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Farrukh UB, Bilal A, Zahid H, Iqbal M, Manzoor S, Firdous F, Furqan M, Azeem M, Emwas A, Alazmi M, Gao X, Saleem RSZ, Faisal A. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Carboxamides Capable of Causing Centrosome Declustering and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Usama B. Farrukh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Aishah Bilal
- Department of Biology Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Huda Zahid
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Maheen Iqbal
- Department of Biology Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Safia Manzoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Farhat Firdous
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Biology Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Biology Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Abdul‐Hamid Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari Alazmi
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S. Z. Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences Lahore 54792 Pakistan
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2
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Nardi F, Franco OE, Fitchev P, Morales A, Vickman RE, Hayward SW, Crawford SE. DGAT1 Inhibitor Suppresses Prostate Tumor Growth and Migration by Regulating Intracellular Lipids and Non-Centrosomal MTOC Protein GM130. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3035. [PMID: 30816200 PMCID: PMC6395665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase I (DGAT1) is a key enzyme in lipogenesis which is increased in metabolically active cells to meet nutrient requirements. DGAT1 has been recognized as an anti-obesity target; however, its role in the tumor microenvironment remains unclear. We postulated that, in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, augmented lipogenesis and growth are due to increased DGAT1 expression leading to microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) amplification. Thus, therapeutic targeting of DGAT1 potentially has tumor suppressive activity. We tested whether blocking DGAT1 in PCa cells altered MTOC and lipid signaling. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed for MTOC and triglyceride mediators. Treatment with a DGAT1 inhibitor was evaluated. We found a stepwise increase in DGAT1 protein levels when comparing normal prostate epithelial cells to PCa cells, LNCaP and PC-3. Lipid droplets, MTOCs, and microtubule-regulating proteins were reduced in tumor cells treated with a DGAT1 inhibitor. Depletion of the non-centrosomal MTOC protein GM130 reduced PCa cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition of DGAT1 reduced tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, and a negative feedback loop was discovered between DGAT1, PEDF, and GM130. These data identify DGAT1 as a promising new target for suppressing PCa growth by regulating GM130, MTOC number and disrupting microtubule integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Nardi
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Omar E Franco
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Philip Fitchev
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Alejandro Morales
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Renee E Vickman
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Simon W Hayward
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States
| | - Susan E Crawford
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University Research Institute, Affiliate of University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston, IL, 60201, United States.
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3
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Kim MK. Novel insight into the function of tankyrase. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6895-6902. [PMID: 30546421 PMCID: PMC6256358 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tankyrases are multifunctional poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including Wnt signaling, telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation. Tankyrases interact with target proteins and regulate their interactions and stability through poly(ADP-ribosyl) ation. In addition to their roles in telomere maintenance and regulation of mitosis, tankyrase proteins regulate tumor suppressors, including AXIN, phosphatase and tensin homolog and angiomotin. Therefore, tankyrases may be effective targets for cancer treatment. Tankyrase inhibitors could affect a variety of carcinogenic pathways that promote uncontrolled proliferation, including Wnt, AKT, yes-associated protein, telomere maintenance and mitosis regulation. Recently, novel aspects of the function and mechanism of tankyrases have been reported, and a number of tankyrase inhibitors have been identified. A combination of conventional chemotherapy agents with tankyrase inhibitors may have synergistic anticancer effects. Therefore, it is expected that more advanced and improved tankyrase inhibitors will be developed, enabling novel therapeutic strategies against cancer and other tankyrase-associated diseases. The present review discusses tankyrase function and the role of tankyrase inhibitors in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyung Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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4
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Prakash A, Garcia-Moreno JF, Brown JAL, Bourke E. Clinically Applicable Inhibitors Impacting Genome Stability. Molecules 2018; 23:E1166. [PMID: 29757235 PMCID: PMC6100577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in technology have facilitated the molecular profiling (genomic and transcriptomic) of tumours, and has led to improved stratification of patients and the individualisation of treatment regimes. To fully realize the potential of truly personalised treatment options, we need targeted therapies that precisely disrupt the compensatory pathways identified by profiling which allow tumours to survive or gain resistance to treatments. Here, we discuss recent advances in novel therapies that impact the genome (chromosomes and chromatin), pathways targeted and the stage of the pathways targeted. The current state of research will be discussed, with a focus on compounds that have advanced into trials (clinical and pre-clinical). We will discuss inhibitors of specific DNA damage responses and other genome stability pathways, including those in development, which are likely to synergistically combine with current therapeutic options. Tumour profiling data, combined with the knowledge of new treatments that affect the regulation of essential tumour signalling pathways, is revealing fundamental insights into cancer progression and resistance mechanisms. This is the forefront of the next evolution of advanced oncology medicine that will ultimately lead to improved survival and may, one day, result in many cancers becoming chronic conditions, rather than fatal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Prakash
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Juan F Garcia-Moreno
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - James A L Brown
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Emer Bourke
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
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Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Novel Griseofulvin Analogues with Improved Water Solubility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2018; 2017:7386125. [PMID: 29362676 PMCID: PMC5738580 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7386125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Griseofulvin 1 is an important antifungal agent that has recently received attention due to its antiproliferative activity in mammalian cancer cells. Study of SAR of some griseofulvin analogues has led to the identification of 2'-benzyloxy griseofulvin 3, a more potent analogue which retards tumor growth through inhibition of centrosomal clustering. However, similar to griseofulvin 1, compound 3 exhibited poor aqueous solubility. In order to improve the poor water solubility, six new griseofulvin analogues 5-10 were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity and water solubility. The semicarbazone 9 and aminoguanidine 10 analogues were the most potent against HCT116 and MCF-7 cell lines. In combination studies, compound 9 was found to exert synergistic effects with tamoxifen and 5-fluorouracil against MCF-7 and HCT116 cells proliferation, respectively. The flow cytometric analysis of effect of 9 on cell cycle progression revealed G2/M arrest in HCT116. In addition, compound 9 induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Finally, all synthesized analogues revealed higher water solubility than griseofulvin 1 and benzyloxy analogue 3 in pH 1.2 and 6.8 buffer solutions.
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6
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Bijnsdorp IV, Hodzic J, Lagerweij T, Westerman B, Krijgsman O, Broeke J, Verweij F, Nilsson RJA, Rozendaal L, van Beusechem VW, van Moorselaar JA, Wurdinger T, Geldof AA. miR-129-3p controls centrosome number in metastatic prostate cancer cells by repressing CP110. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16676-87. [PMID: 26918338 PMCID: PMC4941343 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome plays a key role in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, it is unclear how abnormal centrosome numbers are regulated when prostate cancer (PCa) cells become metastatic. CP110 was previously described for its contribution of centrosome amplification (CA) and early development of aggressive cell behaviour. However its regulation in metastatic cells remains unclear. Here we identified miR-129-3p as a novel metastatic microRNA. CP110 was identified as its target protein. In PCa cells that have metastatic capacity, CP110 expression was repressed by miR-129-3p. High miR-129-3p expression levels increased cell invasion, while increasing CP110 levels decreased cell invasion. Overexpression of CP110 in metastatic PCa cells resulted in a decrease in the number of metastasis. In tissues of PCa patients, low CP110 and high miR-129-3p expression levels correlated with metastasis, but not with the expression of genes related to EMT. Furthermore, overexpression of CP110 in metastatic PCa cells resulted in excessive-CA (E-CA), and a change in F-actin distribution which is in agreement with their reduced metastatic capacity. Our data demonstrate that miR-129-3p functions as a CA gatekeeper in metastatic PCa cells by maintaining pro-metastatic centrosome amplification (CA) and preventing anti-metastatic E-CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene V Bijnsdorp
- Department of Urology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmina Hodzic
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar Krijgsman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Broeke
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Verweij
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Jonas A Nilsson
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lawrence Rozendaal
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor W van Beusechem
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Albert A Geldof
- Department of Urology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Ogden A, Rida PCG, Aneja R. Centrosome amplification: a suspect in breast cancer and racial disparities. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:T47-T64. [PMID: 28515047 PMCID: PMC5837860 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The multifaceted involvement of centrosome amplification (CA) in tumorigenesis is coming into focus following years of meticulous experimentation, which have elucidated the powerful abilities of CA to promote cellular invasion, disrupt stem cell division, drive chromosomal instability (CIN) and perturb tissue architecture, activities that can accelerate tumor progression. Integration of the extant in vitro, in vivo and clinical data suggests that in some tissues CA may be a tumor-initiating event, in others a consequential 'hit' in multistep tumorigenesis, and in some others, non-tumorigenic. However, in vivo data are limited and primarily focus on PLK4 (which has CA-independent mechanisms by which it promotes aggressive cellular phenotypes). In vitro breast cancer models suggest that CA can promote tumorigenesis in breast cancer cells in the setting of p53 loss or mutation, which can both trigger CA and promote cellular tolerance to its tendency to slow proliferation and induce aneuploidy. It is thus our perspective that CA is likely an early hit in multistep breast tumorigenesis that may sometimes be lost to preserve aggressive karyotypes acquired through centrosome clustering-mediated CIN, both numerical and structural. We also envision that the robust link between p53 and CA may underlie, to a considerable degree, racial health disparity in breast cancer outcomes. This question is clinically significant because, if it is true, then analysis of centrosomal profiles and administration of centrosome declustering drugs could prove highly efficacious in risk stratifying breast cancers and treating African American (AA) women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ogden
- Department of BiologyGeorgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of BiologyGeorgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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8
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Morris EJ, Kawamura E, Gillespie JA, Balgi A, Kannan N, Muller WJ, Roberge M, Dedhar S. Stat3 regulates centrosome clustering in cancer cells via Stathmin/PLK1. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15289. [PMID: 28474672 PMCID: PMC5424153 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently have amplified centrosomes that must be clustered together to form a bipolar mitotic spindle, and targeting centrosome clustering is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. A high-content chemical screen for inhibitors of centrosome clustering identified Stattic, a Stat3 inhibitor. Stat3 depletion and inhibition in cancer cell lines and in tumours in vivo caused significant inhibition of centrosome clustering and viability. Here we describe a transcription-independent mechanism for Stat3-mediated centrosome clustering that involves Stathmin, a Stat3 interactor involved in microtubule depolymerization, and the mitotic kinase PLK1. Furthermore, PLK4-driven centrosome amplified breast tumour cells are highly sensitive to Stat3 inhibitors. We have identified an unexpected role of Stat3 in the regulation of centrosome clustering, and this role of Stat3 may be critical in identifying tumours that are sensitive to Stat3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Morris
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Eiko Kawamura
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Jordan A. Gillespie
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - Aruna Balgi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 4A2
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
| | - William J. Muller
- Department of Biochemistry, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Michel Roberge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 4A2
| | - Shoukat Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 1L3
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 4A2
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9
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Rabinowicz N, Mangala LS, Brown KR, Checa-Rodriguez C, Castiel A, Moskovich O, Zarfati G, Trakhtenbrot L, Levy-Barda A, Jiang D, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Pradeep S, van Praag Y, Lopez-Berestein G, David A, Novikov I, Huertas P, Rottapel R, Sood AK, Izraeli S. Targeting the centriolar replication factor STIL synergizes with DNA damaging agents for treatment of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:27380-27392. [PMID: 28423708 PMCID: PMC5432342 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced ovarian cancer is an incurable disease. Thus, novel therapies are required. We wished to identify new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer. ShRNA screen performed in 42 ovarian cancer cell lines identified the centriolar replication factor STIL as an essential gene for ovarian cancer cells. This was verified in-vivo in orthotopic human ovarian cancer mouse models. STIL depletion by administration of siRNA in neutral liposomes resulted in robust anti-tumor effect that was further enhanced in combination with cisplatin. Consistent with this finding, STIL depletion enhanced the extent of DNA double strand breaks caused by DNA damaging agents. This was associated with centrosomal depletion, ongoing genomic instability and enhanced formation of micronuclei. Interestingly, the ongoing DNA damage was not associated with reduced DNA repair. Indeed, we observed that depletion of STIL enhanced canonical homologous recombination repair and increased BRCA1 and RAD51 foci in response to DNA double strand breaks. Thus, inhibition of STIL significantly enhances the efficacy of DNA damaging chemotherapeutic drugs in treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Rabinowicz
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lingegowda S. Mangala
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin R. Brown
- Donnelly Centre and The Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cintia Checa-Rodriguez
- Department of Genetics, University of Sevilla and Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Asher Castiel
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Moskovich
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Giulia Zarfati
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Luba Trakhtenbrot
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Adva Levy-Barda
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dahai Jiang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yael van Praag
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ahuvit David
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilya Novikov
- Biostatistical Unit, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Pablo Huertas
- Department of Genetics, University of Sevilla and Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Robert Rottapel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shai Izraeli
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Gene Development and Environment Pediatric Research Institute, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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10
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Jung JK, Jang SW, Kim JM. A novel role for the deubiquitinase USP1 in the control of centrosome duplication. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:584-92. [PMID: 26822809 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1138185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in the regulation of centrosome duplication lead to tumorigenesis through abnormal cell division and resulting chromosome missegregation. Therefore, maintenance of accurate centrosome number is critical for cell fate. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP1 plays important roles in DNA repair and cell differentiation. Importantly, increased levels of USP1 are detected in certain types of human cancer, but little is known about the significance of USP1 overexpression in cancer development. Here we show that Usp1 plays a novel role in regulating centrosome duplication. The ectopic expression of wild-type Usp1, but not C90S Usp1 (catalytically inactive mutant form), induced centrosome amplification. Conversely, ablation of Usp1 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) showed a significant delay in centrosome duplication. Moreover, Usp1-induced centrosome amplification caused abnormal mitotic spindles, chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy. Interestingly, loss of inhibitor of DNA binding protein 1 (ID1) suppressed Usp1-induced centrosome amplification. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that Usp1 is involved in the regulation of centrosome duplication, at least in part via ID1, and Usp1 may exert its oncogenic activity, partially through inducing centrosome abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ki Jung
- a Department of Pharmacology , Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Seok-Won Jang
- a Department of Pharmacology , Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- a Department of Pharmacology , Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
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11
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Galletta BJ, Jacobs KC, Fagerstrom CJ, Rusan NM. Asterless is required for centriole length control and sperm development. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:435-50. [PMID: 27185836 PMCID: PMC4878089 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201501120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of the centriole protein Asterless (Asl) prevents centriole duplication, which has limited the study of its function at centrioles. Here, Galletta et al. show that Asl controls centriole length and ensures proper basal body functions during spermatogenesis. Centrioles are the foundation of two organelles, centrosomes and cilia. Centriole numbers and functions are tightly controlled, and mutations in centriole proteins are linked to a variety of diseases, including microcephaly. Loss of the centriole protein Asterless (Asl), the Drosophila melanogaster orthologue of Cep152, prevents centriole duplication, which has limited the study of its nonduplication functions. Here, we identify populations of cells with Asl-free centrioles in developing Drosophila tissues, allowing us to assess its duplication-independent function. We show a role for Asl in controlling centriole length in germline and somatic tissue, functioning via the centriole protein Cep97. We also find that Asl is not essential for pericentriolar material recruitment or centrosome function in organizing mitotic spindles. Lastly, we show that Asl is required for proper basal body function and spermatid axoneme formation. Insights into the role of Asl/Cep152 beyond centriole duplication could help shed light on how Cep152 mutations lead to the development of microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Galletta
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Katherine C Jacobs
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Carey J Fagerstrom
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Nasser M Rusan
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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12
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Milunović-Jevtić A, Mooney P, Sulerud T, Bisht J, Gatlin JC. Centrosomal clustering contributes to chromosomal instability and cancer. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 40:113-118. [PMID: 27046071 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cells assemble mitotic spindles during each round of division to insure accurate segregation of their duplicated genome. In animal cells, stereotypical spindles have two poles, each containing one centrosome, from which microtubules are nucleated. By contrast, many cancer cells often contain more than two centrosomes and form transient multipolar spindle structures with more than two poles. In order to divide and produce viable progeny, the multipolar spindle intermediate must be reshaped into a pseudo-bipolar structure via a process called centrosomal clustering. Pseudo-bipolar spindles appear to function normally during mitosis, but they occasionally give rise to aneuploid and transformed daughter cells. Agents that inhibit centrosomal clustering might therefore work as a potential cancer therapy, specifically targeting mitosis in supernumerary centrosome-containing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Mooney
- University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, United States
| | - T Sulerud
- University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, United States
| | - J Bisht
- University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, United States
| | - J C Gatlin
- University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, United States.
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13
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Hu S, Lu Y, Orr B, Godek K, Mustachio LM, Kawakami M, Sekula D, Compton DA, Freemantle S, Dmitrovsky E. Specific CP110 Phosphorylation Sites Mediate Anaphase Catastrophe after CDK2 Inhibition: Evidence for Cooperation with USP33 Knockdown. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:2576-85. [PMID: 26304236 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of solid tumor biology and is implicated in carcinogenesis. Preferentially eliminating malignant cells by targeting CIN and aneuploidy is an attractive antineoplastic strategy. We previously reported that CDK2 antagonism causes lung cancer cells to undergo anaphase catastrophe and apoptosis through inhibition of phosphorylation of the centrosomal protein CP110. Cells with activating KRAS mutations were particularly sensitive to CDK2 inhibition due to downregulation of CP110 protein levels. This study investigated mechanisms of CDK2 antagonism that mediate anaphase catastrophe via changes in CP110 protein expression and how activated KRAS affects CP110 levels in lung cancers. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed candidate CDK phosphorylation sites of CP110 (residues Ser 170 and Thr 194) critical for conferring anaphase catastrophe by altering centrosome clustering in mitosis. Intriguingly, KRAS mutation can promote CP110 protein degradation by upregulating the ubiquitin ligase SCF(cyclinF), which targets CP110 protein for destabilization. Finally, CDK2 inhibitor response was enhanced when combined with knockdown of the deubiquitinase USP33 that in turn accelerates CP110 protein degradation. Thus, this study provides molecular pharmacologic insights into how CP110 expression regulates response to CDK2 inhibition. An improved understanding of in vitro antineoplastic mechanisms of combining CDK2 antagonism with induced CP110 repression provides a rationale for exploring clinical consequences of this strategy. Taken together, preclinical findings obtained from combining CDK2 inhibition with USP33 repression have implications for treating patients with non-small cell lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhu Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Bernardo Orr
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Kristina Godek
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Lisa Maria Mustachio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Masanori Kawakami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - David Sekula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Duane A Compton
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Sarah Freemantle
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Ethan Dmitrovsky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
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14
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Wang B, Li K, Jin M, Qiu R, Liu B, Oakley BR, Xiang X. The Aspergillus nidulans bimC4 mutation provides an excellent tool for identification of kinesin-14 inhibitors. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 82:51-5. [PMID: 26117688 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome amplification is a hallmark of many types of cancer cells, and clustering of multiple centrosomes is critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Human kinesin-14 HSET/KFIC1 is essential for centrosome clustering, and its inhibition leads to the specific killing of cancer cells with extra centrosomes. Since kinesin-14 motor domains are conserved evolutionarily, we conceived a strategy of obtaining kinesin-14 inhibitors using Aspergillus nidulans, based on the previous result that loss of the kinesin-14 KlpA rescues the non-viability of the bimC4 kinesin-5 mutant at 42 °C. However, it was unclear whether alteration of BimC or any other non-KlpA protein would be a major factor reversing the lethality of the bimC4 mutant. Here we performed a genome-wide screen for bimC4 suppressors and obtained fifteen suppressor strains. None of the suppressor mutations maps to bimC. The vast majority of them contain mutations in the klpA gene, most of which are missense mutations affecting the C-terminal motor domain. Our study confirms that the bimC4 mutant is suitable for a cell-based screen for chemical inhibitors of kinesin-14. Since the selection is based on enhanced growth rather than diminished growth, cytotoxic compounds can be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States; Richard Montgomery High School, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Kristin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States; River Hill High School, Clarksville, MD, United States; USU Summer Research Training Program (USRTP), United States
| | - Max Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States; Wootton High School, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Rongde Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Plant Biology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Berl R Oakley
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Xin Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences - F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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15
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Haikarainen T, Krauss S, Lehtio L. Tankyrases: structure, function and therapeutic implications in cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 20:6472-88. [PMID: 24975604 PMCID: PMC4262938 DOI: 10.2174/1381612820666140630101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several cellular signaling pathways are regulated by ADP-ribosylation, a posttranslational modification catalyzed by members of the ARTD superfamily. Tankyrases are distinguishable from the rest of this family by their unique domain organization, notably the sterile alpha motif responsible for oligomerization and ankyrin repeats mediating protein-protein interactions. Tankyrases are involved in various cellular functions, such as telomere homeostasis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, glucose metabolism, and cell cycle progression. In these processes, Tankyrases regulate the interactions and stability of target proteins by poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. Modified proteins are subsequently recognized by the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF146, poly-ubiquitinated and predominantly guided to 26S proteasomal degradation. Several small molecule inhibitors have been described for Tankyrases; they compete with the co-substrate NAD+ for binding to the ARTD catalytic domain. The recent, highly potent and selective inhibitors possess several properties of lead compounds and can be used for proof-of-concept studies in cancer and other Tankyrase linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lari Lehtio
- SFI-CAST Biomedical Innovation Center, Unit for Cell Signaling, Oslo University Hospital, Forskningsparken, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway.
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16
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Donthamsetty S, Brahmbhatt M, Pannu V, Rida PCG, Ramarathinam S, Ogden A, Cheng A, Singh KK, Aneja R. Mitochondrial genome regulates mitotic fidelity by maintaining centrosomal homeostasis. Cell Cycle 2014; 13:2056-63. [PMID: 24799670 DOI: 10.4161/cc.29061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes direct spindle morphogenesis to assemble a bipolar mitotic apparatus to enable error-free chromosome segregation and preclude chromosomal instability (CIN). Amplified centrosomes, a hallmark of cancer cells, set the stage for CIN, which underlies malignant transformation and evolution of aggressive phenotypes. Several studies report CIN and a tumorigenic and/or aggressive transformation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-depleted cells. Although several nuclear-encoded proteins are implicated in centrosome duplication and spindle organization, the involvement of mtDNA encoded proteins in centrosome amplification (CA) remains elusive. Here we show that disruption of mitochondrial function by depletion of mtDNA induces robust CA and mitotic aberrations in osteosarcoma cells. We found that overexpression of Aurora A, Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), and Cyclin E was associated with emergence of amplified centrosomes. Supernumerary centrosomes in rho0 (mtDNA-depleted) cells resulted in multipolar mitoses bearing "real" centrosomes with paired centrioles at the multiple poles. This abnormal phenotype was recapitulated by inhibition of respiratory complex I in parental cells, suggesting a role for electron transport chain (ETC) in maintaining numeral centrosomal homeostasis. Furthermore, rho0 cells displayed a decreased proliferative capacity owing to a G 2/M arrest. Downregulation of nuclear-encoded p53 in rho0 cells underscores the importance of mitochondrial and nuclear genome crosstalk and may perhaps underlie the observed mitotic aberrations. By contrast, repletion of wild-type mtDNA in rho0 cells (cybrid) demonstrated a much lesser extent of CA and spindle multipolarity, suggesting partial restoration of centrosomal homeostasis. Our study provides compelling evidence to implicate the role of mitochondria in regulation of centrosome duplication, spindle architecture, and spindle pole integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meera Brahmbhatt
- Department of Biology; Georgia State University; Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Vaishali Pannu
- Department of Biology; Georgia State University; Atlanta, GA USA
| | | | | | - Angela Ogden
- Department of Biology; Georgia State University; Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Alice Cheng
- Department of Biology; Georgia State University; Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Keshav K Singh
- Departments of Genetics, Pathology, and Environmental Health and Center for Free Radical Biology, Center for Aging, and UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham, AL USA and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology; Georgia State University; Atlanta, GA USA
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Quantitative multi-parametric evaluation of centrosome declustering drugs: centrosome amplification, mitotic phenotype, cell cycle and death. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1204. [PMID: 24787016 PMCID: PMC4047924 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Unlike normal cells, cancer cells contain amplified centrosomes and rely on centrosome clustering mechanisms to form a pseudobipolar spindle that circumvents potentially fatal spindle multipolarity (MP). Centrosome clustering also promotes low-grade chromosome missegregation, which can drive malignant transformation and tumor progression. Putative ‘centrosome declustering drugs' represent a cancer cell-specific class of chemotherapeutics that produces a common phenotype of centrosome declustering and spindle MP. However, differences between individual agents in terms of efficacy and phenotypic nuances remain unexplored. Herein, we have developed a conceptual framework for the quantitative evaluation of centrosome declustering drugs by investigating their impact on centrosomes, clustering, spindle polarity, cell cycle arrest, and death in various cancer cell lines at multiple drug concentrations over time. Surprisingly, all centrosome declustering drugs evaluated in our study were also centrosome-amplifying drugs to varying extents. Notably, all declustering drugs induced spindle MP, and the peak extent of MP positively correlated with the induction of hypodiploid DNA-containing cells. Our data suggest acentriolar spindle pole amplification as a hitherto undescribed activity of some declustering drugs, resulting in spindle MP in cells that may not have amplified centrosomes. In general, declustering drugs were more toxic to cancer cell lines than non-transformed ones, with some exceptions. Through a comprehensive description and quantitative analysis of numerous phenotypes induced by declustering drugs, we propose a novel framework for the assessment of putative centrosome declustering drugs and describe cellular characteristics that may enhance susceptibility to them.
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18
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Akdeli N, Riemann K, Westphal J, Hess J, Siffert W, Bachmann HS. A 3'UTR polymorphism modulates mRNA stability of the oncogene and drug target Polo-like Kinase 1. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:87. [PMID: 24767679 PMCID: PMC4020576 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Polo-like Kinase 1 (PLK1) protein regulates cell cycle progression and is overexpressed in many malignant tissues. Overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in several cancer entities, whereby expression of PLK1 shows high inter-individual variability. Although PLK1 is extensively studied, not much is known about the genetic variability of the PLK1 gene. The function of PLK1 and the expression of the corresponding gene could be influenced by genomic variations. Hence, we investigated the gene for functional polymorphisms. Such polymorphisms could be useful to investigate whether PLK1 alters the risk for and the course of cancer and they could have an impact on the response to PLK1 inhibitors. METHODS The coding region, the 5' and 3'UTRs and the regulatory regions of PLK1 were systematically sequenced. We determined the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of putatively functional SNPs in 120 Caucasians and analyzed the linkage and haplotype structure using Haploview. The functional analysis included electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) for detected variants of the silencer and promoter regions and reporter assays for a 3'UTR polymorphism. RESULTS Four putatively functional polymorphisms were detected and further analyzed, one in the silencer region (rs57973275), one in the core promoter region (rs16972787), one in intron 3 (rs40076) and one polymorphism in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of PLK1 (rs27770). Alleles of rs27770 display different secondary mRNA structures and showed a distinct allele-dependent difference in mRNA stability with a significantly higher reporter activity of the A allele (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence that at least one genomic variant of PLK1 has functional properties and influences expression of PLK1. This suggests polymorphisms of the PLK1 gene as an interesting target for further studies that might affect cancer risk, tumor progression as well as the response to PLK1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neval Akdeli
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Riemann
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Jana Westphal
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Winfried Siffert
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hagen S Bachmann
- Institute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
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19
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Tarapore P, Ying J, Ouyang B, Burke B, Bracken B, Ho SM. Exposure to bisphenol A correlates with early-onset prostate cancer and promotes centrosome amplification and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90332. [PMID: 24594937 PMCID: PMC3940879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous. Animal studies found that BPA contributes to development of prostate cancer, but human data are scarce. Our study examined the association between urinary BPA levels and Prostate cancer and assessed the effects of BPA on induction of centrosome abnormalities as an underlying mechanism promoting prostate carcinogenesis. The study, involving 60 urology patients, found higher levels of urinary BPA (creatinine-adjusted) in Prostate cancer patients (5.74 µg/g [95% CI; 2.63, 12.51]) than in non-Prostate cancer patients (1.43 µg/g [95% CI; 0.70, 2.88]) (p = 0.012). The difference was even more significant in patients <65 years old. A trend toward a negative association between urinary BPA and serum PSA was observed in Prostate cancer patients but not in non-Prostate cancer patients. In vitro studies examined centrosomal abnormalities, microtubule nucleation, and anchorage-independent growth in four Prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2, 22Rv1, PC-3) and two immortalized normal prostate epithelial cell lines (NPrEC and RWPE-1). Exposure to low doses (0.01–100 nM) of BPA increased the percentage of cells with centrosome amplification two- to eight-fold. Dose responses either peaked or reached the plateaus with 0.1 nM BPA exposure. This low dose also promoted microtubule nucleation and regrowth at centrosomes in RWPE-1 and enhanced anchorage-independent growth in C4-2. These findings suggest that urinary BPA level is an independent prognostic marker in Prostate cancer and that BPA exposure may lower serum PSA levels in Prostate cancer patients. Moreover, disruption of the centrosome duplication cycle by low-dose BPA may contribute to neoplastic transformation of the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pheruza Tarapore
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Barbara Burke
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bruce Bracken
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Cancer Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Marina M, Saavedra HI. Nek2 and Plk4: prognostic markers, drivers of breast tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2014; 19:352-65. [PMID: 24389189 DOI: 10.2741/4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Nek2 and Plk4 kinases serve as crucial regulators of mitotic processes such as the centrosome duplication cycle and spindle assembly. Deregulation of these processes can trigger chromosome instability and aneuploidy, which are hallmarks of many solid tumors, including breast cancer. Emerging data from the literature illustrated various functions of Nek2 in breast cancer models, with compelling evidence of its prognostic value in breast tumors. The two kinases control distinct steps in the centrosome-centriole cycle and their dysregulation lead to centrosome amplification, marked by the presence of more than two centrosomes within the cell. We found single or composite overexpression of these kinases in breast tumor samples, regardless of subtype, which strongly associated with poor prognosis. Interestingly, in a panel of established cell lines, both kinases are highly expressed in Her2-positive breast cancer cells exhibiting centrosome amplification and trastuzumab resistance. In summary, it appears that Nek2 and Plk4 might synergize to promote breast tumorigenesis and may also be involved in tamoxifen and trastuzumab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Marina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Harold I Saavedra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
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21
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Centrosomes and the Art of Mitotic Spindle Maintenance. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 313:179-217. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800177-6.00006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Pihan GA. Centrosome dysfunction contributes to chromosome instability, chromoanagenesis, and genome reprograming in cancer. Front Oncol 2013; 3:277. [PMID: 24282781 PMCID: PMC3824400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique ability of centrosomes to nucleate and organize microtubules makes them unrivaled conductors of important interphase processes, such as intracellular payload traffic, cell polarity, cell locomotion, and organization of the immunologic synapse. But it is in mitosis that centrosomes loom large, for they orchestrate, with clockmaker's precision, the assembly and functioning of the mitotic spindle, ensuring the equal partitioning of the replicated genome into daughter cells. Centrosome dysfunction is inextricably linked to aneuploidy and chromosome instability, both hallmarks of cancer cells. Several aspects of centrosome function in normal and cancer cells have been molecularly characterized during the last two decades, greatly enhancing our mechanistic understanding of this tiny organelle. Whether centrosome defects alone can cause cancer, remains unanswered. Until recently, the aggregate of the evidence had suggested that centrosome dysfunction, by deregulating the fidelity of chromosome segregation, promotes and accelerates the characteristic Darwinian evolution of the cancer genome enabled by increased mutational load and/or decreased DNA repair. Very recent experimental work has shown that missegregated chromosomes resulting from centrosome dysfunction may experience extensive DNA damage, suggesting additional dimensions to the role of centrosomes in cancer. Centrosome dysfunction is particularly prevalent in tumors in which the genome has undergone extensive structural rearrangements and chromosome domain reshuffling. Ongoing gene reshuffling reprograms the genome for continuous growth, survival, and evasion of the immune system. Manipulation of molecular networks controlling centrosome function may soon become a viable target for specific therapeutic intervention in cancer, particularly since normal cells, which lack centrosome alterations, may be spared the toxicity of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- German A Pihan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
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23
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Masyuk TV, Lee SO, Radtke BN, Stroope AJ, Huang B, Banales JM, Masyuk AI, Splinter PL, Gradilone SA, Gajdos GB, LaRusso NF. Centrosomal abnormalities characterize human and rodent cystic cholangiocytes and are associated with Cdc25A overexpression. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 184:110-21. [PMID: 24211536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic cystogenesis in polycystic liver diseases is associated with abnormalities of cholangiocyte cilia. Given the crucial association between cilia and centrosomes, we tested the hypothesis that centrosomal defects occur in cystic cholangiocytes of rodents (Pkd2(WS25/-) mice and PCK rats) and of patients with polycystic liver diseases, contributing to disturbed ciliogenesis and cyst formation. We examined centrosomal cytoarchitecture in control and cystic cholangiocytes, the effects of centrosomal abnormalities on ciliogenesis, and the role of the cell-cycle regulator Cdc25A in centrosomal defects by depleting cholangiocytes of Cdc25A in vitro and in vivo and evaluating centrosome morphology, cell-cycle progression, proliferation, ciliogenesis, and cystogenesis. The cystic cholangiocytes had atypical centrosome positioning, supernumerary centrosomes, multipolar spindles, and extra cilia. Structurally aberrant cilia were present in cystic cholangiocytes during ciliogenesis. Depletion of Cdc25A resulted in i) a decreased number of centrosomes and multiciliated cholangiocytes, ii) an increased fraction of ciliated cholangiocytes with longer cilia, iii) a decreased proportion of cholangiocytes in G1/G0 and S phases of the cell cycle, iv) decreased cell proliferation, and v) reduced cyst growth in vitro and in vivo. Our data support the hypothesis that centrosomal abnormalities in cholangiocytes are associated with aberrant ciliogenesis and that accelerated cystogenesis is likely due to overexpression of Cdc25A, providing additional evidence that pharmacological targeting of Cdc25A has therapeutic potential in polycystic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana V Masyuk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Seung-Ok Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Brynn N Radtke
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Angela J Stroope
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bing Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jesús M Banales
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute-Donostia University Hospital-CIBERehd (Spanish Carlos III Health Institute), IKERBASQUE (Basque Foundation for Science) and University of Basque Country (UPV), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Anatoliy I Masyuk
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Patrick L Splinter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sergio A Gradilone
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gabriella B Gajdos
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nicholas F LaRusso
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Wu J, Mikule K, Wang W, Su N, Petteruti P, Gharahdaghi F, Code E, Zhu X, Jacques K, Lai Z, Yang B, Lamb ML, Chuaqui C, Keen N, Chen H. Discovery and mechanistic study of a small molecule inhibitor for motor protein KIFC1. ACS Chem Biol 2013; 8:2201-8. [PMID: 23895133 DOI: 10.1021/cb400186w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Centrosome amplification is observed in many human cancers and has been proposed to be a driver of both genetic instability and tumorigenesis. Cancer cells have evolved mechanisms to bundle multiple centrosomes into two spindle poles to avoid multipolar mitosis that can lead to chromosomal segregation defects and eventually cell death. KIFC1, a kinesin-14 family protein, plays an essential role in centrosomal bundling in cancer cells, but its function is not required for normal diploid cell division, suggesting that KIFC1 is an attractive therapeutic target for human cancers. To this end, we have identified the first reported small molecule inhibitor AZ82 for KIFC1. AZ82 bound specifically to the KIFC1/microtubule (MT) binary complex and inhibited the MT-stimulated KIFC1 enzymatic activity in an ATP-competitive and MT-noncompetitive manner with a Ki of 0.043 μM. AZ82 effectively engaged with the minus end-directed KIFC1 motor inside cells to reverse the monopolar spindle phenotype induced by the inhibition of the plus end-directed kinesin Eg5. Treatment with AZ82 caused centrosome declustering in BT-549 breast cancer cells with amplified centrosomes. Consistent with genetic studies, our data confirmed that KIFC1 inhibition by a small molecule holds promise for targeting cancer cells with amplified centrosomes and provided evidence that functional suppression of KIFC1 by inhibiting its enzymatic activity could be an effective means for developing cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaquan Wu
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Keith Mikule
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Wenxian Wang
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Nancy Su
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Philip Petteruti
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Farzin Gharahdaghi
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Erin Code
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Xiahui Zhu
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Kelly Jacques
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Zhongwu Lai
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Bin Yang
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Michelle L. Lamb
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Claudio Chuaqui
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Nicholas Keen
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Huawei Chen
- Discovery Sciences and ‡Oncology Innovative Medicine Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Ishigaki Y, Nakamura Y, Tatsuno T, Hashimoto M, Iwabuchi K, Tomosugi N. RNA-binding protein RBM8A (Y14) and MAGOH localize to centrosome in human A549 cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2013; 141:101-9. [PMID: 23949737 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-013-1135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
RBM8A (Y14) is carrying RNA-binding motif and forms the tight heterodimer with MAGOH. The heterodimer is known to be a member of exon junction complex on exporting mRNA and is required for mRNA metabolisms such as splicing, mRNA export and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Almost all RBM8A-MAGOH complexes localize in nucleoplasm and shuttle between nuclei and cytoplasm for RNA metabolism. Recently, the abnormality of G2/M transition and aberrant centrosome regulation in RBM8A- or MAGOH-deficient cells has been reported. These results prompt us to the reevaluation of the localization of RBM8A-MAGOH in human cells. Interestingly, our immunostaining experiments showed the localization of these proteins in centrosome in addition to nuclei. Furthermore, the transiently expressed eYFP-tagged RBM8A and Flag-tagged MAGOH also co-localized with centrosome signals. In addition, the proximity ligation in situ assay was performed to detect the complex formation in centrosome. Our experiments clearly showed that Myc-tagged RBM8A and Flag-tagged MAGOH formed a complex in centrosome. GFP-tagged PLK1 also co-localized with Myc-RBM8A. Our results show that RBM8A-MAGOH complex is required for M-phase progression via direct localization to centrosome rather than indirect effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Ishigaki
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku, 920-0293, Japan,
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Inada N, Uchiyama S. Methods and benefits of imaging the temperature distribution inside living cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/iim.13.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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