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Sun H, Qi C, Niu Y, Kang T, Wei Y, Jin G, Dong X, Wang C, Zhu W. Detection of Cytomegalovirus Antibodies Using a Biosensor Based on Imaging Ellipsometry. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136253. [PMID: 26295458 PMCID: PMC4546680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of mental disability in newborns in developed countries. There is an urgent need to establish an early detection and high-throughput screening method for CMV infection using portable detection devices. Methods An antibody analysis method is reported for the detection and identification of CMV antibodies in serum using a biosensor based on high spatial resolution imaging ellipsometry (BIE). CMV antigen (CMV-3A) was immobilized on silicon wafers and used to capture CMV antibodies in serum. An antibody against human immunoglobulin G (anti-IgG) was used to confirm the IgG antibody against CMV captured by the CMV-3A. Results Our results show that this assay is rapid and specific for the identification of IgG antibody against CMV. Further, patient serum was quantitatively assessed using the standard curve method, and the quantitative results were in agreement with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The CMV antibody detection sensitivity of BIE reached 0.01 IU/mL. Conclusions This novel biosensor may be a valuable diagnostic tool for analysis of IgG antibody against CMV during CMV infection screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Cai Qi
- Institute of Equipment Technology, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, #3, Beijing,China
| | - Yu Niu
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #15, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Kang
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #15, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxin Wei
- Food Laboratory, Beijing Inspection and Quarantine Testing Center, #6, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #15, Beijing, China
| | - Xianzhi Dong
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #15, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, #18877, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Zavattoni M, Rustico M, Tassis B, Lombardi G, Furione M, Piralla A, Baldanti F. Risk of congenital disease in 46 infected fetuses according to gestational age of primary human cytomegalovirus infection in the mother. J Med Virol 2015; 88:120-6. [PMID: 26118464 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Given the difficulty in establishing the exact time of HCMV transmission from mother to fetus, HCMV intrauterine infection was investigated in 46 infected fetuses/newborns by correlating maternal and fetal parameters with clinical outcome according to the time interval between the onset of maternal infection and prenatal diagnosis. In detail, 17/28 (60.7%) asymptomatic and 18/18 (100%) symptomatic fetuses/newborns were infected as a consequence of a primary maternal HCMV infection acquired ≤8 weeks of gestational age, while 11/28 (39.3%) asymptomatic and 0/18 (0%) symptomatic fetuses/newborns were congenitally infected when maternal infection was acquired >8 weeks' gestation. Symptomatic fetal infections appeared to be associated with a maternal primary infection occurring at ≤ 8 weeks' gestation. Cordocentesis performed at 20 weeks' gestation should be restricted to high risk infected fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Zavattoni
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rustico
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "V.Buzzi" Hospital, ICP, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Tassis
- Obstetric and Gynecology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Lombardi
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Furione
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Piralla
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Molecular Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Section of Microbiology, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Zavattoni M, Lombardi G, Rognoni V, Furione M, Klersy C, Stronati M, Baldanti F. Maternal, fetal, and neonatal parameters for prognosis and counseling of HCMV congenital infection. J Med Virol 2014; 86:2163-70. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Zavattoni
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Giuseppina Lombardi
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Vanina Rognoni
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Milena Furione
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Catherine Klersy
- Statistics and Biometrics; Direzione Scientifica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Mauro Stronati
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo; Pavia Italy
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Vauloup-Fellous C, Lazzarotto T, Revello MG, Grangeot-Keros L. Clinical evaluation of the Roche Elecsys CMV IgG Avidity assay. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1365-9. [PMID: 24584693 PMCID: PMC4077248 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has potentially severe consequences in newborns. The testing of pregnant women for CMV-specific antibodies may be useful for the identification of women at risk of transmitting the infection to the fetus. The determination of CMV IgG avidity helps to establish the timing of infection as IgG avidity matures during the course of infection. This study examines the performance of the Elecsys CMV IgG Avidity assay using preselected samples from patients at different phases of CMV infection. The Elecsys CMV IgG Avidity assay was tested at three sites using sequential samples from patients with recent primary CMV infection, as well as single samples from patients with recent primary or past CMV infection. The Elecsys assay discriminated well between early (low avidity) and late (high avidity) phases of infection in sequential serum samples. Overall, 98.8% of low-avidity samples corresponded to infection onset <180 days before sampling and 77.8% of all high-avidity results corresponded to infection onset >90 days before sampling. The assay's sensitivity was 90-97%, with specificity ranging from 89 to 100%, depending on the consideration of gray-zone avidity values. Single samples from recent primary or past infection showed similar distributions of avidity results. The Elecsys CMV IgG Avidity assay results are in agreement with preselected samples from patients with primary or past CMV infection, showing that the test is an adequate predictor of the phase of infection.
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Revello MG, Vauloup-Fellous C, Grangeot-Keros L, van Helden J, Dickstein Y, Lipkin I, Mühlbacher A, Lazzarotto T. Clinical evaluation of new automated cytomegalovirus IgM and IgG assays for the Elecsys(®) analyser platform. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 31:3331-9. [PMID: 22850741 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of physical and neurological abnormalities in newborns. Hence, the diagnosis of CMV infection in pregnant women is necessary in order to allow appropriate management of their pregnancy. New assays have been developed for the Roche Elecsys® immunoassay platform that detect CMV-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG, with the IgM assay designed to target IgM produced at the start of infection rather than IgM persisting later in infection. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the new assays compared with other commercial kits widely distributed in laboratories. The performance of the Elecsys and comparator CMV IgM and IgG assays was assessed using 967 preselected patient samples characterised by CMV infection status, as well as being compared using 1,668 unselected clinical samples. The Elecsys CMV IgM and IgG assays performed consistently with comparator assays using the preselected samples. The Elecsys CMV IgM assay showed improved sensitivity compared with the Enzygnost® assay in primary infection (91.2 % vs. 79.4 %) and improved specificity over the Architect® assay in potentially cross-reacting samples (94.1 % vs. 82.4 %). The Elecsys IgM assay reported fewer positive results in the later stages of CMV infection compared with ETI-CYTOK-M ELISA, while the Elecsys IgG assay reported slightly fewer negative results in the early stages of infection compared with ETI-CYTOK-G ELISA. There was good agreement between Elecsys and comparator assays using unselected clinical samples (range 90.4-99.4 %). The Elecsys CMV IgM and IgG assays compare well with routinely used assays and are suitable for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Revello
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, SC Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Pavia, Italy
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Genini E, Percivalle E, Sarasini A, Revello MG, Baldanti F, Gerna G. Serum antibody response to the gH/gL/pUL128–131 five-protein complex of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in primary and reactivated HCMV infections. J Clin Virol 2011; 52:113-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Revello MG, Fabbri E, Furione M, Zavattoni M, Lilleri D, Tassis B, Quarenghi A, Cena C, Arossa A, Montanari L, Rognoni V, Spinillo A, Gerna G. Role of prenatal diagnosis and counseling in the management of 735 pregnancies complicated by primary human cytomegalovirus infection: a 20-year experience. J Clin Virol 2011; 50:303-7. [PMID: 21277825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is well recognized. However, screening for maternal infection remains controversial in view of diagnostic challenges, counseling difficulties, and absence of medical treatment. OBJECTIVE To assess the role of prenatal diagnosis and counseling in the management of pregnancy complicated by primary HCMV infection. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study aimed at investigating diagnostic features, options, and pregnancy outcome in 735 women with primary HCMV infection over a period of 20 years (1990-2009). RESULTS Overall, 25.6% women were found to be seronegative before the actual pregnancy. However, none were informed about HCMV infection and potential prevention strategies. Diagnosis of primary HCMV infection was achieved by seroconversion in 44.4% cases and by different combinations of virus-specific IgM, low IgG avidity, and DNAemia in 43.9% cases. Non-specific symptoms and/or haematological/biochemical alterations were recalled by 73.5% women. The onset of infection could be established, and counseling adjusted accordingly in >90% cases. The overall rate of vertical transmission was 37.1%, ranging from 5.6% for preconceptional infections to 64.1% for third trimester infections. Amniocentesis was chosen by 43.1% women, whereas pregnancy termination was requested by 15.6%. CONCLUSIONS Reference virology centers and ad hoc trained and experienced physicians are required for accurate diagnosis of primary infection in pregnancy and ensuing counseling. Prenatal diagnosis has a central role in the management of pregnancies complicated by primary HCMV infection. HCMV-seronegative women should receive adequate information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Revello
- SC Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Fabbri E, Revello MG, Furione M, Zavattoni M, Lilleri D, Tassis B, Quarenghi A, Rustico M, Nicolini U, Ferrazzi E, Gerna G. Prognostic markers of symptomatic congenital human cytomegalovirus infection in fetal blood. BJOG 2010; 118:448-56. [PMID: 21199291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify fetal cord blood prognostic markers of symptomatic congenital human cytomegalovirus infection (HCMV). DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING Fetal medicine unit in Milan and Medical virology unit in Pavia, Italy. POPULATION HCMV-infected and -uninfected fetuses of mothers with primary HCMV infection during the period 1995-2009. METHODS Overall, 94 blood samples from as many fetuses of 93 pregnant women experiencing primary HCMV infection were examined for multiple immunological, haematological and biochemical markers as well as virological markers. Congenital HCMV infection was diagnosed by detection of virus in amniotic fluid, and symptomatic/asymptomatic infections were determined by ultrasound scans, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, histopathology or clinical examination at birth. Blood sample markers were retrospectively compared in symptomatic and asymptomatic fetuses with congenital infection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A statistical analysis was performed to determine the value of each parameter in predicting outcome. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that most nonviral and viral markers were significantly different in symptomatic (n = 16) compared with asymptomatic (n = 31) fetuses. Receiver operator characteristics analysis indicated that, with reference to an established cutoff for each marker, the best nonviral factors for differentiation of symptomatic from asymptomatic congenital infection were β(2) -microglobulin and platelet count, and the best virological markers were immunoglobulin M antibody and DNAaemia. β(2) -Microglobulin alone or the combination of these four markers reached the optimal diagnostic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS The determination of multiple markers in fetal blood, following virus detection in amniotic fluid samples, is predictive of perinatal outcome in fetuses with HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabbri
- Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Vittore Buzzi, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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Revello MG, Genini E, Gorini G, Klersy C, Piralla A, Gerna G. Comparative evaluation of eight commercial human cytomegalovirus IgG avidity assays. J Clin Virol 2010; 48:255-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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