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Drioiche A, Ailli A, Remok F, Saidi S, Gourich AA, Asbabou A, Kamaly OA, Saleh A, Bouhrim M, Tarik R, Kchibale A, Zair T. Analysis of the Chemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticoagulant, and Antidiabetic Properties of Pistacia lentiscus from Boulemane as a Natural Nutraceutical Preservative. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2372. [PMID: 37760813 PMCID: PMC10525226 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus L. has traditionally been employed as a diuretic and stimulant in the treatment of hypertension. Our interest centered on analyzing the chemical profile of the plant's leaves and its in vitro, in vivo, and in silico antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, and antidiabetic effects in order to valorize this species and prepare new high-value products that can be used in the agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. When this species' essential oil was hydrodistilled and subjected to GC-MS analysis, the results showed that the principal components were germacrene D (17.54%), spathulenol (17.38%), bicyclogermacrene (12.52%), and terpinen-4-ol (9.95%). The extraction of phenolic compounds was carried out by decoction and Soxhlet. The determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins of aqueous and organic extracts by spectrophotometric methods demonstrated the richness of this species in phenolic compounds. Chromatographic analysis by HPLC/UV-ESI-MS of the aqueous extract of P. lentiscus revealed the presence of 3,5-di-O-galloyl quinic acid, gallic acid, and 3,4,5-tri-O-galloyl quinic acid specific to this species. The study of antioxidant activity by three methods (DPPH, FRAP, and Total Antioxidant Capacity) revealed that P. lentiscus is a very promising source of natural antioxidants. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and aqueous extract (E0) was studied by microdilution on the microplate. The results revealed the effectiveness of the aqueous extract compared to the essential oil against Gram-negative bacteria (K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, P. fluorescence, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., and Y. enterolitica) and candidoses (C. krusei and C. albicans). The measurements of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of the aqueous extract (E0) can significantly prolong these tests from concentrations of 2.875 and 5.750 mg/mL, respectively. The antihyperglycemic effect of the aqueous extract (E0) showed a strong in vitro inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to acarbose. Thus, it significantly inhibited postprandial hyperglycemia in Wistar albino rats. The in-silico study of the major compounds of the essential oil and extract (E0) carried out using PASS, SwissADME, pkCSM, and molecular docking tools confirmed our in vitro and in vivo results. The studied compounds showed a strong ability to be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and to passively diffuse through the blood-brain barrier, a similarity to drugs, and water solubility. Molecular docking experiments deduced the probable mode of action of the identified compounds on their respective target proteins, such as NADPH oxidase, thrombin, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Furthermore, given the demonstrated antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, and antidiabetic effects, we can affirm the richness of P. lentiscus in bioactive molecules and its use in traditional medicine as a source of preservative agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Drioiche
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Mohamed V. Hospital, Meknes 50000, Morocco
| | - Atika Ailli
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Firdaous Remok
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Soukaina Saidi
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Aman Allah Gourich
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Ayoub Asbabou
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (O.A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Mohamed Bouhrim
- Team of Functional and Pathological Biology, Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Beni Mellal, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco;
| | - Redouane Tarik
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Amale Kchibale
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
| | - Touriya Zair
- Research Team of Chemistry of Bioactive Molecules and the Environment, Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismaïl University, B.P. 11201, Zitoune, Meknes 50070, Morocco; (A.A.); (F.R.); (S.S.); (A.A.G.); (A.A.); (R.T.); (A.K.)
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Dual actions of gallic acid and andrographolide trigger AdipoR1 to stimulate insulin secretion in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 13:11-19. [PMID: 36685073 PMCID: PMC9845651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Common treatments for the management of diabetes have limitations due to side effects, hence the need for continuous research to discover new remedies with better therapeutic efficacy. Previously, we have reported that the combination treatment of gallic acid (20 mg/kg) and andrographolide (10 mg/kg) for 15 days demonstrated synergistic hypoglycemic activity in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-deficient diabetes rat model. Here, we attempt to further elucidate the effect of this combination therapy at the biochemical, histological and molecular levels. Our biochemical analyses showed that the combination treatment significantly increased the serum insulin level and decreased the total cholesterol and triglyceride level of the diabetic animals. Histological examinations of H&E stained pancreas, liver, kidney and adipose tissues of combination-treated diabetic animals showed restoration to the normalcy of the tissues. Besides, the combination treatment significantly enhanced the level of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) protein expression in the skeletal muscle of treated diabetic animals compared to single compound treated and untreated diabetic animals. The molecular docking analysis on the interaction of gallic acid and/or andrographolide with the adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), a key component in the regulation of pancreatic insulin secretion, revealed a greater binding affinity of AdipoR1 to both compounds compared to individual compounds. Taken together, these findings suggest the combination of gallic acid and andrographolide as a potent therapy for the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Jiang L, Wu Y, Qu C, Lin Y, Yi X, Gao C, Cai J, Su Z, Zeng H. Hypouricemic effect of gallic acid, a bioactive compound from Sonneratia apetala leaves and branches, on hyperuricemic mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:10275-10290. [PMID: 36125096 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02068h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a tropical medicinal plant, Sonneratia apetala is mainly distributed in the southeast coastal areas of China. Recently, the hypouricemic effect of Sonneratia apetala leaves and branches (SAL) has been reported, but the active compound and its mechanism are unclear. Thus, this study aims to explore the effective fraction of SAL and the mechanism of its active compound on uric acid formation and excretion. SAL was extracted with ethyl acetate and concentrated to obtain solvent-free extracts (SAL-EA). The remains fraction (SAL-E) and the supernatant fraction (SAL-S) of SAL resulting from water extraction and alcohol precipitation were collected and dried. The effects of different fractions were explored on hyperuricemic mice. SAL-S showed excellent activities in decreasing the levels of uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CRE) in serum and in attenuating kidney damage. Then, the active compound gallic acid (GA) identified by HPLC was assayed for its mechanism of regulating uric acid metabolism in hyperuricemic mice. The hypouricemic effect of GA was probably associated with the downregulation of URAT1 and GLUT9, upregulation of ABCG2 and decreased activities of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and xanthine oxidase (XOD). Moreover, GA suppressed the level of MDA, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β1, COX-2 and cystatin-C (Cys-C), and enhanced the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) in the kidneys. These results indicated that GA protects against hyperuricemia-induced kidney injury via suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation as well as decreasing the serum levels of UA by regulating urate transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyun Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chang Qu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinsi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjun Gao
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cai
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangzhou, 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziren Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huifang Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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ŞENER SÖ, BADEM M, ÖZGEN U, KORKMAZ N, KANBOLAT Ş, KERİMOĞLU G, ALİYAZICIOĞLU R, YENİLMEZ E, SEZEN KARAOĞLAN E. Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect of the Aerial Parts of <i>Lysimachia verticillaris</i> and its Isolated Phenolic Compounds on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. BEZMIALEM SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.14235/bas.galenos.2021.6123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Ahmad W, Amir M, Ahmad A, Ali A, Ali A, Wahab S, Barkat HA, Ansari MA, Sarafroz M, Ahmad A, Barkat MA, Alam P. Aegle marmelos Leaf Extract Phytochemical Analysis, Cytotoxicity, In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122573. [PMID: 34961044 PMCID: PMC8708738 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For many years, Aegle marmelos (A. marmelos) has been used medicinally and as a dietary supplement. Despite this, there are minimal research data on A. marmelos phytochemical properties and pharmacological effects. This study aimed to explore the phytoconstituents, cytotoxicity, glucose uptake, and antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of an alcoholic extract of A. marmelos leaf. The cytotoxicity of A. marmelos in HepG2 cells was tested in vitro, and the results revealed that it has strong cytocompatibility and cytoprotective properties. The extract's antioxidant activities were investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. Antioxidant potential was shown to be quite impressive. The enzymes α-amylase and α-glycosidase were found to be substantially inhibited by A. marmelos, with IC50 values of 46.21 and 42.07 mg/mL, respectively. In HepG2 cells, A. marmelos significantly reduced ROS levels that were elevated due to high glucose and enhanced glucose consumption (p < 0.05). These activities might be due to the enrichment of bioactive phytoconstituents analyzed chromatographically using GC/MS and HPLC. The findings of this study show that A. marmelos could be an effective restorative therapy for diabetes and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammad Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adil Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amena Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Harshita Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.B.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Sarafroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammad Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.B.); (M.A.B.)
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
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Diaz A, Muñoz‐Arenas G, Caporal‐Hernandez K, Vázquez‐Roque R, Lopez‐Lopez G, Kozina A, Espinosa B, Flores G, Treviño S, Guevara J. Gallic acid improves recognition memory and decreases oxidative‐inflammatory damage in the rat hippocampus with metabolic syndrome. Synapse 2020; 75:e22186. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.22186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Diaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico
| | | | | | - Rubén Vázquez‐Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatria Instituto de Fisiologia Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico
| | - Gustavo Lopez‐Lopez
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico
| | - Anna Kozina
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México Ciudad de Mexico Mexico
| | - Blanca Espinosa
- Departamento de Bioquimica Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, ICV Ciudad de Mexico Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatria Instituto de Fisiologia Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico
| | - Jorge Guevara
- Departamento de Bioquimica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México Ciudad de Mexico Mexico
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Effect of Caesalpinia bonduc Polyphenol Extract on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats in Attenuating Hyperglycemia by Upregulating Insulin Secretion and Inhibiting JNK Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9020219. [PMID: 32256963 PMCID: PMC7103044 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caesalpinia bonduc has been used in herbal medicines for the treatment of a wide range of diseases from decades. The present study has explored the remedial potential and underlying mechanism of polyphenol extract of Caesalpinia bonduc in alloxanized diabetic rats. HPLC/MS analysis confirmed the presence of phenolics in considerable concentrations in Caesalpinia bonduc extract. Administration of different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of CPP extract to hyperglycemic rats for 8 weeks restored blood and serum glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, leptin, amylin, and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes level towards normal compared to alloxanized diabetic group. The effect of CPP extract on various genes such as Pdx-1, Ins-1, ngn-3, GLUT-4, and IRS-1 in insulin signaling pathway and Traf-4, Traf-6, and Mapk-8 in MAPK downstream JNK cascade was examined through qRT-PCR to access the core molecular mechanism involved in CPP-induced recovery of diabetes. Results have revealed that CPP extract reduced oxidative stress in pancreatic β cells by restoring free radical scavenging potential, reducing the mRNA expression of Mapk-8, Traf-4, and Traf-6, and increasing the Pdx-1, Ins-1, ngn-3, GLUT-4, and IRS-1 expression ensuing regeneration of β cells and subsequent insulin release from pancreas. The results obtained in this study recommend that CPP extract may be a promising therapeutic restorative agent in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Gao J, Hu J, Hu D, Yang X. A Role of Gallic Acid in Oxidative Damage Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19874174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid of plant metabolites widely spread throughout the plant kingdom. It has characteristics of the strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities, and can protect biological cells, tissues, and organs from damages caused by oxidative stress. This review aims to summarize the protective roles of gallic acid and the underlying pharmacological mechanisms in the pathophysiological process of the oxidative damage diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, degenerative, and metabolic diseases. The studies reviewed herein showed that the main therapeutic effects of gallic acid were attributed to its antioxidant properties. It modulated various signaling pathways through a wide range of inflammatory cytokines, and enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. However, the available data were limited to few studies assessing the treatment effects of gallic acid in human subjects to confirm its therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the clinical trials were urgently needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of gallic acid treatment on human beings. The scientific data summarized in this review highlighted the therapeutic potentials of gallic acid for oxidative damage diseases. It could be developed as versatile adjuvant or therapeutically lead compound in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiangxia Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongyi Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Jeong H, Kim JW, Yang D, Jeong TW, Zhao J, Seo JH, Shin DG, Cha JD, Han KM, Lim CW, Kim B. Orostachys japonicus A. Berger (Crassulaceae) Exerts Antidiabetic Activity by Improving Glucose and Lipid Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. J Med Food 2019; 22:797-809. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyuneui Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Daram Yang
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Tae-Won Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jing Zhao
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Seo
- Research & Development Center of GENERAL BIO Co., Ltd., Namwon, Korea
| | - Dong Gue Shin
- Research & Development Center of GENERAL BIO Co., Ltd., Namwon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Dan Cha
- Research & Development Center of GENERAL BIO Co., Ltd., Namwon, Korea
| | - Kang Min Han
- Department of Pathology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chae Woong Lim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology (BK21 Plus Program), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
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Ben Lamine J, Boujbiha MA, Dahane S, Cherifa AB, Khlifi A, Chahdoura H, Yakoubi MT, Ferchichi S, El Ayeb N, Achour L. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitor effects and pancreatic response to diabetes mellitus on Wistar rats of Ephedra alata areal part decoction with immunohistochemical analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9739-9754. [PMID: 30729433 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ephedra alata, known as a medicinal plant in China, was used in this study as aqueous extract from aerial parts, for diabetes mellitus treatment. This study was carried out on two parts, in vitro, we tested the effect of the studied extract on the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and in vivo on Wistar male rats receiving alloxan intraperitoneally at a rate of 125 mg/kg. Extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of body weight) was administrated for 28 days by oral gavage. Blood glucose, amylase, lipase, and lipid profile level were determined. Oxidative stress was evaluated by enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and by estimation of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl (PC) level. Histopathological changes in pancreas were investigated under photonic microscopy using immunohistochemical procedure. Our findings showed that aqueous extract inhibited in vitro both α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities and its use in vivo at 300 mg/kg of body weight restored pancreas weight and weight gain, ameliorated significantly (p ˂ 0.05) biochemical parameters; it prevented the increase in lipid and protein oxidation and the decrease in enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense system. Histological study of treated animals showed a comparable healed regeneration of beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihene Ben Lamine
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mouhamed Ali Boujbiha
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sabra Dahane
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amal Ben Cherifa
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculté des Sciences de Gabes, Université de Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Aida Khlifi
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassiba Chahdoura
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouhamed Taher Yakoubi
- Laboratoire d'anatomie et pathologie, Centre Hôpital Universitaire Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Centre Hôpital Universitaire Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nacer El Ayeb
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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Kahkeshani N, Farzaei F, Fotouhi M, Alavi SS, Bahramsoltani R, Naseri R, Momtaz S, Abbasabadi Z, Rahimi R, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Pharmacological effects of gallic acid in health and diseases: A mechanistic review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:225-237. [PMID: 31156781 PMCID: PMC6528712 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.32806.7897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gallic acid is a natural phenolic compound found in several fruits and medicinal plants. It is reported to have several health-promoting effects. This review aims to summarize the pharmacological and biological activities of gallic acid in vitro and animal models to depict the pharmacological status of this compound for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS All relevant papers in the English language were collected up to June 2018. The keywords of gallic acid, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, gastrointestinal-, cardiovascular-, metabolic-, neuropsychological-, and miscellaneous- diseases were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. RESULTS Several beneficial effects are reported for gallic acid, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. This compound has been reported to have therapeutic activities in gastrointestinal, neuropsychological, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. CONCLUSION Current evidence confirms the pharmacological and therapeutic interventions of gallic acid in multiple health complications; however, available data are limited to just cellular and animal studies. Future investigations are essential to further define the safety and therapeutic efficacy of gallic acid in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Kahkeshani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- PhytoPharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Fotouhi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shaghayegh Alavi
- Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rozita Naseri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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Bitencourt PER, Cargnelutti LO, Stein CS, Lautenchleger R, Ferreira LM, Sangoi M, Denardi L, Borges RM, Boligon A, Moresco RN, Cruz L, Zanette RA, Alves SH, Moretto MB. Nanoparticle formulation increases Syzygium cumini antioxidant activity in Candida albicans-infected diabetic rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1082-1088. [PMID: 28193098 PMCID: PMC6130601 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1283338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, studies on the use of this plant and of nanoparticle formulations against DM-related fungal infections are scarce. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of the treatments with aqueous seed extract of S. cumini (ASc) and ASc-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPASc) on biochemical parameters in Candida albicans-infected diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: Control, DM, C. albicans, C. albicans + ASc, C. albicans + NPASc, DM + C. albicans, DM + C. albicans + ASc and DM + C. albicans + NPASc. Rats were daily treated with ASc or NPASc (100 mg/kg) for 21 days. Biochemical parameters in serum and urine, advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and TBARS levels in the serum, kidney, liver and pancreas and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities in kidney and urine were evaluated. RESULTS Biochemical and oxidative stress parameters increased in rats with DM and/or candidiasis. NPASc was more effective than ASc in decreasing glucose (56%), cholesterol (33%) and creatinine (51%) levels; serum (16%) and pancreatic (46%) AOPP and renal (48%) TBARS levels when compared with DM + C. albicans group. In C. albicans group, both treatments decreased NAG activity but did not decrease creatinine levels. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the use of nanotechnology is able to improve plant extract properties such as antioxidant activity that may be useful in diabetes-related complications.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antifungal Agents/chemistry
- Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification
- Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/chemistry
- Antioxidants/isolation & purification
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Biomarkers/blood
- Biomarkers/urine
- Candida albicans/drug effects
- Candidiasis/blood
- Candidiasis/drug therapy
- Candidiasis/microbiology
- Candidiasis/urine
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/urine
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/urine
- Drug Compounding
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/metabolism
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Male
- Nanoparticles
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal
- Rats, Wistar
- Seeds
- Solvents/chemistry
- Streptozocin
- Syzygium/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula E. R. Bitencourt
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lariane O. Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carolina S. Stein
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Raquel Lautenchleger
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luana M. Ferreira
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Manuela Sangoi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Laura Denardi
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Raphaela M. Borges
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Aline Boligon
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rafael N. Moresco
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Letícia Cruz
- Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Régis A. Zanette
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sydney H. Alves
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Moretto
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Nachar A, Eid HM, Vinqvist-Tymchuk M, Vuong T, Kalt W, Matar C, Haddad PS. Phenolic compounds isolated from fermented blueberry juice decrease hepatocellular glucose output and enhance muscle glucose uptake in cultured murine and human cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:138. [PMID: 28259166 PMCID: PMC5336672 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1650-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background We recently reported that blueberry juice fermented (FJ) with Serratia vaccinii bacterium has antidiabetic activities both in vivo and in vitro. The purpose of this project was to elucidate the effect of FJ on glucose homeostasis in liver and skeletal muscle cells and to identify active fractions/compounds responsible for this effect. Methods FJ was fractionated using standard chromatography procedures. Hepatic (H4IIE, HepG2) and skeletal muscle cells (C2C12) were treated with maximum non-toxic concentrations of FJ, fractions and isolated compounds thereof. Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity was measured using glucose oxidase method. To measure glucose uptake and glycogen synthase (GS) activity, radioactive assays were used. Results Fractionation of FJ yielded seven fractions. FJ and its phenolic fractions F2, F3-1 and F3-2 respectively inhibited G-6Pase by 31, 45, 51 and 26%; activated GS by 2.3-, 2.3-, 2.2- and 2-fold; and stimulated glucose uptake by 19, 25, 18 and 15%, as compared to DMSO vehicle control. Subfractionation of the active fractions yielded 4 compounds (catechol, chlorogenic, gallic and protocatechuic acid). Catechol, yielding the greatest bioactivity in G6Pase and glucose uptake assays, decreased G6Pase activity by 54%, increased GS by 2-fold and stimulated glucose uptake by 44% at 45.5 μM. Conclusions This study identifies novel potential antidiabetic compounds that can help standardize FJ. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1650-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ding Y, Zou X, Jiang X, Wu J, Zhang Y, Chen D, Liang B. Pu-erh tea down-regulates sterol regulatory element-binding protein and stearyol-CoA desaturase to reduce fat storage in Caenorhaditis elegans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0113815. [PMID: 25659129 PMCID: PMC4319740 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of Pu-erh has been reported to result in numerous health benefits, but the mechanisms underlying purported weight-loss and lowering of lipid are poorly understood. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhaditis elegans to explore the water extract of Pu-erh tea (PTE) functions to reduce fat storage. We found that PTE down-regulates the expression of the master fat regulator SBP-1, a homologue of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) and its target stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a key enzyme in fat biosynthesis, leading to an increased ratio of stearic acid (C18:0) to oleic acid (C18:1n-9), and subsequently decreased fat storage. We also found that both the pharyngeal pumping rate and food uptake of C. elegans decreased with exposure to PTE. Collectively, these results provide an experimental basis for explaining the ability of Pu-erh tea in promoting inhibition of food uptake and the biosynthesis of fat via SBP-1 and SCD, thereby reducing fat storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiHong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - XiaoJu Zou
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Special Biological Resource Development and Utilization of University in Yunnan Province, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
- * E-mail: (BL); (XJZ)
| | - Xue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - JieYu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - YuRu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Special Biological Resource Development and Utilization of University in Yunnan Province, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- * E-mail: (BL); (XJZ)
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15
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Giribabu N, Kumar KE, Rekha SS, Muniandy S, Salleh N. Chlorophytum borivilianum root extract maintains near normal blood glucose, insulin and lipid profile levels and prevents oxidative stress in the pancreas of streptozotocin-induced adult male diabetic rats. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:1172-84. [PMID: 25249786 PMCID: PMC4166863 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.9056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The effect of C. borivilianum root on blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbAIc), insulin and lipid profile levels in diabetes mellitus are not fully understood. This study therefore investigated the effect of C. borivilianum root on the above parameters and oxidative stress of the pancreas in diabetes. METHODS C. borivilianum root aqueous extract (250 and 500 mg/kg/day) was administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male diabetic rats for 28 days. Body weight, blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, lipid profile levels and glucose homeostasis indices were determined. Histopathological changes and oxidative stress parameters i.e. lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes activity levels of the pancreas were investigated. RESULTS C. borivilianum root extract treatment to diabetic rats maintained near normal body weight, blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile and insulin levels with higher HOMA-β cell functioning index, number of Islets/pancreas, number of β-cells/Islets however with lower HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) index as compared to non-treated diabetic rats. Negative correlations between serum insulin and blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were observed. C. borivilianum root extract administration prevented the increase in lipid peroxidation and the decrease in activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) with mild histopathological changes in the pancreas of diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS C. borivilianum root maintains near normal levels of these metabolites and prevented oxidative stress-induced damage to the pancreas in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Giribabu
- 1. Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kilari Eswar Kumar
- 2. Pharmacology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Somesula Swapna Rekha
- 3. Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati - 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sekaran Muniandy
- 4. Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Naguib Salleh
- 1. Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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