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Akinpelu A, Akinsipe T, Avila LA, Arnold RD, Mistriotis P. The impact of tumor microenvironment: unraveling the role of physical cues in breast cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:823-844. [PMID: 38238542 PMCID: PMC11156564 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the vast majority of breast cancer-related fatalities. Although the contribution of genetic and epigenetic modifications to breast cancer progression has been widely acknowledged, emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of physical stimuli in driving breast cancer metastasis. In this review, we summarize the changes in the mechanics of the breast cancer microenvironment and describe the various forces that impact migrating and circulating tumor cells throughout the metastatic process. We also discuss the mechanosensing and mechanotransducing molecules responsible for promoting the malignant phenotype in breast cancer cells. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the mechanobiology of breast cancer carries substantial potential to propel progress in prognosis, diagnosis, and patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuba Akinpelu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Tosin Akinsipe
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - L Adriana Avila
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Panagiotis Mistriotis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Montico F, Lamas CDA, Rossetto IMU, Baseggio AM, Cagnon VHA. Lobe-specific responses of TRAMP mice dorsolateral prostate following celecoxib and nintedanib therapy. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:379-403. [PMID: 37335420 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Delayed cancer progression in the ventral prostate of the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) model has been previously reported upon celecoxib and nintedanib co-administration. Herein, we sought to further investigate the effects of these drugs association in some of their direct molecular targets (COX-2, VEGF and VEGFR-2) and in reactive stroma markers (TGF-β, αSMA, vimentin and pro-collagen 1) in the dorsolateral prostate, looking for lobe-specific responses. Male TRAMP mice were treated with celecoxib (10 mg/Kg, i.o.) and/or nintedanib (15 mg/Kg, i.o.) for 6 weeks and prostate was harvested for morphological and protein expression analyses. Results showed that combined therapy resulted in unique antitumor effects in dorsolateral prostate, especially due to the respective stromal or epithelial antiproliferative actions of these drugs, which altogether led to a complete inversion in high-grade (HGPIN) versus low-grade (LGPIN) premalignant lesion incidences in relation to controls. At the molecular level, this duality in drug action was paralleled by the differential down/upregulation of TGF-β signaling by celecoxib/nintedanib, thus leading to associated changes in stroma composition towards regression or quiescence, respectively. Additionally, combined therapy was able to promote decreased expression of inflammatory (COX-2) and angiogenesis (VEGF/VEGFR-2) mediators. Overall, celecoxib and nintedanib association provided enhanced antitumor effects in TRAMP dorsolateral as compared to former registers in ventral prostate, thus demonstrating lobe-specific responses of this combined chemoprevention approach. Among these responses, we highlight the ability in promoting TGF-β signaling and its associated stromal maturation/stabilization, thus yielding a more quiescent stromal milieu and resulting in greater epithelial proliferation impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Montico
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil.
| | - Celina de Almeida Lamas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
| | - Andressa Mara Baseggio
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Valéria Helena Alves Cagnon
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Bertrand Russell Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-865, Brazil
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Yu L, Xu J, Qiao R, Han B, Zhong H, Zhong R. Efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as second-line and subsequent therapy in advanced small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5372-5383. [PMID: 36250532 PMCID: PMC10028028 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Treatments for advanced small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients who are resistant to first-line chemotherapy are limited. Given that antiangiogenic agents and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can confer synergistic therapeutic benefits, combination therapy should be considered. We explored the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with anlotinib and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors as second-line and subsequent therapy for advanced SCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed advanced SCLC patients at Shanghai Chest Hospital who had received anlotinib in combination with ICIs from November 2016 to November 2020 as second- and subsequent-line treatment. Patients with advanced SCLC who had received paclitaxel monotherapy as second-line treatment were included as the control group. RESULTS A total of 141 patients were included in the final analysis (40 in the combination therapy group and 101 in the paclitaxel monotherapy group). The median progression-free survival (PFS) times for the combination therapy and paclitaxel monotherapy groups were 3.40 and 2.83 months (p = 0.022), respectively, while the median overall survival (OS) times for the combination therapy and paclitaxel monotherapy groups were 8.20 and 5.87 months (p = 0.048), respectively. Hypertension and hepatic dysfunction were the most pronounced adverse events of combination therapy and two patients changed regimens due to severe fatigue and anorexia. CONCLUSION The combination of anlotinib and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has promising efficacy and safety as a second-line or subsequent therapy for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlin Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Qiao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runbo Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Liang Q, Zhou L, Li Y, Liu J, Liu Y. Nano drug delivery system reconstruct tumour vasculature for the tumour vascular normalisation. J Drug Target 2021; 30:119-130. [PMID: 33960252 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1927056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal structure and function of blood vessels in the TME are obvious characteristics of the tumour. Abnormal blood vessels with high leakage support the occurrence of malignant tumours and increase the possibility of tumour cell invasion and metastasis. The formation of abnormal vascular also enhances immunosuppression and prevents the delivery of chemotherapy drugs to deeper tumours. Therefore, the normalisation of tumour blood vessels is a very promising approach to improve anti-tumour efficacy, aiming to restore the structural integrity of vessels and improve drug delivery efficiency and anti-tumour immunity. In this review, we have summarised strategies to improve cancer treatment that via nano drug delivery technology regulates the normalisation of tumour blood vessels. The treatment strategies related to the structure and function of tumour blood vessels such as angiogenesis factors, tumour-associated macrophages, tumour vascular endothelial cells, tumour-associated fibroblasts and immune checkpoints in the TME were mainly discussed. The normalisation of tumour blood vessels presents new opportunities and challenges for the more efficient delivery of nanoparticles to tumour tissues and cells and an innovative combination of treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangwei Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Liyue Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Yang S, Sun J, Xu M, Wang Y, Liu G, Jiang A. The Value of Anlotinib in the Treatment of Intractable Brain Edema: Two Case Reports. Front Oncol 2021; 11:617803. [PMID: 33828975 PMCID: PMC8020902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.617803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
About 20-30 percent of patients with cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, will develop brain metastases (BM). Primary and secondary brain tumors are often accompanied by peritumoral edema. Due to the limited intracranial space, peritumoral edema will further increase the intracranial pressure and aggravate clinical symptoms. Radiotherapy, as a basic component of the treatment of intracranial tumors, induces blood vessel damage and aggravates brain edema. The combination of edema caused by the tumor itself and radiotherapy is collectively referred to as intractable brain edema. Edema can increase intracranial pressure and cause associated neurologic symptoms, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Steroids, specifically dexamethasone, have become the gold standard for the management of tumor-associated edema. However, steroids can lead to variety of adverse effects, including moon face, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, increased risk of infection, bone thinning (osteoporosis), and fractures, especially with prolonged use. The investigation of other types of drugs is urgently needed to address this problem.Compared to other anti-angiogenic agents, anlotinib acts on vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2/KDR, and VEGFR3), fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4), platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and stem cell factor receptor (c-kit) simultaneously. However, according to the literature retrieval, there are no studies on anlotinib for the treatment of intractable brain edema. We describe here two cases of brain edema and review the literature available and hope to discover new agents that are safer and more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingna Xu
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guihong Liu
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Aijun Jiang
- Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Regulatory tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes prevail in endometrial tumors with low vascular survival ability. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152078. [PMID: 33725493 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenic activity and vascular survival ability are two distinct vasculature related tumor features that can be assessed in tumor tissues. We examined their correlation with anti-tumor immunity in a series of endometrial carcinomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-three, stage I, endometrial carcinomas of endometrioid histology were analyzed with immunohistochemistry for the expression of CD31 pan-endothelial cell marker and CD25 and FOXP3 markers of regulatory T-cells. Angiogenic activity (AA) was assessed as the microvessel density in the invading tumor front (MVDt1). The vascular survival ability VSA was assessed by comparing the MVDt1 to the MVD in inner tumor areas (MVDt2 and MVDt3). The tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte TIL-density and the CD25+ and FOXP3+ TILD-density were assessed in the invading front and internal tumor areas. RESULTS The AA and VSA varied 4-fold and 10-fold among tumors, respectively. Highly angiogenic tumors were more frequently related with high histological grade (p = 0.01) and low VSA (p < 0.05). Although TIL-density was not associated with MVDt1, a statistically significant inverse association was noted with MVDt3 and VSA (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, we observed a statistically significant association between the density of regulatory CD25+ and FOXP3+ TILs with low MVDt3 and low VSA (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Low vascular survival ability relates to high accumulation of regulatory T-cells in inner tumor areas of endometrial carcinomas. The current data hypothesizes meaningful interactions between vascular survival, microenvironmental conditions, and immunosuppression in endometrial cancer.
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Maqbool T, Awan SJ, Malik S, Hadi F, Shehzadi S, Tariq K. In-Vitro Anti-Proliferative, Apoptotic and Antioxidative Activities of Medicinal Herb Kalonji (Nigella sativa). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 20:1288-1308. [PMID: 31433749 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190821144633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural product with apoptotic activity could serve as a potential new source for anti-cancer medicine. Numerous phytochemicals from plants have shown to exert antineoplastic effects via programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in prosperous countries. The subject study was intended to evaluate the anticancer properties of Kalonji extracts against cancer cell lines HeLa and HepG2 and normal cell lines BHK and VERO were used as normal controls. MATERIALS & METHODS For the evaluation of anti-proliferative effects, cell viability and cell death in all groups of cells were evaluated via MTT, crystal violet and trypan blue assays. For the evaluation of angiogenesis, Immunocytochemistry and ELISA of VEGF were done. Immunocytochemistry and ELISA of Annexin-V and p53 were performed for the estimation of apoptosis in all groups of cells. Furthermore, LDH assay, antioxidant enzymes activity (GSH, APOX, CAT and SOD) and RT-PCR with proliferative and apoptotic markers along with internal control were also performed. Cancer cells of both cell lines HepG2 and HeLa cells showed reduced viability, angiogenesis and proliferation with increased apoptosis when treated with Kalonji extracts. Whereas anti-oxidative enzymes show enhanced levels in treated cancer cells as compared to untreated ones. CONCLUSION It was observed that Kalonji extracts have the ability to induce apoptosis and improve the antioxidant status of HeLa and HepG2 cells. They can also inhibit the proliferation and angiogenesis in both these cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana J Awan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sabeen Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Hadi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Somia Shehzadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Science, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kanza Tariq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Viallard C, Audiger C, Popovic N, Akla N, Lanthier K, Legault-Navarrete I, Melichar H, Costantino S, Lesage S, Larrivée B. BMP9 signaling promotes the normalization of tumor blood vessels. Oncogene 2020; 39:2996-3014. [PMID: 32042114 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of an immature tumor vascular network contributes to cancer dissemination and the development of resistance to therapies. Strategies to normalize the tumor vasculature are therefore of significant therapeutic interest for cancer treatments. VEGF inhibitors are used clinically to normalize tumor blood vessels. However, the time frame and dosage of these inhibitors required to achieve normalization is rather narrow, and there is a need to identify additional signaling targets to attain vascular normalization. In addition to VEGF, the endothelial-specific receptor Alk1 plays a critical role in vascular development and promotes vascular remodeling and maturation. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the effects of the Alk1 ligand BMP9 on tumor vascular formation. BMP9 overexpression in Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumors significantly delayed tumor growth. Blood vessels in BMP9-overexpressing LLC tumors displayed markers of vascular maturation and were characterized by increased perivascular cell coverage. Tumor vasculature normalization was associated with decreased permeability and increased perfusion. These changes in vascular function in BMP9-overexpressing LLC tumors resulted in significant alterations of the tumor microenvironment, characterized by a decrease in hypoxia and an increase in immune infiltration. In conclusion, we show that BMP9 promotes vascular normalization in LLC tumors that leads to changes in the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Viallard
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cindy Audiger
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalija Popovic
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Naoufal Akla
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin Lanthier
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Heather Melichar
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Santiago Costantino
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bruno Larrivée
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Département d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Kim S, Kim H, Jo DH, Kim JH, Kim SR, Kang D, Hwang D, Chung J. Bispecific anti-mPDGFRβ x cotinine scFv-C κ-scFv fusion protein and cotinine-duocarmycin can form antibody-drug conjugate-like complexes that exert cytotoxicity against mPDGFRβ expressing cells. Methods 2018; 154:125-135. [PMID: 30292795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody selection for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) has traditionally depended on its internalization into the target cell, although ADC efficacy also relies on recycling of the receptor-ADC complex, endo-lysosomal trafficking, and subsequent linker/antibody proteolysis. In this study, we observed that a bispecific anti-murine platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (mPDGFRβ) x cotinine single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-kappa constant region (Cκ)-scFv fusion protein and cotinine-duocarmycin can form an ADC-like complex to induce cytotoxicity against mPDGFRβ expressing cells. Multiple anti-mPDGFRβ antibody candidates can be produced in this bispecific scFv-Cκ-scFv fusion protein format and tested for their ability to deliver cotinine-conjugated cytotoxic drugs, thus providing an improved approach for antibody selection in ADC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyori Kim
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Jo
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea; Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Ree Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dobeen Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 00380, Republic of Korea.
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Discovery of High-Affinity PDGF-VEGFR Interactions: Redefining RTK Dynamics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16439. [PMID: 29180757 PMCID: PMC5704011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16610-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly all studies of angiogenesis have focused on uni-family ligand-receptor binding, e.g., VEGFs bind to VEGF receptors, PDGFs bind to PDGF receptors, etc. The discovery of VEGF-PDGFRs binding challenges this paradigm and calls for investigation of other ligand-receptor binding possibilities. We utilized surface plasmon resonance to identify and measure PDGF-to-VEGFR binding rates, establishing cut-offs for binding and non-binding interactions. We quantified the kinetics of the recent VEGF-A:PDGFRβ interaction for the first time with KD = 340 pM. We discovered new PDGF:VEGFR2 interactions with PDGF-AA:R2 KD = 530 nM, PDGF-AB:R2 KD = 110 pM, PDGF-BB:R2 KD = 40 nM, and PDGF-CC:R2 KD = 70 pM. We computationally predict that cross-family PDGF binding could contribute up to 96% of VEGFR2 ligation in healthy conditions and in cancer. Together the identification, quantification, and simulation of these novel cross-family interactions posits new mechanisms for understanding anti-angiogenic drug resistance and presents an expanded role of growth factor signaling with significance in health and disease.
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11
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Karayama M, Inui N, Kusagaya H, Suzuki S, Inoue Y, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Nakamura Y, Suda T. Changes in cross-sectional area of pulmonary vessels on chest computed tomography after chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 77:1011-8. [PMID: 27034279 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy is associated with a risk of vascular damage. Novel anti-angiogenic agents, which can directly affect tumor angiogenesis, are increasingly being used. However, the effects of these agents on normal vasculature are not well understood. Here, we evaluated the effects of chemotherapy in general, and the anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab, more specifically, on the pulmonary vasculature in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For this, we used the cross-sectional area of pulmonary vessels (CSA), which is an easily measurable indicator of small pulmonary vasculature on non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed CT scans of the lungs of 75 chemo-naïve patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC, for measurement of CSA, before and after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, using a semi-automatic image-processing program. Measured vessels were classified in two groups: small vessels with CSA <5 mm(2) and large vessels with CSA between 5 and 10 mm(2). The CSAs for each group of vessels were calculated and summed separately, and expressed as a percentage of the total lung area (%CSA<5 and %CSA5-10). RESULTS Chemotherapy was associated with a selective decrease in small-diameter vessels, with a significant decrease in %CSA<5, but not %CSA5-10. When comparing chemotherapy with bevacizumab (n = 38) and without bevacizumab (n = 37), there was no significant difference in the reduction of %CSA<5. CONCLUSIONS Platinum-based chemotherapy might induce small pulmonary vascular damage. Use of bevacizumab does not enhance the reduction in area of pulmonary vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan. .,Department of Clinical Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hideki Kusagaya
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yutaro Nakamura
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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Yapp DT, Wong MQ, Kyle AH, Valdez SM, Tso J, Yung A, Kozlowski P, Owen DA, Buczkowski AK, Chung SW, Scudamore CH, Minchinton AI, Ng SSW. The differential effects of metronomic gemcitabine and antiangiogenic treatment in patient-derived xenografts of pancreatic cancer: treatment effects on metabolism, vascular function, cell proliferation, and tumor growth. Angiogenesis 2016; 19:229-44. [PMID: 26961182 PMCID: PMC4819514 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-016-9503-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metronomic chemotherapy has shown promising activity against solid tumors and is believed to act in an antiangiogenic manner. The current study describes and quantifies the therapeutic efficacy, and mode of activity, of metronomic gemcitabine and a dedicated antiangiogenic agent (DC101) in patient-derived xenografts of pancreatic cancer. METHODS Two primary human pancreatic cancer xenograft lines were dosed metronomically with gemcitabine or DC101 weekly. Changes in tumor growth, vascular function, and metabolism over time were measured with magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and immunofluorescence microscopy to determine the anti-tumor effects of the respective treatments. RESULTS Tumors treated with metronomic gemcitabine were 10-fold smaller than those in the control and DC101 groups. Metronomic gemcitabine, but not DC101, reduced the tumors' avidity for glucose, proliferation, and apoptosis. Metronomic gemcitabine-treated tumors had higher perfusion rates and uniformly distributed blood flow within the tumor, whereas perfusion rates in DC101-treated tumors were lower and confined to the periphery. DC101 treatment reduced the tumor's vascular density, but did not change their function. In contrast, metronomic gemcitabine increased vessel density, improved tumor perfusion transiently, and decreased hypoxia. CONCLUSION The aggregate data suggest that metronomic gemcitabine treatment affects both tumor vasculature and tumor cells continuously, and the overall effect is to significantly slow tumor growth. The observed increase in tumor perfusion induced by metronomic gemcitabine may be used as a therapeutic window for the administration of a second drug or radiation therapy. Non-invasive imaging could be used to detect early changes in tumor physiology before reductions in tumor volume were evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Yapp
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada. .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - May Q Wong
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Alastair H Kyle
- Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shannon M Valdez
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Jenny Tso
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew Yung
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Piotr Kozlowski
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David A Owen
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrzej K Buczkowski
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen W Chung
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Charles H Scudamore
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Sylvia S W Ng
- The Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 5th Floor, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
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Osterberg N, Ferrara N, Vacher J, Gaedicke S, Niedermann G, Weyerbrock A, Doostkam S, Schaefer HE, Plate KH, Machein MR. Decrease of VEGF-A in myeloid cells attenuates glioma progression and prolongs survival in an experimental glioma model. Neuro Oncol 2016; 18:939-49. [PMID: 26951383 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are highly vascularized tumors with a prominent infiltration of macrophages/microglia whose role in promoting glioma growth, invasion, and angiogenesis has not been fully elucidated. METHODS The contribution of myeloid-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to glioma growth was analyzed in vivo in a syngeneic intracranial GL261 glioma model using a Cre/loxP system to knock out the expression of VEGF-A in CD11b + myeloid cells. Changes in angiogenesis-related gene expression profile were analyzed in mutant bone marrow-derived (BMD) macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, we studied the influence of macrophages on GL261 growth, invasiveness, and protein expression profile of angiogenic molecules as well as the paracrine effect of mutant macrophages on angiogenesis in vitro. RESULTS Myeloid cell-restricted VEGF-A deficiency leads to a growth delay of intracranial tumors and prolonged survival. The tumor vasculature in mutant mice was more regular, with increased pericyte coverage. Expression analysis revealed significant downregulation of VEGF-A and slight upregulation of TGFβ-1 in BMD macrophages from mutant mice. Endothelial tube formation was significantly decreased by conditioned media from mutant macrophages. The expression of angiogenesis-related proteins in GL261 glioma cells in co-culture experiments either with wild-type or mutant macrophages remained unchanged, indicating that effects observed in vivo are due to myeloid-derived VEGF-A deficiency. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance of VEGF derived from tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells for initiating vascularization in gliomas. The combination of antiangiogenic agents with myeloid cell-targeting strategies might provide a new therapeutic approach for glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Osterberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Napoleone Ferrara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Jean Vacher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Simone Gaedicke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Astrid Weyerbrock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Soroush Doostkam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Hans-Eckart Schaefer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Karl H Plate
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
| | - Marcia Regina Machein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (N.O., A.W., M.R.M.); Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California (N.F.); Department of Medicine, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada (J.V.); Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany (S.G., G.N.); Department of Neuropathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (S.D.); Department of Pathology, Freiburg University Medical School, Freiburg, Germany (H.-E.S.); Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (K.H.P)
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Merrick DT, Gao D, Miller YE, Keith RL, Baron AE, Feser W, Kennedy TC, Blatchford PJ, Braudrick S, Hirsch FR, Heasley L, Bunn PA, Franklin WA. Persistence of Bronchial Dysplasia Is Associated with Development of Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:96-104. [PMID: 26542061 PMCID: PMC4706769 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial dysplasia (BD), a presumed precursor of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), rarely progresses to invasive cancer. A high-risk cohort at the University of Colorado provided an opportunity to directly sample airway epithelium at mapped sites on successive bronchoscopies. We have hypothesized that persistent dysplastic lesions showing a similar or higher level of dysplasia on follow-up biopsy, are associated with increased risk for the development of SCC. Endoscopic biopsies from 188 high-risk subjects were histologically classified according to the current WHO classification for BD using a numeric histology score ranging from 1 to 8 representing normal bronchial mucosa through invasive lung cancer. Differences in follow-up histology scores were compared between sites classified by clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical variables. Subjects with a higher frequency of sites that persist or progress to high-grade dysplasia (≥37.5% persist/progress, N = 35 versus <37.5% persist/progress, N = 114) show a significant association with development of incident invasive SCC (adjusted HR, 7.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-39.39), and those with incident lung SCC have adjusted mean follow-up histology scores 1.55 U higher than in subjects without lung cancer. Current smoking, elevated Ki67 growth fraction, histologic features of angiogenic squamous dysplasia (ASD) and higher histology score in baseline biopsies are significantly associated with increased follow-up histology scores. These results show that persistent BD is associated with the development of invasive SCC. Furthermore, increased expression of Ki67, the presence of angiogenic change and degree of baseline atypia are associated with persistence of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Merrick
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Dexiang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - York E Miller
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado. Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Robert L Keith
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado. Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Anna E Baron
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - William Feser
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Timothy C Kennedy
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Patrick J Blatchford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sarah Braudrick
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lynn Heasley
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul A Bunn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wilbur A Franklin
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Chen S, Guo X, Imarenezor O, Imoukhuede PI. Quantification of VEGFRs, NRP1, and PDGFRs on Endothelial Cells and Fibroblasts Reveals Serum, Intra-Family Ligand, and Cross-Family Ligand Regulation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-015-0411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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16
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The tetrapeptide Arg-Leu-Tyr-Glu inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:532-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen P, Luo S, Wen YJ, Li YH, Li J, Wang YS, Du LC, Zhang P, Tang J, Yang DB, Hu HZ, Zhao X, Wei YQ. Low-dose paclitaxel improves the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant adenovirus encoding CCL21 chemokine against murine cancer. Cancer Sci 2015; 105:1393-401. [PMID: 25230206 PMCID: PMC4462366 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21), one of the CC chemokines, exerts potent antitumor immunity by co-localizing T cells and dendritic cells at the tumor site and is currently tested against human solid tumors. Here, we investigated whether the combination of recombinant adenovirus encoding murine CCL21 (Ad-mCCL21) with low-dose paclitaxel would improve therapeutic efficacy against murine cancer. Immunocompetent mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma or 4T1 breast carcinoma were treated with either Ad-mCCL21, paclitaxel, or both agents together. Our results showed that Ad-mCCL21 + low-dose paclitaxel more effectively reduced the growth of tumors as compared with either treatment alone and significantly prolonged survival time of the tumor-bearing animals. These antitumor effects of the combined therapy were linked to altered cytokine network at the tumor site, enhanced apoptosis of tumor cells, and decreased formation of new vessels in tumors. Importantly, the combined therapy elicited a strong therapeutic antitumor immunity, which could be partly abrogated by the depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes. Collectively, these preclinical evaluations may provide a combined strategy for antitumor immunity and should be considered for testing in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China; Chengdu Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
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Choedon T, Dolma D, Mathan G, Kumar V. Molecular insights into the anti-cancer properties of traditional Tibetan medicine Yukyung Karne. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:380. [PMID: 25292320 PMCID: PMC4197273 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yukyung karne (YK) is a traditional Tibetan formulation used for many centuries for the treatment of ovarian cancer. However, the pharmacological basis of its anticancer property is not well understood. In the present study, the anticancer property of YK was investigated in cell culture. METHODS The growth inhibitory property of YK was evaluated in SKOV6, IHH, HepG2 and HEK293 cell lines using MTT assay. The pro-apoptotic activity of drug was analyzed by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA fragmentation assays. Confocal microscopy was used to show the release of cytochrome c and its co-localization with mitochondria with the help of dsRed mitotracker in SKOV6 cells. The inhibition in cell proliferation was also visualized by confocal microscopy after BrDU incorporation. The activation of tumor suppressor p53 was evaluated by Western blotting while VEGF levels in culture supernatant were measured by a colorimetric method. RESULTS YK specifically and efficiently induced apoptotic killing of the human ovarian cancer SKOV6 cells as indicated by increased DNA fragmentation and nick end DNA labeling. Confocal microscopy suggested inhibition of cell proliferation and increase in cytochrome c release via perturbation in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Further, YK up-regulated the expression of tumor suppressor p53 and key cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and inhibited VEGF secretion by cells. Interestingly, YK also exhibited a synergy with paclitaxel which is a well-known anti-cancer therapeutic drug. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological properties of YK to impose growth arrest and trigger pro-apoptotic death in cells amply justify its usage in primary as well as adjunct therapy for ovarian cancer.
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Lu Y, Ni F, Xu M, Yang J, Chen J, Chen Z, Wang X, Luo J, Wang S. Alcohol promotes mammary tumor growth through activation of VEGF-dependent tumor angiogenesis. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:673-678. [PMID: 25009649 PMCID: PMC4081417 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has been recognized as a risk factor for breast cancer. Experimental studies demonstrate that alcohol exposure promotes the progression of existing mammary tumors. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. In the present study, the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in alcohol promotion of breast cancer development was investigated using a mouse xenograft model of mammary tumors and a three-dimensional (3D) tumor/endothelial cell co-culture system. For the mouse xenograft model, mouse E0771 breast cancer cells were implanted into the mammary fat pad of C57BL6 mice. These mice were exposed to alcohol in their drinking water. For the 3D co-culture system, E0771 cells and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells were co-cultured with SVEC4-10EE2 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells, respectively. The results demonstrated that alcohol increased tumor angiogenesis and accelerated tumor growth. Furthermore, it appeared that alcohol induced VEGF expression in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Blocking VEGF signaling by SU5416 inhibited tumor angiogenesis in the 3D tumor/endothelial cell co-culture system. Furthermore, injection of SU5416 into mice inhibited alcohol-promoted mammary tumor growth in vivo. These results indicate that alcohol may promote mammary tumor growth by stimulating VEGF-dependent angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China ; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Clinical Nutrition Center, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Key Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Fang Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jinlian Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Siying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China ; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Poldervaart MT, Gremmels H, van Deventer K, Fledderus JO, Oner FC, Verhaar MC, Dhert WJA, Alblas J. Prolonged presence of VEGF promotes vascularization in 3D bioprinted scaffolds with defined architecture. J Control Release 2014; 184:58-66. [PMID: 24727077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Timely vascularization is essential for optimal performance of bone regenerative constructs. Vascularization is efficiently stimulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a substance with a short half-life time. This study investigates the controlled release of VEGF from gelatin microparticles (GMPs) as a means to prolong VEGF activity at the preferred location within 3D bioprinted scaffolds, and the effects on subsequent vascularization. The release of VEGF from GMPs was continuous for 3 weeks during in vitro studies, and bioactivity was confirmed using human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in migration assays. Traditional and real-time migration assays showed immediate and efficient EPC migration in the presence of GMP-released VEGF, indistinguishable from VEGF-solution that was added to the medium. Matrigel scaffolds containing EPCs and VEGF, which was released either in a fast or sustained fashion by application of GMPs, were investigated for their in vivo vasculogenic capacity. Implantation in subcutaneous pockets in nude mice for one week demonstrated that vessel formation was significantly higher in the VEGF sustained-release group compared to the fast release group. In addition, regional differences with respect to VEGF release were introduced in 3D bioprinted EPC-laden scaffolds and their influence on vasculogenesis was investigated in vivo. The different regions were retained and vessel formation occurred analogous with the results seen in the Matrigel plugs. We conclude that GMPs are suitable to generate sustained release profiles of bioactive VEGF, and that they can be used to create defined differentiation regions in 3D bioprinted heterogeneous constructs, allowing a new generation of smart scaffold design. The prolonged presence of VEGF led to a significant increase in scaffold vascularization when applied in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle T Poldervaart
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G05.228, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, F03.227, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Kelly van Deventer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G05.228, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Joost O Fledderus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, F03.227, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - F Cumhur Oner
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G05.228, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, F03.227, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Wouter J A Dhert
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G05.228, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80163, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jacqueline Alblas
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, G05.228, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Speyer CL, Hachem AH, Assi AA, Johnson JS, DeVries JA, Gorski DH. Metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 as a novel target for the antiangiogenic treatment of breast cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88830. [PMID: 24633367 PMCID: PMC3954556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are normally expressed in the central nervous system, where they mediate neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release. Certain cancers, including melanoma and gliomas, express various mGluR subtypes that have been implicated as playing a role in disease progression. Recently, we detected metabotropic glutamate receptor-1 (gene: GRM1; protein: mGluR1) in breast cancer and found that it plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth. In addition to cancer cells, brain endothelial cells express mGluR1. In light of these studies, and because angiogenesis is both a prognostic indicator in cancer correlating with a poorer prognosis and a potential therapeutic target, we explored a potential role for mGluR1 in mediating endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and tumor-induced angiogenesis. GRM1 and mGluR1 were detected in various types of human ECs and, using mGluR1-specific inhibitors or shRNA silencing, we demonstrated that EC growth and Matrigel tube formation are dependent on mGluR1 signaling. In addition, loss of mGluR1 activity leads to reduced angiogenesis in a murine Matrigel sponge implant model as well as a murine tumor model. These results suggest a role for mGluR1 in breast cancer as a pro-angiogenic factor as well as a mediator of tumor progression. They also suggest mGluR1 as a potential new molecular target for the anti-angiogenic therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia L. Speyer
- Tumor Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ali H. Hachem
- University of Michigan, Dearborn, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ali A. Assi
- University of Michigan, Dearborn, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jennifer S. Johnson
- Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John A. DeVries
- Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David H. Gorski
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Lollini PL, Cavallo F, De Giovanni C, Nanni P. Preclinical vaccines against mammary carcinoma. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 12:1449-63. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2013.845530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Farajpour Z, Rahbarizadeh F, Kazemi B, Ahmadvand D, Mohaghegh M. Identification and In Vitro Characterization of Phage-Displayed VHHs Targeting VEGF. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 19:547-55. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057113514275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potential target for cancer treatment because of its role in angiogenesis and its overexpression in most human cancers. Currently, anti-VEGF antibodies have been shown to be promising tools for therapeutic applications. However, large size, poor tumor penetration, immunogenicity, and production in cost- and labor-intensive conditions are major drawbacks of such agents. The antigen-binding regions of camelid single-chain antibodies (VHHs), due to their unique biophysical characteristics, offer an alternative to conventional antibodies for tumor-targeting purposes. The present study was undertaken to generate and characterize anti-VEGF VHHs from an immune VHH library using phage display. Four rounds of panning were performed, and selected VHHs were characterized using various immunological techniques. Assessment of the antigenic profile of VHHs was done using competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Selected VHHs reacted strongly to VEGF in indirect ELISA and cross-reactivity ELISA tests. The binding affinity of three VHHs, ZFR-1, ZFR-2, and ZFR-5, ranged from 2.5 to 80 nM, and among them, ZFR-5, which was selected for proliferation assay, significantly inhibited the endothelial cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, our results indicate that ZFR-5 and other VHHs may be promising tools in cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farajpour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Ahmadvand
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohaghegh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Planas-Paz L, Lammert E. Mechanical forces in lymphatic vascular development and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:4341-54. [PMID: 23665871 PMCID: PMC11113353 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature is essential for fluid homeostasis and transport of immune cells, inflammatory molecules, and dietary lipids. It is composed of a hierarchical network of blind-ended lymphatic capillaries and collecting lymphatic vessels, both lined by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). The low hydrostatic pressure in lymphatic capillaries, their loose intercellular junctions, and attachment to the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) permit passage of extravasated blood plasma from the interstitium into the lumen of the lymphatic capillaries. It is generally thought that interstitial fluid accumulation leads to a swelling of the ECM, to which the LECs of lymphatic capillaries adhere, for example via anchoring filaments. As a result, LECs are pulled away from the vascular lumen, the junctions open, and fluid enters the lymphatic vasculature. The collecting lymphatic vessels then gather the plasma fluid from the capillaries and carry it through the lymph nodes to the blood circulation. The collecting vessels contain intraluminal bicuspid valves that prevent fluid backflow, and are embraced by smooth muscle cells that contribute to fluid transport. Although the lymphatic vessels are regular subject to mechanical strain, our knowledge of its influence on lymphatic development and pathologies is scarce. Here, we discuss the mechanical forces and molecular mechanisms regulating lymphatic vascular growth and maturation in the developing mouse embryo. We also consider how the lymphatic vasculature might be affected by similar mechanomechanisms in two pathological processes, namely cancer cell dissemination and secondary lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Planas-Paz
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany,
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25
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Mountzios G, Pentheroudakis G, Carmeliet P. Bevacizumab and micrometastases: revisiting the preclinical and clinical rollercoaster. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 141:117-24. [PMID: 24076268 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in combination with standard therapeutic approaches, has offered clinical benefit for patients with advanced colorectal, breast, ovarian, renal, non small-cell lung cancer and glioblastoma. However, the strategy of administering bevacizumab until disease progression has been challenged by certain preclinical evidence, suggesting that prolonged exposure to anti-VEGF treatment may elicit an adaptive-evasive response, resulting in a more aggressive tumor phenotype. Moreover, the use of bevacizumab in adjuvant chemotherapeutic regimens has led to less promising results than expected. Despite our poor understanding of how bevacizumab acts in micrometastatic disease, numerous clinical trials (involving >20,000 cancer patients) are ongoing or are planned to test the therapeutic benefit in the adjuvant setting. The discrepancy of bevacizumab's efficiency in the two settings calls into question the validity of current strategies that use similar treatment regimens for early and advanced diseases. Herein, we review the mechanisms of bevacizumab activity in the macro- as compared to the micrometastatic environment and discuss possible alternative strategies in the adjuvant setting that might spur attention for future clinical trials. Rather than providing an encyclopedic survey of the literature, we highlight exemplary principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannis Mountzios
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Pentheroudakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Anti-VEGFA Therapy Reduces Tumor Growth and Extends Survival in a Murine Model of Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor. Transl Oncol 2013; 6:226-33. [PMID: 23730402 DOI: 10.1593/tlo.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although angiogenesis has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT), its potential has not been evaluated in controlled studies. To do so, we used the Pten (tm1Hwu/tm1Hwu); Ctnnb1 (tm1Mmt/+);Amhr2 (tm3(cre)Bhr/+) (PCA) mouse model, which develops GCTs that mimic the advanced disease in women. A monoclonal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) antibody was administered weekly to PCA mice beginning at 3 weeks of age. By 6 weeks of age, anti-VEGFA therapy significantly decreased tumor weights relative to controls (P < .05) and increased survival, with all treated animals but none of the controls surviving to 8 weeks of age. Analyses of PCA tumors showed that anti-VEGFA treatment resulted in significant decreases in tumor cell proliferation and microvessel density relative to controls (P < .05). However, treatment did not have a significant effect on apoptosis or tumor necrosis. The VEGFA receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling effector p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), whose activity is associated with cell proliferation, was significantly less phosphorylated (i.e., activated) in tumors from the treated group (P < .05). Conversely, no significant difference was found in the activation of protein kinase B, a VEGFR2 signaling effector associated with cell survival. Together, these results suggest that anti-VEGFA therapy is effective at inhibiting GCT growth in the PCA model and acts by reducing microvascular density and cell proliferation through inhibition of the VEGFR2-MAPK pathway. Findings from this preclinical model therefore support the investigation of targeting VEGFA for the adjuvant treatment of GCT in women.
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Asena L, Akova YA, Cetinkaya A, Kucukerdonmez C. The effect of topical bevacizumab as an adjunctive therapy for corneal neovascularization. Acta Ophthalmol 2013; 91:e246-8. [PMID: 22998029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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CHEN YESHAN, ZHANG SHENG, PENG GANG, YU JING, LIU TAO, MENG RUI, LI ZHENYU, ZHAO YANXIA, WU GANG. Endothelial NO synthase and reactive oxygen species mediated effect of simvastatin on vessel structure and function: Pleiotropic and dose-dependent effect on tumor vascular stabilization. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1325-36. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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29
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Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Platelets 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387837-3.00038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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The effect of interstitial pressure on tumor growth: coupling with the blood and lymphatic vascular systems. J Theor Biol 2012; 320:131-51. [PMID: 23220211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2012.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The flow of interstitial fluid and the associated interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in solid tumors and surrounding host tissues have been identified as critical elements in cancer growth and vascularization. Both experimental and theoretical studies have shown that tumors may present elevated IFP, which can be a formidable physical barrier for delivery of cell nutrients and small molecules into the tumor. Elevated IFP may also exacerbate gradients of biochemical signals such as angiogenic factors released by tumors into the surrounding tissues. These studies have helped to understand both biochemical signaling and treatment prognosis. Building upon previous work, here we develop a vascular tumor growth model by coupling a continuous growth model with a discrete angiogenesis model. We include fluid/oxygen extravasation as well as a continuous lymphatic field, and study the micro-environmental fluid dynamics and their effect on tumor growth by accounting for blood flow, transcapillary fluid flux, interstitial fluid flow, and lymphatic drainage. We thus elucidate further the non-trivial relationship between the key elements contributing to the effects of interstitial pressure in solid tumors. In particular, we study the effect of IFP on oxygen extravasation and show that small blood/lymphatic vessel resistance and collapse may contribute to lower transcapillary fluid/oxygen flux, thus decreasing the rate of tumor growth. We also investigate the effect of tumor vascular pathologies, including elevated vascular and interstitial hydraulic conductivities inside the tumor as well as diminished osmotic pressure differences, on the fluid flow across the tumor capillary bed, the lymphatic drainage, and the IFP. Our results reveal that elevated interstitial hydraulic conductivity together with poor lymphatic function is the root cause of the development of plateau profiles of the IFP in the tumor, which have been observed in experiments, and contributes to a more uniform distribution of oxygen, solid tumor pressure and a broad-based collapse of the tumor lymphatics. We also find that the rate that IFF is fluxed into the lymphatics and host tissue is largely controlled by an elevated vascular hydraulic conductivity in the tumor. We discuss the implications of these results on microenvironmental transport barriers, and the tumor invasive and metastatic potential. Our results suggest the possibility of developing strategies of targeting tumor cells based on the cues in the interstitial fluid.
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Dafni H, Burghardt AJ, Majumdar S, Navone NM, Ronen SM. Vascular patterning and permeability in prostate cancer models with differing osteogenic properties. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:843-851. [PMID: 22134886 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in prostate cancer. However, the lack of clinically relevant models hinders our understanding of the disease as well as development of effective therapies and imaging approaches. We used noninvasive MRI, histology and micro CT to further characterize the newly established prostate cancer bone metastases-derived model MDA-PCa-118b, and to compare it to the well-established PC-3MM2 model with regard to bone structure and vascular patterning. The PC-3MM2 model is highly osteolytic whereas the MDA-PCa-118b model shows a robust osteoblastic reaction, as often seen in clinical cases. Macromolecular contrast enhanced MRI revealed differences in vascular permeability patterns, which appeared peripheral for PC-3MM2 and nodular for MDA-PCa-118b, matching the microscopic cellular composition of each model: PC-3MM2 exclusively recruits endothelial cells to form thin tumor-core blood vessels and enlarged, leaky peripheral vessels, whereas MDA-PCa-118b also recruits bone-forming cells and pericytes such that small tumor nests are encircled with leaky vessels and embedded in bone-like tissue dotted with pericyte-covered vessels. Despite these structural differences, vascular permeability was reduced in both tumor models by either imatinib or SU10944 treatment. This study highlights the importance of clinically relevant osteogenic models of human prostate cancer and the value of such models not only in enhancing our understanding of tumorigenesis, metastasis and response to therapy, but also for development of appropriate methods for noninvasive imaging of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Dafni
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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32
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Shang B, Cao Z, Zhou Q. Progress in tumor vascular normalization for anticancer therapy: challenges and perspectives. Front Med 2012; 6:67-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-012-0176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Arigoni M, Barutello G, Lanzardo S, Longo D, Aime S, Curcio C, Iezzi M, Zheng Y, Barkefors I, Holmgren L, Cavallo F. A vaccine targeting angiomotin induces an antibody response which alters tumor vessel permeability and hampers the growth of established tumors. Angiogenesis 2012; 15:305-16. [PMID: 22426512 PMCID: PMC3338916 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiomotin (Amot) is one of several identified angiostatin receptors expressed by the endothelia of angiogenic tissues. We have shown that a DNA vaccine targeting Amot overcome immune tolerance and induce an antibody response that hampers the progression of incipient tumors. Following our observation of increased Amot expression on tumor endothelia concomitant with the progression from pre-neoplastic lesions to full-fledged carcinoma, we evaluated the effect of anti-Amot vaccination on clinically evident tumors. Electroporation of plasmid coding for the human Amot (pAmot) significantly delayed the progression both of autochthonous tumors in cancer prone BALB-neuT and PyMT genetically engineered mice and transplantable TUBO tumor in wild-type BALB/c mice. The intensity of the inhibition directly correlated with the titer of anti-Amot antibodies induced by the vaccine. Tumor inhibition was associated with an increase of vessels diameter with the formation of lacunar spaces, increase in vessel permeability, massive tumor perivascular necrosis and an effective epitope spreading that induces an immune response against other tumor associated antigens. Greater tumor vessel permeability also markedly enhances the antitumor effect of doxorubicin. These data provide a rationale for the development of novel anticancer treatments based on anti-Amot vaccination in conjunction with chemotherapy regimens.
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Urits I, Mukherjee P, Meidenbauer J, Seyfried TN. Dietary restriction promotes vessel maturation in a mouse astrocytoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2011; 2012:264039. [PMID: 22253625 PMCID: PMC3255299 DOI: 10.1155/2012/264039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mature vasculature contains an endothelial cell lining with a surrounding sheath of pericytes/vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Tumor vessels are immature and lack a pericyte sheath. Colocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGF-Rβ) reduces pericyte ensheathment of tumor vessels. We found that a 30% dietary restriction (DR) enhanced vessel maturation in the mouse CT-2A astrocytoma. DR reduced microvessel density and VEGF expression in the astrocytoma, while increasing recruitment of pericytes, positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Moreover, DR reduced colocalization of VEGF-R2 and PDGF-Rβ, but did not reduce total PDGF-Rβ expression. These findings suggest that DR promoted vessel normalization by preventing VEGF-induced inhibition of the PDGF signaling axis in pericytes. DR appears to shift the tumor vasculature from a leaky immature state to a more mature state. We suggest that vessel normalization could improve delivery of therapeutic drugs to brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Urits
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 0246, USA
| | - Purna Mukherjee
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 0246, USA
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A randomized controlled trial of intralesional bevacizumab injection on primary pterygium: preliminary results. Cornea 2011; 30:1213-8. [PMID: 21915047 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0b013e31821c9b44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional injection of bevacizumab on primary pterygium treatment. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, each primary pterygium patient was randomized to receive either an intralesional injection of bevacizumab 2 mg (1 mg/0.04 mL) or a combination of topical antihistamine (antazoline HCl 0.05%) and vasoconstrictor (tetrahydrozoline HCl 0.04%) as a control. The main outcome measurements were symptoms and signs (including eye irritation, epiphora, redness, amount of discharge, inflammation and elevation of pterygium, and percentage of corneal pterygium area). RESULTS A total of 74 pterygium eyes in 66 patients were randomized and allocated into a treatment group (N = 34) and a control group (N = 40). In the treatment group, there was a statistically significant reduction of symptoms (including irritation, photophobia, epiphora, redness, discharge, and blurred vision) and signs (inflammation and corneal pterygium area) compared with the baseline, up to at least 6 months. Between the treatment and control groups, no significant differences were found for all visits with respect to the (1) symptoms, (2) signs, and (3) percentage of corneal pterygium. CONCLUSIONS Intralesional bevacizumab may have a therapeutic effect on symptoms and signs of primary pterygium for at least 6 months (ie, the follow-up period), with no serious ocular or systemic adverse effects.
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Lash GE, Bulmer JN, Innes BA, Drury JA, Robson SC, Quenby S. Prednisolone treatment reduces endometrial spiral artery development in women with recurrent miscarriage. Angiogenesis 2011; 14:523-32. [PMID: 21984529 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells and endometrial blood vessel maturation are increased in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in a subset of women with recurrent miscarriage (RM). uNK cell numbers are reduced after treatment with prednisolone (20 mg/day for 3 weeks). HYPOTHESES Prednisolone treatment reduces endometrial vascular maturation and angiogenic growth factor expression in women with RM with increased uNK cells. METHODS Endometrial biopsies (n = 18 paired samples) from women with RM at LH + 7 before and during prednisolone treatment (20 mg/day for 3 weeks) were snap frozen. Total RNA and cDNA was prepared and used in a human angiogenesis RT-PCR superarray (84 genes, n = 6 pairs) with results validated using RT-PCR (n = 15 pairs). Immunohistochemistry (n = 15 pairs) was performed for Factor VIII, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and the total number of vessels and the percentage of vessels completely surrounded by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were determined. RESULTS During prednisolone treatment there was no change in the total number of endometrial blood vessels but the percentage of vessels completely surrounded by VSMCs was decreased (α-SMA P < 0.0001; MyHC P < 0.0001). Endometrial EGF and STAB 1 expression was decreased during prednisolone treatment in samples from woman who went on to have a live birth. CONCLUSIONS The effect of prednisolone therapy for some women with RM may be due to altered endometrial angiogenic growth factor expression and reduced blood vessel maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gendie E Lash
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, 3rd Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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Choedon T, Dolma D, Kumar V. Pro-apoptotic and anticancer properties of Thapring - A Tibetan herbal formulation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:320-326. [PMID: 21658439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the pro-apoptotic and anti-tumorigenic properties of Thapring - a Traditional Tibetan Medicine - in hepatoma cells and in a transgenic mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS The pro-apoptotic action and growth inhibition property of Thapring were assessed in Huh7, HepG2 and A549 cell lines using flow cytometry and MTT assay, respectively. Confocal microscopy for colocalization of cytochrome c and mitochondria was done using dsRed mitotracker in Huh7 cells. The activation of p38 MAP kinase and p53 pathway was evaluated by Western blotting. Serological studies for liver function, vascular endothelial growth factor and superoxide dismutase were assessed in the serum of X15-myc transgenic mice. Immuno-histochemical studies for Bcl2 and p21(Waf1) expression were also carried out in the liver section of the above mice. RESULTS Treatment with Thapring inhibited proliferation and accumulation of hepatoma cells in G1 phase. There was increased cytochrome c release from mitochondria and decreased Bcl2 levels - the key markers of apoptotic cell death. Besides activation of p38 MAP kinase and increased p53 expression were also observed. Oral administration of Thapring in transgenic mice lowered serum VEGF levels and conferred hepatoprotection as evident from normal serum ALT levels. Further, immunohistochemical analysis of the liver samples revealed reduced expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 and over-expression of cell cycle regulator p21(Waf1). CONCLUSIONS The ability of Thapring to impose growth arrest and trigger pro-apoptotic death in cell culture as well as ameliorative effects in vivo provides scientific basis for its usefulness as traditional medicine and its clinical application in adjunct/combination therapy along with other known anticancer drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Alanine Transaminase/blood
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism
- Cytochromes c/metabolism
- Enzyme Activation
- Flow Cytometry
- G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Medicine, Tibetan Traditional
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plant Preparations/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/blood
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenzin Choedon
- Virology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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38
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Perdiguero EG, Galaup A, Durand M, Teillon J, Philippe J, Valenzuela DM, Murphy AJ, Yancopoulos GD, Thurston G, Germain S. Alteration of developmental and pathological retinal angiogenesis in angptl4-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:36841-51. [PMID: 21832056 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.220061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper vessel maturation, remodeling of endothelial junctions, and recruitment of perivascular cells is crucial for establishing and maintaining vessel functions. In proliferative retinopathies, hypoxia-induced angiogenesis is associated with disruption of the vascular barrier, edema, and vision loss. Therefore, identifying factors that regulate vascular maturation is critical to target pathological angiogenesis. Given the conflicting role of angiopoietin-like-4 (ANGPTL4) reported in the current literature using gain of function systems both in vitro and in vivo, the goal of this study was to characterize angiogenesis, focusing on perinatal retinal vascularization and pathological circumstances in angpl4-deficient mice. We report altered organization of endothelial junctions and pericyte coverage, both leading to impaired angiogenesis and increased vascular leakage that were eventually caught up, suggesting a delay in vessel maturation. In a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, pathological neovascularization, which results from tissue hypoxia, was also strongly inhibited in angptl4-deficient mice. This study therefore shows that ANGPTL4 tunes endothelial cell junction organization and pericyte coverage and controls vascular permeability and angiogenesis, both during development and in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gomez Perdiguero
- Collège de France, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Paris 75005, France
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Inhibition of cysteine peptidase activity in ascitic fluid in pancreatic cancer patients. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2011; 48:513-7. [PMID: 21478091 DOI: 10.2478/v10042-010-0057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The work's objective is to answer the question whether there is any possibility of activity inhibition of cysteine peptidases inhibitors playing an important role in key processes accompanying cancer formation, including pancreas. There is a justified speculation that specific inhibitors of these enzymes may inhibit development of cancer processes by inhibiting their activity. In vitro studies confirmed that these enzymes in ascitic fluid were inhibited with egg whites inhibitors even to 90% of their original activity.
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40
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Cascone T, Herynk MH, Xu L, Du Z, Kadara H, Nilsson MB, Oborn CJ, Park YY, Erez B, Jacoby JJ, Lee JS, Lin HY, Ciardiello F, Herbst RS, Langley RR, Heymach JV. Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in mouse xenograft models of angiogenesis inhibitor-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:1313-28. [PMID: 21436589 PMCID: PMC3070607 DOI: 10.1172/jci42405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth and metastasis, and several inhibitors of angiogenesis are currently in clinical use for the treatment of cancer. However, not all patients benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those tumors that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of tumor cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of mouse xenograft models of human lung adenocarcinoma, we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not tumor cells. In particular, components of the EGFR and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in tumor cells. Increased activated EGFR was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of tumors with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the VEGF and EGFR pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in tumor stromal pathways, including the EGFR and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to VEGF inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for angiogenesis inhibitors and improving combination regimens.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/blood supply
- Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Bevacizumab
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/blood supply
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Cascone
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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41
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Powolny AA, Bommareddy A, Hahm ER, Normolle DP, Beumer JH, Nelson JB, Singh SV. Chemopreventative potential of the cruciferous vegetable constituent phenethyl isothiocyanate in a mouse model of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:571-84. [PMID: 21330634 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djr029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to determine the chemopreventative efficacy of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a bioactive constituent of many edible cruciferous vegetables, in a mouse model of prostate cancer, and to identify potential biomarker(s) associated with PEITC response. METHODS The chemopreventative activity of dietary PEITC was investigated in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate mice that were fed a control diet or one containing 3 μmol PEITC/g (n = 21 mice per group) for 19 weeks. Dorsolateral prostate tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic evaluations and subjected to immunohistochemistry for analysis of cell proliferation (Ki-67 expression), autophagy (p62 and LC3 protein expression), and E-cadherin expression. Autophagosomes were visualized by transmission electron microscopy. Apoptotic bodies were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling. Plasma proteomics was performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry to identify potential biomarkers of PEITC activity. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Administration of PEITC (3 μmol/g diet) decreased incidence (PEITC diet vs control diet, mean = 21.65 vs 57.58%, difference = -35.93%, 95% confidence interval = -45.48% to -13.10%, P = .04) as well as burden (affected area) (PEITC diet vs control diet, mean = 18.53% vs 45.01%, difference = -26.48%, 95% confidence interval = -49.78% to -3.19%, P = .02) of poorly differentiated tumors in the dorsolateral prostate of transgenic mice compared with control mice, with no toxic effects. PEITC-mediated inhibition of prostate carcinogenesis was associated with induction of autophagy and overexpression of E-cadherin in the dorsolateral prostate. However, PEITC treatment was not associated with a decrease in cellular proliferation, apoptosis induction, or inhibition of neoangiogenesis. Plasma proteomics revealed distinct changes in the expression of several proteins (eg, suppression of clusterin protein) in the PEITC-treated mice compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS In this transgenic model, dietary PEITC suppressed prostate cancer progression by induction of autophagic cell death. Potential biomarkers to assess the response to PEITC treatment in plasma were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Powolny
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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42
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Bevacizumab can induce reactivity to VEGF-C and -D in human brain and tumour derived endothelial cells. J Neurooncol 2011; 104:103-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Killingsworth MC, Wu X. Vascular Pericyte Density and Angiogenesis Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate. Pathobiology 2011; 78:24-34. [DOI: 10.1159/000322739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Sorrentino R, Morello S, Giordano MG, Arra C, Maiolino P, Adcock IM, Pinto A. CpG-ODN increases the release of VEGF in a mouse model of lung carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2010; 128:2815-22. [PMID: 20725994 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) plays a fundamental role in the formation of new vessels within the tumour mass. Increasing evidence has highlighted the involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in cancer. Of interest, TLR9 is over-expressed in human lung carcinoma tissues. The aim of our study was to determine whether TLR9 activation could alter VEGF release in a mouse model of lung carcinoma. Lewis lung carcinoma cells were intravenously (i.v.) inoculated and 10 days later, tumour-bearing mice were treated with CpG-ODN (CpG, a TLR9 ligand) or PBS. CpG administration enhanced VEGF release, which was associated with increased tumour lesions in the lung. CpG induced high levels of IL-6 expression and activation of STAT3 in tumour-bearing mice. Moreover, CpG induced VEGF release from primary fibroblasts and endothelial cells, which correlated with IL-6 and TGFβ production. This may explain the large influx of fibroblasts and the production of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the tumour mass. The administration of a monoclonal antibody against VEGF A arrested tumour progression and induced a Th1-like response in CpG-treated tumour-bearing mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the combination of CpG with anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody could be of potential therapeutic in lung carcinoma.
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Jones MD, Liu JC, Barthel TK, Hussain S, Lovria E, Cheng D, Schoonmaker JA, Mulay S, Ayers DC, Bouxsein ML, Stein GS, Mukherjee S, Lian JB. A proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, inhibits breast cancer growth and reduces osteolysis by downregulating metastatic genes. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4978-89. [PMID: 20843837 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer (BrCa) exceeds 70%. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor used for the treatment of multiple myeloma, also promotes bone formation. We tested the hypothesis that proteasome inhibitors can ameliorate BrCa osteolytic disease. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To address the potentially beneficial effect of bortezomib in reducing tumor growth in the skeleton and counteracting bone osteolysis, human MDA-MB-231 BrCa cells were injected into the tibia of mice to model bone tumor growth for in vivo assessment of treatment regimens before and after tumor growth. RESULTS Controls exhibited tumor growth, destroying trabecular and cortical bone and invading muscle. Bortezomib treatment initiated following inoculation of tumor cells strikingly reduced tumor growth, restricted tumor cells mainly to the marrow cavity, and almost completely inhibited osteolysis in the bone microenvironment over a 3- to 4-week period as shown by [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, micro-computed tomography scanning, radiography, and histology. Thus, proteasome inhibition is effective in killing tumor cells within the bone. Pretreatment with bortezomib for 3 weeks before inoculation of tumor cells was also effective in reducing osteolysis. Our in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that mechanisms by which bortezomib inhibits tumor growth and reduces osteolysis result from inhibited cell proliferation, necrosis, and decreased expression of factors that promote BrCa tumor progression in bone. CONCLUSION These findings provide a basis for a novel strategy to treat patients with BrCa osteolytic lesions, and represent an approach for protecting the entire skeleton from metastatic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci D Jones
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA
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Terzuoli E, Donnini S, Giachetti A, Iñiguez MA, Fresno M, Melillo G, Ziche M. Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α by Dihydroxyphenylethanol, a Product from Olive Oil, Blocks Microsomal Prostaglandin-E Synthase-1/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Reduces Tumor Angiogenesis. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:4207-16. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen Y, Hao H, He S, Cai L, Li Y, Hu S, Ye D, Hoidal J, Wu P, Chen X. Lipoxin A4 and its analogue suppress the tumor growth of transplanted H22 in mice: the role of antiangiogenesis. Mol Cancer Ther 2010; 9:2164-74. [PMID: 20682645 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays an essential role in carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. Some studies indicate that lipoxins, endogenous anti-inflammatory lipid mediators, might be involved in tumor angiogenesis; however, the governing mechanisms are still unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of exogenous lipoxin A(4) (LXA(4)) in mouse hepatocarcinoma cell line (H22) and H22-bearing mice model. It was found that in H22 cells, LXA(4) inhibited the production of vascular endothelial growth factor and reduced hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha level. In addition, its analogue, BML-111, blocked the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in serum and tumor sections from H22-bearing mice. H&E staining and immunostaining with antibodies against CD34 revealed that BML-111 suppressed tumor-related angiogenesis in vivo, but LXA(4) could not influence the proliferation of primary cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The tumor growth was also inhibited by BML-111. We also found that BML-111 enhanced the in situ apoptosis while inhibiting macrophage infiltration in tumor tissue. The results provide new evidence that LXA(4) suppresses the growth of transplanted H22 tumor in mice through inhibiting tumor-related angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Inhibition of angiogenesis- and inflammation-inducing factors in human colon cancer cells in vitro and in ovo by free and nanoparticle-encapsulated redox dye, DCPIP. J Nanobiotechnology 2010; 8:17. [PMID: 20633276 PMCID: PMC2911398 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-8-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The redox dye, DCPIP, has recently shown to exhibit anti-melanoma activity in vitro and in vivo. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that synthetic nanoparticles can serve as highly efficient carriers of drugs and vaccines for treatment of various diseases. These nanoparticles have shown to serve as potent tools that can increase the bioavailability of the drug/vaccine by facilitating absorption or conferring sustained and improved release. Here, we describe results on the effects of free- and nanoparticle-enclosed DCPIP as anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammation agents in a human colon cancer HCT116 cell line in vitro, and in induced angiogenesis in ovo. Results The studies described in this report indicate that (a) DCPIP inhibits proliferation of HCT116 cells in vitro; (b) DCPIP can selectively downregulate expression of the pro-angiogenesis growth factor, VEGF; (c) DCPIP inhibits activation of the transcriptional nuclear factor, NF-κB; (d) DCPIP can attenuate or completely inhibit VEGF-induced angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane; (e) DCPIP at concentrations higher than 6 μg/ml induces apoptosis in HCT116 cells as confirmed by detection of caspase-3 and PARP degradation; and (f) DCPIP encapsulated in nanoparticles is equally or more effective than free DCPIP in exhibiting the aforementioned properties (a-e) in addition to reducing the expression of COX-2, and pro-inflammatory proteins IL-6 and IL-8. Conclusions We propose that, DCPIP may serve as a potent tool to prevent or disrupt the processes of cell proliferation, tissue angiogenesis and inflammation by directly or indirectly targeting expression of specific cellular factors. We also propose that the activities of DCPIP may be long-lasting and/or enhanced if it is delivered enclosed in specific nanoparticles.
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Kim CK, Choi YK, Lee H, Ha KS, Won MH, Kwon YG, Kim YM. The farnesyltransferase inhibitor LB42708 suppresses vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis by inhibiting ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signal pathways. Mol Pharmacol 2010; 78:142-50. [PMID: 20406854 DOI: 10.1124/mol.110.063586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitors induce growth arrest and apoptosis in various human cancer cells by inhibiting the post-translational activation of Ras. FTase inhibitors also function to suppress the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from tumor cells by inhibiting Ras activation; however, the effects of FTase inhibitors on VEGF-induced angiogenesis in endothelial cells have not been studied. We have investigated the antiangiogenic effect and molecular mechanism of 4-((1-((1-((4-bromophenyl)methyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-4-(1-napthalenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)carbonyl)-(9C1)-morpholine (LB42708), a selective nonpeptidic FTase inhibitor, using in vitro and in vivo assay systems. LB42708 inhibited VEGF-induced Ras activation and subsequently suppressed angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/endothelial nitric-oxide synthase pathways in endothelial cells without altering FAK/Src activation. In addition, this inhibitor suppressed VEGF-induced endothelial cell cycle progression at the G(1) phase by suppressing cyclin D1 expression and retinoblastoma phosphorylation as well as up-regulating the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27. Knockdown of Ras by short interfering RNA revealed similar inhibitory effects on VEGF-induced angiogenic signal events compared with LB42708. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of LB42708 were significantly higher than those of 4-(2-(4-(8-chloro-3,10-dibromo-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo-(5,6)-cyclohepta(1,2-b)-pyridin-11(R)-yl)-1-piperidinyl)-2-oxo-ethyl)-1-piperidinecarboxamide (SCH66336), a well known FTase inhibitor. LB42708 suppressed tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis in both xenograft tumor models of Ras-mutated HCT116 cells and its wild-type Caco-2 cells, indicating its potential application in the treatment of both Ras-mutated and wild type tumors. These data indicate that the antitumor effect of LB42708 can be associated with direct inhibition of VEGF-induced tumor angiogenesis by blocking Ras-dependent MAPK and PI3K/Akt signal pathways in tumor-associated endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ki Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 200-701, South Korea
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Seyfried TN, Shelton LM. Cancer as a metabolic disease. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2010; 7:7. [PMID: 20181022 PMCID: PMC2845135 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-7-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that impaired cellular energy metabolism is the defining characteristic of nearly all cancers regardless of cellular or tissue origin. In contrast to normal cells, which derive most of their usable energy from oxidative phosphorylation, most cancer cells become heavily dependent on substrate level phosphorylation to meet energy demands. Evidence is reviewed supporting a general hypothesis that genomic instability and essentially all hallmarks of cancer, including aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect), can be linked to impaired mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. A view of cancer as primarily a metabolic disease will impact approaches to cancer management and prevention.
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