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Allen-Taylor D, Boro G, Cabato P, Mai C, Nguyen K, Rijal G. Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm in inflammatory breast cancer and its treatment strategies. Biofilm 2024; 8:100220. [PMID: 39318870 PMCID: PMC11420492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms represent a significant challenge in both clinical and industrial settings because of their robust nature and resistance to antimicrobials. Biofilms are formed by microorganisms that produce an exopolysaccharide matrix, protecting function and supporting for nutrients. Among the various bacterial species capable of forming biofilms, Staphylococcus epidermidis, a commensal organism found on human skin and mucous membranes, has emerged as a prominent opportunistic pathogen, when introduced into the body via medical devices, such as catheters, prosthetic joints, and heart valves. The formation of biofilms by S. epidermidis on these surfaces facilitates colonization and provides protection against host immune responses and antibiotic therapies, leading to persistent and difficult-to-treat infections. The possible involvement of biofilms for breast oncogenesis has recently created the curiosity. This paper therefore delves into S. epidermidis biofilm involvement in breast cancer. S. epidermidis biofilms can create a sustained inflammatory environment through their metabolites and can break DNA in breast tissue, promoting cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, and genetic instability. Preventing biofilm formation primarily involves preventing bacterial proliferation using prophylactic measures and sterilization of medical devices and equipment. In cancer treatment, common modalities include chemotherapy, surgery, immunotherapy, alkylating agents, and various anticancer drugs. Understanding the relationship between anticancer drugs and bacterial biofilms is crucial, especially for those undergoing cancer treatment who may be at increased risk of bacterial infections, for improving patient outcomes. By elucidating these interactions, strategies to prevent or disrupt biofilm formation, thereby reducing the incidence of infections associated with medical devices and implants, can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Allen-Taylor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
| | - G. Boro
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
| | - P.M. Cabato
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
| | - C. Mai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
| | - K. Nguyen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
| | - G. Rijal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Sciences, Tarleton State University, a Member of Texas A & M University System, Fort Worth, Texas, 76036, USA
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Khadraoui N, Essid R, Damergi B, Fares N, Gharbi D, Forero AM, Rodríguez J, Abid G, Kerekes EB, Limam F, Jiménez C, Tabbene O. Myrtus communis leaf compounds as novel inhibitors of quorum sensing-regulated virulence factors and biofilm formation: In vitro and in silico investigations. Biofilm 2024; 8:100205. [PMID: 38988475 PMCID: PMC11231753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance of the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its ability to form biofilm through the Quorum Sensing (QS) mechanism are important challenges in the control of infections caused by this pathogen. The extract of Myrtus communis (myrtle) showed strong anti-QS effect on C hromobacterium . violaceum 6267 by inhibiting 80 % of the production of violacein pigment at a sub-MIC concentration of 1/8 (31.25 μg/mL). In addition, the extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on virulence factors of P. aeruginosa PAO1 at half MIC (125 μg/mL), significantly reducing the formation of biofilms (72.02 %), the swarming activity (75 %), and the production of protease (61.83 %) and pyocyanin (97 %). The active fraction also downregulated the expression of selected regulatory genes involved in the biofilm formation and QS in the P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. These genes included the autoinducer synthase genes (lasI and rhlI), the genes involved in the expression of their corresponding receptors (lasR and rhlR), and the pqsA genes. The analysis of the active fraction by HPLC/UV/MS and NMR allowed the identification of three phenolic compounds, 3,5-di-O-galloylquinic acid, myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (myricitrin), and myricetin 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-ß-d-galactopyranoside. In silico studies showed that 3,5-di-O-galloylquinic acid, with an affinity score of -9.20 kcal/mol, had the highest affinity to the active site of the CviR protein (3QP8), a QS receptor from C. violaceum. Additionally, myricetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (myricitrin) and myricetin 3-O-(2″-O-galloyl)-ß-d-galactopyranoside interact to a lesser extent with 3QP8. In conclusion, this study contributed significantly to the discovery of new QS inhibitors from M. communis leaves against resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Khadraoui
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Rym Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Damergi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Fares
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Dorra Gharbi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Abel Mateo Forero
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre de Biotechnology de Borj Cedria, BP-901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Erika-Beáta Kerekes
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Hungary
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía e Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias. Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Olfa Tabbene
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, BP-901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
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Hindieh P, Yaghi J, Assaf JC, Chokr A, Atoui A, Louka N, Khoury AE. Unlocking the potential of lactic acid bacteria mature biofilm extracts as antibiofilm agents. AMB Express 2024; 14:112. [PMID: 39361085 PMCID: PMC11450114 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous growth of biofilm infections and their resilience to conventional cleaning methods and antimicrobial agents pose a worldwide challenge across diverse sectors. This persistent medical, industrial, and environmental issue contributes to treatment challenges and chronic diseases. Lactic acid bacteria have garnered global attention for their substantial antimicrobial effects against pathogens and established beneficial roles. Notably, their biofilms are also predicted to show a promising control strategy against pathogenic biofilm formation. The prevalence of biofilm-related problems underscores the need for extensive research and innovative solutions to tackle this global challenge. This novel study investigates the effect of different extracts (external, internal, and mixed extracts) obtained from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG biofilm on pathogenic-formed biofilms. Subsequently, external extracts presented an important eradication effectiveness. Furthermore, a 6-fold concentration of these extracts led to eradication percentages of 57%, 67%, and 76% for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, respectively, and around 99.9% bactericidal effect of biofilm cells was observed for the three strains. The results of this research could mark a significant breakthrough in the field of anti-biofilm and antimicrobial strategies. Further studies and molecular research will be necessary to detect the molecules secreted by the biofilm, and their mechanisms of action engaged in new anti-biofilm strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Hindieh
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA, Laboratoire de mycologie et sécurité des aliments (LMSA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
- Ecole Doctorale "Sciences et Santé", Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des Sciences Médicales et Infirmières, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Yaghi
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA, Laboratoire de mycologie et sécurité des aliments (LMSA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
| | - Jean Claude Assaf
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Balamand, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli, 1300, Lebanon.
| | - Ali Chokr
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology (RLM), Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
- Platform of Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Atoui
- Research Laboratory of Microbiology (RLM), Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadat Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA, Laboratoire de mycologie et sécurité des aliments (LMSA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
| | - André El Khoury
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche (CAR), Unité de Recherche TVA, Laboratoire de mycologie et sécurité des aliments (LMSA), Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, Campus des sciences et technologies, Mar Roukos, Matn, Lebanon
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Biswas T, Ahmed M, Mondal S. Mixed species biofilm: Structure, challenge and its intricate involvement in hospital associated infections. Microb Pathog 2024; 195:106866. [PMID: 39159773 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Hospital associated infections or healthcare associated infections (HAIs) are a major threat to healthcare and medical management, mostly because of their recalcitrant nature. The primary cause of these HAIs is bacterial associations, especially the interspecies interactions. In interspecies interactions, more than one species co-exists in a common platform of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), establishing a strong interspecies crosstalk and thereby lead to the formation of mixed species biofilms. In this process, the internal microenvironment and the surrounding EPS matrix of the biofilms ensure the protection of the microorganisms and allow them to survive under antagonistic conditions. The communications between the biofilm members as well as the interactions between the bacterial cells and the matrix polymers, also aid in the rigidity of the biofilm structure and allow the microorganisms to evade both the host immune response and a wide range of anti-microbials. Therefore, to design a treatment protocol for HAIs is difficult and it has become a growing point of concern. This review therefore first aims to discuss the role of microenvironment, molecular structure, cell-cell communication, and metabolism of mixed species biofilms in manifestation of HAIs. In addition, we discuss the electrochemical properties of mixed-species biofilms and their mechanism in developing drug resistance. Then we focus on the most dreaded bacterial HAI including oral and gut multi-species infections, catheter-associated urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Further, we highlight the challenges to eradication of the mixed species biofilms and the current and prospective future strategies for the treatment of mixed species-associated HAI. Together, the review presents a comprehensive understanding of mixed species biofilm-mediated infections in clinical scenario, and summarizes the current challenge and prospect of therapeutic strategies against HAI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehnaz Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
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5
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van der Ploeg GR, Brandt BW, Keijser BJF, van der Veen MH, Volgenant CMC, Zaura E, Smilde AK, Westerhuis JA, Heintz-Buschart A. Multi-way modelling of oral microbial dynamics and host-microbiome interactions during induced gingivitis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:89. [PMID: 39300083 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Gingivitis-the inflammation of the gums-is a reversible stage of periodontal disease. It is caused by dental plaque formation due to poor oral hygiene. However, gingivitis susceptibility involves a complex set of interactions between the oral microbiome, oral metabolome and the host. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the oral microbiome and its interactions with the salivary metabolome during experimental gingivitis in a cohort of 41 systemically healthy participants. We use Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), which is a multi-way generalization of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that can model the variability in the response due to subjects, variables and time. Using the modelled responses, we identified microbial subcommunities with similar dynamics that connect to the magnitude of the gingivitis response. By performing high level integration of the predicted metabolic functions of the microbiome and salivary metabolome, we identified pathways of interest that describe the changing proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbiota, variation in anaerobic bacteria, biofilm formation and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R van der Ploeg
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B W Brandt
- Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B J F Keijser
- Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO Healthy Living and Work, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M H van der Veen
- Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Paediatric Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C M C Volgenant
- Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cariology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Zaura
- Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A K Smilde
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J A Westerhuis
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Heintz-Buschart
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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6
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Aljarba TM, Abdel Bar FM, Sherif AE, Elekhnawy E, Magdy G, Samra RM. HPLC-PDA Analysis of Polyacetylene Glucosides from Launaea capitata and Their Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1214. [PMID: 39338376 PMCID: PMC11434657 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Bacterial resistance and virulence are challenges in treating bacterial infections, especially in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Plants of the Launaea Cass. genus are used traditionally to address a variety of diseases, including infections, but the potential bioactive compounds are unknown. Our goals were to verify the potential contribution of two major polyacetylene glycosides isolated from our previous study, (3S,6E,12E)-6,12-tetradecadiene-8,10-diyne-1-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and bidensyneoside A (syn. gymnasterkoreaside A) [(3R,8E)-3-hydroxy-8-decene-4,6-diyn-1-yl β-D-glucopyranoside] (2), to the anti-infective properties of Launaea capitata and to develop a dependable HPLC method for their quantification; Methods: On a panel of K. pneumoniae clinical isolates, the antibacterial action of 1, 2, and the methanol extract of the whole L. capitata plant were evaluated by broth microdilution assay, while their antibiofilm action was evaluated by the crystal violet assay. qRT-PCR investigated luxS, mrkA, wzm, and wbbm genes that encode biofilm formation and quorum sensing (QS). The antibacterial activity of 1 was revealed by employing mice infection. Chromatographic separation was conducted using isocratic elution on a Hypersil BDS C18 column using a photodiode array (PDA) detector; Results: Compound 1 showed antibacterial activity with MIC values of 16-128 µg/mL. It remarkably reduced strong and moderate biofilm-forming bacterial isolates from 84.21% to 42.1% compared with the extract (68.42%) and 2 (78.95%). Compound 1 also downregulated the QS genes, luxS, mrkA, wzm, and wbbm, and exhibited in vivo antibacterial action through the enhancement of the histological construction of the liver and spleen, decreased TNF-α immunoreaction, bacterial burden, and the inflammatory mediators IL-1β and IL-6. A successful HPLC-PDA approach was developed to separate the binary mixture of 1 and 2 in less than 10 min with high sensitivity, with detection limits down to 0.518 and 0.095 µg/mL for 1 and 2, respectively; Conclusions: Compound 1 exhibited remarkable antibacterial and antibiofilm properties and may contribute to the anti-infectious traditional uses of L. capitata, meriting further clinical studies and serving as a reliable quality control biomarker for the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq M Aljarba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma M Abdel Bar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Galal Magdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33511, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura National University, Gamasa 7731168, Egypt
| | - Reham M Samra
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Labib MM, Alqahtani AM, Abo Nahas HH, Aldossari RM, Almiman BF, Ayman Alnumaani S, El-Nablaway M, Al-Olayan E, Alsunbul M, Saied EM. Novel Insights into the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ); In Vitro, In Silico, and Shotgun Proteomic Studies. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1018. [PMID: 39199405 PMCID: PMC11352295 DOI: 10.3390/biom14081018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections pose a significant global health threat, affecting millions of individuals and leading to substantial mortality rates. The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional treatments requires the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a natural medicinal drug involved in various cellular processes, holds promise as a potential antimicrobial agent. In the present study, our aim was, for the first time, to explore the antimicrobial activity of PQQ against 29 pathogenic microbes, including 13 fungal strains, 8 Gram-positive bacteria, and 8 Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings revealed potent antifungal properties of PQQ, particularly against Syncephalastrum racemosum, Talaromyces marneffei, Candida lipolytica, and Trichophyton rubrum. The MIC values varied between fungal strains, and T. marneffei exhibited a lower MIC, indicating a greater susceptibility to PQQ. In addition, PQQ exhibited notable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, with a prominent inhibition observed against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, and MRSA strains. Remarkably, PQQ demonstrated considerable biofilm inhibition against the MRSA, S. epidermidis, and P. vulgaris strains. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed that PQQ caused structural damage and disrupted cell metabolism in bacterial cells, leading to aberrant morphology, compromised cell membrane integrity, and leakage of cytoplasmic contents. These findings were further affirmed by shotgun proteomic analysis, which revealed that PQQ targets several important cellular processes in bacteria, including membrane proteins, ATP metabolic processes, DNA repair processes, metal-binding proteins, and stress response. Finally, detailed molecular modeling investigations indicated that PQQ exhibits a substantial binding affinity score for key microbial targets, including the mannoprotein Mp1P, the transcriptional regulator TcaR, and the endonuclease PvuRTs1I. Taken together, our study underscores the effectiveness of PQQ as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent capable of combating pathogenic fungi and bacteria, while also inhibiting biofilm formation and targeting several critical biological processes, making it a promising therapeutic option for biofilm-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Labib
- Department of Bioinformatics, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Cairo 12619, Egypt;
| | - Alaa M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Rana M. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bandar Fahad Almiman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Al-Baha University, Al Bahah 65779, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sarah Ayman Alnumaani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha Alsunbul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Sinha S, Callow BW, Farfel AP, Roy S, Chen S, Rajendran S, Buschhaus JM, Espinoza CR, Luker KE, Ghosh P, Luker GD. Breast Cancers That Disseminate to Bone Marrow Acquire Aggressive Phenotypes through CX43-related Tumor-Stroma Tunnels. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.18.533175. [PMID: 36993616 PMCID: PMC10055300 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.533175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer commonly disseminates to bone marrow, where interactions with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) shape disease trajectory. We modeled these interactions with tumor-MSC co-cultures and used an integrated transcriptome-proteome-network-analyses workflow to identify a comprehensive catalog of contact-induced changes. Conditioned media from MSCs failed to recapitulate genes and proteins, some borrowed and others tumor-intrinsic, induced in cancer cells by direct contact. Protein-protein interaction networks revealed the rich connectome between 'borrowed' and 'intrinsic' components. Bioinformatics prioritized one of the 'borrowed' components, CCDC88A /GIV, a multi-modular metastasis-related protein that has recently been implicated in driving a hallmark of cancer, growth signaling autonomy. MSCs transferred GIV protein to ER+ breast cancer cells (that lack GIV) through tunnelling nanotubes via connexin (Cx)43-facilitated intercellular transport. Reinstating GIV alone in GIV-negative breast cancer cells reproduced ∼20% of both the 'borrowed' and the 'intrinsic' gene induction patterns from contact co-cultures; conferred resistance to anti-estrogen drugs; and enhanced tumor dissemination. Findings provide a multiomic insight into MSC→tumor cell intercellular transport and validate how transport of one such candidate, GIV, from the haves (MSCs) to have-nots (ER+ breast cancer) orchestrates aggressive disease states.
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Alimiran F, David S, Birks S, Oldham A, Henderson D. N-Acyl Homoserine Lactone Production by the Marine Isolate, Dasania marina. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1496. [PMID: 39065264 PMCID: PMC11279243 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dasania marina (isolate SD1D, with 98.5% sequence similarity to Dasania marina DMS 21967 KOPRI 20902) is a marine bacterium that was isolated from ballast tank fluids as part of a biofilm study in 2014. Our previous work indicated that although this strain produced no detectable biofilm, it was the only isolate to produce N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) in assays using the broad-range reporter strain, Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55. The goal of the current study was to determine the types of AHL molecules produced by the D. marina isolate using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) and C4- to C14-AHL as standards. A time course assay indicated that the D. marina strain produced the highest level of AHLs at 20 h of growth. When extracts were subjected to GCMS, detectable levels of C8- and C10-AHL and higher levels of C12-AHL were observed. Interestingly, several biofilm-forming isolates obtained from the same source also produced detectable amounts of several AHLs. Of the isolates tested, a strain designated SD5, with 99.83% sequence similarity to Alteromonas tagae BCRC 17571, produced unstable biofilms, yet detectable levels of C6-, C8-, C10- and C12-AHL, and isolate SD8, an Alteromonas oceani S35 strain (98.85% sequence similarity), produced robust and stable biofilms accompanied by detectable levels of C8- and C12-AHL. All isolates tested produced C12-AHL at higher levels than the other AHLs. Results from this study suggest that quorum sensing and biofilm formation are uncoupled in D. marina. Whether the suite of AHLs produced by this isolate could modulate biofilm formation in other strains requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fnu Alimiran
- Department of Biology, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX 79762, USA; (F.A.); (A.O.)
| | - Samuel David
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA; (S.D.)
| | - Scott Birks
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA; (S.D.)
| | - Athenia Oldham
- Department of Biology, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX 79762, USA; (F.A.); (A.O.)
| | - Douglas Henderson
- Department of Biology, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX 79762, USA; (F.A.); (A.O.)
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10
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Abousaty AI, Reda FM, Hassanin WA, Felifel WM, El-Shwiniy WH, Selim HMRM, Bendary MM. Sorbate metal complexes as newer antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anticancer compounds. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:262. [PMID: 39026170 PMCID: PMC11256447 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03370-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ineffectiveness of treatments for infections caused by biofilm-producing pathogens and human carcinoma presents considerable challenges for global public health organizations. To tackle this issue, our study focused on exploring the potential of synthesizing new complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) with sorbic acid to enhance its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anticancer properties. METHODS Four novel complexes were synthesized as solid phases by reacting sorbic acid with Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II). These complexes were characterized by various technique, including infrared spectra, UV-Visible spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and thermal analysis techniques, including thermogravimetry (TG). RESULTS The data acquired from all investigated chemical characterization methods confirmed the chemical structure of the sorbate metal complexes. These complexes exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, these complexes enhanced the antibacterial effects of commonly used antibiotics, such as gentamicin and imipenem, with fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices ≤ 0.5. Notably, the Cu(II) complex displayed the most potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 312.5 µg/mL and 625.0 µg/mL for Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Additionally, in vitro assays using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method showed inhibitory effects on the growth of the human colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116 cells) following treatment with the investigated metal complexes. The IC50 values for Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) were 3230 µg/mL, 2110 µg/mL, 3730 µg/mL, and 2240 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION Our findings offer potential for pharmaceutical companies to explore the development of novel combinations involving traditional antibiotics or anticancer drugs with sorbate copper complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira I Abousaty
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Fifi M Reda
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Wessam A Hassanin
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Walaa M Felifel
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Walaa H El-Shwiniy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bisha, 61922, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Heba M R M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 35527, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Bendary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt.
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11
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Brar NK, Dhariwal A, Shekhar S, Junges R, Hakansson AP, Petersen FC. HAMLET, a human milk protein-lipid complex, modulates amoxicillin induced changes in an ex vivo biofilm model of the oral microbiome. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1406190. [PMID: 39101559 PMCID: PMC11254628 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1406190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Challenges from infections caused by biofilms and antimicrobial resistance highlight the need for novel antimicrobials that work in conjunction with antibiotics and minimize resistance risk. In this study we investigated the composite effect of HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells), a human milk protein-lipid complex and amoxicillin on microbial ecology using an ex vivo oral biofilm model with pooled saliva samples. HAMLET was chosen due to its multi-targeted antimicrobial mechanism, together with its synergistic effect with antibiotics on single species pathogens, and low risk of resistance development. The combination of HAMLET and low concentrations of amoxicillin significantly reduced biofilm viability, while each of them alone had little or no impact. Using a whole metagenomics approach, we found that the combination promoted a remarkable shift in overall microbial composition compared to the untreated samples. A large proportion of the bacterial species in the combined treatment were Lactobacillus crispatus, a species with probiotic effects, whereas it was only detected in a minor fraction in untreated samples. Although resistome analysis indicated no major shifts in alpha-diversity, the results showed the presence of TEM beta-lactamase genes in low proportions in all treated samples but absence in untreated samples. Our study illustrates HAMLET's capability to alter the effects of amoxicillin on the oral microbiome and potentially favor the growth of selected probiotic bacteria when in combination. The findings extend previous knowledge on the combined effects of HAMLET and antibiotics against target pathogens to include potential modulatory effects on polymicrobial biofilms of human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Kaur Brar
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Achal Dhariwal
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sudhanshu Shekhar
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roger Junges
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders P. Hakansson
- Institute of Experimental Infection Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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12
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Suriyanarayanan T, Lee LS, Han SHY, Ching J, Seneviratne CJ. Targeted metabolomics analysis approach to unravel the biofilm formation pathways of Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates. Int Endod J 2024. [PMID: 38888425 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM (i) To characterize Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation pathways by semi-targeted metabolomics and targeted nitrogen panel analysis of strong (Ef63) and weak (Ef 64) biofilm forming E. faecalis clinical isolates and (ii) to validate the identified metabolic markers using targeted inhibitors. METHODOLOGY Previous proteomics profiling of E. faecalis clinical isolates with strong and weak biofilm formation revealed that differences in metabolic activity levels of small molecule, nucleotide and nitrogen compound metabolic processes and biosynthetic pathways, cofactor metabolic process, cellular amino acid and derivative metabolic process and lyase activity were associated with differences in biofilm formation. Hence, semi-targeted analysis of Ef 63, Ef 64 and ATC control strain Ef 29212 was performed by selecting metabolites that were part of both the previously identified pathways and a curated library with confirmed physical and chemical identity, followed by confirmatory targeted nitrogen panel analysis. Significantly regulated metabolites (p < .05) were selected based on fold change cut-offs of 1.2 and 0.8 for upregulation and downregulation, respectively, and subjected to pathway enrichment analysis. The identified metabolites and pathways were validated by minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and colony forming unit (CFU) assays with targeted inhibitors. RESULTS Metabolomics analysis showed upregulation of betaine, hypoxanthine, glycerophosphorylcholine, tyrosine, inosine, allantoin and citrulline in Ef 63 w.r.t Ef 64 and Ef 29212, and thesemetabolites mapped to purinemetabolism, urea cycle and aspartate metabolism pathways. MBIC and CFU assays using compounds against selected metabolites and metabolic pathways, namely glutathione against hypoxanthine and hydroxylamine against aspartate metabolism showed inhibitory effects against E. faecalis biofilm formation. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated the importance of oxidative stress inducers such as hypoxanthine and aspartate metabolism pathway in E. faecalis biofilm formation. Targeted therapeutics against these metabolic markers can reduce the healthcare burden associated with E. faecalis infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanujaa Suriyanarayanan
- Singapore Oral Multiomics Initiative (SOMI), National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lye Siang Lee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon Hong Yu Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianhong Ching
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaminda J Seneviratne
- Singapore Oral Multiomics Initiative (SOMI), National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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13
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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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14
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Lange A, Matuszewski A, Kutwin M, Ostrowska A, Jaworski S. Farnesol and Selected Nanoparticles (Silver, Gold, Copper, and Zinc Oxide) as Effective Agents Against Biofilms Formed by Pathogenic Microorganisms. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2024; 17:107-125. [PMID: 38645468 PMCID: PMC11032122 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s457124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Biofilms, which are created by most microorganisms, are known for their widely developed drug resistance, even more than planktonic forms of microorganisms. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of agents composed of farnesol and nanoparticles (silver, gold, copper, and zinc oxide) in the degradation of biofilms produced by pathogenic microorganisms. Methods Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans were used to create the biofilm structure. Colloidal suspensions of silver, gold, copper, and zinc oxide (Ag, Au, Cu, ZnO) with the addition of farnesol (F) were used as the treatment factor. The size distribution of those composites was analyzed, their zeta potential was measured, and their structure was visualized by transmission electron microscopy. The viability of the microorganism strains was assessed by an XTT assay, the ability to form biofilms was analyzed by confocal microscopy, and the changes in biofilm structure were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The general toxicity toward the HFFF2 cell line was determined by a neutral red assay and a human inflammation antibody array. Results The link between the two components (farnesol and nanoparticles) caused mutual stability of both components. Planktonic forms of the microorganisms were the most sensitive when exposed to AgF and CuF; however, the biofilm structure of all microorganism strains was the most disrupted (both inhibition of formation and changes within the structure) after AgF treatment. Composites were not toxic toward the HFFF2 cell line, although the expression of several cytokines was higher than in the not-treated group. Conclusion The in vitro studies demonstrated antibiofilm properties of composites based on farnesol and nanoparticles. The greatest changes in biofilm structure were triggered by AgF, causing an alteration in the biofilm formation process as well as in the biofilm structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Lange
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Matuszewski
- Department of Animal Environment Biology, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kutwin
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Araújo D, Silva AR, Fernandes R, Serra P, Barros MM, Campos AM, Oliveira R, Silva S, Almeida C, Castro J. Emerging Approaches for Mitigating Biofilm-Formation-Associated Infections in Farm, Wild, and Companion Animals. Pathogens 2024; 13:320. [PMID: 38668275 PMCID: PMC11054384 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of addressing the problem of biofilms in farm, wild, and companion animals lies in their pervasive impact on animal health and welfare. Biofilms, as resilient communities of microorganisms, pose a persistent challenge in causing infections and complicating treatment strategies. Recognizing and understanding the importance of mitigating biofilm formation is critical to ensuring the welfare of animals in a variety of settings, from farms to the wild and companion animals. Effectively addressing this issue not only improves the overall health of individual animals, but also contributes to the broader goals of sustainable agriculture, wildlife conservation, and responsible pet ownership. This review examines the current understanding of biofilm formation in animal diseases and elucidates the complex processes involved. Recognizing the limitations of traditional antibiotic treatments, mechanisms of resistance associated with biofilms are explored. The focus is on alternative therapeutic strategies to control biofilm, with illuminating case studies providing valuable context and practical insights. In conclusion, the review highlights the importance of exploring emerging approaches to mitigate biofilm formation in animals. It consolidates existing knowledge, highlights gaps in understanding, and encourages further research to address this critical facet of animal health. The comprehensive perspective provided by this review serves as a foundation for future investigations and interventions to improve the management of biofilm-associated infections in diverse animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Araújo
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Patrícia Serra
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Maria Margarida Barros
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CECAV—Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Campos
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Ricardo Oliveira
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carina Almeida
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- AliCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Castro
- INIAV—National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinarian Research, Rua dos Lagidos, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (R.F.); (P.S.); (M.M.B.); (A.M.C.); (R.O.); (S.S.); (C.A.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Alharbi NK, Azeez ZF, Alhussain HM, Shahlol AMA, Albureikan MOI, Elsehrawy MG, Aloraini GS, El-Nablaway M, Khatrawi EM, Ghareeb A. Tapping the biosynthetic potential of marine Bacillus licheniformis LHG166, a prolific sulphated exopolysaccharide producer: structural insights, bio-prospecting its antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial and anti-biofilm potency as a novel anti-infective lead. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1385493. [PMID: 38659983 PMCID: PMC11039919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating global threat of antimicrobial resistance necessitates prospecting uncharted microbial biodiversity for novel therapeutic leads. This study mines the promising chemical richness of Bacillus licheniformis LHG166, a prolific exopolysaccharide (EPSR2-7.22 g/L). It comprised 5 different monosaccharides with 48.11% uronic acid, 17.40% sulfate groups, and 6.09% N-acetyl glucosamine residues. EPSR2 displayed potent antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS+, TAC and FRAP assays. Of all the fungi tested, the yeast Candida albicans displayed the highest susceptibility and antibiofilm inhibition. The fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium glabrum showed moderate EPSR2 susceptibility. In contrast, the fungi Mucor circinelloides and Trichoderma harzianum were resistant. Among G+ve tested bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis was the most susceptible, while Salmonella typhi was the most sensitive to G-ve pathogens. Encouragingly, EPSR2 predominantly demonstrated bactericidal effects against both bacterial classes based on MBC/MIC of either 1 or 2 superior Gentamicin. At 75% of MBC, EPSR2 displayed the highest anti-biofilm activity of 88.30% against B. subtilis, while for G-ve antibiofilm inhibition, At 75% of MBC, EPSR2 displayed the highest anti-biofilm activity of 96.63% against Escherichia coli, Even at the lowest dose of 25% MBC, EPSR2 reduced biofilm formation by 84.13% in E. coli, 61.46% in B. subtilis. The microbial metabolite EPSR2 from Bacillus licheniformis LHG166 shows promise as an eco-friendly natural antibiotic alternative for treating infections and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada K. Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Aisha M. A. Shahlol
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Wadi-Al-Shatii University, Brack, Libya
| | - Mona Othman I. Albureikan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Gamal Elsehrawy
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdelaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Ghfren S. Aloraini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham Mohammed Khatrawi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ghareeb
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Koti K, Rodas-Gonzalez A, Nadon C, McAllister T, Yang X, Narváez-Bravo C. Evaluating disinfectant efficacy on mixed biofilms comprising Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, and spoilage microorganisms. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1360645. [PMID: 38633705 PMCID: PMC11021663 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1360645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of temperature and the presence of other microorganisms on the susceptibility of STEC to biocides. Mature biofilms were formed at both 10°C and 25°C. An inoculum of planktonic bacteria comprising 106 CFU/mL of spoilage bacteria and 103 CFU/mL of a single E. coli strain (O157, O111, O103, and O12) was used to form mixed biofilms. The following bacterial combinations were tested: T1: Carnobacterium piscicola + Lactobacillus bulgaricus + STEC, T2: Comamonas koreensis + Raoultella terrigena + STEC, and T3: Pseudomonas aeruginosa + C. koreensis + STEC. Tested biocides included quaternary ammonium compounds (Quats), sodium hypochlorite (Shypo), sodium hydroxide (SHyd), hydrogen peroxide (HyP), and BioDestroy®-organic peroxyacetic acid (PAA). Biocides were applied to 6-day-old biofilms. Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) and Biofilm Eradication Concentrations (BEC) were determined. Planktonic cells and single-species biofilms exhibited greater susceptibility to sanitizers (p < 0.0001). Lactobacillus and Carnobacterium were more susceptible than the rest of the tested bacteria (p < 0.0001). Single species biofilms formed by E. coli O111, O121, O157, and O45 showed resistance (100%) to Shypo sanitizer (200 ppm) at 25°C. From the most effective to the least effective, sanitizer performance on single-species biofilms was PAA > Quats > HyP > SHyd > Shypo. In multi-species biofilms, spoilage bacteria within T1, T2, and T3 biofilms showed elevated resistance to SHyd (30%), followed by quats (23.25%), HyP (15.41%), SHypo (9.70%), and BioDestroy® (3.42%; p < 0.0001). Within T1, T2, and T3, the combined STEC strains exhibited superior survival to Quats (23.91%), followed by HyP (19.57%), SHypo (18.12%), SHyd (16.67%), and BioDestroy® (4.35%; p < 0.0001). O157:H7-R508 strains were less tolerant to Quats and Shypo when combined with T2 and T3 (p < 0.0001). O157:H7 and O103:H2 strains in mixed biofilms T1, T2, and T3 exhibited higher biocide resistance than the weak biofilm former, O145:H2 (p < 0.0001). The study shows that STEC within multi-species biofilms' are more tolerant to disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Koti
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Celine Nadon
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tim McAllister
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Xianqin Yang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Claudia Narváez-Bravo
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Brar NK, Dhariwal A, Åmdal HA, Junges R, Salvadori G, Baker JL, Edlund A, Petersen FC. Exploring ex vivo biofilm dynamics: consequences of low ampicillin concentrations on the human oral microbiome. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:37. [PMID: 38565843 PMCID: PMC10987642 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to antibiotics at low concentration can promote processes associated with bacterial biofilm formation, virulence and antibiotic resistance. This can be of high relevance in microbial communities like the oral microbiome, where commensals and pathogens share a common habitat and where the total abundance of antibiotic resistance genes surpasses the abundance in the gut. Here, we used an ex vivo model of human oral biofilms to investigate the impact of ampicillin on biofilm viability. The ecological impact on the microbiome and resistome was investigated using shotgun metagenomics. The results showed that low concentrations promoted significant shifts in microbial taxonomic profile and could enhance biofilm viability by up to 1 to 2-log. For the resistome, low concentrations had no significant impact on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) diversity, while ARG abundance decreased by up to 84%. A positive correlation was observed between reduced microbial diversity and reduced ARG abundance. The WHO priority pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were identified in some of the samples, but their abundance was not significantly altered by ampicillin. Most of the antibiotic resistance genes that increased in abundance in the ampicillin group were associated with streptococci, including Streptococcus mitis, a well-known potential donor of ARGs to S. pneumoniae. Overall, the results highlight the potential of using the model to further our understanding of ecological and evolutionary forces driving antimicrobial resistance in oral microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Brar
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Dhariwal
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H A Åmdal
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Junges
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Salvadori
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J L Baker
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation & Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Edlund
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - F C Petersen
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Das S, Malik M, Dastidar DG, Roy R, Paul P, Sarkar S, Chakraborty P, Maity A, Dasgupta M, Gupta AD, Chatterjee S, Sarker RK, Maiti D, Tribedi P. Piperine, a phytochemical prevents the biofilm city of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A biochemical approach to understand the underlying mechanism. Microb Pathog 2024; 189:106601. [PMID: 38423404 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a drug-resistant human pathogen causes several nosocomial as well as community-acquired infections involving biofilm machinery. Hence, it has gained a wide interest within the scientific community to impede biofilm-induced MRSA-associated health complications. The current study focuses on the utilization of a natural bioactive compound called piperine to control the biofilm development of MRSA. Quantitative assessments like crystal violet, total protein recovery, and fluorescein-di-acetate (FDA) hydrolysis assays, demonstrated that piperine (8 and 16 μg/mL) could effectively compromise the biofilm formation of MRSA. Light and scanning electron microscopic image analysis confirmed the same. Further investigation revealed that piperine could reduce extracellular polysaccharide production by down-regulating the expression of icaA gene. Besides, piperine could reduce the cell-surface hydrophobicity of MRSA, a crucial factor of biofilm formation. Moreover, the introduction of piperine could interfere with microbial motility indicating the interaction of piperine with the quorum-sensing components. A molecular dynamics study showed a stable binding between piperine and AgrA protein (regulator of quorum sensing) suggesting the possible meddling of piperine in quorum-sensing of MRSA. Additionally, the exposure to piperine led to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and potentially heightened cell membrane permeability in inhibiting microbial biofilm formation. Besides, piperine could reduce the secretion of diverse virulence factors from MRSA. Further exploration revealed that piperine interacted with extracellular DNA (e-DNA), causing disintegration by weakening the biofilm architecture. Conclusively, this study suggests that piperine could be a potential antibiofilm molecule against MRSA-associated biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Das
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Moumita Malik
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar
- Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 157/F Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700114, India.
| | - Ritwik Roy
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Payel Paul
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Sarita Sarkar
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Poulomi Chakraborty
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Alakesh Maity
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Monikankana Dasgupta
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Anirban Das Gupta
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Sudipta Chatterjee
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Ranojit Kumar Sarker
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, 799022, India.
| | - Prosun Tribedi
- Microbial Ecology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743368, India.
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20
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Iaconis A, De Plano LM, Caccamo A, Franco D, Conoci S. Anti-Biofilm Strategies: A Focused Review on Innovative Approaches. Microorganisms 2024; 12:639. [PMID: 38674584 PMCID: PMC11052202 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilm (BF) can give rise to systemic infections, prolonged hospitalization times, and, in the worst case, death. This review aims to provide an overview of recent strategies for the prevention and destruction of pathogenic BFs. First, the main phases of the life cycle of BF and maturation will be described to identify potential targets for anti-BF approaches. Then, an approach acting on bacterial adhesion, quorum sensing (QS), and the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix will be introduced and discussed. Finally, bacteriophage-mediated strategies will be presented as innovative approaches against BF inhibition/destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Iaconis
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (L.M.D.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Laura Maria De Plano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (L.M.D.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonella Caccamo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (L.M.D.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Domenico Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (L.M.D.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Sabrina Conoci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.I.); (L.M.D.P.); (A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- URT Lab Sens Beyond Nano—CNR-DSFTM, Department of Physical Sciences and Technologies of Matter, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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21
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Sharma AD, Jarman EH, Kuppalli K, Murphy MJ, Longaker MT, Gurtner G, Fox PM. Successful topical treatment of human biofilms using multiple antibiotic elution from a collagen-rich hydrogel. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5621. [PMID: 38454046 PMCID: PMC10920629 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds significantly strain modern healthcare systems, affecting 1-2% of the population in developed countries with costs ranging between $28.1 and $96.8 billion annually. Additionally, it has been established that chronic wounds resulting from comorbidities, such as peripheral vascular disease and diabetes mellitus, tend to be polymicrobial in nature. Treatment of polymicrobial chronic wounds with oral and IV antibiotics can result in antimicrobial resistance, leading to more difficult-to-treat wounds. Ideally, chronic ulcers would be topically treated with antibiotic combinations tailored to the microbiome of a patient's wound. We have previously shown that a topical collagen-rich hydrogel (cHG) can elute single antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth in a manner that is nontoxic to mammalian cells. Here, we analyzed the microbiology of cultures taken from human patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus suffering from chronic wounds present for more than 6 weeks. Additionally, we examined the safety of the elution of multiple antibiotics from collagen-rich hydrogel in mammalian cells in vivo. Finally, we aimed to create tailored combinations of antibiotics impregnated into cHG to successfully target and treat infections and eradicate biofilms cultured from human chronic diabetic wound tissue. We found that the majority of human chronic wounds in our study were polymicrobial in nature. The elution of multiple antibiotics from cHG was well-tolerated in mammalian cells, making it a potential topical treatment of the polymicrobial chronic wound. Finally, combinations of antibiotics tailored to each patient's microbiome eluted from a collagen-rich hydrogel successfully treated bacterial cultures isolated from patient samples via an in vitro assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi D Sharma
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Evan H Jarman
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Krutika Kuppalli
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Murphy
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey Gurtner
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tuscon, AZ, USA
| | - Paige M Fox
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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22
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Elfaky MA. Unveiling the hidden language of bacteria: anti-quorum sensing strategies for gram-negative bacteria infection control. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:124. [PMID: 38409503 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a communication mechanism employed by many bacteria to regulate gene expression in a population density-dependent manner. It plays a crucial role in coordinating various bacterial behaviors, including biofilm formation, virulence factor production, and antibiotic resistance. However, the dysregulation of QS can lead to detrimental effects, making it an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Anti-QS approaches aim to interfere with QS signaling pathways, inhibiting the communication between bacteria, and disrupting their coordinated activities. Various strategies have been explored to achieve this goal. Advances in understanding QS mechanisms and the discovery of new targets have paved the way for the development of innovative anti-QS approaches. Combining multiple anti-QS strategies or utilizing them in combination with traditional antibiotics holds great promise for combating bacterial infections and addressing the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance. Anti-QS approaches offer a diverse range of strategies including natural compounds, antibody-mediated quorum quenching (QQ), computer-aided drug design for QQ, repurposing of Drugs approved by FDA as anti-QS agents and modulating quorum-sensing molecules which were discussed in detail in this review. This review, comprehensively and for the first time, sheds light on the significance of diverse anti-QS strategies in solving antimicrobial resistance problem in Gram-negative microbial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Elfaky
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Abulfaraj AA, Shami AY, Alotaibi NM, Alomran MM, Aloufi AS, Al-Andal A, AlHamdan NR, Alshehrei FM, Sefrji FO, Alsaadi KH, Abuauf HW, Alshareef SA, Jalal RS. Exploration of genes encoding KEGG pathway enzymes in rhizospheric microbiome of the wild plant Abutilon fruticosum. AMB Express 2024; 14:27. [PMID: 38381255 PMCID: PMC10881953 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The operative mechanisms and advantageous synergies existing between the rhizobiome and the wild plant species Abutilon fruticosum were studied. Within the purview of this scientific study, the reservoir of genes in the rhizobiome, encoding the most highly enriched enzymes, was dominantly constituted by members of phylum Thaumarchaeota within the archaeal kingdom, phylum Proteobacteria within the bacterial kingdom, and the phylum Streptophyta within the eukaryotic kingdom. The ensemble of enzymes encoded through plant exudation exhibited affiliations with 15 crosstalking KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. The ultimate goal underlying root exudation, as surmised from the present investigation, was the biosynthesis of saccharides, amino acids, and nucleic acids, which are imperative for the sustenance, propagation, or reproduction of microbial consortia. The symbiotic companionship existing between the wild plant and its associated rhizobiome amplifies the resilience of the microbial community against adverse abiotic stresses, achieved through the orchestration of ABA (abscisic acid) signaling and its cascading downstream effects. Emergent from the process of exudation are pivotal bioactive compounds including ATP, D-ribose, pyruvate, glucose, glutamine, and thiamine diphosphate. In conclusion, we hypothesize that future efforts to enhance the growth and productivity of commercially important crop plants under both favorable and unfavorable environmental conditions may focus on manipulating plant rhizobiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aala A Abulfaraj
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashwag Y Shami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahaa M Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam M Alomran
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer S Aloufi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al-Andal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fatimah M Alshehrei
- Department of Biology, Jumum College University, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 7388, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah O Sefrji
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khloud H Alsaadi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen W Abuauf
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar A Alshareef
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaa S Jalal
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia.
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24
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Mancuso G, Trinchera M, Midiri A, Zummo S, Vitale G, Biondo C. Novel Antimicrobial Approaches to Combat Bacterial Biofilms Associated with Urinary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:154. [PMID: 38391540 PMCID: PMC10886225 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent bacterial infections in both community and healthcare settings. They account for approximately 40% of all bacterial infections and require around 15% of all antibiotic prescriptions. Although antibiotics have traditionally been used to treat UTIs for several decades, the significant increase in antibiotic resistance in recent years has made many previously effective treatments ineffective. Biofilm on medical equipment in healthcare settings creates a reservoir of pathogens that can easily be transmitted to patients. Urinary catheter infections are frequently observed in hospitals and are caused by microbes that form a biofilm after a catheter is inserted into the bladder. Managing infections caused by biofilms is challenging due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Biofilms enable pathogens to evade the host's innate immune defences, resulting in long-term persistence. The incidence of sepsis caused by UTIs that have spread to the bloodstream is increasing, and drug-resistant infections may be even more prevalent. While the availability of upcoming tests to identify the bacterial cause of infection and its resistance spectrum is critical, it alone will not solve the problem; innovative treatment approaches are also needed. This review analyses the main characteristics of biofilm formation and drug resistance in recurrent uropathogen-induced UTIs. The importance of innovative and alternative therapies for combatting biofilm-caused UTI is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mancuso
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Marilena Trinchera
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelina Midiri
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiana Zummo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Vitale
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Biondo
- Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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25
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Hassani M, Kamankesh M, Rad-Malekshahi M, Rostamizadeh K, Rezaee F, Haririan I, Daghighi SM. Biomaterials coated with zwitterionic polymer brush demonstrated significant resistance to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in comparison to brush coatings incorporated with antibiotics. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113671. [PMID: 38039822 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A critical problem with the use of biomaterial implants is associated with bacterial adhesion on the surface of implants and in turn the biofilm formation. Among different strategies that have been reported to resolve this dilemma, surface design combined with both antiadhesive and antimicrobial properties has proven to be highly effective. Physiochemical properties of polymer brush coatings possess non-adhesive capability against bacterial adhesion and create a niche for further functionalization. The current study aims to evaluate the effect of antibiotics incorporated into the polymer brush on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Brushes made of zwitterionic polymers were synthesized, functionalized with vancomycin via both physical and chemical conjugation, and grafted onto the silicon rubber surfaces. Antibacterial and antiadhesive measurements of designed coated biomaterials were mediated through the use of a parallel plate flow chamber against biofilm growth developed by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli over a period of 24 h. The analysis of biofilm growth on designed coated biomaterials showed that the pristine coated zwitterionic brushes are significantly resistant to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation but not in the polymer brush coating incorporated with antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hassani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kamankesh
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mazda Rad-Malekshahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Rostamizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Farhad Rezaee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ismaeil Haririan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Daghighi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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Grooters KE, Ku JC, Richter DM, Krinock MJ, Minor A, Li P, Kim A, Sawyer R, Li Y. Strategies for combating antibiotic resistance in bacterial biofilms. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1352273. [PMID: 38322672 PMCID: PMC10846525 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1352273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms, which are complexes of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and secrete protective extracellular matrices, wield substantial influence across diverse domains such as medicine, industry, and environmental science. Despite ongoing challenges posed by biofilms in clinical medicine, research in this field remains dynamic and indeterminate. This article provides a contemporary assessment of biofilms and their treatment, with a focus on recent advances, to chronicle the evolving landscape of biofilm research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla E. Grooters
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer C. Ku
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - David M. Richter
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Matthew J. Krinock
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Ashley Minor
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Patrick Li
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Audrey Kim
- Department of Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Robert Sawyer
- Department of Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Yong Li
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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27
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Alfei S. Shifting from Ammonium to Phosphonium Salts: A Promising Strategy to Develop Next-Generation Weapons against Biofilms. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:80. [PMID: 38258091 PMCID: PMC10819902 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since they are difficult and sometimes impossible to treat, infections sustained by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, emerging especially in nosocomial environments, are an increasing global public health concern, translating into high mortality and healthcare costs. In addition to having acquired intrinsic abilities to resist available antibiotic treatments, MDR bacteria can transmit genetic material encoding for resistance to non-mutated bacteria, thus strongly decreasing the number of available effective antibiotics. Moreover, several pathogens develop resistance by forming biofilms (BFs), a safe and antibiotic-resistant home for microorganisms. BFs are made of well-organized bacterial communities, encased and protected in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix, which impedes antibiotics' ability to reach bacteria, thus causing them to lose efficacy. By adhering to living or abiotic surfaces in healthcare settings, especially in intensive care units where immunocompromised older patients with several comorbidities are hospitalized BFs cause the onset of difficult-to-eradicate infections. In this context, recent studies have demonstrated that quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), acting as membrane disruptors and initially with a low tendency to develop resistance, have demonstrated anti-BF potentialities. However, a paucity of innovation in this space has driven the emergence of QAC resistance. More recently, quaternary phosphonium salts (QPSs), including tri-phenyl alkyl phosphonium derivatives, achievable by easy one-step reactions and well known as intermediates of the Wittig reaction, have shown promising anti-BF effects in vitro. Here, after an overview of pathogen resistance, BFs, and QACs, we have reviewed the QPSs developed and assayed to this end, so far. Finally, the synthetic strategies used to prepare QPSs have also been provided and discussed to spur the synthesis of novel compounds of this class. We think that the extension of the knowledge about these materials by this review could be a successful approach to finding effective weapons for treating chronic infections and device-associated diseases sustained by BF-producing MDR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano, 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
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Vadakkan K, Ngangbam AK, Sathishkumar K, Rumjit NP, Cheruvathur MK. A review of chemical signaling pathways in the quorum sensing circuit of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127861. [PMID: 37939761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an increasingly common competitive and biofilm organism in healthcare infection with sophisticated, interlinked and hierarchic quorum systems (Las, Rhl, PQS, and IQS), creates the greatest threats to the medical industry and has rendered prevailing chemotherapy medications ineffective. The rise of multidrug resistance has evolved into a concerning and potentially fatal occurrence for human life. P. aeruginosa biofilm development is assisted by exopolysaccharides, extracellular DNA, proteins, macromolecules, cellular signaling and interaction. Quorum sensing is a communication process between cells that involves autonomous inducers and regulators. Quorum-induced infectious agent biofilms and the synthesis of virulence factors have increased disease transmission, medication resistance, infection episodes, hospitalizations and mortality. Hence, quorum sensing may be a potential therapeutical target for bacterial illness, and developing quorum inhibitors as an anti-virulent tool could be a promising treatment strategy for existing antibiotics. Quorum quenching is a prevalent technique for treating infections caused by microbes because it diminishes microbial pathogenesis and increases microbe biofilm sensitivity to antibiotics, making it a potential candidate for drug development. This paper examines P. aeruginosa quorum sensing, the hierarchy of quorum sensing mechanism, quorum sensing inhibition and quorum sensing inhibitory agents as a drug development strategy to supplement traditional antibiotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayeen Vadakkan
- Department of Biology, St. Mary's College, Thrissur, Kerala 680020, India; Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur 795140, India.
| | | | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India; Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
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Trotsko N. Thiazolidin-4-Ones as a Promising Scaffold in the Development of Antibiofilm Agents-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:325. [PMID: 38203498 PMCID: PMC10778874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thiazolidin-4-ones have a broad range of medical and clinical implementation, which is important for pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. This heterocyclic core has been reported to possess a diversity of bioactivities, including antimicrobial and antibiofilm-forming potential. The resistance of biofilms to antibiotics or disinfectants is a serious medical problem. Therefore, there is a natural need to discover new effective structures with properties that inhibit biofilm formation. This review aims to analyze the antibiofilm features of thiazolidin-4-ones described in the literature over the last two decades. The information gathered in this review could benefit the rational design of new effective antibiofilm small molecules with thiazolidin-4-one cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Trotsko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Ghosh C, Das MC, Acharjee S, Bhattacharjee S, Sandhu P, Kumari M, Bhowmik J, Ghosh R, Banerjee B, De UC, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Combating Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: the inhibitory potential of tormentic acid and 23-hydroxycorosolic acid. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:25. [PMID: 38108905 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant extracts have been used to treat microbiological diseases for centuries. This study examined plant triterpenoids tormentic acid (TA) and 23-hydroxycorosolic acid (HCA) for their antibiofilm effects on Staphylococcus aureus strains (MTCC-96 and MTCC-7405). Biofilms are bacterial colonies bound by a matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA, primarily impacting healthcare. As a result, ongoing research is being conducted worldwide to control and prevent biofilm formation. Our research showed that TA and HCA inhibit S. aureus planktonic growth by depolarizing the bacterial membrane. In addition, zone of inhibition studies confirmed their effectiveness, and crystal violet staining and biofilm protein quantification confirmed their ability to prevent biofilm formation. TA and HCA exhibited substantial reductions in biofilm formation for S. aureus (MTCC-96) by 54.85% and 48.6% and for S. aureus (MTCC-7405) by 47.07% and 56.01%, respectively. Exopolysaccharide levels in S. aureus biofilm reduced significantly by TA (25 μg/mL) and HCA (20 μg/mL). Microscopy, bacterial motility, and protease quantification studies revealed their ability to reduce motility and pathogenicity. Furthermore, TA and HCA treatment reduced the mRNA expression of S. aureus virulence genes. In silico analysis depicted a high binding affinity of triterpenoids for biofilm and quorum-sensing associated proteins in S. aureus, with TA having the strongest affinity for TarO (- 7.8 kcal/mol) and HCA for AgrA (- 7.6 kcal/mol). TA and HCA treatment reduced bacterial load in S. aureus-infected peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells. Our research indicates that TA and HCA can effectively combat S. aureus by inhibiting its growth and suppressing biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmoy Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Manash C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Shukdeb Acharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Samadrita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Joyanta Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ranjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | | | - Utpal Chandra De
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India.
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Zehra M, Usmani Y, Shafiq J, Khan A, Zafar M, Raza Mirza M, Shah SR, Al-Harrasi A, Hasan SM, Farooqui A, Ahmed A. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial potential of lithium complex against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0193023. [PMID: 37861330 PMCID: PMC10715101 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01930-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Multi-drug resistance (MDR) by virtue of evolving resistance and virulence mechanisms among A. baumannii is a global concern which is responsible for lethal hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new therapeutics against it. Metal complexes are compact structures with diverse mechanisms that the pathogens cannot evade easily which make them a strong drug candidate. In this study, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of lithium complex {[Li(phen)2 sal]} against biofilm-forming MDR A. baumannii. The lithium complex displayed strong antimicrobial activity and reduced the pre-formed mature biofilm which is key barrier for antimicrobial action. Moreover, it employs oxidative stress as one of its mode of actions and causes cellular rupturing. Lithium complex was non-toxic and was significantly effective to overcome pneumonia in mice model. These results highlight the untapped potential of metal complexes that can be explored and utilized for combating notorious A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moatter Zehra
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yamina Usmani
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jazib Shafiq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Oman
| | - Muneeza Zafar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Munazza Raza Mirza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Raza Shah
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Oman
| | - Syed Mehmood Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amber Farooqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Translational Medicine Program, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Brindhadevi K, Hoang Le Q, Salmen SH, Karuppusamy I, Pugazhendhi A. In vitro biofilm inhibition efficacy of Aerva lanata flower extract against Gram negative and Gram-positive biofilm forming bacteria and toxicity analysis using Artemia salina. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117118. [PMID: 37704075 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A biofilm consists of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria enclosed in a matrix. Industrial biofouling is caused by biofilms, which can exhibit antimicrobial resistance during infections. Many biofilm studies find that nearly all biofilm communities consist of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is therefore necessary to better understand the conserved themes in biofilm formation to develop therapeutics based on biofilm formation. Plant extracts can effectively combat pathogenic bacterial biofilms. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of Aerva lanata flower extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol extract of dried A. lanata flower was tested against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa to determine the antibacterial activity (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 μg/mL) resulted in a maximum of 0.5-1 log reduction and 2 log reduction in comparison to the control or untreated bacterial cells respectively. A. lanata showed maximum biofilm inhibition up to 1.5-fold and 1-fold against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Light microscopic analysis of biofilm treated with A. lanata extract showed efficient distortion of the biofilm matrix. Further, the in vivo analysis of A. lanata in the Artemia salina brine shrimp model showed >50% survival and thus proving the efficacy of A. lanata extract in rescuing the brine shrimps against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - Quynh Hoang Le
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Saleh H Salmen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Indira Karuppusamy
- Research Center for Strategic Materials, Corrosion Resistant Steel Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Rizzo M, Baggs E, Chowdhury AS, Nagarajan R, Warner LR. Backbone 1H, 13C and 15N assignments of the apo-acyl carrier protein (ACP 1) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2023; 17:183-188. [PMID: 37421542 PMCID: PMC10772199 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-023-10138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum sensing regulates virulence in the opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The LasI and RhlI AHL synthases use acyl carrier protein substrates to synthesize, respectively, the 3-oxododecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxoC12-HSL) and butyryl-L-homoserine lactone (C4-HSL) QS signals for this bacterium. Although P. aeruginosa genome contains three open reading frames to encode three acyl carrier proteins, namely the ACP1, ACP2 and ACP3, microarray and gene replacement studies show that only the ACP1 carrier protein is under quorum sensing regulation. In this study, we isotopically enriched one of the acyl carrier proteins, ACP1 from P. aeruginosa and describe the backbone resonance assignments for this protein to delineate the structural and molecular basis of ACP1 recognition in P. aeruginosa AHL quorum sensing signal synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Baggs
- Boise State University, Boise, United States
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Mendhe S, Badge A, Ugemuge S, Chandi D. Impact of Biofilms on Chronic Infections and Medical Challenges. Cureus 2023; 15:e48204. [PMID: 38050493 PMCID: PMC10693677 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms which are intricate colonies of bacteria encapsulated in a self-produced matrix are becoming more widely recognized for their importance in persistent infections. Biofilm-related infections provide distinct diagnostic and therapy issues needing novel approaches. Biofilms are common in clinical settings and contribute to the persistence of diseases related to medical devices, dental health, respiratory disorders, and chronic infection. Overcoming these problems requires a thorough understanding of the elements that influence biofilm development and their complex interactions within the microbial community. Emerging diagnostic techniques and therapy approaches that target biofilm-related disorders at different levels give hope for improved patient outcomes. This review looks at how biofilm formation affects chronic infections in a variety of ways, including increased drug resistance, immune system evasion, and delayed diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Mendhe
- Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Ankit Badge
- Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Sarita Ugemuge
- Microbiology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Nagpur, IND
| | - Dhurba Chandi
- Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Wardha, IND
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Ren X, Zhou J, Liu T, Zhong C, Wang Y, Yan H, Feng J. Antibacterial activity and action mechanism of curcusionol from Carex siderosticta Hance against Ralstonia nicotianae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4607-4616. [PMID: 37436717 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco bacterial wilt is a typical soil-borne disease caused by Ralstonia nicotianae, which causes huge losses in tobacco production every year. The crude extract of Carex siderosticta Hance was shown to have antibacterial activity against R. nicotianae during our search, and the natural antibacterial components were sought after using bioassay-guided fractionation of the compounds. RESULT Ethanol extract of Carex siderosticta Hance with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 100 μg/mL against R. nicotianae in vitro. The potential of these compounds as antibactericides against R. nicotianae were assessed. Curcusionol (1), showed the highest antibacterial activity against R. nicotianae with MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL in vitro. In the protective effect tests, the control effect of curcusionol (1) was 92.31 and 72.60%, respectively, after application of 7 and 14 days, at a concentration of 1500 μg/mL, being comparable to that of streptomycin sulfate at a concentration of 500 μg/mL, confirming that curcusionol (1) showed the potential for the development of new antibacterial drugs. RNA-sequencing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed that curcusionol mainly destroys R. nicotianae cell membrane structure and affects quorum sensing (QS) to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the antibacterial activity of Carex siderosticta Hance makes it a botanical bactericide against R. nicotianae, while curcusionol as lead structures for antibacterial development is obvious by its potent antibacterial activity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Chenquan Zhong
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - He Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- Provincial Center for Bio-Pesticide Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Al-Mijalli SH, El Hachlafi N, Jeddi M, Abdallah EM, Assaggaf H, Qasem A, Lee LH, Law JWF, Aladhadh M, Alnasser SM, Bouyahya A, Mrabti HN. Unveiling the volatile compounds and antibacterial mechanisms of action of Cupressus sempervirens L., against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115609. [PMID: 37801906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cupressus sempervirens is a known traditional plant used to manage various ailments, including cancer, inflammatory and infectious diseases. In this investigation, we aimed to explore the chemical profile of Cupressus sempervirens essential oil (CSEO) as well as their antibacterial mode of action. The volatile components were characterized using gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The results revealed remarkable antibacterial properties of EO derived from C. sempervirens. GC-MS analysis indicated that C. sempervirens EO characterized by δ-3-carene (47.72%), D-limonene (5.44%), β-pinene (4.36%), β-myrcene (4.02%). The oil exhibited significant inhibitory effects against a range of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 13048, Bacillus cereus (Clinical isolate), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. These inhibitory effects surpassed those of conventional antibiotics. Furthermore, the EO demonstrated low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), indicating its bactericidal nature (MBC/MIC < 4.0). Time-kill kinetics analysis showed that CSEO was particularly effective at 2 × MIC doses, rapidly reduced viable count of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa within 8 h. This suggests that the oil acts quickly and efficiently. The cell membrane permeability test further demonstrated the impact of CSEO on the relative conductivity of B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa, both at 2 × MIC concentrations. These observations suggest that EO disrupts the bacterial membrane, thereby influencing their growth and viability. Additionally, the cell membrane integrity test indicated that the addition of CSEO to bacterial cultures resulted in the significant release of proteins from the bacterial cells. This suggests that EO affects the structural integrity of the bacterial cells. Furthermore, the anti-biofilm assay confirmed the efficacy of CSEO as a potent anti-biofilm agent. It demonstrated the oil's ability to inhibit quorum sensing, a crucial mechanism for biofilm formation, and its competitive performance compared to the tested antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Mohamed Jeddi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Emad M Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Sunway Microbiome Centre, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Next-Generation Precision Medicine and Therapeutics Research Group (NMeT), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Jodi Woan-Fei Law
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Next-Generation Precision Medicine and Therapeutics Research Group (NMeT), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohammed Aladhadh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco; High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques Casablanca, Casablanca 20250, Morocco.
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Wang L, Fan R, Ma H, Sun Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Guo Q, Ren X, Xu L, Zhao J, Zhang L, Xu Y, Jin L, Dong Y, Quan C. Genomic and metabolomic insights into the antimicrobial compounds and plant growth-promoting potential of Bacillus velezensis Q-426. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:589. [PMID: 37794314 PMCID: PMC10548584 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Q-426 strain isolated from compost samples has excellent antifungal activities against a variety of plant pathogens. However, the complete genome of Q-426 is still unclear, which limits the potential application of Q-426. RESULTS Genome sequencing revealed that Q-426 contains a single circular chromosome 4,086,827 bp in length, with 4691 coding sequences and an average GC content of 46.3%. The Q-426 strain has a high degree of collinearity with B. velezensis FZB42, B. velezensis SQR9, and B. amyloliquefaciens DSM7, and the strain was reidentified as B. velezensis Q-426 based on the homology analysis results. Many genes in the Q-426 genome have plant growth-promoting activity, including the secondary metabolites of lipopeptides. Genome mining revealed 14 clusters and 732 genes encoding secondary metabolites with predicted functions, including the surfactin, iturin, and fengycin families. In addition, twelve lipopeptides (surfactin, iturin and fengycin) were successfully detected from the fermentation broth of B. velezensis Q-426 by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS), which is consistent with the genome analysis results. We found that Q-426 produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at 1.56 mg/l on the third day of incubation, which might promote the growth of plants. Moreover, we identified eighteen volatile compounds (VOCs, including 2-heptanone, 6-methylheptan-2-one, 5-methylheptan-2-one, 2-nonanone, 2-decanone, 2-undecanone, 2-dodecanone, 2-tridecanone, 2-tetradecanone, 2-nonadecanone, pentadecanoic acid, oleic acid, dethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, methyl (9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate), pentadecane, (6E,10E)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,9,12,12a-decahydro-1,4-methanobenzo[10]annulene, and nonanal) based on gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MS) results. CONCLUSIONS We mined secondary metabolite-related genes from the genome based on whole-genome sequence results. Our study laid the theoretical foundation for the development of secondary metabolites and the application of B. velezensis Q-426. Our findings provide insights into the genetic characteristics responsible for the bioactivities and potential application of B. velezensis Q-426 as a plant growth-promoting strain in ecological agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruochen Fan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Yangzhu Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Qinfeng Guo
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinxiu Ren
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Lukai Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Yongbin Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Liming Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuesheng Dong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chunshan Quan
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China.
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Liu T, Zhai Y, Jeong KC. Advancing understanding of microbial biofilms through machine learning-powered studies. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1653-1664. [PMID: 37780593 PMCID: PMC10533454 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01415-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are prevalent in various environments and pose significant challenges to food safety and public health. The biofilms formed by pathogens can cause food spoilage, foodborne illness, and infectious diseases, which are difficult to treat due to their enhanced antimicrobial resistance. While the composition and development of biofilms have been widely studied, their profound impact on food, the food industry, and public health has not been sufficiently recapitulated. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of microbial biofilms in the food industry and their implication on public health. It highlights the existence of biofilms along the food-producing chains and the underlying mechanisms of biofilm-associated diseases. Furthermore, this review thoroughly summarizes the enhanced understanding of microbial biofilms achieved through machine learning approaches in biofilm research. By consolidating existing knowledge, this review intends to facilitate developing effective strategies to combat biofilm-associated infections in both the food industry and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, 2250 Shealy Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA
| | - Yuting Zhai
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, 2250 Shealy Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA
| | - Kwangcheol Casey Jeong
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, 2250 Shealy Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA
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Maisat W, Yuki K. Volatile anesthetic isoflurane exposure facilitates Enterococcus biofilm infection. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23186. [PMID: 37665578 PMCID: PMC10495085 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301128r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the major pathogenic bacteria responsible for surgical site infections. Biofilm infections are major hospital-acquired infections. Previous studies suggested that ions could regulate biofilm formation in microbes. Volatile anesthetics, frequently administered in surgical setting, target ion channels. Here, we investigated the role of ion channels/transporters and volatile anesthetics in the biofilm formation by E. faecalis MMH594 strain and its ion transporter mutants. We found that a chloride transporter mutant significantly reduced biofilm formation compared to the parental strain. Downregulation of teichoic acid biosynthesis in the chloride transporter mutant impaired biofilm matrix formation and cellular adhesion, leading to mitigated biofilm formation. Among anesthetics, isoflurane exposure enhanced biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. The upregulation of de novo purine biosynthesis pathway by isoflurane exposure potentially enhanced biofilm formation, an essential process for DNA, RNA, and ATP synthesis. We also demonstrated that isoflurane exposure to E. faecalis increased cyclic-di-AMP and extracellular DNA production, consistent with the increased purine biosynthesis. We further showed that isoflurane enhanced the enzymatic activity of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPP-S). With the hypothesis that isoflurane directly bound to PRPP-S, we predicted isoflurane binding site on it using rigid docking. Our study provides a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of E. faecalis biofilm formation and highlights the potential impact of an ion transporter and volatile anesthetic on this process. These findings may lead to the development of novel strategies for preventing E. faecalis biofilm formation and improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiriya Maisat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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40
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Francis D, Veeramanickathadathil Hari G, Koonthanmala Subash A, Bhairaddy A, Joy A. The biofilm proteome of Staphylococcus aureus and its implications for therapeutic interventions to biofilm-associated infections. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 138:327-400. [PMID: 38220430 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major healthcare concern due to its ability to inflict life-threatening infections and evolve antibiotic resistance at an alarming pace. It is frequently associated with hospital-acquired infections, especially device-associated infections. Systemic infections due to S. aureus are difficult to treat and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The situation is worsened by the ability of S. aureus to form social associations called biofilms. Biofilms embed a community of cells with the ability to communicate with each other and share resources within a polysaccharide or protein matrix. S. aureus establish biofilms on tissues and conditioned abiotic surfaces. Biofilms are hyper-tolerant to antibiotics and help evade host immune responses. Biofilms exacerbate the severity and recalcitrance of device-associated infections. The development of a biofilm involves various biomolecules, such as polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids, contributing to different structural and functional roles. Interconnected signaling pathways and regulatory molecules modulate the expression of these molecules. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular biology of biofilm development would help to devise effective anti-biofilm therapeutics. Although bactericidal agents, antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages and nano-conjugated anti-biofilm agents have been employed with varying levels of success, there is still a requirement for effective and clinically viable anti-biofilm therapeutics. Proteins that are expressed and utilized during biofilm formation, constituting the biofilm proteome, are a particularly attractive target for anti-biofilm strategies. The proteome can be explored to identify potential anti-biofilm drug targets and utilized for rational drug discovery. With the aim of uncovering the biofilm proteome, this chapter explores the mechanism of biofilm formation and its regulation. Furthermore, it explores the antibiofilm therapeutics targeted against the biofilm proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Francis
- Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Bengaluru, India.
| | | | | | - Anusha Bhairaddy
- Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Bengaluru, India
| | - Atheene Joy
- Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Bengaluru, India
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Li J, Qin G. New Strategies for Biocontrol of Bacterial Toxins and Virulence: Focusing on Quorum-Sensing Interference and Biofilm Inhibition. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:570. [PMID: 37755996 PMCID: PMC10536320 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics and the emergence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant pathogens are becoming a serious threat to health security and the economy. Reducing antimicrobial resistance requires replacing antibiotic consumption with more biocontrol strategies to improve the immunity of animals and humans. Probiotics and medicinal plants have been used as alternative treatments or preventative therapies for a variety of diseases caused by bacterial infections. Therefore, we reviewed some of the anti-virulence and bacterial toxin-inhibiting strategies that are currently being developed; this review covers strategies focused on quenching pathogen quorum sensing (QS) systems, the disruption of biofilm formation and bacterial toxin neutralization. It highlights the probable mechanism of action for probiotics and medicinal plants. Although further research is needed before a definitive statement can be made on the efficacy of any of these interventions, the current literature offers new hope and a new tool in the arsenal in the fight against bacterial virulence factors and bacterial toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, College of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Jing Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Guangyong Qin
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
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Adnan M, Siddiqui AJ, Ashraf SA, Ashraf MS, Alomrani SO, Alreshidi M, Tepe B, Sachidanandan M, Danciu C, Patel M. Saponin-Derived Silver Nanoparticles from Phoenix dactylifera (Ajwa Dates) Exhibit Broad-Spectrum Bioactivities Combating Bacterial Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1415. [PMID: 37760712 PMCID: PMC10525761 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to humankind, emphasizing the need for alternative antimicrobial agents. This study focuses on investigating the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum-sensing (anti-QS) activities of saponin-derived silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-S) obtained from Ajwa dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.). The design and synthesis of these novel nanoparticles were explored in the context of developing alternative strategies to combat bacterial infections. The Ajwa date saponin extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize AgNPs-S, which was characterized using various analytical techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The biosynthesized AgNPs-S exhibited potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria due to their capability to disrupt bacterial cell membranes and the leakage of nucleic acid and protein contents. The AgNPs-S effectively inhibited biofilm formation and quorum-sensing (QS) activity by interfering with QS signaling molecules, which play a pivotal role in bacterial virulence and pathogenicity. Furthermore, the AgNPs-S demonstrated significant antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals and cytotoxicity against small lung cancer cells (A549 cells). Overall, the findings of the present study provide valuable insights into the potential use of these nanoparticles as alternative therapeutic agents for the design and development of novel antibiotics. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the possible mechanism involved and safety concerns when it is used in vivo, paving the way for future therapeutic applications in combating bacterial infections and overcoming antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Saquib Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Riyadh ELM University, Riyadh 12734, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Owdah Alomrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 66252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.)
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bektas Tepe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Kilis 7 Aralik University, TR-79000 Kilis, Turkey
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 55473, Saudi Arabia
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
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Wongkiew S, Polprasert C, Noophan PL, Koottatep T, Kanokkantapong V, Surendra KC, Khanal SK. Effects of vermicompost leachate on nitrogen, phosphorus, and microbiome in a food waste bioponic system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117860. [PMID: 37086642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Food waste is rich in nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and can be integrated with bioponics, a closed-loop agricultural system that combines hydroponics with biological nutrient recovery. Vermicompost leachate (VCL) supplementation has been shown to improve the co-composting of organic waste (i.e., compost quality) and the biodegradation of organic compounds. Thus, VCL has high potential for enhancing nutrient availability in bioponics from food waste. However, the understanding of nitrogen and phosphorus availability in food waste-based bioponics is limited, both with and without VCL. In this study, food waste derived from cafeteria vegetable waste was used as the substrate (500 g dry wt./system) in bioponics to grow lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) for two consecutive cycles (35 days/cycle) without substrate replacement. VCL was applied weekly (1-5% v/v) and compared to the control without VCL. The results showed that the food waste in bioponics provided nitrogen and phosphorus for plant growth (15.5-65.8 g/lettuce head). Organic-degrading and nutrient-transforming bacteria (Hydrogenispora, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminiclostridium_1, Cellvibrio, Thauera, Hydrogenophaga, and Bacillus) were predominantly found in plant roots and residual food waste. VCL addition significantly increased nitrate, phosphate, and chemical oxygen demand levels in bioponics, owing to the nutrients in VCL and the enhancement of keystone microorganisms responsible for organic degradation and nutrient cycling (e.g., Ellin6067, Actinomyces, and Pirellula). These findings suggest that nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon concentrations in an ecosystem of nutrient-transforming and organic-degrading microbes are key in managing nutrient recovery from food waste in bioponics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeth Wongkiew
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Water Science and Technology for Sustainable Environment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chongrak Polprasert
- Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Pongsak Lek Noophan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thammarat Koottatep
- Environmental Engineering and Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Vorapot Kanokkantapong
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Waste Utilization and Ecological Risk Assessment Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Mejía-Manzano LA, Vázquez-Villegas P, Prado-Cervantes LV, Franco-Gómez KX, Carbajal-Ocaña S, Sotelo-Cortés DL, Atehortúa-Benítez V, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Membrillo-Hernández J. Advances in Material Modification with Smart Functional Polymers for Combating Biofilms in Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3021. [PMID: 37514410 PMCID: PMC10383963 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms as living microorganism communities are found anywhere, and for the healthcare sector, these constitute a threat and allied mechanism for health-associated or nosocomial infections. This review states the basis of biofilms and their formation. It focuses on their relevance for the biomedical sector, generalities, and the major advances in modified or new synthesized materials to prevent or control biofilm formation in biomedicine. Biofilm is conceptualized as an aggregate of cells highly communicated in an extracellular matrix, which the formation obeys to molecular and genetic basis. The biofilm offers protection to microorganisms from unfavorable environmental conditions. The most frequent genera of microorganisms forming biofilms and reported in infections are Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia spp., and Candida spp. in implants, heart valves, catheters, medical devices, and prostheses. During the last decade, biofilms have been most commonly related to health-associated infections and deaths in Europe, the United States, and Mexico. Smart, functional polymers are materials capable of responding to diverse stimuli. These represent a strategy to fight against biofilms through the modification or synthesis of new materials. Polypropylene and poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide were used enough in the literature analysis performed. Even smart polymers serve as delivery systems for other substances, such as antibiotics, for biofilm control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Mejía-Manzano
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
- Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
| | - Patricia Vázquez-Villegas
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
- Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
| | | | | | - Susana Carbajal-Ocaña
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Membrillo-Hernández
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
- Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64700, Mexico
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Rajab AAH, Hegazy WAH. What’s old is new again: Insights into diabetic foot microbiome. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:680-704. [PMID: 37383589 PMCID: PMC10294069 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease that is considered one of the most stubborn global health problems that continues to defy the efforts of scientists and physicians. The prevalence of diabetes in the global population continues to grow to alarming levels year after year, causing an increase in the incidence of diabetes complications and health care costs all over the world. One major complication of diabetes is the high susceptibility to infections especially in the lower limbs due to the immunocompromised state of diabetic patients, which is considered a definitive factor in all cases. Diabetic foot infections continue to be one of the most common infections in diabetic patients that are associated with a high risk of serious complications such as bone infection, limb amputations, and life-threatening systemic infections. In this review, we discussed the circumstances associated with the high risk of infection in diabetic patients as well as some of the most commonly isolated pathogens from diabetic foot infections and the related virulence behavior. In addition, we shed light on the different treatment strategies that aim at eradicating the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza A H Rajab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagzig 44511, Egypt
| | - Wael A H Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagzig 44511, Egypt
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Carezzano ME, Paletti Rovey MF, Cappellari LDR, Gallarato LA, Bogino P, Oliva MDLM, Giordano W. Biofilm-Forming Ability of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Review of its Involvement in Plant Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112207. [PMID: 37299186 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytopathogenic bacteria not only affect crop yield and quality but also the environment. Understanding the mechanisms involved in their survival is essential to develop new strategies to control plant disease. One such mechanism is the formation of biofilms; i.e., microbial communities within a three-dimensional structure that offers adaptive advantages, such as protection against unfavorable environmental conditions. Biofilm-producing phytopathogenic bacteria are difficult to manage. They colonize the intercellular spaces and the vascular system of the host plants and cause a wide range of symptoms such as necrosis, wilting, leaf spots, blight, soft rot, and hyperplasia. This review summarizes up-to-date information about saline and drought stress in plants (abiotic stress) and then goes on to focus on the biotic stress produced by biofilm-forming phytopathogenic bacteria, which are responsible for serious disease in many crops. Their characteristics, pathogenesis, virulence factors, systems of cellular communication, and the molecules implicated in the regulation of these processes are all covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Evangelina Carezzano
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, UNRC, Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Paletti Rovey
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, UNRC, Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - Lorena Del Rosario Cappellari
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
| | | | - Pablo Bogino
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - María de Las Mercedes Oliva
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, UNRC, Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
| | - Walter Giordano
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS-CONICET), Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología Molecular; Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Río Cuarto, Córdoba X5804BYA, Argentina
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Kamer AMA, Abdelaziz AA, Al-Monofy KB, Al-Madboly LA. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of pyocyanin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo study. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:116. [PMID: 37095436 PMCID: PMC10124065 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are considered a major public health problem, as the treatment options are restricted. Biofilm formation and the quorum sensing (QS) system play a pivotal role in S. aureus pathogenicity. Hence, this study was performed to explore the antibacterial effect of pyocyanin (PCN) on MRSA as well as its effect on MRSA biofilm and QS. RESULTS Data revealed that PCN exhibited strong antibacterial activity against all test MRSA isolates (n = 30) with a MIC value equal to 8 µg/ml. About 88% of MRSA biofilms were eradicated by PCN treatment using the crystal violet assay. The disruption of MRSA biofilm was confirmed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, which showed a reduction in bacterial viability (approximately equal to 82%) and biofilm thickness (approximately equal to 60%). Additionally, the disruption of the formation of microcolonies and the disturbance of the connection between bacterial cells in the MRSA biofilm after PCN treatment were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The 1/2 and 1/4 MICs of PCN exerted promising anti-QS activity without affecting bacterial viability; Agr QS-dependent virulence factors (hemolysin, protease, and motility), and the expression of agrA gene, decreased after PCN treatment. The in silico analysis confirmed the binding of PCN to the AgrA protein active site, which blocked its action. The in vivo study using the rat wound infection model confirmed the ability of PCN to modulate the biofilm and QS of MRSA isolates. CONCLUSION The extracted PCN seems to be a good candidate for treating MRSA infection through biofilm eradication and Agr QS inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Abo Kamer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khaled B Al-Monofy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Lamiaa A Al-Madboly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Park S, Kumar S, Maier CS, Kreth J, Koley D. Simultaneous Chemical Mapping of Live Biofilm Microenvironmental pH and Hydrogen Peroxide in Real Time with a Triple Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Tip. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6332-6340. [PMID: 37018485 PMCID: PMC10485357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Dental plaque biofilm is a complex ecosystem. The distribution of microbial species in the biofilm is heavily influenced by local chemical interactions that result from diverse metabolic activities and the nature of the released molecules. As a relevant example, H2O2-producing bacteria can antagonize disease-associated bacteria, leading to the maintenance of a healthy oral microbiome. Herein, we report the development of a triple-sensor (redox, pH, and H2O2) scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) tip capable of simultaneously mapping the pH and H2O2 concentration produced by a dental plaque-derived multispecies biofilm grown on hydroxyapatite. The pH sensor of the triple SECM tip showed a near Nernstian slope of -71.1 ± 2 mV/pH (N = 3), whereas the H2O2 sensor showed a slope of -0.052 ± 0.002 nA/μM H2O2 at pH 7.2 and a detection limit of 1.0 ± 0.2 μM (N = 7). There is no significant difference in the sensitivities of H2O2 sensors at pH 6.2, 7.2, and 8.2 at 95% CI (N = 7). The pH and H2O2 sensors demonstrated excellent reversibility with response times of 3 and 5 s, respectively, along with reliable stability over 4 h at 37 °C. The sensors did not show any cross talk between pH and H2O2 concentration ([H2O2]) measurements, highlighting the accuracy and versatility of the SECM tip. Simultaneous chemical imaging of pH and [H2O2] across the biofilm revealed a clustered distribution of local H2O2 concentrations, ranging from 0 to 17 μM. Conversely, the local pH remained constant at 7.2. The relation of local chemical profiles and the distribution of bacterial species within the oral microbiome was experimentally investigated in the context of bacterial H2O2 antagonism. The benefit of clustered H2O2 production was that the total area of H2O2 produced by smaller clusters was 67% more than that of a single cluster with the same starting number of bacteria. Thus, this triple SECM tip can potentially be used to study local molecular mechanisms that result in dysbiosis of the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Park
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Sriram Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Jens Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Dipankar Koley
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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Amante C, De Soricellis C, Luccheo G, Luccheo L, Russo P, Aquino RP, Del Gaudio P. Flogomicina: A Natural Antioxidant Mixture as an Alternative Strategy to Reduce Biofilm Formation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13041005. [PMID: 37109533 PMCID: PMC10142241 DOI: 10.3390/life13041005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The National Institute of Health has reported that approximately 80% of chronic infections are associated with biofilms, which are indicated as one of the main reasons for bacteria's resistance to antimicrobial agents. Several studies have revealed the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in reducing biofilm formation induced by different microorganisms. A novel mixture made up of NAC and different natural ingredients (bromelain, ascorbic acid, Ribes nigrum, resveratrol, and pelargonium) has been developed in order to obtain a pool of antioxidants as an alternative strategy for biofilm reduction. The study has demonstrated that the mixture is able to significantly enhance NAC activity against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It has shown an increase in NAC permeation in vitro through an artificial fluid, moving from 2.5 to 8 μg/cm2 after 30 min and from 4.4 to 21.6 μg/cm2 after 180 min, and exhibiting a strongly fibrinolytic activity compared to the single components of the mixture. Moreover, this novel mixture has exhibited an antibiofilm activity against S aureus and the ability to reduce S. aureus growth by more than 20% in a time-killing assay, while on E. coli, and P. mirabilis, the growth was reduced by more than 80% compared to NAC. The flogomicina mixture has also been proven capable of reducing bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces of E.coli, by more than 11% concerning only the NAC. In combination with amoxicillin, it has been shown to significantly increase the drug's effectiveness after 14 days, offering a safe and natural way to reduce the daily dosage of antibiotics in prolonged therapies and consequently, reduce antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Amante
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Chiara De Soricellis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Gianni Luccheo
- Anvest Health s.r.l., Via Rosario Livatino, 84083 Castel San Giorgio, SA, Italy
| | - Luigi Luccheo
- Anvest Health s.r.l., Via Rosario Livatino, 84083 Castel San Giorgio, SA, Italy
| | - Paola Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rita Patrizia Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Pasquale Del Gaudio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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Razgaleh SA, Wrench A, Jones AAD. Surface Energy and Viscoelastic Characteristics of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes Biofilm on Commercial Skin Constructs versus agar. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.527933. [PMID: 36798165 PMCID: PMC9934662 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.527933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are recalcitrant to both study and infectious disease treatment as it requires not only the study or management of single organism behavior, but also many dynamical interactions including but not limited to bacteria-bacteria, bacteria-host, bacteria-nutrients, and bacteria-material across multiple time scales. This study performs comparative and quantitative research of two materials used in biofilm research, TSA agar and skin epidermal, to reveal how adhesion effects viscoelastic properties of biofilms at long time scales. We show that the host surface stressors, such as wettability and surface energy, impact the biofilm's mechanical integrity and viscoelastic properties. While it is known that the bacteria-material interface influences initial biofilm formation and external stress influences mature biofilm function, this study examines the influence of the bacteria-material interface on mature biofilms. These mechanical viscoelastic properties have the potential to determine metabolite and pathogenesis pathways which means that the platform researchers use to study impacts the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Razgaleh
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University
| | - Andrew Wrench
- Duke University Program in Environmental Health
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - A-Andrew D Jones
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University
- Duke University Program in Environmental Health
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Duke University
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