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Marinho LL, Rached FH, Morikawa AT, Tavoni TM, Cardoso APT, Torres RVA, Assuncao AN, Serrano CV, Nomura CH, Maranhão RC. Safety and possible anti-inflammatory effect of paclitaxel associated with LDL-like nanoparticles (LDE) in patients with chronic coronary artery disease: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1342832. [PMID: 38450375 PMCID: PMC10915057 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1342832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies in cholesterol-fed rabbits showed that anti-proliferative chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel associated with solid lipid nanoparticles (LDE) have marked anti-atherosclerotic effects. In addition, association with LDE nearly abolishes paclitaxel toxicity. We investigated whether treatment with LDE-paclitaxel changes plaque progression by coronary CT angiography and is safe in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Methods We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in patients with multi-vessel chronic coronary artery disease. Patients were randomized to receive IV infusions of LDE-paclitaxel (paclitaxel dose: 175 mg/m2 body surface) or LDE alone (placebo group), administered every 3 weeks for 18 weeks. All participants received guideline-directed medical therapy. Clinical and laboratory safety evaluations were made at baseline and every 3 weeks until the end of the study. Analysis of inflammatory biomarkers and coronary CTA was also performed at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment. Results Forty patients aged 65.6 ± 8 years, 20 in LDE-paclitaxel and 20 in placebo group were enrolled. Among those, 58% had diabetes, 50% had myocardial infarction, and 91% were in use of statin and aspirin. Baseline demographics, risk factors, and laboratory results were not different between groups. In all patients, no clinical or laboratory toxicities were observed. From the baseline to the end of follow-up, there was a non-significant trend toward a decrease in IL-6 levels and hsCRP in the LDE-paclitaxel group (-16% and -28%, respectively), not observed in placebo. Regarding plaque progression analysis, variation in plaque parameter values was wide, and no difference between groups was observed. Conclusion In patients with multivessel chronic coronary artery disease and optimized medical therapy, LDE-paclitaxel was safe and showed clues of potential benefits in reducing inflammatory biomarkers. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04148833, identifier (NCT04148833).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lage Marinho
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Hanna Rached
- Department of Cardiopneumology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aleksandra Tiemi Morikawa
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thauany Martins Tavoni
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Vicente Serrano
- Department of Cardiopneumology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Higa Nomura
- Department of Radiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul Cavalcante Maranhão
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto do Coracao (InCor) Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Occhiutto ML, Passos THM, Freitas FR, Maranhão RC, Costa VP. Intraoperative paclitaxel associated with lipid nanoparticles in trabeculectomy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 51:644-646. [PMID: 37272229 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo L Occhiutto
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estatual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thais H M Passos
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estatual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fatima R Freitas
- Instituto de Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Instituto de Coracao, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vital P Costa
- Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estatual de Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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Omidian H, Babanejad N, Cubeddu LX. Nanosystems in Cardiovascular Medicine: Advancements, Applications, and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1935. [PMID: 37514121 PMCID: PMC10386572 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite significant advancements in the development of pharmacological therapies, the challenges of targeted drug delivery to the cardiovascular system persist. Innovative drug-delivery systems have been developed to address these challenges and improve therapeutic outcomes in CVDs. This comprehensive review examines various drug delivery strategies and their efficacy in addressing CVDs. Polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, microparticles, and dendrimers are among the drug-delivery systems investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. Specific strategies for targeted drug delivery, such as magnetic nanoparticles and porous stent surfaces, are also discussed. This review highlights the potential of innovative drug-delivery systems as effective strategies for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Omidian
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Niloofar Babanejad
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Luigi X Cubeddu
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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Pepineli R, Santana AC, Silva FMO, Tavoni TM, Stolf NAG, Noronha IL, Maranhão RC. Use of paclitaxel carried in lipid nanoparticles to treat aortic allograft transplantation in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1092-1100. [PMID: 33950246 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test whether lipid core nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel (LDE-PTX) protect rat aortic allograft from immunological damage. METHODS Fisher and Lewis rats were used differing in minor histocompatibility loci. Sixteen Lewis rats were allocated to four-animal groups: SYNG (syngeneic), Lewis rats receiving aorta grafts from Lewis rats; ALLO (allogeneic), Lewis rats receiving aortas from Fisher rats; ALLO+LDE (allogeneic transplant treated with LDE), Lewis rats receiving aortas from Fisher rats, treated with LDE (weekly injection for 3 weeks); ALLO+LDE-PTX (allogeneic transplant treated with LDE-PTX), Lewis rats receiving aortas from Fisher rats treated with LDE-PTX (4 mg/kg weekly for 3 weeks). Treatments began on transplantation day. RESULTS Thirty days post-transplantation, SYNG showed intact aortas. ALLO and ALLO+LDE presented intense neointimal formation. In ALLO+LDE-PTX, treatment inhibited neointimal formation; narrowing of aortic lumen was prevented in ALLO and ALLO+LDE. LDE-PTX strongly inhibited proliferation and intimal invasion by smooth muscle cells, diminished 4-fold presence of apoptotic/dead cells in the intima, reduced the invasion of aorta by macrophages and T-cells and gene expression of pro-inflammatory tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). CONCLUSIONS LDE-PTX was effective in preventing the vasculopathy associated with rejection and may offer a potent therapeutic tool for post-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pepineli
- Laboratorio de Nefrologia Celular e Molecular, Divisao de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Alexandre C Santana
- Laboratorio de Nefrologia Celular e Molecular, Divisao de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Filipe M O Silva
- Laboratorio de Nefrologia Celular e Molecular, Divisao de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Thauany M Tavoni
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Noedir A G Stolf
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Irene L Noronha
- Laboratorio de Nefrologia Celular e Molecular, Divisao de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo.,Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas; Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Ma B, Xu H, Zhuang W, Wang Y, Li G, Wang Y. ROS Responsive Nanoplatform with Two-Photon AIE Imaging for Atherosclerosis Diagnosis and "Two-Pronged" Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003253. [PMID: 33078569 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, characterized by endothelial injury, progressive inflammation, and lipid deposition, can cause cardiovascular diseases. Although conventional anti-inflammatory drugs reveal a certain amount of therapeutic effect, more reasonable design on plaque targeting, local anti-inflammation, and lipid removal are still required for comprehensive atherosclerosis therapy. In this work, a theranostic nanoplatform is developed for atherosclerosis recognition and inhibition. A two-photon aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active fluorophore (TP) developed is linked to β-cyclodextrin (CD) with a ROS responsive bond, which can carry prednisolone (Pred) in its entocoele via supramolecular interaction to build a diagnosis-therapy compound two-photon fluorophore-cyclodextrin/prednisolone complexes (TPCDP). With TPCDP packaged by nanosized micelles based on a ROS sensitive copolymer poly (2-methylthio ethanol methacrylate)-poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine), the TPCDP@PMM can accumulate in atherosclerotic tissue through the damaged vascular endothelium. Activated by the local overexpressed ROS and rich lipid, the micelles are interrupted and TPCDP is further disintegrated with Pred release due to the relatively stronger interaction of lipid with CD, resulting in anti-inflammatory activity and lipid removal for atherosclerosis inhibition. Besides, labeled with the TP, TPCDP@PMM indicates a distinct two-photon AIE imaging on atherosclerosis recognition. The "two-pronged" therapeutic effect and plaque location ability has been confirmed in vivo on ApoE-/- mice, holding TPCDP@PMM a great promise for atherosclerosis theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Ma
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Weihua Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Gaocan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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6
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Zhang S, Li J, Hu S, Wu F, Zhang X. Triphenylphosphonium and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate-modified, tanshinone IIA-loaded lipid-polymeric nanocarriers for the targeted therapy of myocardial infarction. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:4045-4057. [PMID: 30022826 PMCID: PMC6045899 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s165590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Currently, the best treatment options for myocardial infarction focus on the restoration of blood flow as soon as possible, which include reperfusion therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and therapeutic thrombolytic drugs. Materials and methods In the present study, we report the development of lipid-polymeric nanocarriers (LPNs) for mitochondria-targeted delivery of tanshinone IIA (TN). D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was linked to the triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation. The LPNs were fabricated by nanoprecipitation method. LPNs were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in comparison with free drugs and other similar nanocarriers. Results The mean diameter of TN/nanoparticles (NPs) was 89.6 nm, while that of TN/LPNs was 121.3 nm. The zeta potential of TN/NPs and TN/LPNs was −33.6 and −22.3 mV, respectively. Compared with free TN and TN/NPs, TN/LPNs exhibited significantly improved compatibility and therapeutic efficiency. In addition, the in vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and infarct therapy studies in Sprague Dawley rats showed that TPP-TPGS/TN/LPNs had better efficiency than their nonmodified TN/LPNs counterparts in all respects. Conclusion These results indicated that the TPP-TPGS/TN/LPNs were promising nanocarriers for efficient delivery of cardiovascular drugs and other therapeutic agents for the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jingfang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shunpeng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Fangfang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xianzhao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China,
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7
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Gomes FLT, Maranhão RC, Tavares ER, Carvalho PO, Higuchi ML, Mattos FR, Pitta FG, Hatab SA, Kalil-Filho R, Serrano CV. Regression of Atherosclerotic Plaques of Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits by Combined Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel and Methotrexate Carried in Lipid Core Nanoparticles. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2018; 23:561-569. [PMID: 29779420 DOI: 10.1177/1074248418778836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, it was demonstrated that lipid core nanoparticles (LDE) resemble the low-density lipoprotein structure and carrying the antiproliferative agent paclitaxel (PTX) strongly reduced atherosclerosis lesions induced in rabbits by cholesterol feeding. Currently, the aim was to verify whether combining LDE-PTX treatment with methotrexate (MTX) associated with LDE (LDE-MTX) could accelerate the atherosclerosis regression attained with single LDE-PTX treatment, after withdrawing the cholesterol feeding. Thirty-eight rabbits were fed 1% cholesterol chow for 8 weeks. Six of these rabbits were then euthanized for analyses of the aorta (controls). In the remaining rabbits, cholesterol feeding was withdrawn, and those 32 animals were allocated to 3 groups submitted to different 8-week intravenous treatments, all once/week: LDE-PTX (n = 10; 4 mg/kg), LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX (n = 11; 4 mg/kg), and LDE-alone (n = 11). Rabbits were then euthanized and aortas were excised for morphometric, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analyses. After cholesterol feeding withdrawal, in comparison with LDE-alone group, both LDE-PTX and LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX treatments had the ability to increase the regression of plaque areas: -49% in LDE-PTX and -59% for LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX. However, only LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX treatment elicited reduction in the intima area, estimated in -57%. Macrophage presence in aortic lesions was reduced 48% by LDE-PTX and 43% by LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX treatment. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 was reduced by either LDE-PTX (74%) or LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX (78%). Tumor necrosis factor α gene expression was reduced 65% by LDE-PTX and 79% by LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX. In conclusion, treatment with LDE-PTX indeed accelerated plaque reduction after cholesterol feeding; LDE-PTX + LDE-MTX further increased this effect, without any observed toxicity. These results pave the way for the use of combined chemotherapy to achieve stronger effects on aggravated, highly inflamed atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando L T Gomes
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Hospital Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,3 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine R Tavares
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila O Carvalho
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria L Higuchi
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Mattos
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio G Pitta
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio A Hatab
- 2 Hospital Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil-Filho
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos V Serrano
- 1 Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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The Multifaceted Uses and Therapeutic Advantages of Nanoparticles for Atherosclerosis Research. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11050754. [PMID: 29738480 PMCID: PMC5978131 DOI: 10.3390/ma11050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are uniquely suited for the study and development of potential therapies against atherosclerosis by virtue of their size, fine-tunable properties, and ability to incorporate therapies and/or imaging modalities. Furthermore, nanoparticles can be specifically targeted to the atherosclerotic plaque, evading off-target effects and/or associated cytotoxicity. There has been a wealth of knowledge available concerning the use of nanotechnologies in cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, in particular in animal models, but with a major focus on imaging agents. In fact, roughly 60% of articles from an initial search for this review included examples of imaging applications of nanoparticles. Thus, this review focuses on experimental therapy interventions applied to and observed in animal models. Particular emphasis is placed on how nanoparticle materials and properties allow researchers to learn a great deal about atherosclerosis. The objective of this review was to provide an update for nanoparticle use in imaging and drug delivery studies and to illustrate how nanoparticles can be used for sensing and modelling, for studying fundamental biological mechanisms, and for the delivery of biotherapeutics such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and even cells all with the goal of attenuating atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the various atherosclerosis processes targeted mainly for imaging studies have been summarized in the hopes of inspiring new and exciting targeted therapeutic and/or imaging strategies.
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9
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Freitas SCMP, Tavares ER, Silva BMO, Meneghini BC, Kalil-Filho R, Maranhão RC. Lipid core nanoparticles resembling low-density lipoprotein and regression of atherosclerotic lesions: effects of particle size. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [PMID: 29513883 PMCID: PMC5912096 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20177090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Particles are usually polydispersed and size is an important feature for lipid-based drug delivery systems in order to optimize cell-particle interactions as to pharmacologic action and toxicity. Lipid nanoparticles (LDE) with composition similar to that of low-density lipoprotein carrying paclitaxel were shown to markedly reduce atherosclerosis lesions induced in rabbits by cholesterol feeding. The aim of this study was to test whether two LDE fractions, one with small (20-60 nm) and the other with large (60-100 nm) particles, had different actions on the atherosclerotic lesions. The two LDE-paclitaxel fractions, prepared by microfluidization, were separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation and injected (4 mg/body weight, intravenously once a week) into two groups of rabbits previously fed cholesterol for 4 weeks. A group of cholesterol-fed animals injected with saline solution was used as control to assess lesion reduction with treatment. After the treatment period, the animals were euthanized for analysis. After treatment, both the small and large nanoparticle preparations of LDE-paclitaxel had equally strong anti-atherosclerosis action. Both reduced lesion extension in the aorta by roughly 50%, decreased the intima width by 75% and the macrophage presence in the intima by 50%. The two preparations also showed similar toxicity profile. In conclusion, within the 20-100 nm range, size is apparently not an important feature regarding the LDE nanoparticle system and perhaps other solid lipid-based systems.
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10
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Daminelli EN, Fotakis P, Mesquita CH, Maranhão RC, Zannis VI. Tissue Uptake Mechanisms Involved in the Clearance of Non-Protein Nanoparticles that Mimic LDL Composition: A Study with Knockout and Transgenic Mice. Lipids 2017; 52:991-998. [PMID: 29094255 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-017-4306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipid core nanoparticles (LDE) resembling LDL behave similarly to native LDL when injected in animals or subjects. In contact with plasma, LDE acquires apolipoproteins (apo) E, A-I and C and bind to LDL receptors. LDE can be used to explore LDL metabolism or as a vehicle of drugs directed against tumoral or atherosclerotic sites. The aim was to investigate in knockout (KO) and transgenic mice the plasma clearance and tissue uptake of LDE labeled with 3H-cholesteryl ether. LDE clearance was lower in LDLR KO and apoE KO mice than in wild type (WT) mice (p < 0.05). However, infusion of human apoE3 into the apoE KO mice increased LDE clearance. LDE clearance was higher in apoA-I KO than in WT. In apoA-I transgenic mice, LDE clearance was lower than in apoA-I KO and than in apoA-I KO infusion with human HDL. Infusion of human HDL into the apoA-I KO mice resulted in higher LDE clearance than in the apoA-I transgenic mice (p < 0.05). In apoA-I KO and apoA-I KO infused human HDL, the liver uptake was greater than in WT animals and apoA-I transgenic animals (p < 0.05). LDE clearance was lower in apoE/A-I KO than in WT. Infusion of human HDL increased LDE clearance in those double KO mice. No difference among the groups in LDE uptake by the tissues occurred. In conclusion, results support LDLR and apoE as the key players for LDE clearance, apoA-I also influences those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine N Daminelli
- Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Panagiotis Fotakis
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Crete, Greece
| | - Carlos H Mesquita
- Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vassilis I Zannis
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Crete, Greece
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11
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Bagheri M, Mohammadi M, Steele TW, Ramezani M. Nanomaterial coatings applied on stent surfaces. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 11:1309-26. [PMID: 27111467 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2015-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of percutaneous coronary intervention and intravascular stents has revolutionized the field of interventional cardiology. Nonetheless, in-stent restenosis, inflammation and late-stent thrombosis are the major obstacles with currently available stents. In order to enhance the hemocompatibility of stents, advances in the field of nanotechnology allow novel designs of nanoparticles and biomaterials toward localized drug/gene carriers or stent scaffolds. The current review focuses on promising polymers used in the fabrication of newer generations of stents with a short synopsis on atherosclerosis and current commercialized stents, nanotechnology's impact on stent development and recent advancements in stent biomaterials is discussed in context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Bagheri
- Shariati Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, PO Box 935189-9983, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, PO Box 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohammadi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, PO Box 91775-1365, Iran
| | - Terry Wj Steele
- Division of Materials Technology, Materials & Science Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, PO Box 91775-1365, Iran
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12
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Fiorelli AI, Lourenço-Filho DD, Tavares ER, Carvalho PO, Marques AF, Gutierrez PS, Maranhão RC, Stolf NAG. Methotrexate associated to lipid core nanoparticles improves cardiac allograft vasculopathy and the inflammatory profile in a rabbit heart graft model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6225. [PMID: 28832763 PMCID: PMC5561808 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Coronary allograft vasculopathy is an inflammatory-proliferative process that compromises the long-term success of heart transplantation and has no effective treatment. A lipid nanoemulsion (LDE) can carry chemotherapeutic agents in the circulation and concentrates them in the heart graft. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of methotrexate (MTX) associated to LDE. Rabbits fed a 0.5% cholesterol diet and submitted to heterotopic heart transplantation were treated with cyclosporine A (10 mg·kg–1·day–1 orally) and allocated to treatment with intravenous LDE-MTX (4 mg/kg, weekly, n=10) or with weekly intravenous saline solution (control group, n=10), beginning on the day of surgery. Animals were euthanized 6 weeks later. Compared to controls, grafts of LDE-MTX treated rabbits showed 20% reduction of coronary stenosis, with a four-fold increase in vessel lumen and 80% reduction of macrophage staining in grafts. Necrosis was attenuated by LDE-MTX. Native hearts of both LDE-MTX and Control groups were apparently normal. Gene expression of lipoprotein receptors was significantly greater in grafts compared to native hearts. In LDE-MTX group, gene expression of the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-18, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-12 was strongly diminished whereas expression of anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 increased. LDE-MTX promoted improvement of the cardiac allograft vasculopathy and diminished inflammation in heart grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Fiorelli
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - D D Lourenço-Filho
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - E R Tavares
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - P O Carvalho
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A F Marques
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - P S Gutierrez
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R C Maranhão
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - N A G Stolf
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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13
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Influence of Drugs Carried in Lipid Nanoparticles in Coronary Disease of Rabbit Transplanted Heart. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 104:577-583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Wang Y, Lin W, Li C, Singhal S, Jain G, Zhu L, Lu L, Zhu R, Wang W. Multipronged Therapeutic Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine Qishenyiqi in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:98. [PMID: 28303103 PMCID: PMC5332380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Based on global gene expression profile, therapeutic effects of Qishenyiqi (QSYQ) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were investigated by integrated analysis at multiple levels including gene expression, pathways involved and functional group. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Sham-operated, AMI model (left anterior descending coronary artery ligation) and QSYQ-treated group. Cardiac tissues were obtained for analysing digital gene expression. Sequencing and transcriptome analyses were performed collaboratively, including analyses of differential gene expression, gene co-expression network, targeted attack on network and functional grouping. In this study, a new strategy known as keystone gene-based group significance analysis was also developed. Results: Analysis of top keystone QSYQ-regulated genes indicated that QSYQ ameliorated ventricular remodeling (VR), which is an irreversible process in the pathophysiology of AMI. At pathway level, both well-known cardiovascular diseases and cardiac signaling pathways were enriched. The most remarkable finding was the novel therapeutic effects identified from functional group analysis. This included anti-inflammatory effects mediated via suppression of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway and elevation of nitric oxide (NO); and amelioration of dyslipidaemia mediated via fatty acid oxidation. The regulatory patterns of QSYQ on key genes were confirmed by western blot, immunohistochemistry analysis and measurement of plasma lipids, which further validated the therapeutic effects of QSYQ proposed in this study. Conclusions: QSYQ exerts multipronged therapeutic effects on AMI, by concurrently alleviating VR progression, attenuating inflammation induced by arachidonic acid LOX pathway and NO production; and ameliorating dyslipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Weili Lin
- Key Lab of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Sarita Singhal
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center, State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center and Invision Health Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center, State University of New York at BuffaloBuffalo, NY, USA; Genome, Environment and Microbiome Community of Excellence, State University of New York at BuffaloBuffalo, NY, USA; Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Linghui Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing, China
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15
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Beg S, Jain S, Kushwah V, Bhatti GK, Sandhu PS, Katare OP, Singh B. Novel surface-engineered solid lipid nanoparticles of rosuvastatin calcium for low-density lipoprotein-receptor targeting: a Quality by Design-driven perspective. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:333-356. [PMID: 28093941 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present studies describe Quality by Design-oriented development and characterization of surface-engineered solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of rosuvastatin calcium for low density lipoprotein-receptor targeting. MATERIALS & METHODS SLNs were systematically prepared employing Compritol 888 and Tween-80. Surface modification of SLNs was accomplished with Phospholipon 90G and DSPE-mPEG-2000 as the ligands for specific targeting to the low density lipoprotein-receptors. SLNs were evaluated for size, potential, entrapment, drug release performance and gastric stability. Also, the formulations were evaluated for cellular cytotoxicity, uptake and permeability, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and biochemical studies. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Overall, the studies ratified enhanced biopharmaceutical performance of the surface-engineered SLNs of rosuvastatin as a novel approach for the management of hyperlipidemia-like conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwar Beg
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Mohali 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Kushwah
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Mohali 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Premjeet Singh Sandhu
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - O P Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India.,UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India
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16
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Reduction of Atherosclerotic Lesions by the Chemotherapeutic Agent Carmustine Associated to Lipid Nanoparticles. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2016; 30:433-443. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-016-6675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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17
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Yaroslavov A, Sybachin A, Zaborova O, Zezin A, Talmon Y, Ballauff M, Menger F. Multi-liposomal containers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 226:54-64. [PMID: 26372095 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Small unilamellar liposomes, 40-60 nm in diameter, composed of anionic diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin, CL(2-)) or phosphatidylcerine (PS(1-)) and zwitter-ionic egg yolk lecithin (EL) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), electrostatically complex with polystyrene microspheres, ca. 100 nm in diameter, grafted by polycationic chains ("spherical polycationic brushes", SPBs). Polymer/liposome binding studies were carried out using electrophoretic mobility (EPM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence, conductometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) as the main analytical tools. By these means a remarkably detailed picture emerges of molecular events inside a membrane. The following are among the most important conclusions that arose from the experiments: (a) binding of liposomes to SPBs is accompanied by flip-flop of anionic lipids from the inner to the outer leaflet of the liposomal membrane along with lateral lipid segregation into "islands". (b) The SPB-induced structural reorganization of the liposomal membrane, together with the geometry of anionic lipid molecules, determines the maximum molar fraction of anionic lipid (a key parameter designated as ν) that ensures the structural integrity of liposomes upon complexation: ν=0.3 for liposomes with conically-shaped CL(2-) and ν=0.5 for liposomes with anionic cylindrically-shaped PS(1-). (c) The number of intact liposomes per SPB particle varies from 40 for (ν=0.1) to 13 (ν=0.5). (d) By using a mixture of liposomes with variety of encapsulated substances, multi-liposomal complexes can be prepared with a high loading capacity and a controlled ratio of the contents. (e) In order to make the mixed anionic liposomes pH-sensitive, they are additionally modified by 30 mol% of a morpholinocyclohexanol-based lipid that undergoes a conformational flip when changing pH. Being complexed with SPBs, such liposomes rapidly release their contents when the pH is reduced from 7.0 to 5.0. The results allow loaded liposomes to be concentrated within a rather small volume and, thereby, the preparation of multi-liposomal containers of promise in the drug delivery field.
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