 min-1 μM-1. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The in vitro studies of DHM with CYP isoforms indicate that DHM has the potential to cause pharmacokinetic drug interactions with other co-administered drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2D6. Further clinical studies are needed to evaluate the significance of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbing Rui
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
- CONTACT Xiaohua LiDepartment of Endocrinology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, No. 358, Datong Road, Shanghai 200137, China
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Seo HW, Suh JH, So SH, Kyung JS, Kim YS, Han CK. Subacute oral toxicity and bacterial mutagenicity study of Korean Red Ginseng oil. J Ginseng Res 2017; 41:595-601. [PMID: 29021709 PMCID: PMC5628349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Red ginseng oil (RGO) is produced by supercritical CO2 extraction of secondary products derived from Korean Red Ginseng extract. As the use of RGO has increased, product safety concerns have become more important. Methods In the present study, the subacute oral toxicity and bacterial reverse mutagenicity of RGO were evaluated. Sprague–Dawley rats were orally administered with RGO for 28 d by gavage. Daily RGO dose concentrations were 0 mg/kg body weight (bw), 500 mg/kg bw, 1,000 mg/kg bw, or 2,000 mg/kg bw per day. Bacterial reverse mutation tests included five bacterial strains (Escherichia coli WP2 and Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537), which were used in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. The plated incorporation method for mutation test was used with RGO concentrations ranging from 312.5 μg to 5,000 μg per plate. Results The subacute oral toxicity test results did not reveal any marked changes in clinical characteristics. There were no toxicological changes related to RGO administration in hematological and serum biochemical characteristics in either control or treatment animals. Furthermore, no gross or histopathological changes related to RGO treatment were observed. The bacterial reverse mutation test results did not reveal, at any RGO concentration level and in all bacterial strains, any increase in the number of revertant colonies in the RGO treatment group compared to that in the negative control group. Conclusion The no-observed-adverse-effect level of RGO is greater than 2,000 mg/kg bw and RGO did not induce genotoxicity related to bacterial reverse mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwi Won Seo
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Suh
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho So
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kyung
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soon Kim
- Korea Occupational Safety Health Research Institute, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- Laboratory of Fundamental Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Inhibitory Effects of Triptolide on Human Liver Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and P-Glycoprotein. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 42:89-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0323-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Gao X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Gao X. Influence of verapamil on pharmacokinetics of pristimerin in rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:802-9. [PMID: 26347996 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Gao
- Department of General Surgery; Pizhou City People's Hospital; Pizhou City 221300 Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Emergency Surgery; Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital; Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Biliary Tract Surgery Department 2, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200430 China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- Department of orthopedics; Pizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital; Pizhou City 221300 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery; Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery; Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital; Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuya Liu
- Department of General Surgery; Pizhou City People's Hospital; Pizhou City 221300 Jiangsu Province China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology; Pizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital; Pizhou City 221300 Jiangsu Province China
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Barr JT, Jones JP, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. Inhibition of human aldehyde oxidase activity by diet-derived constituents: structural influence, enzyme-ligand interactions, and clinical relevance. Drug Metab Dispos 2014; 43:34-41. [PMID: 25326286 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.114.061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic understanding of interactions between diet-derived substances and conventional medications in humans is nascent. Most investigations have examined cytochrome P450-mediated interactions. Interactions mediated by other phase I enzymes are understudied. Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a phase I hydroxylase that is gaining recognition in drug design and development programs. Taken together, a panel of structurally diverse phytoconstituents (n = 24) was screened for inhibitors of the AO-mediated oxidation of the probe substrate O(6)-benzylguanine. Based on the estimated IC50 (<100 μM), 17 constituents were advanced for Ki determination. Three constituents were described best by a competitive inhibition model, whereas 14 constituents were described best by a mixed-mode model. The latter model consists of two Ki terms, Kis and Kii, which ranged from 0.26-73 and 0.80-120 μM, respectively. Molecular modeling was used to glean mechanistic insight into AO inhibition. Docking studies indicated that the tested constituents bound within the AO active site and elucidated key enzyme-inhibitor interactions. Quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling identified three structural descriptors that correlated with inhibition potency (r(2) = 0.85), providing a framework for developing in silico models to predict the AO inhibitory activity of a xenobiotic based solely on chemical structure. Finally, a simple static model was used to assess potential clinically relevant AO-mediated dietary substance-drug interactions. Epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate, prominent constituents in green tea, were predicted to have moderate to high risk. Further characterization of this uncharted type of interaction is warranted, including dynamic modeling and, potentially, clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Barr
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.T.B., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (J.P.J.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.H.O.)
| | - Jeffrey P Jones
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.T.B., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (J.P.J.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.H.O.)
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.T.B., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (J.P.J.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.H.O.)
| | - Mary F Paine
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (J.T.B., M.F.P.); Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (J.P.J.); and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (N.H.O.)
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Sun M, Tang Y, Ding T, Liu M, Wang X. Inhibitory effects of celastrol on rat liver cytochrome P450 1A2, 2C11, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A2 activity. Fitoterapia 2014; 92:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Wang X, Yeung JH. Inhibitory effect of tanshinones on rat CYP3A2 and CYP2C11 activity and its structure-activity relationship. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:539-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Wang X, Yeung JHK. Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza
Extract on the Liver CYP3A Activity in Humans and Rats. Phytother Res 2011; 25:1653-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR China
| | - John H. K. Yeung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong SAR China
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Wang X, Lee WYW, Zhou X, Or PMY, Yeung JHK. A pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic (PD-PK) study on the effects of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on midazolam, a model CYP3A probe substrate, in the rat. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:876-883. [PMID: 20637580 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Danshen on the pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic (PD-PK) effects of midazolam, a model CYP3A probe substrate. The effects of acute and 3-day Danshen treatment on the pharmacokinetics of a low dose midazolam (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were determined in vivo in the rat. Danshen (200 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment decreased midazolam clearance by 16%, with increases in the AUC by 22% and the half-life by 14%. 3-Day Danshen treatment (200 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 3 days decreased the clearance, with increases in the T(1/2) and AUC. The effects of acute and 3-day Danshen on midazolam-induced hypnosis, serum 1'-hydroxy-midazolam to midazolam ratio and hepatic CYP3A protein expression were determined in the rat. Danshen treatments (100-200 mg/kg, i.p. and 200-500 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the sleeping time (p<0.001) produced by a hypnotic dose of midazolam (50 mg/kg, i.p.) without affecting the sleep latency. Serum 1'-hydroxy-midazolam to midazolam ratio after the hypnotic dose of midazolam was decreased after intraperitoneal Danshen treatment (200 mg/kg) but not after oral treatment at up to 500 mg/kg. All the treatment groups with Danshen, after intraperitoneal and oral administration, decreased hepatic CYP3A protein expression (p<0.05) by about 25%. The results confirmed that Danshen had no enzyme inducing effects on rat CYP3A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Wang XD, Deng XY, Chen J, Li JL, Chen X, Zhao LZ, Lu Y, Chowbay B, Su QB, Huang M, Zhou SF. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the pregnane x receptor gene in Han Chinese and a comparison with other ethnic populations. Pharmacology 2008; 81:350-4. [PMID: 18391510 DOI: 10.1159/000123687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The pregnane X receptor (PXR/NR1I2) gene is a master regulator for a number of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and drug transporters. This study aimed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PXR gene in Han Chinese (n = 186) and to compare the frequencies of polymorphisms of the PXR gene with those in Caucasian and African Americans reported in the literature. The SNPs of the PXR gene were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing analysis. The mutant frequencies of A11156C and T11193C in Han Chinese were 55% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.61) and 59% (95% CI: 0.52-0.64), respectively, higher than those of Caucasian Americans (16 and 16%, respectively) and African Americans (33 and 30%, respectively). However, the reported SNPs in exons 2 and 4 (PXR*2,*3,*4,*6,*9,*10,and *11) were not detected in Han Chinese. These results indicate that there are marked differences in the mutant frequencies of A11156C and T11193C of PXR between Han Chinese and other ethnic groups. The mutant frequency in the coding region (exons 2 and 4) of PXR was very low in Han Chinese. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of common SNPs of PXR in Han Chinese and other ethnic populations on the phenotypic activity of cytochrome P450s and drug transporters transactivated by PXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ding Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Trubetskoy OV, Finel M, Kurkela M, Fitzgerald M, Peters NR, Hoffman FM, Trubetskoy VS. High Throughput Screening Assay for UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Glucuronidation Profiling. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2007; 5:343-54. [PMID: 17638534 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2006.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of high throughput screening (HTS) assays for evaluation of a compound's toxicity and potential for drug-drug interactions is a critical step towards production of better drug candidates and cost reduction in the drug development process. HTS assays for drug metabolism mediated by cytochrome P450s are now routinely used in compound library characterization and for computer modeling studies. However, development and application of HTS assays involving UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are lagging behind. Here we describe the development of a fluorescence-based HTS assay for UGT1A1 using recombinant enzyme and fluorescent substrate in the presence of an aqueous solution of PreserveX-QML (QBI Life Sciences, Madison, WI) polymeric micelles, acting as a stabilizer and a blocker of nonspecific interactions. The data include assay characteristics in 384-well plate format obtained with robotic liquid handling equipment and structures of hits (assay modifiers) obtained from the screening of a small molecule library at the University of Wisconsin HTS screening facility. The application of the assay for predicting UGT-related drug-drug interactions and building pharmacophore models, as well as the effects of polymeric micelles on the assay performance and compound promiscuity, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Trubetskoy
- Quintessence Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI., School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
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De Smet PAGM. Clinical risk management of herb-drug interactions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 63:258-67. [PMID: 17116126 PMCID: PMC2000738 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02797.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2006] [Accepted: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The concomitant use of conventional and herbal medicines can lead to clinically relevant herb-drug interactions. Clinical risk management offers a systematic approach to minimize the untoward consequences of these interactions by paying attention to: (i) risk identification and assessment; (ii) development and execution of risk reduction strategies; and (iii) evaluation of risk reduction strategies. This paper reviews which steps should be explored or taken in these domains to improve the clinical risk management of adverse herb-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A G M De Smet
- Scientific Institute of Dutch Pharmacists, The Hague and Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Centre St Radboud, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Tomás-Guillén E, Farriols-Danés A, Cantarell-Aixendri C, Carlos Juárez-Giménez J. Interacciones entre plantas medicinales y fármacos inmunodepresores. Med Clin (Barc) 2006; 127:177-84. [PMID: 16834954 DOI: 10.1157/13090706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tomás-Guillén
- Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España
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Barnes S, Prasain J. Current progress in the use of traditional medicines and nutraceuticals. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2005; 8:324-328. [PMID: 15860430 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2005.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Traditional medicines in the form of botanical dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have found a place in 21st century healthcare. They nonetheless all contain compounds that are foreign to humans (i.e. xenobiotics) and that are subject to the same pharmacological issues encountered by synthetic therapeutic agents. It is crucial therefore for all parties, the medical profession, investigative scientists, the regulatory agencies and the public, to understand the particular characteristics of botanicals and nutraceuticals and their potential for success and failure in preventing and confronting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, McCallum Research Building, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1918 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
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