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Dashti Y, Errington J. Chemistry and biology of specialized metabolites produced by Actinomadura. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:370-401. [PMID: 38099919 PMCID: PMC10951976 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2022In recent years rare Actinobacteria have become increasingly recognised as a rich source of novel bioactive metabolites. Actinomadura are Gram-positive bacteria that occupy a wide range of ecological niches. This review highlights about 230 secondary metabolites produced by Actinomadura spp., reported until the end of 2022, including their bioactivities and selected biosynthetic pathways. Notably, the bioactive compounds produced by Actinomadura spp. demonstrate a wide range of activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor and anticoccidial effects, highlighting their potential in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Dashti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia.
| | - Jeff Errington
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2015, Australia.
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2
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Novel securinine derivatives as topoisomerase I based antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:149-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Kundu N, Roy A, Banik D, Sarkar N. Unveiling the Mode of Interaction of Berberine Alkaloid in Different Supramolecular Confined Environments: Interplay of Surface Charge between Nano-Confined Charged Layer and DNA. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:1106-20. [PMID: 26756221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this Article, we demonstrate a detailed characterization of binding interaction of berberine chloride (BBCl) with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) in buffer solution as well as in two differently charged reverse micelles (RMs). The photophyscial properties of this alkaloid have been modulated within these microheterogeneous bioassemblies. The mode of binding of this alkaloid with DNA is of debate to date. However, fluorescence spectroscopic measurements, circular dichroism (CD) measurement, and temperature-dependent study unambiguously establish that BBCl partially intercalates into the DNA base pairs. The nonplanarity imposed by partial saturation in their structure causes the nonclassical types of intercalation into DNA. Besides the intercalation, electrostatic interactions also play a significant role in the binding between BBCl and DNA. DNA structure turns into a condensed form after encapsulation into RMs, which is followed by the CD spectra and microscopy study. The probe location and dynamics in the nanopool of the RMs depended on the electrostatic interaction between the charged surfactants and cationic berberine. The structural alteration of CT-DNA from B form to condensed form and the interplay of surface charge between RMs and DNA determine the interaction between the alkaloid and DNA in RMs. Time-resolved study and fluorescence anisotropy measurements successfully provide the binding interaction of BBCl in the nanopool of the RMs in the absence and in the presence of DNA. This study motivates us to judge further the potential applicability of this alkaloid in other biological systems or other biomimicking organized assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, WB India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, WB India
| | - Debasis Banik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, WB India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, WB India
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4
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Khadka DB, Cho WJ. Topoisomerase inhibitors as anticancer agents: a patent update. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1033-56. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.790958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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5
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Pan X, Hartley JM, Hartley JA, White KN, Wang Z, Bligh SWA. Evodiamine, a dual catalytic inhibitor of type I and II topoisomerases, exhibits enhanced inhibition against camptothecin resistant cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:618-624. [PMID: 22402246 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes that are the targets for several anticancer drugs. In this study we investigated the antiproliferative activity against human leukaemia cell lines and the effects on topoisomerase I and II of evodiamine, which is a quinazolinocarboline alkaloid isolated from the fruit of a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Evodia rutaecarpa. We report here the anti-proliferative activity against human leukaemia cells K562, THP-1, CCRF-CEM and CCRF-CEM/C1 and the inhibitory mechanism on human topoisomerases I and II, important anti-cancer drugs targets, of evodiamine. Evodiamine failed to trap [Topo-DNA] complexes and induce any detectable DNA damage in cells, was unable to bind or intercalate DNA, and arrested cells in the G(2)/M phase. The results suggest evodiamine is a dual catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerases I and II, with IC(50) of 60.74 and 78.81 μM, respectively. The improved toxicity towards camptothecin resistant cells further supports its inhibitory mechanism which is different from camptothecin, and its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Pan
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, London, UK
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Ayerbe N, Routier S, Gillaizeau I, Maiereanu C, Caignard DH, Pierré A, Léonce S, Coudert G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel benzodioxinocarbazoles (BDCZs) as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4670-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Singh S, McCoy JG, Zhang C, Bingman CA, Phillips GN, Thorson JS. Structure and mechanism of the rebeccamycin sugar 4'-O-methyltransferase RebM. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:22628-36. [PMID: 18502766 PMCID: PMC2504894 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m800503200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2.65-angstroms crystal structure of the rebeccamycin 4'-O-methyltransferase RebM in complex with S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine revealed RebM to adopt a typical S-adenosylmethionine-binding fold of small molecule O-methyltransferases (O-MTases) and display a weak dimerization domain unique to MTases. Using this structure as a basis, the RebM substrate binding model implicated a predominance of nonspecific hydrophobic interactions consistent with the reported ability of RebM to methylate a wide range of indolocarbazole surrogates. This model also illuminated the three putative RebM catalytic residues (His140/141 and Asp166) subsequently found to be highly conserved among sequence-related natural product O-MTases from GC-rich bacteria. Interrogation of these residues via site-directed mutagenesis in RebM demonstrated His140 and Asp166 to be most important for catalysis. This study reveals RebM to be a member of the general acid/base-dependent O-MTases and, as the first crystal structure for a sugar O-MTase, may also present a template toward the future engineering of natural product MTases for combinatorial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanteri Singh
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA
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Knölker HJ, Reddy KR. Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Carbazole Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(07)00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Xu GQ, Guo P, Zhang C, He QJ, Yang B, Hu YZ. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Indolopyrrolemaleimides. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1302-7. [PMID: 17827752 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of indolopyrrolemaleimides have been synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity in vitro against human leukemia cell line and four human solid cancer cell lines. Some of the compounds showed high or mediate activity against the lines. 6dc is the most promising compound among them. The inhibition toward topoisomerase I was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Qing Xu
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Akao A, Nonoyama N, Mase T, Yasuda N. Development of Large-Scale Preparations of Indole Derivatives: Evaluation of Potential Thermal Hazards and Studies of Reaction Kinetics and Mechanisms. Org Process Res Dev 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/op060150f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Akao
- Process Research, Preclinical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan, and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Nobuaki Nonoyama
- Process Research, Preclinical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan, and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Toshiaki Mase
- Process Research, Preclinical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan, and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Nobuyoshi Yasuda
- Process Research, Preclinical Development, Merck Research Laboratories, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan, and Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
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Sánchez C, Méndez C, Salas JA. Indolocarbazole natural products: occurrence, biosynthesis, and biological activity. Nat Prod Rep 2006; 23:1007-45. [PMID: 17119643 DOI: 10.1039/b601930g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The indolocarbazole family of natural products, including the biosynthetically related bisindolylmaleimides, is reviewed (with 316 references cited). The isolation of indolocarbazoles from natural sources and the biosynthesis of this class of compounds are thoroughly reviewed, including recent developments in molecular genetics, enzymology and metabolic engineering. The biological activities and underlying modes of action displayed by natural and synthetic indolocarbazoles is also presented, with an emphasis on the development of analogs that have entered clinical trials for its future use against cancer or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional & Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (I.U.O.P.A.), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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Hurwitz HI, Cohen RB, McGovren JP, Hirawat S, Petros WP, Natsumeda Y, Yoshinari T. A phase I study of the safety and pharmacokinetics of edotecarin (J-107088), a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2006; 59:139-47. [PMID: 16819636 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-006-0267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the maximum tolerated dose, safety, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of escalating doses of the novel topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitor edotecarin (J-107088) given as a 2-h intravenous (IV) infusion once every 21 days in patients with advanced solid tumors who had not responded to standard therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients (18M:11F) received a 2-h IV infusion of edotecarin in doses of 6, 8, 11, 13, or 15 mg/m(2) every 21 days (with an additional 1-2 weeks permitted for recovery) and were evaluated for safety, PK, and tumor response. RESULTS The most common non-hematologic toxicities were grade 1-2 nausea, fatigue, anorexia, vomiting, and fever. The most common hematologic toxicities were grade 1-2 thrombocytopenia and grade 3-4 neutropenia, leukopenia, and anemia. No grade 3-4 diarrhea was reported. Dose-limiting toxicities were observed in four patients at the 15 mg/m(2) dose and one patient at the 13 mg/m(2) dose. These toxicities included grade 3 nausea, vomiting, headache, and fatigue, as well as grade 4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia. The maximum tolerated dose was declared at 15 mg/m(2). One patient with bladder cancer had a confirmed partial response at a dose of 13 mg/m(2). There was a trend to dose-proportional increases in edotecarin peak plasma concentrations and area under the curve values. Renal excretion of edotecarin was minimal (3-8% of the dose). CONCLUSION The recommended Phase II dose of edotecarin is 13 mg/m(2) once every 21 days. The toxicities in this study were those typical of cytotoxic chemotherapy and less severe than those associated with other topo I inhibitors. The observed safety profile and preliminary evidence of clinical benefit warrant further investigation of this drug as monotherapy or part of combination therapy in patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert I Hurwitz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, P.O. Box 3052, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Zhang C, Albermann C, Fu X, Peters NR, Chisholm JD, Zhang G, Gilbert EJ, Wang PG, Van Vranken DL, Thorson JS. RebG- and RebM-Catalyzed Indolocarbazole Diversification. Chembiochem 2006; 7:795-804. [PMID: 16575939 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200500504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rebeccamycin and staurosporine represent two broad classes of indolocarbazole glycoside natural products with antitumor properties. Based upon previous sequence annotation and in vivo studies, rebG encodes for the rebeccamycin N-glucosyltransferase, and rebM for the requisite 4'-O-methyltransferase. In the current study, an efficient in vivo biotransformation system for RebG was established in both Streptomyces lividans and Escherichia coli. Bioconversion experiments revealed RebG to glucosylate a set of indolocarbazole surrogates, the products of which could be further modified by in vitro RebM-catalyzed 4'-O-methylation. Both RebG and RebM displayed substrate promiscuity, and evidence for a remarkable lack of RebG regioselectivity in the presence of asymmetric substrates is also provided. In the context of the created indolocarbazole analogues, cytotoxicity assays also highlight the importance of 4'-O-methylation for their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Zhang
- Laboratory for Biosynthetic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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14
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Highly chemoselective reduction using a Rh/C–Fe(OAc)2 system: practical synthesis of functionalized indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.11.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Pelly SC, Parkinson CJ, van Otterlo WAL, de Koning CB. Metathesis Reactions for the Synthesis of Ring-Fused Carbazoles. J Org Chem 2005; 70:10474-81. [PMID: 16323860 DOI: 10.1021/jo051826s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reactions: see text] The metathesis reaction is used as a key step for the synthesis of the indolo[2,3-a]carbazole core of rebeccamycin 13 and the sulfur analog of furostifoline 21. Using the same methodology for the attempted synthesis of furostifoline, we unexpectedly formed tert-butyl-2a-methyl-1,2,2a,10c-tetrahydro-6H-cyclobuta[c]furo[3,2-a]carbazole-6-carboxylate 26 from the unstable diene, tert-butyl 2-(2-isopropenyl-3-furyl)-3-vinyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate 25, presumably via a spontaneous pi8 electrocyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Pelly
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, P.O. Wits, 2050 South Africa
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16
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Fröhner W, Monse B, Braxmeier TM, Casiraghi L, Sahagún H, Seneci P. Regiospecific Synthesis of Mono-N-substituted Indolopyrrolocarbazoles. Org Lett 2005; 7:4573-6. [PMID: 16209482 DOI: 10.1021/ol051550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reactions: see text] Two complementary and efficient strategies have been developed for the regiospecific synthesis of unsymmetrical indolopyrrolocarbazoles (IPCs) mono-N-substituted with a pentacycle. A halogen in position 2 of the intermediate bisindolylmaleimides 3a-e allows a selective Mitsunobu coupling by exploiting the increased acidity of the 2-chloro-substituted indole nitrogen. It also promotes an easier cyclization of bisindolylmaleimides 4a-e and 7b-e to IPCs. Alkylation of the 2-unsubstituted indole-3-carboxamides 2a,b and further processing to the corresponding IPCs gives access to the opposite regioisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Fröhner
- Chemistry Department, Sirenade Pharmaceuticals AG, Am Klopferspitz 19a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
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17
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Saulnier MG, Langley DR, Frennesson DB, Long BH, Huang S, Gao Q, Wu D, Fairchild CR, Ruediger E, Zimmermann K, St Laurent DR, Balasubramanian BN, Vyas DM. Novel 3‘,6‘-Anhydro and N12,N13-Bridged Glycosylated Fluoroindolo[2,3-a]carbazoles as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors. Fluorine as a Leaving Group from sp3 Carbon. Org Lett 2005; 7:1271-4. [PMID: 15787484 DOI: 10.1021/ol050013n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Both 6'- and 4'-fluoro-glycosylated indolo[2,3-a]carbazoles are substrates for base-induced loss of fluorine as a leaving group from sp3 carbon. In the case of alpha-N-glycosylated substrate 3, loss of fluorine from the 6'-position leads to 3,6-anhydroglucose analogue 1. A novel N12,N13-bridged sugar analogue 2 results from loss of 4'-fluorine from beta-N-glycosylated analogue 4. Both analogues 1 and 2 display topo I inhibitory potencies similar to camptothecin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Saulnier
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, USA.
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Wang J, Soundarajan N, Liu N, Zimmermann K, Naidu BN. Highly convergent synthesis of a rebeccamycin analog with benzothioeno(2,3-a)pyrrolo(3,4-c)carbazole as the aglycone. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Koepler O, Mazzini S, Bellucci MC, Mondelli R, Baro A, Laschat S, Hotfilder M, Viseur C, Frey W. Synthesis and DNA binding properties of novel benzo[b]isoquino[2,3-h]-naphthyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:2848-58. [PMID: 16032363 DOI: 10.1039/b503281d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several benzo[b]isoquino[2,3-h]-naphthyridines have been prepared via formal hetero-Diels Alder reaction of N-aryl imines as a key step. These compounds have different side chains at C-11, and a cis or trans configuration at the C-8a,C-14a ring junction. Binding constants for the interaction with oligonucleotides and polynucleotides were determined by UV absorption and melting experiments. NMR experiments (NOE) revealed that the cis isomers, showing a slightly folded structure, preferentially bind to the minor groove of AT-rich oligomers. In contrast, the trans isomers prefer the CG-rich sequences, leading to cap-complexes with the isoquinoline moiety stacked at the top of the double helix, in agreement with the flatter shape, and with a preference for the 3'-terminals, as found for camptothecins. Models of the complexes were built up by molecular dynamics (MD) calculations, by using the inter-proton distances derived from the NOE values. Cytotoxicity assays against human Ewing sarcoma cell lines RD-ES and CAD-ES1 were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Koepler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Monitor – chemistry. Drug Discov Today 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(04)03130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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DNA Binding Mode of the Isoquinoline Alkaloid Berberine with the Deoxyoligonucleotide d(GCCGTCGTTTTACA)2. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2004. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2004.25.4.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Moreau P, Gaillard N, Marminon C, Anizon F, Dias N, Baldeyrou B, Bailly C, Pierré A, Hickman J, Pfeiffer B, Renard P, Prudhomme M. Semi-synthesis, topoisomerase I and kinases inhibitory properties, and antiproliferative activities of new rebeccamycin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:4871-9. [PMID: 14604648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the course of structure-activity relationship studies, new rebeccamycin derivatives substituted in 3,9-positions on the indolocarbazole framework, and a 2',3'-anhydro derivative were prepared by semi-synthesis from rebeccamycin. The antiproliferative activities against nine tumor cell lines were determined and the effect on the cell cycle of murine leukemia L1210 cells was examined. Their DNA binding properties and inhibitory properties toward topoisomerase I and three kinases PKCzeta, CDK1/cyclin B, CDK5/p25 and a phosphatase cdc25A were evaluated. The 3,9-dihydroxy derivative is the most efficient compound of this series toward CDK1/cyclin B and CDK5/p25. It is also characterized as a DNA binding topoisomerase I poison. Its broad spectrum of molecular activities likely accounts for its cytotoxic potential. This compound which displays a tumor cell line-selectivity may represent a new lead for subsequent drug design in this series of glycosylated indolocarbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Moreau
- Université Blaise Pascal, Synthèse et Etude de Systèmes à Intérêt Biologique, UMR 6504, 63177, Aubière, France
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Anizon F, Moreau P, Sancelme M, Laine W, Bailly C, Prudhomme M. Rebeccamycin analogues bearing amine substituents or other groups on the sugar moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:3709-22. [PMID: 12901916 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the course of structure-activity relationship studies on rebeccamycin analogues, a series of compounds bearing an amino function on the sugar moiety were synthesized with the aim of improving the solubility and interaction with the macromolecular target(s). The syntheses of amino derivatives and the corresponding chloro, iodo and azido intermediates are described. Their interaction with DNA and effects on human DNA topoisomerases I and II were investigated. Their antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Streptomyces chartreusis, a Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli and a yeast Candida albicans were also determined. 6'-Amino compound 7 and 6'-N-methylamino 14 very efficiently inhibit the growth of E. coli. The introduction of an amino group at the 6'-position strongly enhances the capacity of the drugs to interact with DNA but almost abolishes their poisoning effect on topoisomerase I. Unlike the vast majority of rebeccamycin analogues previously studied, the newly designed compounds do not stimulate DNA cleavage by topoisomerase I. The enhanced capacity of the 6'-amino glycosyl rebeccamycin derivatives to bind to DNA likely account for the improved biological profiles. DNA and topoisomerase I represent two independent targets which can both be used for the development of antitumor rebeccamycin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Anizon
- Université Blaise Pascal, Synthèse et Etude de Systèmes à Intérêt Biologique, UMR 6504 du CNRS, 63177, Aubière, France
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Mazzini S, Bellucci MC, Mondelli R. Mode of binding of the cytotoxic alkaloid berberine with the double helix oligonucleotide d(AAGAATTCTT)(2). Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:505-14. [PMID: 12538015 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Berberine, an isoquinoline plant alkaloid, belongs to the structural class of protoberberines. Recently, the ability of these compounds to act as Topoisomerase I or II poisons, was related to the antitumor activity. The binding of protoberberins to DNA has been studied and the partial intercalation into the double helix has been considered responsible for their activity. We have studied the interaction of berberine with the double helix oligonucleotides d(AAGAATTCTT)(2), d(GCGATCGC)(2), d(CGTATACG)(2), d(CGTACG)(2), 5'-d(ACCTTTTTGATGT)-3'/5(ACATCAAAAAGGT)-3' and with the single strand 5'-d(ACATCAAAAAGGT)-3', by 1H, 31P NMR and UV spectroscopy. Phosphorus resonance experiments were performed to detect small conformational changes of the phosphoribose backbone, in the case that an intercalation process occurs. Our data reveal that berberine does not intercalate into the duplexes studied, and binds preferentially to AT rich sequences. The structure of the complex with d(AAGAATTCTT)(2) was determined by using proton 2D NOESY spectra, which allowed to obtain several NOE contacts between the drug and the nucleotide. Structural models were built up by Molecular Mechanics (MM) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) calculations, by using the inter-proton distances derived from the NOE values. Berberine results to be located in the minor groove, lying with the convex side on the helix groove and presenting the positively charged nitrogen atom close to the negative ionic surface of the oligomer. The large 1H chemical shifts variation, observed for the drug when it is added to the above duplexes, as well as to the single strand oligomer, was interpreted with non-specific ionic interactions. The binding constants were measured by UV and NMR spectroscopy. They are strongly affected by the ionic strength and by the self-association process, which commonly occurs with this type of drugs. A dimerisation constant was measured and the value was included in the calculations of the binding constants. The results obtained show that the non-specific ionic interactions represent the major contribution to the values of the binding constants. These parameters, as well as the protons chemical shift variation of the ligand, are thus not diagnostic for the identification of a drug/DNA complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mazzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari Agroalimentari, Sezione di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Bailly C. Homocamptothecins: potent topoisomerase I inhibitors and promising anticancer drugs. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2003; 45:91-108. [PMID: 12482574 DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(02)00090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocamptothecins (hCPTs) represent a new generation of antitumor agents targeting DNA topoisomerase I. The expanded seven-membered lactone E-ring that characterizes hCPTs enhances the plasma stability of the drug and reinforces the inhibition of topoisomerase I compared with conventional six-membered CPTs. hCPTs are more efficient than the CPTs at promoting cleavage at T/G sites and induce additional cleavage at C/G sites. Compound BN80765 and its difluoro analogue diflomotecan (DN80915) are potent cytotoxic agents and efficiently induce apoptosis in tumor cells. They display strong antiproliferative activities against specific tumor types. Diflomotecan is remarkably efficient at inhibiting the growth of human colon cancer cells in vivo and, administered orally, it also shows superior activities against human prostate cancers compared with the benchmark products topotecan (TPT) and irinotecan (IRT). Diflomotecan has entered phase I clinical testing and antitumor activity has been observed in patients. This 9,10-difluoro-hCPTs derivative is one of the most promising new members of the 'tecan' family. This review summarizes the recent discoveries in the topoisomerase I field and presents the different camptothecin (CPT) analogues currently evaluated as anticancer agents. The specific properties of hCPTs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- INSERM UR524, Institut de Recherches sur le Cancer, Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France.
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Goossens JF, Kluza J, Vezin H, Kouach M, Briand G, Baldeyrou B, Wattez N, Bailly C. Plasma stability of two glycosyl indolocarbazole antitumor agents. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 65:25-34. [PMID: 12473375 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01418-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several glycosyl indolocarbazole derivatives have been developed as antitumor agents targeting the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and a few of them were evaluated in clinical trials. The lead drug in the series is compound A which bears a formylamino substituent on the N-imide F-ring. This compound has shown promising antitumor activities in vivo and was tested clinically but it has been recently replaced with a more active analogue, J-107088, bearing a (hydroxymethyl-2-hydroxy) ethylamino substituent on the N-imide F-ring. We have compared the plasma stability of two molecules in this series, compounds A and D, which only differ by the nature of the group on the imide ring. The conversion of the compounds into the anhydride species B was studied by HPLC and the resulting metabolite, formed both in human plasma ultrafiltrate and in water, was characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. Absorption measurements provided a facile method to follow the conversion of compounds A and D into their metabolite product B. Altogether, the experimental data demonstrate that the replacement of the NHCHO substituent of compound A with a hydrophilic NHCH(CH(2)OH)(2) chain preserves the intact imide function that is known to be essential for topoisomerase I inhibition and cytotoxicity. The transformation of compound A into the anhydride metabolite B (or its diacid open form) occurs much more slowly compared to compound D. Half-life parameter t(1/2) of 67 and 245 min(-1) were calculated for compounds A and D, respectively. A molecular modeling analysis, performed to compare the conformation and electronic properties of compounds A and D, offers a rational explanation for the gain of chemical stability of the indolocarbazole derivative D. The data provide important information for the rational design of antitumor indolocarbazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Goossens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Lille 2, 59006 Lille, France
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Marminon C, Facompré M, Bailly C, Hickman J, Pierré A, Pfeiffer B, Renard P, Prudhomme M. Dimers from dechlorinated rebeccamycin: synthesis, interaction with DNA, and antiproliferative activities. Eur J Med Chem 2002; 37:435-40. [PMID: 12008058 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(02)01350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the course of structure-activity relationships on rebeccamycin analogues, two dimers of dechlorinated rebeccamycin were synthesised with the aim to improve the interaction with DNA and in vitro antiproliferative activities. The synthesis of two dimeric compounds obtained by joining two molecules of dechlorinated rebeccamycin via the imide nitrogen is described. Melting temperature and DNase I footprinting studies were performed to investigate their interaction with DNA. Four tumour cell lines, murine L1210 leukaemia, human HT29 colon carcinoma, A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma and K-562 leukaemia, were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the drugs. Their effects on the cell cycle of L1210 cells were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Marminon
- Université Blaise Pascal, Synthèse et Etude de Systèmes à Intérêt Biologique, UMR 6504 du CNRS, F-63177 Aubière, France
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Wang AQ, Zeng W, Musson DG, Rogers JD, Fisher AL. A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/negative ion tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of an indolocarbazole in human plasma using 96-well diatomaceous earth plates for solid-liquid extraction [correction of using internal standard (IS) 96-well diatomaceous earth plates for solid-liquid extraction]. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2002; 16:975-981. [PMID: 11968130 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the quantitation of a novel topoisomerase I inhibitor (indolocarbazole derivative I) in human plasma was developed to support clinical studies. Drug and internal standard were isolated from plasma by solid-liquid extraction using 96-well diatomaceous earth plates. Various extraction solvents were evaluated for extraction of I and 9% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) in methyl-tert-butyl ether (MtBE) was chosen as the optimal extraction solvent. The sensitivity of this LC/MS/MS method is 10x higher in negative ion mode using alkaline conditions than in positive ion mode using a wide range of pH's. A mobile phase with 2 mM ammonium hydroxide enhanced the sensitivity in negative ion mode over other volatile bases. The calibration curve for compound I is linear over the range 0.05-200 ng/mL in plasma and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of the assay is 0.05 ng/mL, when 0.25 mL of plasma is processed. The method was fully validated and successfully applied to plasma samples from clinical studies. Performing chromatography at high pH, for enhanced negative ion sensitivity, eliminates the need for post-column addition of base. Furthermore, the 96-well diatomaceous earth plate extraction offers the following advantages over liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) or solid-phase extraction (SPE): clean sample extracts with reduced sample preparation time; increased sample throughput; no conditioning or washing steps; and a neutral eluate applicable to acid/base labile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Q Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Merck Research Laboratories, WP75A-303, P.O. Box 4, West Point, PA 19486-0004, USA.
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Akao A, Hiraga S, Iida T, Kamatani A, Kawasaki M, Mase T, Nemoto T, Satake N, Weissman SA, Tschaen DM, Rossen K, Petrillo D, Reamer RA, Volante R. Practical synthesis of a potent indolocarbazole-based, DNA topoisomerase inhibitor. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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