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Wang Y, Xie F, Zhao L. Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310331. [PMID: 38183369 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The applications of nanoreactors in biology are becoming increasingly significant and prominent. Specifically, nanoreactors with spatially confined, due to their exquisite design that effectively limits the spatial range of biomolecules, attracted widespread attention. The main advantage of this structure is designed to improve reaction selectivity and efficiency by accumulating reactants and catalysts within the chambers, thus increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants. Herein, the recent progress in the synthesis of spatially confined nanoreactors and their biological applications is summarized, covering various kinds of nanoreactors, including porous inorganic materials, porous crystalline materials with organic components and self-assembled polymers to construct nanoreactors. These design principles underscore how precise reaction control could be achieved by adjusting the structure and composition of the nanoreactors to create spatial confined. Furthermore, various applications of spatially confined nanoreactors are demonstrated in the biological fields, such as biocatalysis, molecular detection, drug delivery, and cancer therapy. These applications showcase the potential prospects of spatially confined nanoreactors, offering robust guidance for future research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fengjuan Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
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2
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Wang D, Li P, Xi J. Active metals decorated NiCo 2O 4 yolk-shell nanospheres as nanoreactors for catalytic reduction of nitroarenes and azo dyes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141102. [PMID: 38185421 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) have received a great deal of research attention and have been widely used in a variety of fields. However, conventional TMOs do not possess high specific surface area, sufficient active site on their surfaces, and limited their applications in catalysis. This study presents a two-step method for synthesizing active metal (M) decorated NiCo2O4 (M/NiCo2O4, M = Pd or Cu) nanospheres with yolk-shell nanostructures. Taking advantage of the unique morphology and the combination of dual active components (i.e., active NiCo2O4 substrate and decorated active metal), the as-prepared M/NiCo2O4 yolk-shell nanospheres can be employed as nanoreactors in the organic reactions. In catalyzing the reduction of a representative nitroarene (i.e., 4-NP) by NaBH4, the Pd/NiCo2O4 nanoreactors exhibit a superior catalytic efficiency to their counterparts (Cu/NiCo2O4 and NiCo2O4). The turnover frequency is much higher than that of various TMOs supported nanocatalysts have been reported over the past five years. Furthermore, the Pd/NiCo2O4 nanoreactors show excellent stability and common applicability of the reduction of various substituted nitrobenzenes and azo dyes. This work provides new rational design concept and preparation strategy for efficient nanoreactors with dual active components and sheds light on the practical application of chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Surface Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Jiangbo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, PR China.
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3
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Zhang D, Liu D, Wang C, Su Y, Zhang X. Nanoreactor-based catalytic systems for therapeutic applications: Principles, strategies, and challenges. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 322:103037. [PMID: 37931381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by natural catalytic compartments, various synthetic compartments that seclude catalytic reactions have been developed to understand complex multistep biosynthetic pathways, bestow therapeutic effects, or extend biosynthetic pathways in living cells. These emerging nanoreactors possessed many advantages over conventional biomedicine, such as good catalytic activity, specificity, and sustainability. In the past decade, a great number of efficient catalytic systems based on diverse nanoreactors (polymer vesicles, liposome, polymer micelles, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, MOFs, etc.) have been designed and employed to initiate in situ catalyzed chemical reactions for therapy. This review aims to present the recent progress in the development of catalytic systems based on nanoreactors for therapeutic applications, with a special emphasis on the principles and design strategies. Besides, the key components of nanoreactor-based catalytic systems, including nanocarriers, triggers or energy inputs, and products, are respectively introduced and discussed in detail. Challenges and prospects in the fabrication of therapeutic catalytic nanoreactors are also discussed as a conclusion to this review. We believe that catalytic nanoreactors will play an increasingly important role in modern biomedicine, with improved therapeutic performance and minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chunfei Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China; MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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4
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Yan K, Lu X, Zhang R, Xiong J, Qiao Y, Li X, Yu Z. Molecular Diffusion in Nanoreactors' Pore Channel System: Measurement Techniques, Structural Regulation, and Catalytic Effects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2304008. [PMID: 37632316 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Nanoreactors, as a new class of materials with highly enriched and ordered pore channel structures, can achieve special catalytic effects by precisely identifying and controlling the molecular diffusion behavior within the ordered pore channel system. Nanoreactors-driven molecular diffusion within the ordered pore channels can be highly dependent on the local microenvironment in the nanoreactors' pore channel system. Although the diffusion process of molecules within the ordered pore channels of nanoreactors is crucial for the regulation of catalytic behaviors, it has not yet been as clearly elucidated as it deserves to be in this study. In this review, fundamental theory and measurement techniques for molecular diffusion in the pore channel system of nanoreactors are presented, structural regulation strategies of pore channel parameters for controlling molecular diffusion are discussed, and the effects of molecular diffusion in the pore channel system on catalytic reactivity and selectivity are further analyzed. This article attempts to further develop the underlying theory of molecular diffusion within the theoretical framework of nanoreactor-driven catalysis, and the proposed perspectives may contribute to the rational design of advanced catalytic materials and the precise control of complex catalytic kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P. R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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5
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Younus LA, Mahmoud ZH, Hamza AA, Alaziz KMA, Ali ML, Yasin Y, Jihad WS, Rasheed T, Alkhawaldeh AK, Ali FK, Kianfar E. Photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment: properties and applications in nanoparticles. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e268892. [PMID: 37311125 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.268892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the treatment strategies for tumors and other disorders is photodynamic therapy (PDT). For several years, increasing the efficiency of nanostructured treatment devices, including light therapy, has been considered in different treatment methods. Light Dynamics The use of nanomaterial in this method's production and progress. The use of nanoparticles as carriers is a promising accomplishment, since all the criteria for an ideal photodynamic therapy agent can be given with these nanomaterials. The kinds of nanoparticles that have recently been used in photodynamic therapy are mentioned in this article. Latest advancements are being explored in the use of inorganic nanoparticles and biodegradable polymer-based nanomaterial as carriers of photosynthetic agents. Photosynthetic nanoparticles, self-propagating nanoparticles, and conversion nanoparticles are among the successful photodynamic therapy nanoparticles addressed in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Younus
- Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Al Najaf Al Ashraf, Iraq
| | - Z H Mahmoud
- University of Diyala, College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Diyala, Iraq
| | - A A Hamza
- University of Al-Ameed, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Karbala, Iraq
| | - K M A Alaziz
- Al-Noor University College, Department of Pharmacy, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - M L Ali
- Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Dentistry, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Y Yasin
- Al-Farahidi University, College of Medical Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - W S Jihad
- Mazaya University College, Department of Medical Technology, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
| | - T Rasheed
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Science and Humanities, Department of English, Al-Kharj, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - A K Alkhawaldeh
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Zarqa University College, Department of Medical Allied Sciences, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - F K Ali
- University of Diyala, College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Diyala, Iraq
| | - E Kianfar
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Engineering and Pure Sciences, Mechanical Engineering Department, Istanbul, turkey
- Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak, Iran
- Islamic Azad University, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gurcharan Branch, Gachsaran, Iran
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6
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Goksu A, Li H, Liu J, Duyar MS. Nanoreactor Engineering Can Unlock New Possibilities for CO 2 Tandem Catalytic Conversion to C-C Coupled Products. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2300004. [PMID: 37287598 PMCID: PMC10242537 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is becoming increasingly more pronounced every day while the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere continues to rise. CO2 reduction to valuable chemicals is an approach that has gathered substantial attention as a means to recycle these gases. Herein, some of the tandem catalysis approaches that can be used to achieve the transformation of CO2 to C-C coupled products are explored, focusing especially on tandem catalytic schemes where there is a big opportunity to improve performance by designing effective catalytic nanoreactors. Recent reviews have highlighted the technical challenges and opportunities for advancing tandem catalysis, especially highlighting the need for elucidating structure-activity relationships and mechanisms of reaction through theoretical and in situ/operando characterization techniques. In this review, the focus is on nanoreactor synthesis strategies as a critical research direction, and discusses these in the context of two main tandem pathways (CO-mediated pathway and Methanol-mediated pathway) to C-C coupled products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Goksu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian116023China
| | - Melis S. Duyar
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom
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7
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Synthesis and Modification of Nanoparticles with Ionic Liquids: a Review. BIONANOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-023-01075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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8
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Fattah IMR, Farhan ZA, Kontoleon KJ, kianfar E, Hadrawi SK. Hollow fiber membrane contactor based carbon dioxide absorption − stripping: a review. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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9
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Monti GA, Falcone RD, Moyano F, Correa NM. Green AOT reverse micelles as nanoreactors for alkaline phosphatase. The hydrogen bond "dances" between water and the enzyme, the reaction product, and the reverse micelles interface. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1194-1202. [PMID: 36686944 PMCID: PMC9811498 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06296h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present an investigation of the influence of water encapsulated in 1,4-bis-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate/methyl laurate and 1,4-bis-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate/isopropyl myristate reverse micelles on the enzymatic hydrolysis of 1-naphthyl phosphate by alkaline phosphatase. Our results show that the enzyme is active in the biocompatible reverse micelles studied and that the Michaelis-Menten kinetic model is valid in all systems. We found that both micellar systems studied have a particular behavior toward pH and that the penetration of external solvents into the interfaces is crucial to understanding the effect. Methyl laurate does not disrupt the interface and is not necessary to control the pH value since alkaline phosphatase in the center of the micelles is always solvated similarly. In contrast, isopropyl myristate disrupts the interfaces so that the water and 1-naphthol molecules cannot form hydrogen bond interactions with the polar head of the surfactant. Then, when the water is at pH = 7, the 1-naphthol moves away to the interfaces inhibiting alkaline phosphatase which is not observable when the water is at pH = 10. Our study shows that the concept of pH cannot be used directly in a confined environment. In addition, our research is of great importance in the field of reactions that occur in reverse micelles, catalyzed by enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Monti
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS, CONICET-UNRC), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA, CONICET-UNRC), Departamento de Tecnología Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina
| | - R Darío Falcone
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS, CONICET-UNRC), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina
| | - Fernando Moyano
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS, CONICET-UNRC), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina
| | - N Mariano Correa
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS, CONICET-UNRC), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto Río Cuarto Argentina
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10
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Abdul-Reda Hussein U, Mahmoud ZH, Alaziz KMA, Alid ML, Yasin Y, Ali FK, Faisal AN, Abd AN, Kianfar E. Antimicrobial finishing of textiles using nanomaterials. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e264947. [PMID: 37194799 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metals, such as copper and silver, can be extremely toxic to bacteria at exceptionally low concentrations. Because of this biocidal activity, metals have been widely used as antimicrobial agents in a multitude of applications related with agriculture, healthcare, and the industry in general. A large number of microorganisms live in the human environment. if the balance of these creatures in nature is disturbed, the health of the individual and society will be threatened due to the production and emission of unpleasant odors and the reduction of health standards. The presence of microorganisms on textiles can cause adverse effects such as discoloration or staining on textiles, decomposition of fibrous materials, reduced strength, and eventually decay of textiles. Most fibers and polymers do not show resistance to the effects of microbes and by providing growth factors for microorganisms such as the right temperature and humidity, nutrients from sweat and fat from skin glands, dead skin cells as well as materials used in the stage of finishing the textiles causes the rapid growth and spread of various microbes. With the advent of nanotechnology, various industries and human daily life underwent changes. In recent years, increasing research on nanoparticles has led to the production of textiles with greater efficiency and added value. These modified textiles prevent the spread of unpleasant odors, the spread, and transmission of diseases. This article reviews the basics and principles of antimicrobial tetiles, as well as a brief overview of antimicrobial materials and nanostructures with antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z H Mahmoud
- University of Diyala, College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Diyala, Iraq
| | - K M Abd Alaziz
- Al-Noor University College, Department of Pharmacy, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - M L Alid
- Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Dentistry, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Y Yasin
- Al-Farahidi University, College of Medical Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - F K Ali
- University of Diyala, College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Diyala, Iraq
| | - A N Faisal
- Mazaya University College, Department of Medical Technology, Dhi-Qar, Iraq
| | - A N Abd
- University of Diyala, College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Diyala, Iraq
| | - E Kianfar
- Islamic Azad University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran
- Islamic Azad University, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Gachsaran, Iran
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11
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Smaisim GF, Abed AM, Al-Madhhachi H, Hadrawi SK, Al-Khateeb HMM, Kianfar E. Graphene-Based Important Carbon Structures and Nanomaterials for Energy Storage Applications as Chemical Capacitors and Supercapacitor Electrodes: a Review. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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A review of recent advances in carbon dioxide absorption–stripping by employing a gas–liquid hollow fiber polymeric membrane contactor. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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13
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Beiranvand M, Habibi D. The Pd(0) and Pd(II) SBA‐TU‐anchored catalysts in the Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions: A comparative catalytic study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Tang C, McInnes BT. Cascade Processes with Micellar Reaction Media: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175611. [PMID: 36080376 PMCID: PMC9458028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reducing the use of solvents is an important aim of green chemistry. Using micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic molecules dispersed in water (considered a green solvent) has facilitated reactions of organic compounds. When performing reactions in micelles, the hydrophobic effect can considerably accelerate apparent reaction rates, as well as enhance selectivity. Here, we review micellar reaction media and their potential role in sustainable chemical production. The focus of this review is applications of engineered amphiphilic systems for reactions (surface-active ionic liquids, designer surfactants, and block copolymers) as reaction media. Micelles are a versatile platform for performing a large array of organic chemistries using water as the bulk solvent. Building on this foundation, synthetic sequences combining several reaction steps in one pot have been developed. Telescoping multiple reactions can reduce solvent waste by limiting the volume of solvents, as well as eliminating purification processes. Thus, in particular, we review recent advances in “one-pot” multistep reactions achieved using micellar reaction media with potential applications in medicinal chemistry and agrochemistry. Photocatalyzed reactions in micellar reaction media are also discussed. In addition to the use of micelles, we emphasize the process (steps to isolate the product and reuse the catalyst).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tang
- Chemical and Life Science Engineering Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Bridget T. McInnes
- Computer Science Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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15
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Methods of Chemical Synthesis in the Synthesis of Nanomaterial and Nanoparticles by the Chemical Deposition Method: A Review. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-00996-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Trung ND, Huy DTN, Jade Catalan Opulencia M, Lafta HA, Abed AM, Bokov DO, Shomurodov K, Van Thuc Master H, Thaeer Hammid A, Kianfar E. Conductive Gels: Properties and Applications of Nanoelectronics. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:50. [PMID: 35499625 PMCID: PMC9061932 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conductive gels are a special class of soft materials. They harness the 3D micro/nanostructures of gels with the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors, producing excellent novel attributes, like the formation of an intricate network of conducting micro/nanostructures that facilitates the easy movement of charge carriers. Conductive gels encompass interesting properties, like adhesion, porosity, swelling, and good mechanical properties compared to those of bulk conducting polymers. The porous structure of the gels allows the easy diffusion of ions and molecules and the swelling nature provides an effective interface between molecular chains and solution phases, whereas good mechanical properties enable their practical applications. Due to these excellent assets, conductive gels are promising candidates for applications like energy conversion and storage, sensors, medical and biodevices, actuators, superhydrophobic coatings, etc. Conductive gels offer promising applications, e.g., as soft sensors, energy storage, and wearable electronics. Hydrogels with ionic species have some potential in this area. However, they suffer from dehydration due to evaporation when exposed to the air which limits their applications and lifespan. In addition to conductive polymers and organic charge transfer complexes, there is another class of organic matter called "conductive gels" that are used in the organic nanoelectronics industry. The main features of this family of organic materials include controllable photoluminescence, use in photon upconversion technology, and storage of optical energy and its conversion into electricity. Various parameters change the electronic and optical behaviors of these materials, which can be changed by controlling some of the structural and chemical parameters of conductive gels, their electronic and optical behaviors depending on the applications. If the conjugated molecules with π bonds come together spontaneously, in a relative order, to form non-covalent bonds, they form a gel-like structure that has photoluminescence properties. The reason for this is the possibility of excitation of highest occupied molecular orbital level electrons of these molecules due to the collision of landing photons and their transfer to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level. This property can be used in various nanoelectronic applications such as field-effect organic transistors, organic solar cells, and sensors to detect explosives. In this paper, the general introduction of conductive or conjugated gels with π bonds is discussed and some of the physical issues surrounding electron excitation due to incident radiation and the mobility of charge carriers, the position, and role of conductive gels in each of these applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy
- Banking University HCMC, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
- International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | - Azher M Abed
- Department of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, Russian Federation, 109240
| | - Kahramon Shomurodov
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli 103, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 100147
| | - Hoang Van Thuc Master
- Thai Nguyen University, University of Information and Communication Technology, Thái Nguyên, Vietnam
| | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Department, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ehsan Kianfar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
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17
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A Review of High-Energy Density Lithium-Air Battery Technology: Investigating the Effect of Oxides and Nanocatalysts. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2762647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In vehicles that require a lot of electricity, such as electric vehicles, it is necessary to use high-energy batteries. Among the developed batteries, the lithium-ion battery has shown better performance. This battery has an energy density of 10 equal to that of a lithium-ion battery and uses air oxygen as the active material of the cathode and anode like a lithium-ion battery made of lithium metal. The cathode used in these batteries must have special properties such as strong catalytic activity and high conductivity, and nanotechnology has greatly helped to improve the materials used in the cathode of lithium-air batteries. The importance of proper catalyst distribution and the relationship between the oxide product and the catalyst and the indirect effect of the ORR catalyst on the OER reaction is not present in the fuel cell. The maximum capacity of lithium-air battery theory using graphene under optimal electron conduction conditions and the experimental maximum obtained for graphene by optimizing the structure geometry, examples of structural engineering using carbon fiber and carbon nanotubes in cathode fabrication with the ability to perform the reaction properly while providing space for lithium oxide placement, are examined. This article describes the mechanism of this battery, and its components are examined. The challenges of using this battery and the application of nanotechnology to solve these challenges are also discussed.
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Majdi HS, Latipov ZA, Borisov V, Yuryevna NO, Kadhim MM, Suksatan W, Khlewee IH, Kianfar E. Nano and Battery Anode: A Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:177. [PMID: 34894321 PMCID: PMC8665917 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03631-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Improving the anode properties, including increasing its capacity, is one of the basic necessities to improve battery performance. In this paper, high-capacity anodes with alloy performance are introduced, then the problem of fragmentation of these anodes and its effect during the cyclic life is stated. Then, the effect of reducing the size to the nanoscale in solving the problem of fragmentation and improving the properties is discussed, and finally the various forms of nanomaterials are examined. In this paper, electrode reduction in the anode, which is a nanoscale phenomenon, is described. The negative effects of this phenomenon on alloy anodes are expressed and how to eliminate these negative effects by preparing suitable nanostructures will be discussed. Also, the anodes of the titanium oxide family are introduced and the effects of Nano on the performance improvement of these anodes are expressed, and finally, the quasi-capacitive behavior, which is specific to Nano, will be introduced. Finally, the third type of anodes, exchange anodes, is introduced and their function is expressed. The effect of Nano on the reversibility of these anodes is mentioned. The advantages of nanotechnology for these electrodes are described. In this paper, it is found that nanotechnology, in addition to the common effects such as reducing the penetration distance and modulating the stress, also creates other interesting effects in this type of anode, such as capacitive quasi-capacitance, changing storage mechanism and lower volume change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Sh. Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001 Iraq
| | | | - Vitaliy Borisov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nedorezova Olga Yuryevna
- Department of Legal and Social Sciences, Naberezhnye Chelny Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Mustafa M. Kadhim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001 Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacy, Osol Aldeen University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Ibrahim Hammoud Khlewee
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ehsan Kianfar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arāk, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
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