1
|
Yoko N, Hiroshi Y, Ying J. Type and timing of exercise during lunch breaks for suppressing postprandial increases in blood glucose levels in workers. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12199. [PMID: 33605494 PMCID: PMC7893808 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suppression of postprandial hyperglycemia may aid in preventing lifestyle-related diseases in working people. The present study aimed to identify the types and timings of exercises that can be performed by working people during a 60-minute lunch break that are effective in attenuating postprandial increases in blood glucose levels. METHODS Healthy working people aged 20 years and older were subjected to aerobic (AER) or resistance (RES) exercise before (Pre) and after (Post) lunch, assuming a 60-minute lunch break, with fixed 20-minute lunch and rest periods. These exercise sessions of 4 different patterns were performed by each participant. Serial measurements of blood glucose levels were obtained every 15 minute using a Flash Glucose Monitoring System. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 11 participants who completed the protocol. Our incremental area under the curve (IAUC) analysis indicated that the AER-Post condition was associated with the most significant hypoglycemic effect, followed by the AER-Pre condition. Although the RES-Post showed no significant difference, a decrease in the IAUC comparison is apparent. However, the RES-Pre condition exerted no acute effect on blood glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS Workers may benefit from a 20-minute aerobic exercise period, following a 20-minute lunch and a 20-minute rest period, as this may help prevent progression to diabetes. Furthermore, performing 20-minute aerobic exercises prior to lunch may also attenuate postprandial increases in blood glucose levels. Therefore, if the lunch breaks are short, aerobic exercises are recommended before lunch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishiyama Yoko
- Graduate School of Occupational HealthGraduate School of Medical ScienceUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthFukuokaJapan
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of NursingFukuokaJapan
| | - Yamato Hiroshi
- Department of Health DevelopmentInstitute of Industrial Ecological SciencesUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthFukuokaJapan
| | - Jiang Ying
- Department of Health DevelopmentInstitute of Industrial Ecological SciencesUniversity of Occupational and Environmental HealthFukuokaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cui D, Drake JC, Wilson RJ, Shute RJ, Lewellen B, Zhang M, Zhao H, Sabik OL, Onengut S, Berr SS, Rich SS, Farber CR, Yan Z. A novel voluntary weightlifting model in mice promotes muscle adaptation and insulin sensitivity with simultaneous enhancement of autophagy and mTOR pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:7330-7344. [PMID: 32304342 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903055r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations to resistance exercise remains elusive despite the significant biological and clinical relevance. We developed a novel voluntary mouse weightlifting model, which elicits squat-like activities against adjustable load during feeding, to investigate the resistance exercise-induced contractile and metabolic adaptations. RNAseq analysis revealed that a single bout of weightlifting induced significant transcriptome responses of genes that function in posttranslational modification, metabolism, and muscle differentiation in recruited skeletal muscles, which were confirmed by increased expression of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), Down syndrome critical region 1 (Dscr1) and Nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 3 (Nr4a3) genes. Long-term (8 weeks) voluntary weightlifting training resulted in significantly increases of muscle mass, protein synthesis (puromycin incorporation in SUnSET assay) and mTOR pathway protein expression (raptor, 4e-bp-1, and p70S6K proteins) along with enhanced muscle power (specific torque and contraction speed), but not endurance capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fiber type transformation. Importantly, weightlifting training profound improved whole-body glucose clearance and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity along with enhanced autophagy (increased LC3 and LC3-II/I ratio, and decreased p62/Sqstm1). These data suggest that resistance training in mice promotes muscle adaptation and insulin sensitivity with simultaneous enhancement of autophagy and mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Key Laboratory of Adolescent and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert J Shute
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bevan Lewellen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Henan Zhao
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Olivia L Sabik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suna Onengut
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stuart S Berr
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Charles R Farber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ramirez‐Campillo R, Moran J, Chaabene H, Granacher U, Behm DG, García‐Hermoso A, Izquierdo M. Methodological characteristics and future directions for plyometric jump training research: A scoping review update. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:983-997. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez‐Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance. Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group Department of Physical Activity Sciences Universidad de Los Lagos Osorno Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio Universidad Mayor Santiago Chile
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences University of Essex Colchester UK
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences Research Focus Cognitive Sciences University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education Kef University of Jendouba Jendouba Tunisia
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences Research Focus Cognitive Sciences University of Potsdam Potsdam Germany
| | - David G. Behm
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Canada
| | - Antonio García‐Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN) IdiSNA Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) Pamplona Spain
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH Santiago Chile
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN) IdiSNA Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) Pamplona Spain
- Grupo GICAEDS. Programa de Cultura Física Deporte y Recreación Universidad Santo Tomás Bogotá Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu D, Russell RD, Remash D, Greenaway T, Rattigan S, Squibb KA, Jones G, Ross RM, Roberts CK, Premilovac D, Richards SM, Keske MA. Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow? Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1242-E1250. [PMID: 30351988 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00234.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The microcirculation in adipose tissue is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Resistance training (RT) often increases muscle mass and promotes a favorable metabolic profile in people with T2D, even in the absence of fat loss. Whether the metabolic benefits of RT in T2D are linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow is unknown. Eighteen sedentary people with T2D (7 women/11 men, 52 ± 7 yr) completed 6 wk of RT. Before and after RT, overnight-fasted participants had blood sampled for clinical chemistries (glucose, insulin, lipids, HbA1c, and proinflammatory markers) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC; 50 g glucose × 2 h) and a DEXA scan to assess body composition. Adipose tissue microvascular blood volume and flow were assessed at rest and 1 h post-OGC using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. RT significantly reduced fasting blood glucose ( P = 0.006), HbA1c ( P = 0.007), 2-h glucose area under the time curve post-OGC ( P = 0.014), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ( P = 0.005). This was accompanied by a small reduction in total body fat ( P = 0.002), trunk fat ( P = 0.023), and fasting triglyceride levels ( P = 0.029). Lean mass ( P = 0.003), circulating TNF-α ( P = 0.006), and soluble VCAM-1 ( P < 0.001) increased post-RT. There were no significant changes in adipose tissue microvascular blood volume or flow following RT; however those who did have a higher baseline microvascular blood flow post-RT also had lower fasting triglyceride levels ( r = -0.476, P = 0.045). The anthropometric, glycemic, and insulin-sensitizing benefits of 6 wk of RT in people with T2D are not associated with an improvement in adipose tissue microvascular responses; however, there may be an adipose tissue microvascular-linked benefit to fasting triglyceride levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Hu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China
| | - Ryan D Russell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Health Services, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley , Brownsville, Texas
| | - Devika Remash
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Timothy Greenaway
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Royal Hobart Hospital , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Stephen Rattigan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Kathryn A Squibb
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Renee M Ross
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Christian K Roberts
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dino Premilovac
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Stephen M Richards
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania , Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ramirez-Campillo R, Álvarez C, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R, Gentil P, Asadi A, Chaabene H, Moran J, Meylan C, García-de-Alcaraz A, Sanchez-Sanchez J, Nakamura FY, Granacher U, Kraemer W, Izquierdo M. Methodological Characteristics and Future Directions for Plyometric Jump Training Research: A Scoping Review. Sports Med 2018; 48:1059-1081. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
6
|
Hetrick MM, Naquin MR, Gillan WW, Williams BM, Kraemer RR. A Hydrothermally Processed Maize Starch and Its Effects on Blood Glucose Levels During High-Intensity Interval Exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2018; 32:3-12. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
7
|
Russell RD, Hu D, Greenaway T, Blackwood SJ, Dwyer RM, Sharman JE, Jones G, Squibb KA, Brown AA, Otahal P, Boman M, Al-Aubaidy H, Premilovac D, Roberts CK, Hitchins S, Richards SM, Rattigan S, Keske MA. Skeletal Muscle Microvascular-Linked Improvements in Glycemic Control From Resistance Training in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2017; 40:1256-1263. [PMID: 28687542 DOI: 10.2337/dc16-2750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin increases glucose disposal in part by enhancing microvascular blood flow (MBF) and substrate delivery to myocytes. Insulin's microvascular action is impaired with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Resistance training (RT) improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity, but whether this improvement is linked to augmented skeletal muscle microvascular responses in type 2 diabetes is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seventeen (11 male and 6 female; 52 ± 2 years old) sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes underwent 6 weeks of whole-body RT. Before and after RT, participants who fasted overnight had clinical chemistries measured (lipids, glucose, HbA1c, insulin, and advanced glycation end products) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC) (50 g × 2 h). Forearm muscle MBF was assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound, skin MBF by laser Doppler flowmetry, and brachial artery flow by Doppler ultrasound at baseline and 60 min post-OGC. A whole-body DEXA scan before and after RT assessed body composition. RESULTS After RT, muscle MBF response to the OGC increased, while skin microvascular responses were unchanged. These microvascular adaptations were accompanied by improved glycemic control (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and glucose area under the curve [AUC] during OGC) and increased lean body mass and reductions in fasting plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, advanced glycation end products, and total body fat. Changes in muscle MBF response after RT significantly correlated with reductions in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and OGC AUC with adjustment for age, sex, % body fat, and % lean mass. CONCLUSIONS RT improves OGC-stimulated muscle MBF and glycemic control concomitantly, suggesting that MBF plays a role in improved glycemic control from RT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Russell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.,Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Health Services, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX
| | - Donghua Hu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Timothy Greenaway
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sarah J Blackwood
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Renee M Dwyer
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - James E Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Squibb
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Aascha A Brown
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Petr Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Meg Boman
- Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Dino Premilovac
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Christian K Roberts
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Samuel Hitchins
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Rattigan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Michelle A Keske
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia .,Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Racil G, Zouhal H, Elmontassar W, Abderrahmane AB, De Sousa MV, Chamari K, Amri M, Coquart JB. Plyometric exercise combined with high-intensity interval training improves metabolic abnormalities in young obese females more so than interval training alone. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:103-9. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with the effects of 12 weeks of plyometric exercise combined with HIIT (P+HIIT) on anthropometric, biochemical, and physical fitness data in young obese females. Sixty-eight participants (age, 16.6 ± 1.3 y; body mass, 82.8 ± 5.0 kg; body fat, 39.4% ± 3.3%; body mass index z score, 2.9 ± 0.4) were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: HIIT (2 blocks per session of 6–8 bouts of 30-s runs at 100% velocity at peak oxygen uptake, with 30-s active recovery between bouts at 50%velocity at peak oxygen uptake (n = 23)); P+HIIT (2 blocks per session of 3 different 15-s plyometric exercises with 15-s passive recoveries, totaling 2 min for each plyometric exercise + the same HIIT program (n = 26)); or control (no exercise (n = 19)). Anthropometric (body mass, body mass index z score, body fat, lean body mass, and waist circumference), biochemical (plasma glucose, insulin, leptin and adiponectin concentrations, leptin/adiponectin ratio, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), physical fitness (peak oxygen uptake, velocity at peak oxygen uptake, squat jump, and countermovement jump performances), and energy intake data were collected. Both training programs improved the anthropometric, biochemical, and physical fitness variables. However, the P+HIIT program induced greater improvements than did the HIIT program in lean body mass (+3.0% ± 1.7%), plasma glucose and leptin concentrations (–11.0% ± 4.7% and –23.8% ± 5.8%, respectively), plasma leptin/adiponectin ratio (–40.9% ± 10.9%), HOMA-IR (–37.3% ± 6.2%), and squat jump performance (22.2% ± 7.5%). Taken together, these findings suggest that adding plyometric exercises to a HIIT program may be more beneficial than HIIT alone in obese female adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazi Racil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Movement Sport and Health Sciences Laboratory (M2S), UFR-APS, ENS-Rennes, University of Rennes 2, Rennes, France
| | - Wassim Elmontassar
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomaterials Research Applied to Orthopedics, National Institute of Orthopedics, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abderraouf Ben Abderrahmane
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education in Tunis, Ksar Said, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Maysa Vieira De Sousa
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, LIM-18, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karim Chamari
- Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre, Aspetar, Qatar; Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jeremy B. Coquart
- Centre of Transformations from Physical Activities and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Rouen, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| |
Collapse
|