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Li QZ, Fang Q, Zhao XT, Peng W. Motor ability development by integrating small-sided games into physical education class. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1259924. [PMID: 38318084 PMCID: PMC10839081 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1259924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhi Li
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Fang
- School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Tang Zhao
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wan Peng
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Flórez Gil E, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Vaquera A, Suárez-Iglesias D, Scanlan AT. The discriminative, criterion, and longitudinal validity of small-sided games to assess physical fitness in female basketball players. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:1498-1506. [PMID: 37947079 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2279819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The validity of small-sided games (SSG) for assessing physical fitness was evaluated in 21 female basketball players from senior (n = 8), under-18 years (n = 6), and under-16 years (n = 7) age categories. Players underwent fitness testing (countermovement jump [CMJ], agility T-test, repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test [YYIRT1]) and 3vs3-SSG before and after a 6-week preseason. Player demands were monitored during SSG using local positioning system and heart rate technology. Regarding discriminative validity, senior players produced better CMJ, agility T-test, and YYIRT1 performance (p < 0.05, effect size [ES] = 1.72-2.25), and more distance and PlayerLoad (p < 0.05, ES = 1.53-2.47) during SSG than under-18 players following the preseason. For criterion validity, total distance and distance completing high-intensity decelerations during SSG were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with CMJ (r = 0.44-0.66), YYIRT1 (r = 0.43-0.63), agility T-test (total distance only, r=-0.51), and RSA test performance (r=-0.49 to -0.52) among all players combined following the preseason. Regarding longitudinal validity, significantly better agility T-test and YYIRT1 performance (p ≤ 0.001, ES = 0.88-0.93) alongside lower heart rate during SSG (p = 0.001, ES = 0.88) were evident for all players combined following the preseason. These results partially support the validity of 3vs3-SSG to assess physical fitness in female basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vaquera
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - David Suárez-Iglesias
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Aaron T Scanlan
- School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
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Conte D, Palumbo F, Guidotti F, Matulaitis K, Capranica L, Tessitore A. Investigating External and Internal Loads in Male Older Adult Basketball Players during Official Games. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:111. [PMID: 36547657 PMCID: PMC9782224 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at assessing the external [Player Load (PL), acceleration (ACC), changes of direction (COD), JUMP, and their relative values (PL/min; ACC/min; COD/min and JUMP/min)] and internal [percentage of the peak heart rate (%HRpeak) and the training load calculated with the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) method (sRPE-load)] loads of masters (senior citizen) basketball players during official games. Thirteen male basketball masters players (age: 66.6 ± 2.1 years; body mass: 89.9 ± 8.7 kg; stature: 183.7 ± 4.6 cm) were monitored during an official Lietuvos Krepsinio Veteranu Lyga (LKVL) 65-year game. Beside descriptive analysis, a chi-square goodness of fit test was adopted to assess the differences in the distribution within JUMP, ACC and COD classes of intensities (i.e., low, medium and high). The results revealed PL = 269.9 ± 83.3 AU and PL/min = 6.54 ± 1.29 AU/min. Moreover, significant differences (p < 0.001) in the distribution of the intensity classes were found for JUMP, ACC, and COD, with the lowest intensities as the most frequent. Finally, HRpeak = 81.7 ± 8.1% and sRPE-load = 148.9 ± 69.7 AU were found, with sRPE = ~3 AU. In conclusion, a low external load during an official basketball game was found compared to other basketball populations. Moreover, a high objective internal load did not correspond to a low perceived demand, which might increase the training adherence and motivation during long-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Conte
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Palumbo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Guidotti
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Kestutis Matulaitis
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laura Capranica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Tessitore
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
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Effects of After-School Volleyball Program on Body Composition in Overweight Adolescent Girls. CHILDREN 2021; 9:children9010021. [PMID: 35053646 PMCID: PMC8774645 DOI: 10.3390/children9010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of an after-school volleyball program on body composition in overweight adolescent girls. Forty-two girls were randomly divided into a volleyball group (VG) (n = 22 age: 15.6 ± 0.5 years) and control group (CG) (n = 20; age: 15.5 ± 0.7 years). Both groups continued with their usual physical education activities, while VG was included as small-sided games, two times a week, after school, on modified volleyball courts. Body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat in kg, body fat percentage, and muscle mass were analyzed by a bioelectrical impedance method. There was a significant interaction of group (VG vs. CG) × time (pre-vs. post) for weight [F1, 40 = 7.933; p = 0.004] and BMI [F1, 40 = 5.764; p = 0.015]. Additionally, a significant main effect of time was found for body fat (kg) [F1, 40 = 17.650; p < 0.001] and body fat (%) [F1, 40 = 18.721; p < 0.001]. The results of the current study show that a twelve-week after-school volleyball program, including two sessions a week, can improve body composition in overweight adolescent girls.
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Piedra A, Caparrós T, Vicens-Bordas J, Peña J. Internal and External Load Control in Team Sports through a Multivariable Model. J Sports Sci Med 2021; 20:751-758. [PMID: 35321147 PMCID: PMC8488835 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2021.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Data related to 141 sessions of 10 semi-professional basketball players were analyzed during the competitive period of the 2018-2019 season using a multivariable model to determine possible associations between internal and external load variables and fatigue. Age, height, weight, sessional rate of perceived exertion (sRPE), summated-heart-rate-zones, heart rate variability, total accelerations and decelerations were the covariates, and post-session countermovement jump loss (10% or higher) the response variable. Based on the results observed, a rise in sRPE and accelerations and decelerations could be associated with increased lower-body neuromuscular fatigue. Observing neuromuscular fatigue was 1,008 times higher with each additional sRPE arbitrary unit (AU). Each additional high-intensity effort also increased the probability of significant levels of neuromuscular fatigue by 1,005 times. Fatigue arising from demanding sporting activities is acknowledged as a relevant inciting event leading to injuries. Thus, the methodology used in this study can be used then to monitor neuromuscular fatigue onset, also enhancing proper individual adaptations to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Piedra
- National Institute of Physical Education and Sport of Catalonia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Caparrós
- National Institute of Physical Education and Sport of Catalonia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Sport Performance Analysis Research Group, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vicens-Bordas
- Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience, Department of Medical Sciences; and School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Javier Peña
- Sport and Physical Activity Studies Centre, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Sport Performance Analysis Research Group, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
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Intensity-Modified Recreational Volleyball Training Improves Health Markers and Physical Fitness in 25-55-Year-Old Men. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9938344. [PMID: 34239935 PMCID: PMC8235980 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9938344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at determining the effects of intensity-modified recreational volleyball training on health markers and physical fitness in healthy middle-aged men. Thirty-four healthy untrained men aged 25–55 years were randomized to either a modified recreational volleyball group (MRV, n = 17) or a recreational volleyball group (RV, n = 17). Both groups performed volleyball training twice a week over 12 weeks, with participants in MRV playing a modified game with higher intensity due to shorter breaks between rallies. The small to moderate improvements of both groups were observed in SBP (MRV gav = −0.50 [-0.67, -0.33] vs. RV gav = −0.37 [-0.55, -0.20]) to a similar extent (p = 0.12). However, only the MRV significantly improved (p < 0.001) the mean body weight (gav = −0.35 [-0.52, -0.18]) and BMI (gav = −0.39 [-0.56, -0.22]) to a moderate extent and the YYIR1 performance (gav = 2.45 [2.22, 2.69]) to a large extent. Even though both groups significantly improved the rest HR, the mean change of rest HR was significantly greater in MRV as compared to the RV (p < 0.001, ŋp2 = 0.47). The study revealed that an intensity-modified type of recreational volleyball, involving shorter breaks between rallies, improves cardiorespiratory fitness and health markers for men aged 25–55 years.
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Aerobic capacity and respiratory patterns are better in recreational basketball-engaged university students than age-matched untrained males. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: To asses and compare the aerobic capacity and respiratory parameters in recreational basketball-engaged university students with age-matched untrained young adults.
Material and methods: A total of 30 subjects were selected to took part in the study based on recreational-basketball activity level and were assigned to a basketball (BG: n = 15, age 22.86 ± 1.35 yrs., body height 185.07 ± 5.95 cm, body weight 81.21 ± 6.15 kg) and untrained group (UG: n = 15, age 22.60 ± 1.50 yrs., body height 181.53 ± 6.11 cm, body weight 76.89 ± 7.30 kg). Inspiratory vital capacity (IVC), forced expiration volume (FEV1), FEV1/IVC ratio, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), ventilatory threshold (VO2VT) and time to exhaustion, were measured in all subjects. Student T-test for independent Sample and Cohen’s d as the measure of the effect size were calculated.
Results: Recreational basketball-engaged students (EG) reached significantly greater IVC (t = 7.240, p < 0.001, d = 1.854), FEV1 (t = 10.852, p < 0.001, d = 2.834), FEV1/IVC ratio (t = 6.370, p < 0.001, d = 3.920), maximal oxygen consumption (t = 9.039, p < 0.001, d = 3.310), ventilatory threshold (t = 9.859, p < 0.001, d = 3.607) and time to exhaustion (t = 12.361, p < 0.001, d = 4.515) compared to UG.
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to recreational basketball leads to adaptive changes in aerobic and respiratory parameters in male university students.
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Trajković N, Sporiš G, Krističević T, Bogataj Š. Effects of Small-Sided Recreational Volleyball on Health Markers and Physical Fitness in Middle-Aged Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093021. [PMID: 32349223 PMCID: PMC7246439 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether recreational volleyball organized as small-sided games could improve fitness and health profiles of middle-aged men after 10 weeks of training. Twenty-four healthy men aged 35-55 were randomized in a small-sided recreational volleyball group (RV = 12; age: 44.7 ± 6.34 years; body mass index: 25.85 ± 1.74) and control group (CON = 12; age: 42.9 ± 8.72 years; body mass index: 25.62 ± 1.48). The RV group carried out a volleyball training program, whereas the CON group continued their daily life activities during this period. The participants in the RV group performed 2/3 training sessions of 90 min per week. Results from a repeated measure ANOVA indicated a significant group × time interaction for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (F = 6.776, p = 0.016, partial ƞ2 = 0.235) and for resting heart rate (F = 11.647, p = 0.002, partial ƞ2 = 0.346) in favor of the RV group. No significant changes were observed for body weight, body mass index, and diastolic blood pressure. Results for physical fitness indicated a significant interaction for Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test-level 2 (F = 11.648, p = 0.003, partial ƞ2 = 0.380), with no significant changes in both groups for handgrip strength. Recreational small-sided volleyball can be an effective training modality to stimulate a decrease in LDL cholesterol and resting HR with small improvements in cardiovascular fitness. Recreational volleyball played only two times per week shows positive cardiovascular fitness and health-related adaptations, which may contribute to the reduction of the risk of developing lifestyle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojša Trajković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Goran Sporiš
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10110 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomislav Krističević
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10110 Zagreb, Croatia; (G.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Špela Bogataj
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-40-415-766
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Physiological responses and activity demands remain consistent irrespective of team size in recreational handball. Biol Sport 2020; 37:69-78. [PMID: 32205912 PMCID: PMC7075223 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.92516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of team size on acute physiological, perceptual, and activity demands of recreational handball to provide a better understanding for the potential prescription of recreational handball to achieve health benefits. Active, male college students (N=22) completed 3-, 4-, and 5-a-side handball game formats across three separate sessions following a repeated-measures, crossover design. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), distance covered, and frequency of accelerations/decelerations were monitored during games. Each game format elicited vigorous intensities with a mean HR in the range 82-85%HRmax and post-game BLa in the range 3.9-4.4 mmol·L-1. No significant differences (P>0.05) in absolute (ηp2=0.40), relative mean HR (ηp2=0.43), BLa (ηp2=0.16), total distance (ηp2=0.32), total accelerations (ηp2=0.23), or total decelerations (ηp2=0.23) were observed between game formats. A significant effect was observed for RPE (ηp2=0.51), where 3-a-side games elicited a higher RPE than 5-a-side games (P=0.03, large). Modifying player number has a negligible effect on the physiological and activity demands encountered during recreational handball games. Recreational handball consisting of 3-5 players imposes similar intermittent workloads, resulting in vigorous physiological responses concomitant with those recommended for overall health improvements as part of regular training.
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Scanlan AT, Dalbo VJ. Improving Practice and Performance in Basketball. Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:sports7090197. [PMID: 31461839 PMCID: PMC6783966 DOI: 10.3390/sports7090197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton 4702, Australia.
| | - Vincent J Dalbo
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton 4702, Australia
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