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Shah N, Khadilkar A, Oza C, Bhor S, Ladkat D, Gondhalekar K, More C, Khadilkar V. Adiponectin-leptin ratio as a marker of cardio-metabolic risk in Indian children and youth with type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023:jpem-2023-0087. [PMID: 37128662 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR) is a promising novel marker of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to study the association of adiponectin-leptin ratio with markers of obesity and adiposity and also to assess its usefulness as a marker of increased cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in Indian children and youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS This observational study included 79 children and youth with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) (10-21 years) having disease duration>6 months. Demographic data and laboratory findings were obtained from patients' records. Patients with ALR<1 were categorised as having increased CMR and those with ALR>1 were categorised as having no CMR. RESULTS ALR showed a significant negative correlation with body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference and body fat percentage (p<0.05). Body fat percentage was the single most important predictor of ALR. Children and youth with increased CMR had higher weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and body fat percentage as compared to those with no CMR (p<0.05). In T1DM children with dyslipidemia, ALR was significantly lower as compared to those without dyslipidemia (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS ALR may be a useful marker for adiposity and increased cardiometabolic risk in Indian children and youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Shah
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, India
| | - Anuradha Khadilkar
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Interdiscplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule University, Pune, India
| | - Chirantap Oza
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Narendra Modi Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shital Bhor
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dipali Ladkat
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan Gondhalekar
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chidvilas More
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaman Khadilkar
- Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Interdiscplinary School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule University, Pune, India
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de Steenwinkel FDO, Dolhain RJEM, Hazes JMW, Hokken-Koelega ACS. Does prednisone use in pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis induce insulin resistance in the offspring? Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:47-54. [PMID: 36040672 PMCID: PMC9823030 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06347-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of long-term corticosteroids during pregnancy has been growing over the past decades. Corticosteroids can be given when an auto-inflammatory disease like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is too active. Several studies have shown that long-term corticosteroids use in pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal adverse outcomes, like preeclampsia, shorter gestational age, lower birth weight, and rapid catch-up growth. These last two outcomes could influence the insulin resistance later in life. Our objective was to investigate whether prednisone use in pregnant women with RA induces insulin resistance in offspring. METHODS One hundred three children were included after their mother had participated in a prospective cohort study on RA and pregnancy. Forty-two children were in utero exposed to prednisone and 61 were non-exposed. To assess insulin resistance, we measured homeostasis model of assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and serum adiponectin and lipid levels, corrected for body fat distribution. RESULTS An average of 6 mg prednisone on a daily use gave no difference in mean HOMA-IR (SD) between the children who were prednisone-exposed in utero (1.10 (0.84)) and those non-exposed (1.09 (0.49)). No difference was found in mean adiponectin level, body fat distribution, or lipid levels such as total cholesterol, fasting triglyceride, or high-density lipoprotein. CONCLUSION Children who are prednisone-exposed in utero (low dose) have no increased risk for insulin resistance at the age of approximately 7 years. These findings are reassuring because the prednisone use during pregnancy is increasing worldwide. Further research has to be performed to evaluate if the insulin resistance remains absent in the future. Key Points • What is already known on this topic-long-term corticosteroids use in pregnancy is associated with fetal adverse outcomes, like lower birth weight and rapid catch-up growth which can influence the insulin resistance later in life. • What this study adds-long-term corticosteroids use in pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis has no increased risk for insulin resistance in the offspring. • How this study might affect research, practice, or policy-findings are reassuring because prednisone use during pregnancy is increasing worldwide. Further research should evaluate if the insulin resistance remains absent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radboud J E M Dolhain
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M W Hazes
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, Postbus 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
- Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Menezes VAD, Torres W, Mesquita EDDL, Chagas LGDM, Morano AEVA, Urban JB, Avelar A, Christofaro DGD, Fernandes RA. Impact of sports participation on components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents: ABCD growth study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:443-450. [PMID: 35026881 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the impact of sports participation (12 months of practice) on the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in both sexes. METHODS This is an observational longitudinal study, a part of which is entitled "Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth" (ABCD Growth Study), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil. The sample was composed of 171 adolescents (112 boys and 59 girls), divided into non-sports and sports groups. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, and glucose were analyzed by the colorimetric method of dry chemistry and processed biochemically. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured using an automatic device. Body fat was estimated using a densitometry scanner. RESULTS Adolescents who practiced sports were younger (p-value=0.001) and had a lower peak height velocity (p-value=0.001) than the non-sports group. The differences (Δ) after 12 months were of greater magnitude for the sports group when compared to the non-sports group (p-value=0.013), glucose (moderate magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value=0.001), HDL-c (small magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value=0.0015), and MetS (moderate magnitude in favor of the sports group; p-value=0.001). CONCLUSIONS The practice of sports in adolescents had a protective effect on the metabolic components of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Alves de Menezes
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wesley Torres
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Duarte de Lima Mesquita
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gabriel de Moraes Chagas
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa von Ah Morano
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Bexiga Urban
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ademar Avelar
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Diego Giuliano Destro Christofaro
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Romulo Araujo Fernandes
- Laboratory of InVestigation in Exercise - LIVE, Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Al-Daghri NM, Amer OE, Hameidi A, Alfawaz H, Alharbi M, Khattak MNK, Alnaami AM, Aljohani NJ, Alkhaldi G, Wani K, Sabico S. Effects of a 12-Month Hybrid (In-Person + Virtual) Education Program in the Glycemic Status of Arab Youth. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091759. [PMID: 35565727 PMCID: PMC9103307 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This 12-month school-based intervention study investigated the effects of hybrid educational lifestyle modifications on glycemic control among Saudi youth with different glycemic statuses. A total of 2600 Arab adolescents aged 12−18 years were recruited from 60 randomly selected schools. Anthropometrics, blood glucose, and HbA1c were measured pre- and post-intervention. Participants were grouped according to baseline HbA1c into normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups. All participants received lifestyle education at base line and at every 3-month interval to improve diet and exercise behavior. Diabetic and prediabetic participants received a tailored lifestyle intervention. Post-intervention, 643 participants were analyzed as follows: 20 participants from the diabetes group, 39 from prediabetes, and 584 from the normal group. A modest but significant improvement in the glycemic status of diabetic and prediabetic participants was observed, but not in the normal group. In the diabetes group, 11 (55%) participants achieved normal HbA1c levels, 5 had prediabetes levels, and only 4 remained within diabetes HbA1c levels. In the prediabetes group, 34 (87.2%) participants achieved normal HbA1c levels, while 2 (5.1%) participants remained prediabetic and 3 (7.7%) had diabetes HbA1c levels (p < 0.001). This hybrid lifestyle intervention program modestly reduces the risk of T2DM among youth with elevated HbA1c levels. The challenge of sustaining interest in adopting lifestyle changes for a longer duration should be addressed in further studies in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-114675939; Fax: +966-114675931
| | - Osama E. Amer
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Hanan Alfawaz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Alharbi
- Diabetes Centres and Units Administration, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Malak N. K. Khattak
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Abdullah M. Alnaami
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Naji J. Aljohani
- Obesity Endocrine and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ghadah Alkhaldi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (O.E.A.); (M.N.K.K.); (A.M.A.); (K.W.); (S.S.)
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Cao B, Chen Y, Brietzke E, Cha D, Shaukat A, Pan Z, Park C, Subramaniapillai M, Zuckerman H, Grant K, Mansur RB, McIntyre RS. Leptin and adiponectin levels in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 238:101-110. [PMID: 29870819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore differences in adipokine levels (i.e., leptin and adiponectin levels) between adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC), and to discuss the possible role of adipokine regulation in the development and progression of MDD. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted for all English and Chinese peer-reviewed articles from inception to November 2017. A random effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) of leptin and/or adiponectin levels in subjects diagnosed with MDD versus HC within a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included in this meta-analysis. In total, 4,372 (52.3%) subjects with MDD and 3,984 (47.7%) HC were compared. We identified significant lower adiponectin levels in MDD compared to HC with a small effect size (ES) (SMD = -0.25; 95% CI: -0.48, -0.02; P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in leptin levels between MDD subjects and HC (SMD = 0.13; 95% CI: -0.06, 0.31; P = 0.170). The heterogeneity in the results of our meta-analysis could not be completely explained by dividing subjects into subgroups. Results from subgroup analyses suggested that studies involving samples with BMI ≥ 25 had lower adiponectin levels in subjects with MDD compared to HC, and older age samples (i.e., age ≥ 40) with BMI ≥ 25 had both higher leptin levels and lower adiponectin levels in MDD subjects as compared to HC. LIMITATIONS The heterogeneity of included studies, small sample sizes, and potential publication bias were significant limitations. CONCLUSIONS The current systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that lower adiponectin levels may be associated with MDD. Moreover, the results suggest that males expressing lower adiponectin and leptin levels have an increased likelihood of developing MDD. Future studies should aim to investigate the manifestation of depressive phenotypes in older, obese populations with altered metabolic profiles resulting from adipokine dysregulation. The review has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42018082733).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cao
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yan Chen
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cha
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aisha Shaukat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zihang Pan
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Caroline Park
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Hannah Zuckerman
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kiran Grant
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Khabour OF, Abu-Rumeh L, Al-Jarrah M, Jamous M, Alhashimi F. Association of adiponectin protein and ADIPOQ gene variants with lumbar disc degeneration. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1340-1344. [PMID: 25187851 PMCID: PMC4151636 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a widespread public health problem that may lead to disability and loss of productivity. Adiponectin is an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue and has been shown to be involved in cartilage homeostasis. In the present study, the association between the rs266729 (−11377C/G) and rs2241766 (45T/G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) and LDD was investigated. In addition, the correlation between the plasma adiponectin level and LDD was examined. A total of 289 subjects, 168 patients with LDD and 122 healthy individuals, were recruited in the study. All subjects were genotyped for rs266729 and rs2241766 SNPs using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Circulating levels of adiponectin protein were measured using the ELISA technique. A strong association was found between adiponectin level and LDD (P<0.01), where high levels of adiponectin were found in patients compared with healthy controls. The increase in adiponectin level was not affected by gender. However, no significant differences were found in the genotype distribution or allelic frequency of the two examined polymorphisms between patients with LDD and healthy controls (P>0.05). In conclusion, adiponectin appears to be elevated in patients with LDD. The rs266729 and rs2241766 SNPs in the ADIPOQ gene are not associated with LDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Lama Abu-Rumeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Muhammed Al-Jarrah
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Jamous
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Farah Alhashimi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Ochiai H, Shirasawa T, Nishimura R, Nanri H, Ohtsu T, Hoshino H, Tajima N, Kokaze A. Abdominal obesity and serum adiponectin complexes among population-based elementary school children in Japan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2014; 14:81. [PMID: 24670108 PMCID: PMC3986877 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are a limited number of studies regarding the association between abdominal obesity and serum adiponectin complexes (high, medium, and low molecular weight adiponectins) among population-based elementary school children, especially in Japan, where blood collection is not usually performed during annual health examinations of school children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between abdominal obesity and serum adiponectin complexes among population-based elementary school children in Japan. Methods Subjects were all the fourth-grade school children (9 or 10 years of age) in the town of Ina during 2005–2008 (N = 1675). The height, weight, percent body fat, and waist circumference (WC) of each subject were measured. Blood samples were drawn from subjects to measure adiponectin isoform values. Childhood abdominal obesity was defined as “a waist-to-height ratio greater than or equal to 0.5” or “a WC greater than or equal to 75 cm”. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the logistic regression model were used to analyze the association between abdominal obesity and each adiponectin isoform value. Results Data from 1654 subjects (846 boys and 808 girls) were analyzed. Adiponectin complexes were lower in the abdominal obesity group than in the non-abdominal obesity group regardless of sex. Abdominal obesity significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) for each adiponectin isoform level less than or equal to the median value in boys; the OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 2.50 (1.59-3.92) for high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW-adn), 2.47 (1.57-3.88) for medium molecular weight adiponectin (MMW-adn), and 1.75 (1.13-2.70) for low molecular weight adiponectin (LMW-adn). In girls, the OR (95% CI) was 1.95 (1.18-3.21) for HMW-adn, 1.40 (0.86-2.28) for MMW-adn, and 1.06 (0.65-1.70) for LMW-adn. Conclusions Abdominal obesity was associated with lower adiponectin complexes and the influence of abdominal obesity varied by adiponectin isoform. Furthermore, the impact of abdominal obesity was larger in boys than in girls. The present study results suggest that prevention of abdominal obesity could contribute to the prevention of lower adiponectin levels, especially in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Ochiai
- Department of Public Health, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
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Barbero A, Astiz S, Lopez-Bote CJ, Perez-Solana ML, Ayuso M, Garcia-Real I, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Maternal malnutrition and offspring sex determine juvenile obesity and metabolic disorders in a swine model of leptin resistance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78424. [PMID: 24205230 PMCID: PMC3813450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine, in a swine model of leptin resistance, the effects of type and timing of maternal malnutrition on growth patterns, adiposity and metabolic features of the progeny when exposed to an obesogenic diet during their juvenile development and possible concomitant effects of the offspring sex. Thus, four groups were considered. A CONTROL group involved pigs born from sows fed with a diet fulfilling their daily maintenance requirements for pregnancy. The treated groups involved the progeny of females fed with the same diet but fulfilling either 160% or 50% of pregnancy requirements during the entire gestation (OVERFED and UNDERFED, respectively) or 100% of requirements until Day 35 of pregnancy and 50% of such amount from Day 36 onwards (LATE-UNDERFED). OVERFED and UNDERFED offspring were more prone to higher corpulence and fat deposition from early postnatal stages, during breast-feeding; adiposity increased significantly when exposed to obesogenic diets, especially in females. The effects of sex were even more remarkable in LATE-UNDERFED offspring, which had similar corpulence to CONTROL piglets; however, females showed a clear predisposition to obesity. Furthermore, the three groups of pigs with maternal malnutrition showed evidences of metabolic syndrome and, in the case of individuals born from OVERFED sows, even of insulin resistance and the prodrome of type-2 diabetes. These findings support the main role of early nutritional programming in the current rise of obesity and associated diseases in ethnics with leptin resistance.
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Khabour OF, Wehaibi SH, Al-Azzam SI, Alzoubi KH, El-Akawi ZJ. Association of adiponectin with hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients: the gender effect. Clin Exp Hypertens 2012; 35:361-6. [PMID: 23057719 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2012.732645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine involved in the regulation of body metabolism and immune response. Circulating levels and/or activity of adiponectin were reported to influence susceptibility to several diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. In this study, serum adiponectin levels and the association of adiponectin gene (ADIPQO) single-nucleotide polymorphism (G276T SNP) with hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients were examined. Type 2 diabetic patients (n = 449) were recruited and divided into two groups, normotensive (n = 199) and hypertensive (n = 250). Results demonstrated that serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in normotensive subjects compared with hypertensive subjects (P < .05). When these results were compared according to gender, only female hypertensive diabetic patients showed significantly higher levels of adiponectin (P < .05). In addition, no significant difference in the genotypes and alleles frequencies of ADIPQO G276T SNP was observed between the two groups (P > .05). In conclusion, high circulating levels of adiponectin were found to be associated with hypertension only in type 2 diabetic female patients which might indicate a gender preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
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