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Elzahabi HSA, Nossier ES, Khalifa NM, Alasfoury RA, El-Manawaty MA. Anticancer evaluation and molecular modeling of multi-targeted kinase inhibitors based pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:546-557. [PMID: 29482389 PMCID: PMC6009920 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1437729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of substituted pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines was carried out and evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity against five cancer cell lines, namely hepatic cancer (HepG-2), prostate cancer (PC-3), colon cancer (HCT-116), breast cancer (MCF-7), and lung cancer (A-549) cell lines. Regarding HepG-2, PC-3, HCT-116 cancer cell lines, 7-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-methyl-5-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-5-(p-tolyl)- pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (5a) exhibited strong, more potent anticancer (IC50: 0.3, 6.6 and 7 µM) relative to the standard doxorubicin (IC50: 0.6, 6.8 and 12.8 µM), respectively. Kinase inhibitory assessment of 5a showed promising inhibitory activity against three kinases namely PDGFR β, EGFR, and CDK4/cyclin D1 at two concentrations 50 and 100 µM in single measurements. Further, a molecular docking study for compound 5a was performed to verify the binding mode towards the EGFR and CDK4/cyclin D1 kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S. A. Elzahabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagy M. Khalifa
- Drug Exploration & Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania A. Alasfoury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May A. El-Manawaty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Science Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Banks TM, Clay SF, Glover SA, Schumacher RR. Mutagenicity of N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides as an indicator of DNA intercalation part 1: evidence for naphthalene as a DNA intercalator. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3699-714. [PMID: 26958784 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
N-Acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides are direct-acting mutagens in S. typhimurium TA100 with a linear dependence upon log P that maximises at log P0 = 6.4. Eight N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides (2-9) bearing a naphthalene group on any of the three side-chains and with log P0 < 6.4 have been demonstrated to be significantly and uniformly more mutagenic towards S. typhimurium TA100 than 50 mutagens without naphthalene. The activity enhancement of 2-9 is likely due to intercalative binding of naphthalene to bacterial DNA as a number are also active in TA98, a frame-shift strain of S. typhimurium, which is modified by intercalators. DNA damage profiles for naphthalene-bearing mutagens confirm enhanced reactivity with DNA when naphthalene is incorporated and a different binding mode when compared to mutagens without naphthalene. The effect is independent of whether the naphthalene is attached to an electron-donating alkyl or electron-withdrawing acyl group, alkyl tether length or, in the case of 6 and 7, the point of attachment to naphthalene. A new quantitative structure activity relationship has been constructed for all 58 congeners incorporating log P and an indicator variable, I, for the presence (I = 1) or absence (I = 0) of naphthalene and from which the activity enhancing effect of a naphthalene has been quantified at between three and four log P units. Contrary to conventional views, simple naphthalene groups could target molecules to DNA through intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony M Banks
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Samuel F Clay
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Stephen A Glover
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - Rhiannon R Schumacher
- Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
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Al-Mudaris ZA, Majid ASA, Ji D, Al-Mudarris BA, Chen SH, Liang PH, Osman H, Jamal Din SKK, Abdul Majid AMS. Conjugation of benzylvanillin and benzimidazole structure improves DNA binding with enhanced antileukemic properties. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80983. [PMID: 24260527 PMCID: PMC3829952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl-o-vanillin and benzimidazole nucleus serve as important pharmacophore in drug discovery. The benzyl vanillin (2-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) compound shows anti-proliferative activity in HL60 leukemia cancer cells and can effect cell cycle progression at G2/M phase. Its apoptosis activity was due to disruption of mitochondrial functioning. In this study, we have studied a series of compounds consisting of benzyl vanillin and benzimidazole structures. We hypothesize that by fusing these two structures we can produce compounds that have better anticancer activity with improved specificity particularly towards the leukemia cell line. Here we explored the anticancer activity of three compounds namely 2-(2-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole, 2MP, N-1-(2-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-2-(2-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole, 2XP, and (R) and (S)-1-(2-benzyloxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2, 2, 2-trichloroethyl benzenesulfonate, 3BS and compared their activity to 2-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, (Bn1), the parent compound. 2XP and 3BS induces cell death of U937 leukemic cell line through DNA fragmentation that lead to the intrinsic caspase 9 activation. DNA binding study primarily by the equilibrium binding titration assay followed by the Viscosity study reveal the DNA binding through groove region with intrinsic binding constant 7.39 µM/bp and 6.86 µM/bp for 3BS and 2XP respectively. 2XP and 3BS showed strong DNA binding activity by the UV titration method with the computational drug modeling showed that both 2XP and 3BS failed to form any electrostatic linkages except via hydrophobic interaction through the minor groove region of the nucleic acid. The benzylvanillin alone (Bn1) has weak anticancer activity even after it was combined with the benzimidazole (2MP), but after addition of another benzylvanillin structure (2XP), stronger activity was observed. Also, the combination of benzylvanillin with benzenesulfonate (3BS) significantly improved the anticancer activity of Bn1. The present study provides a new insight of benzyl vanillin derivatives as potential anti-leukemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zena A. Al-Mudaris
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Aman S. A. Majid
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Dan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R.China
| | - Ban A. Al-Mudarris
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bandar Putra Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
- College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Shih-Hsun Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Huang Liang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hasnah Osman
- School of Chemical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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Khan GS, Shah A, Zia-ur-Rehman, Barker D. Chemistry of DNA minor groove binding agents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 115:105-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Conrad ML, Enman JE, Scales SJ, Zhang H, Vogels CM, Saleh MT, Decken A, Westcott SA. Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicities of platinum(II) complexes bearing pyridinecarboxaldimines containing bulky aromatic groups. Inorganica Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2004.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Charmantray F, Demeunynck M, Carrez D, Croisy A, Lansiaux A, Bailly C, Colson P. 4-Hydroxymethyl-3-aminoacridine derivatives as a new family of anticancer agents. J Med Chem 2003; 46:967-77. [PMID: 12620073 DOI: 10.1021/jm020389w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3-Amino- and 3-alkylamino-4-hydroxymethylacridines bearing various substituents on the C ring have been prepared by regioselective electrophilic aromatic substitution of the corresponding 3-aminoacridines and ring opening of the dihydrooxazinoacridine key intermediates. Most of the new compounds show potent cytotoxic activities against murine L1210 (leukemia), human A549 (lung), and HT29 (colon) cancer cell lines. The most cytotoxic molecules, 1 and 13, are active at nanomolar concentrations. As predicted for acridine derivatives, the new compounds intercalate in DNA, but interestingly they do not interfere with topoisomerase I and II activities. The mode of action remains uncertain because intracellular distribution indicated very different behaviors for 1 and 13. Compound 13 is uniformly distributed in the cell both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, whereas compound 1 is essentially localized in cytoplasmic granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Charmantray
- LEDSS, UMR CNRS 5616, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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