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Bamford RA, Zuko A, Eve M, Sprengers JJ, Post H, Taggenbrock RLRE, Fäβler D, Mehr A, Jones OJR, Kudzinskas A, Gandawijaya J, Müller UC, Kas MJH, Burbach JPH, Oguro-Ando A. CNTN4 modulates neural elongation through interplay with APP. Open Biol 2024; 14:240018. [PMID: 38745463 PMCID: PMC11293442 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuronal cell adhesion molecule contactin-4 (CNTN4) is genetically associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other psychiatric disorders. Cntn4-deficient mouse models have previously shown that CNTN4 plays important roles in axon guidance and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. However, the pathogenesis and functional role of CNTN4 in the cortex has not yet been investigated. Our study found a reduction in cortical thickness in the motor cortex of Cntn4 -/- mice, but cortical cell migration and differentiation were unaffected. Significant morphological changes were observed in neurons in the M1 region of the motor cortex, indicating that CNTN4 is also involved in the morphology and spine density of neurons in the motor cortex. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis identified an interaction partner for CNTN4, confirming an interaction between CNTN4 and amyloid-precursor protein (APP). Knockout human cells for CNTN4 and/or APP revealed a relationship between CNTN4 and APP. This study demonstrates that CNTN4 contributes to cortical development and that binding and interplay with APP controls neural elongation. This is an important finding for understanding the physiological function of APP, a key protein for Alzheimer's disease. The binding between CNTN4 and APP, which is involved in neurodevelopment, is essential for healthy nerve outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary A. Bamford
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
| | - Amila Zuko
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour and Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Madeline Eve
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jan J. Sprengers
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht3508 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Post
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renske L. R. E. Taggenbrock
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht3508 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique Fäβler
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Functional Genomics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Annika Mehr
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Functional Genomics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Owen J. R. Jones
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
| | - Aurimas Kudzinskas
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
| | - Josan Gandawijaya
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
| | - Ulrike C. Müller
- Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB), Functional Genomics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg69120, Germany
| | - Martien J. H. Kas
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht3508 AB, The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J. Peter H. Burbach
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht3508 AB, The Netherlands
| | - Asami Oguro-Ando
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, ExeterEX2 5DW, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Mohrmann L, Seebach J, Missler M, Rohlmann A. Distinct Alterations in Dendritic Spine Morphology in the Absence of β-Neurexins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1285. [PMID: 38279285 PMCID: PMC10817056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are essential for synaptic function because they constitute the postsynaptic compartment of the neurons that receives the most excitatory input. The extracellularly shorter variant of the presynaptic cell adhesion molecules neurexins, β-neurexin, has been implicated in various aspects of synaptic function, including neurotransmitter release. However, its role in developing or stabilizing dendritic spines as fundamental computational units of excitatory synapses has remained unclear. Here, we show through morphological analysis that the deletion of β-neurexins in hippocampal neurons in vitro and in hippocampal tissue in vivo affects presynaptic dense-core vesicles, as hypothesized earlier, and, unexpectedly, alters the postsynaptic spine structure. Specifically, we observed that the absence of β-neurexins led to an increase in filopodial-like protrusions in vitro and more mature mushroom-type spines in the CA1 region of adult knockout mice. In addition, the deletion of β-neurexins caused alterations in the spine head dimension and an increase in spines with perforations of their postsynaptic density but no changes in the overall number of spines or synapses. Our results indicate that presynaptic β-neurexins play a role across the synaptic cleft, possibly by aligning with postsynaptic binding partners and glutamate receptors via transsynaptic columns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Markus Missler
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Neurobiology, University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Astrid Rohlmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Molecular Neurobiology, University Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.M.); (J.S.)
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Chau DDL, Ng LLH, Zhai Y, Lau KF. Amyloid precursor protein and its interacting proteins in neurodevelopment. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1647-1659. [PMID: 37387352 PMCID: PMC10629809 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a key molecule in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the pathogenic amyloid-β peptide is derived from it. Two closely related APP family proteins (APPs) have also been identified in mammals. Current knowledge, including genetic analyses of gain- and loss-of-function mutants, highlights the importance of APPs in various physiological functions. Notably, APPs consist of multiple extracellular and intracellular protein-binding regions/domains. Protein-protein interactions are crucial for many cellular processes. In past decades, many APPs interactors have been identified which assist the revelation of the putative roles of APPs. Importantly, some of these interactors have been shown to influence several APPs-mediated neuronal processes which are found defective in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. Studying APPs-interactor complexes would not only advance our understanding of the physiological roles of APPs but also provide further insights into the association of these processes to neurodegeneration, which may lead to the development of novel therapies. In this mini-review, we summarize the roles of APPs-interactor complexes in neurodevelopmental processes including neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth, axonal guidance and synaptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Dik-Long Chau
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Laura Lok-Haang Ng
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuqi Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kwok-Fai Lau
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Medina-Samamé A, Paller É, Bril MR, Archvadze A, Simões-Abade MBC, Estañol-Cayuela P, LeMaoult C. Role of Neurexins in Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2023; 43:4194-4196. [PMID: 37286342 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0169-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Éva Paller
- University of Groningen, 9700 AB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mateo R Bril
- University of Groningen, 9700 AB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Archvadze
- University of Groningen, 9700 AB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Chloe LeMaoult
- University of Groningen, 9700 AB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pintor-Romero VG, Hurtado-Ortega E, Nicolás-Morales ML, Gutiérrez-Torres M, Vences-Velázquez A, Ortuño-Pineda C, Espinoza-Rojo M, Navarro-Tito N, Cortés-Sarabia K. Biological Role and Aberrant Overexpression of Syntenin-1 in Cancer: Potential Role as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041034. [PMID: 37189651 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Syntenin-1 is a 298 amino acid protein codified by the melanoma differentiation-associated gene-9 (MDA-9). Structurally, it is composed of four domains: N-terminal, PDZ1, PDZ2, and C-terminal. The PDZ domains of syntenin-1 are involved in the stability and interaction with other molecules such as proteins, glycoproteins, and lipids. Domains are also associated with several biological functions such as the activation of signaling pathways related to cell-to-cell adhesion, signaling translation, and the traffic of intracellular lipids, among others. The overexpression of syntenin-1 has been reported in glioblastoma, colorectal, melanoma, lung, prostate, and breast cancer, which promotes tumorigenesis by regulating cell migration, invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immune response evasion, and metastasis. The overexpression of syntenin-1 in samples has been associated with worst prognostic and recurrence, whereas the use of inhibitors such as shRNA, siRNA, and PDZli showed a diminution of the tumor size and reduction in metastasis and invasion. Syntenin-1 has been suggested as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer for developing more effective diagnostic/prognostic tests or passive/active immunotherapies.
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