1
|
Ho DM, Shaban M, Mahmood F, Ganguly P, Todeschini L, Van Vactor D, Artavanis-Tsakonas S. cAMP/PKA signaling regulates TDP-43 aggregation and mislocalization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400732121. [PMID: 38838021 PMCID: PMC11181030 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400732121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of TDP-43 protein are hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and are observed in the vast majority of both familial and sporadic cases. How these two interconnected processes are regulated on a molecular level, however, remains enigmatic. Genome-wide screens for modifiers of the ALS-associated genes TDP-43 and FUS have identified the phospholipase D (Pld) pathway as a key regulator of ALS-related phenotypes in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster [M. W. Kankel et al., Genetics 215, 747-766 (2020)]. Here, we report the results of our search for downstream targets of the enzymatic product of Pld, phosphatidic acid. We identify two conserved negative regulators of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, the phosphodiesterase dunce and the inhibitory subunit PKA-R2, as modifiers of pathogenic phenotypes resulting from overexpression of the Drosophila TDP-43 ortholog TBPH. We show that knockdown of either of these genes results in a mitigation of both TBPH aggregation and mislocalization in larval motor neuron cell bodies, as well as an amelioration of adult-onset motor defects and shortened lifespan induced by TBPH. We determine that PKA kinase activity is downstream of both TBPH and Pld and that overexpression of the PKA target CrebA can rescue TBPH mislocalization. These findings suggest a model whereby increasing cAMP/PKA signaling can ameliorate the molecular and functional effects of pathological TDP-43.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana M. Ho
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Cancer Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Cancer Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA02142
| | - Payel Ganguly
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | | | - David Van Vactor
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang W, Zhu F, Zhu J, Liu K. Phospholipase D, a Novel Therapeutic Target Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative and Neuroimmune Diseases. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2024; 2024:6681911. [PMID: 38487684 PMCID: PMC10940030 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6681911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is an enzyme that consists of six isoforms (PLD1-PLD6) and has been discovered in different organisms including bacteria, viruses, plants, and mammals. PLD is involved in regulating a wide range of nerve cells' physiological processes, such as cytoskeleton modulation, proliferation/growth, vesicle trafficking, morphogenesis, and development. Simultaneously, PLD, which also plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neuroimmune diseases. In this review, family members, characterizations, structure, functions and related signaling pathways, and therapeutic values of PLD was summarized, then five representative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), etc. were selected as examples to tell the involvement of PLD in these neurological diseases. Notably, recent advances in the development of tools for studying PLD therapy envisaged novel therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, the limitations of PLD based therapy were also analyzed and discussed. The content of this review provided a thorough and reasonable basis for further studies to exploit the potential of PLD in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuroimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Colavitta MF, Barrantes FJ. Therapeutic Strategies Aimed at Improving Neuroplasticity in Alzheimer Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2052. [PMID: 37631266 PMCID: PMC10459958 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia among elderly people. Owing to its varied and multicausal etiopathology, intervention strategies have been highly diverse. Despite ongoing advances in the field, efficient therapies to mitigate AD symptoms or delay their progression are still of limited scope. Neuroplasticity, in broad terms the ability of the brain to modify its structure in response to external stimulation or damage, has received growing attention as a possible therapeutic target, since the disruption of plastic mechanisms in the brain appear to correlate with various forms of cognitive impairment present in AD patients. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies have attempted to enhance neuroplasticity via different mechanisms, for example, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, targeting the activity of neurotransmitter systems, or addressing neuroinflammation. In this review, we first describe several structural and functional aspects of neuroplasticity. We then focus on the current status of pharmacological approaches to AD stemming from clinical trials targeting neuroplastic mechanisms in AD patients. This is followed by an analysis of analogous pharmacological interventions in animal models, according to their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María F. Colavitta
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP-UCA), Facultad de Psicología, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina;
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao H, Brånalt J, Perry M, Tyrchan C. The Role of Allylic Strain for Conformational Control in Medicinal Chemistry. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37285219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
It is axiomatic in medicinal chemistry that optimization of the potency of a small molecule at a macromolecular target requires complementarity between the ligand and target. In order to minimize the conformational penalty on binding, both enthalpically and entropically, it is therefore preferred to have the ligand preorganized in the bound conformation. In this Perspective, we highlight the role of allylic strain in controlling conformational preferences. Allylic strain was originally described for carbon-based allylic systems, but the same principles apply to other types of structure with sp2 or pseudo-sp2 arrangements. These systems include benzylic (including heteroaryl methyl) positions, amides, N-aryl groups, aryl ethers, and nucleotides. We have derived torsion profiles from small molecule X-ray structures for these systems. Through multiple examples, we show how these effects have been applied in drug discovery and how they can be used prospectively to influence conformation in the design process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Zhao
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| | - Jonas Brånalt
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| | - Matthew Perry
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| | - Christian Tyrchan
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alvarez-Mora I, Bolliet V, Lopez-Herguedas N, Olivares M, Monperrus M, Etxebarria N. Metabolomics to study the sublethal effects of diazepam and irbesartan on glass eels (Anguilla anguilla). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106547. [PMID: 37120958 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Since glass eels are continuously exposed to contamination throughout their migratory journey in estuaries, to a certain extent the fall in the population of this endangered species might be attributed to this exposure, which is especially acute in estuaries under high urban pressure. In this work, metabolomics was used to address the main objective of this study, to evaluate the effects of two pharmaceuticals previously identified as potential concerning chemicals for fish (diazepam and irbesartan) on glass eels. An exposure experiment to diazepam, irbesartan and their mixture was carried out over 7 days followed by 7 days of depuration phase. After exposure, glass eels were individually sacrificed using a lethal bath of anesthesia, and then an unbiased sample extraction method was used to extract separately the polar metabolome and the lipidome. The polar metabolome was submitted to targeted and non-targeted analysis, whereas for the lipidome only the non-targeted analysis was carried out. A combined strategy using partial least squares discriminant analysis and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis (ANOVA, ASCA, t-test, and fold-change analysis) was used to identify the metabolites altered in the exposed groups with respect to the control group. The results of the polar metabolome analysis revealed that glass eels exposed to the diazepam-irbesartan mixture were the most impacted ones, with altered levels for 11 metabolites, some of them belonging to the energetic metabolism, which was confirmed to be sensitive to these contaminants. Additionally, the dysregulation of the levels of twelve lipids, most of them with energetic and structural functions, was also found after exposure to the mixture, which might be related to oxidative stress, inflammation, or alteration of the energetic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iker Alvarez-Mora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Leioa Biscay 48080, Spain; Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Plentzia Biscay 48620, Spain.
| | - Valérie Bolliet
- E2S UPPA, ECOBIOP, Aquapôle INRAE, MIRA, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle F64310, France
| | - Naroa Lopez-Herguedas
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Leioa Biscay 48080, Spain; Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Plentzia Biscay 48620, Spain
| | - Maitane Olivares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Leioa Biscay 48080, Spain; Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Plentzia Biscay 48620, Spain
| | - Mathilde Monperrus
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Basque Country, Anglet 64000, France
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Leioa Biscay 48080, Spain; Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country, Basque Country, Plentzia Biscay 48620, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan Z, Hansen SB. Cholesterol Regulation of Membrane Proteins Revealed by Two-Color Super-Resolution Imaging. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13020250. [PMID: 36837753 PMCID: PMC9966874 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol and phosphatidyl inositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) are hydrophobic molecules that regulate protein function in the plasma membrane of all cells. In this review, we discuss how changes in cholesterol concentration cause nanoscopic (<200 nm) movements of membrane proteins to regulate their function. Cholesterol is known to cluster many membrane proteins (often palmitoylated proteins) with long-chain saturated lipids. Although PIP2 is better known for gating ion channels, in this review, we will discuss a second independent function as a regulator of nanoscopic protein movement that opposes cholesterol clustering. The understanding of the movement of proteins between nanoscopic lipid domains emerged largely through the recent advent of super-resolution imaging and the establishment of two-color techniques to label lipids separate from proteins. We discuss the labeling techniques for imaging, their strengths and weakness, and how they are used to reveal novel mechanisms for an ion channel, transporter, and enzyme function. Among the mechanisms, we describe substrate and ligand presentation and their ability to activate enzymes, gate channels, and transporters rapidly and potently. Finally, we define cholesterol-regulated proteins (CRP) and discuss the role of PIP2 in opposing the regulation of cholesterol, as seen through super-resolution imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Yuan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, UF Scripps, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Department of Neuroscience UF Scripps, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Scott B. Hansen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, UF Scripps, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Department of Neuroscience UF Scripps, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Camellia oil improves Aβ25-35-induced memory impairment by regulating the composition of the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
8
|
Barber CN, Goldschmidt HL, Lilley B, Bygrave AM, Johnson RC, Huganir RL, Zack DJ, Raben DM. Differential expression patterns of phospholipase D isoforms 1 and 2 in the mammalian brain and retina. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100247. [PMID: 35764123 PMCID: PMC9305353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid is a key signaling molecule heavily implicated in exocytosis due to its protein-binding partners and propensity to induce negative membrane curvature. One phosphatidic acid-producing enzyme, phospholipase D (PLD), has also been implicated in neurotransmission. Unfortunately, due to the unreliability of reagents, there has been confusion in the literature regarding the expression of PLD isoforms in the mammalian brain which has hampered our understanding of their functional roles in neurons. To address this, we generated epitope-tagged PLD1 and PLD2 knockin mice using CRISPR/Cas9. Using these mice, we show that PLD1 and PLD2 are both localized at synapses by adulthood, with PLD2 expression being considerably higher in glial cells and PLD1 expression predominating in neurons. Interestingly, we observed that only PLD1 is expressed in the mouse retina, where it is found in the synaptic plexiform layers. These data provide critical information regarding the localization and potential role of PLDs in the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey N Barber
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hana L Goldschmidt
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brendan Lilley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexei M Bygrave
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard C Johnson
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard L Huganir
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donald J Zack
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel M Raben
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
May-Dracka TL, Gao F, Hopkins BT, Hronowski X, Chen T, Chodaparambil JV, Metrick CM, Cullivan M, Enyedy I, Kaliszczak M, Kankel MW, Marx I, Michell-Robinson MA, Murugan P, Kumar PR, Rooney M, Schuman E, Sen A, Wang T, Ye T, Peterson EA. Discovery of Phospholipase D Inhibitors with Improved Drug-like Properties and Central Nervous System Penetrance. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:665-673. [PMID: 35450377 PMCID: PMC9014516 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is a phospholipase enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing phosphatidylcholine into the lipid signaling molecule, phosphatidic acid, and choline. From a therapeutic perspective, PLD has been implicated in human cancer progression as well as a target for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's. Moreover, knockdown of PLD rescues the ALS phenotype in multiple Drosophila models of ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and displays modest motor benefits in an SOD1 ALS mouse model. To further validate whether inhibiting PLD is beneficial for the treatment of ALS, a brain penetrant small molecule inhibitor with suitable PK properties to test in an ALS animal model is needed. Using a combination of ligand-based drug discovery and structure-based design, a dual PLD1/PLD2 inhibitor was discovered that is single digit nanomolar in the Calu-1 cell assay and has suitable PK properties for in vivo studies. To capture the in vivo measurement of PLD inhibition, a transphosphatidylation pharmacodynamic LC-MS assay was developed, in which a dual PLD1/PLD2 inhibitor was found to reduce PLD activity by 15-20-fold.
Collapse
|
10
|
Miranda AM, Ashok A, Chan RB, Zhou B, Xu Y, McIntire LB, Area-Gomez E, Di Paolo G, Duff KE, Oliveira TG, Nuriel T. Effects of APOE4 allelic dosage on lipidomic signatures in the entorhinal cortex of aged mice. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:129. [PMID: 35351864 PMCID: PMC8964762 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) is the primary genetic risk factor for the late-onset form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the reason for this association is not completely understood, researchers have uncovered numerous effects of APOE4 expression on AD-relevant brain processes, including amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, lipid metabolism, endosomal-lysosomal trafficking, and bioenergetics. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of APOE4 allelic dosage on regional brain lipid composition in aged mice, as well as in cultured neurons. We performed a targeted lipidomic analysis on an AD-vulnerable brain region (entorhinal cortex; EC) and an AD-resistant brain region (primary visual cortex; PVC) from 14-15 month-old APOE3/3, APOE3/4, and APOE4/4 targeted replacement mice, as well as on neurons cultured with conditioned media from APOE3/3 or APOE4/4 astrocytes. Our results reveal that the EC possesses increased susceptibility to APOE4-associated lipid alterations compared to the PVC. In the EC, APOE4 expression showed a dominant effect in decreasing diacylglycerol (DAG) levels, and a semi-dominant, additive effect in the upregulation of multiple ceramide, glycosylated sphingolipid, and bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (BMP) species, lipids known to accumulate as a result of endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction. Neurons treated with conditioned media from APOE4/4 vs. APOE3/3 astrocytes showed similar alterations of DAG and BMP species to those observed in the mouse EC. Our results suggest that APOE4 expression differentially modulates regional neuronal lipid signatures, which may underlie the increased susceptibility of EC-localized neurons to AD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Miguel Miranda
- grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XLife and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal ,grid.10328.380000 0001 2159 175XICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ,grid.418336.b0000 0000 8902 4519Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Imagiology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova Gaia/Espinho, 4434-502 Vila Nova Gaia, Portugal
| | - Archana Ashok
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Robin Barry Chan
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Bowen Zhou
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Yimeng Xu
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Laura Beth McIntire
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Neurology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.491115.90000 0004 5912 9212Present Address: Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Karen E. Duff
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal. .,Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Tal Nuriel
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim HS, Park MY, Yun NJ, Go HS, Kim MY, Seong JK, Lee M, Kang ES, Ghim J, Ryu SH, Zabel BA, Koh A, Bae YS. Targeting PLD2 in adipocytes augments adaptive thermogenesis by improving mitochondrial quality and quantity in mice. J Exp Med 2022; 219:212939. [PMID: 34940790 PMCID: PMC8711045 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD)2 via its enzymatic activity regulates cell proliferation and migration and thus is implicated in cancer. However, the role of PLD2 in obesity and type 2 diabetes has not previously been investigated. Here, we show that during diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity, levels of PLD2 but not PLD1 in adipose tissue are inversely related with uncoupling protein 1, a key thermogenic protein. We demonstrate that the thermogenic program in adipose tissue is significantly augmented in mice with adipocyte-specific Pld2 deletion or treated with a PLD2-specific inhibitor and that these mice are resistant to high fat diet–induced obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, we show that Pld2 deletion in adipose tissue or PLD2 pharmacoinhibition acts via p62 to improve mitochondrial quality and quantity in adipocytes. Thus, PLD2 inhibition is an attractive therapeutic approach for obesity and type 2 diabetes by resolving defects in diet-induced thermogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Sik Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joo Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Go
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young Kim
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Seok Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewang Ghim
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Ryu
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Ara Koh
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoe-Sik Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moll T, Marshall JNG, Soni N, Zhang S, Cooper-Knock J, Shaw PJ. Membrane lipid raft homeostasis is directly linked to neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:999-1011. [PMID: 34623437 PMCID: PMC8709890 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are an unmet health need, with significant economic and societal implications, and an ever-increasing prevalence. Membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) are specialised plasma membrane microdomains that provide a platform for intracellular trafficking and signal transduction, particularly within neurons. Dysregulation of MLRs leads to disruption of neurotrophic signalling and excessive apoptosis which mirrors the final common pathway for neuronal death in ALS, PD and AD. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) and phospholipase (PL) enzymes process components of MLRs and therefore play central roles in MLR homeostasis and in neurotrophic signalling. We review the literature linking SMase and PL enzymes to ALS, AD and PD with particular attention to attractive therapeutic targets, where functional manipulation has been successful in preclinical studies. We propose that dysfunction of these enzymes is upstream in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and to support this we provide new evidence that ALS risk genes are enriched with genes involved in ceramide metabolism (P=0.019, OR = 2.54, Fisher exact test). Ceramide is a product of SMase action upon sphingomyelin within MLRs, and it also has a role as a second messenger in intracellular signalling pathways important for neuronal survival. Genetic risk is necessarily upstream in a late age of onset disease such as ALS. We propose that manipulation of MLR structure and function should be a focus of future translational research seeking to ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Moll
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Jack N G Marshall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Nikita Soni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Michno W, Wehrli PM, Koutarapu S, Marsching C, Minta K, Ge J, Meyer SW, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Henkel C, Oetjen J, Hopf C, Hanrieder J. Structural amyloid plaque polymorphism is associated with distinct lipid accumulations revealed by trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry imaging. J Neurochem 2021; 160:482-498. [PMID: 34882796 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology requires molecular assessment of how key pathological factors, specifically amyloid β (Aβ) plaques, influence the surrounding microenvironment. Here, neuronal lipids have been implicated in Aβ plaque pathology, though the lipid microenvironment in direct proximity to Aβ plaques is still not fully resolved. A further challenge is the microenvironmental molecular heterogeneity, across structurally polymorphic Aβ features, such as diffuse, immature, and mature, fibrillary aggregates, whose resolution requires the integration of advanced, multimodal chemical imaging tools. Herein, we used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization trapped ion mobility spectrometry time-of-flight based mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI TIMS TOF MSI) in combination with hyperspectral confocal microscopy to probe the lipidomic microenvironment associated with structural polymorphism of Aβ plaques in transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice (tgAPPSWE ). Using on tissue and ex situ validation, TIMS MS/MS facilitated unambiguous identification of isobaric lipid species that showed plaque pathology-associated localizations. Integrated multivariate imaging data analysis revealed multiple, Aβ plaque-enriched lipid patterns for gangliosides (GM), phosphoinositols (PI), phosphoethanolamines (PE), and phosphatidic acids (PA). Conversely, sulfatides (ST), cardiolipins (CL), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-conjugated phosphoserines (PS), and PE were depleted at plaques. Hyperspectral amyloid imaging further delineated the unique distribution of PA and PE species to mature plaque core regions, while PI, LPI, GM2 and GM3 lipids localized to immature Aβ aggregates present within the periphery of Aβ plaques. Finally, we followed AD pathology-associated lipid changes over time, identifying plaque- growth and maturation to be characterized by peripheral accumulation of PI (18:0/22:6). Together, these data demonstrate the potential of multimodal imaging approaches to overcome limitations associated with conventional advanced MS imaging applications. This allowed for the differentiation of both distinct lipid components in a complex micro-environment as well as their correlation to disease-relevant amyloid plaque polymorphs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Michno
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK.,Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Patrick M Wehrli
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Srinivas Koutarapu
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Christian Marsching
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karolina Minta
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Junyue Ge
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | | | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Hanrieder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai M, Wang Z, Luu TTT, Zhang D, Finke B, He J, Tay LWR, Di Paolo G, Du G. PLD1 promotes reactive oxygen species production in vascular smooth muscle cells and injury-induced neointima formation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159062. [PMID: 34610470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) generates the signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA) and has been known to mediate proliferation signal in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, it remains unclear how PLD contributes to vascular diseases. VSMC proliferation directly contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. Using the mouse carotid artery ligation model, we find that deletion of Pld1 gene inhibits neointima formation of the injuried blood vessels. PLD1 deficiency reduces the proliferation of VSMCs in both injured artery and primary cultures through the inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT signals. Immunohistochemical staining of injured artery and flow cytometry analysis of VSMCs shows a reduction of the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Pld1-/- VSMCs. An increase of intracellular ROS by hydrogen peroxide stimulation restored the reduced activities of ERK and AKT in Pld1-/- VSMCs, whereas a reduction of ROS by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) scavenger lowered their activity in wild-type VSMCs. These results indicate that PLD1 plays a critical role in neointima, and that PLD1 mediates VSMC proliferation signal through promoting the production of ROS. Therefore, inhibition of PLD1 may be used as a therapeutic approach to suppress neointimal formation in atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ziqing Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thi Thu Trang Luu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Biochemistry and Cell Biology Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dakai Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian Finke
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jingquan He
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Wei Rachel Tay
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fernández-Medarde A, Santos E. Ras GEF Mouse Models for the Analysis of Ras Biology and Signaling. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2262:361-395. [PMID: 33977490 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1190-6_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Animal models have become in recent years a crucial tool to understand the physiological and pathological roles of many cellular proteins. They allow analysis of the functional consequences of [1] complete or partial (time- or organ-limited) removal of specific proteins (knockout animals), [2] the exchange of a wild-type allele for a mutant or truncated version found in human illnesses (knock-in), or [3] the effect of overexpression of a given protein in the whole body or in specific organs (transgenic mice). In this regard, the study of phenotypes in Ras GEF animal models has allowed researchers to find specific functions for otherwise very similar proteins, uncovering their role in physiological contexts such as memory formation, lymphopoiesis, photoreception, or body homeostasis. In addition, mouse models have been used to unveil the functional role of Ras GEFs under pathological conditions, including Noonan syndrome, skin tumorigenesis, inflammatory diseases, diabetes, or ischemia among others. In the following sections, we will describe the methodological approaches employed for Ras GEF animal model analyses, as well as the main discoveries made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Medarde
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca) and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eugenio Santos
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca) and CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Key Disease Mechanisms Linked to Alzheimer's Disease in the Entorhinal Cortex. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083915. [PMID: 33920138 PMCID: PMC8069371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative brain disorder affecting millions of Americans that is expected to increase in incidence with the expanding aging population. Symptomatic AD patients show cognitive decline and often develop neuropsychiatric symptoms due to the accumulation of insoluble proteins that produce plaques and tangles seen in the brain at autopsy. Unexpectedly, some clinically normal individuals also show AD pathology in the brain at autopsy (asymptomatic AD, AsymAD). In this study, SWItchMiner software was used to identify key switch genes in the brain’s entorhinal cortex that lead to the development of AD or disease resilience. Seventy-two switch genes were identified that are differentially expressed in AD patients compared to healthy controls. These genes are involved in inflammation, platelet activation, and phospholipase D and estrogen signaling. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG), zinc-finger transcription factor (YY1), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2), and early growth response 1 (EGR1) were identified as transcription factors that potentially regulate switch genes in AD. Comparing AD patients to AsymAD individuals revealed 51 switch genes; PPARG as a potential regulator of these genes, and platelet activation and phospholipase D as critical signaling pathways. Chemical–protein interaction analysis revealed that valproic acid is a therapeutic agent that could prevent AD from progressing.
Collapse
|
17
|
Santa-Marinha L, Castanho I, Silva RR, Bravo FV, Miranda AM, Meira T, Morais-Ribeiro R, Marques F, Xu Y, Point du Jour K, Wenk M, Chan RB, Di Paolo G, Pinto V, Oliveira TG. Phospholipase D1 Ablation Disrupts Mouse Longitudinal Hippocampal Axis Organization and Functioning. Cell Rep 2021; 30:4197-4208.e6. [PMID: 32209478 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a signaling lipid involved in the modulation of synaptic structure and functioning. Based on previous work showing a decreasing PA gradient along the longitudinal axis of the rodent hippocampus, we asked whether the dorsal hippocampus (DH) and the ventral hippocampus (VH) are differentially affected by PA modulation. Here, we show that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) is a major hippocampal PA source, compared to PLD2, and that PLD1 ablation affects predominantly the lipidome of the DH. Moreover, Pld1 knockout (KO) mice show specific deficits in novel object recognition and social interaction and disruption in the DH-VH dendritic arborization differentiation in CA1/CA3 pyramidal neurons. Also, Pld1 KO animals present reduced long-term depression (LTD) induction and reduced GluN2A and SNAP-25 protein levels in the DH. Overall, we observe that PLD1-derived PA reduction leads to differential lipid signatures along the longitudinal hippocampal axis, predominantly affecting DH organization and functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Santa-Marinha
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel Castanho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rita Ribeiro Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Francisca Vaz Bravo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - André Miguel Miranda
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Torcato Meira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rafaela Morais-Ribeiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Yimeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kimberly Point du Jour
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Markus Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Robin Barry Chan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Vítor Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Auclair N, Sané AT, Delvin E, Spahis S, Levy E. Phospholipase D as a Potential Modulator of Metabolic Syndrome: Impact of Functional Foods. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:252-278. [PMID: 32586106 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Cardiometabolic disorders (CMD) are composed of a plethora of metabolic dysfunctions such as dyslipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, insulin resistance, and hypertension. The development of these disorders is highly linked to inflammation and oxidative stress (OxS), two metabolic states closely related to physiological and pathological conditions. Given the drastically rising CMD prevalence, the discovery of new therapeutic targets/novel nutritional approaches is of utmost importance. Recent Advances: The tremendous progress in methods/technologies and animal modeling has allowed the clarification of phospholipase D (PLD) critical roles in multiple cellular processes, whether directly or indirectly via phosphatidic acid, the lipid product mediating signaling functions. In view of its multiple features and implications in various diseases, PLD has emerged as a drug target. Critical Issues: Although insulin stimulates PLD activity and, in turn, PLD regulates insulin signaling, the impact of the two important PLD isoforms on the metabolic syndrome components remains vague. Therefore, after outlining PLD1/PLD2 characteristics and functions, their role in inflammation, OxS, and CMD has been analyzed and critically reported in the present exhaustive review. The influence of functional foods and nutrients in the regulation of PLD has also been examined. Future Directions: Available evidence supports the implication of PLD in CMD, but only few studies emphasize its mechanisms of action and specific regulation by nutraceutical compounds. Therefore, additional investigations are first needed to clarify the functional role of nutraceutics and, second, to elucidate whether targeting PLDs with food compounds represents an appropriate therapeutic strategy to treat CMD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 252-278.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas Auclair
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain T Sané
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edgard Delvin
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Physiology and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tanguy E, Wolf A, Montero-Hadjadje M, Gasman S, Bader MF, Vitale N. Phosphatidic acid: Mono- and poly-unsaturated forms regulate distinct stages of neuroendocrine exocytosis. Adv Biol Regul 2020; 79:100772. [PMID: 33288473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2020.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipids have emerged as important actors in an ever-growing number of key functions in cell biology over the last few years. Among them, glycerophospholipids are major constituents of cellular membranes. Because of their amphiphilic nature, phospholipids form lipid bilayers that are particularly useful to isolate cellular content from the extracellular medium, but also to define intracellular compartments. Interestingly, phospholipids come in different flavors based on their fatty acyl chain composition. Indeed, lipidomic analyses have revealed the presence in cellular membranes of up to 50 different species of an individual class of phospholipid, opening the possibility of multiple functions for a single class of phospholipid. In this review we will focus on phosphatidic acid (PA), the simplest phospholipid, that plays both structural and signaling functions. Among the numerous roles that have been attributed to PA, a key regulatory role in secretion has been proposed in different cell models. We review here the evidences that support the idea that mono- and poly-unsaturated PA control distinct steps in hormone secretion from neuroendocrine cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Tanguy
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexander Wolf
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Maité Montero-Hadjadje
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1239, Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine, Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicale de Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-France Bader
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blank M, Hopf C. Spatially resolved mass spectrometry analysis of amyloid plaque-associated lipids. J Neurochem 2020; 159:330-342. [PMID: 33048341 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, considerable technical advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based bioanalysis have enabled the investigation of lipid signatures in neuropathological structures. In Alzheimer´s Disease (AD) research, it is now well accepted that lipid dysregulation plays a key role in AD pathogenesis and progression. This review summarizes current MS-based strategies, notably MALDI and ToF-SIMS imaging as well as laser capture microdissection combined with LC-ESI-MS. It also presents recent advances to assess lipid alterations associated with Amyloid-β plaques, one of the hallmarks of AD. Collectively, these methodologies offer new opportunities for the study of lipids, thus pushing forward our understanding of their role in such a complex and still untreatable disease as AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Blank
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CEBIME/PROPESQ), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ganesan R, Henkels KM, Shah K, De La Rosa X, Libreros S, Cheemarla NR, Serhan CN, Gomez-Cambronero J. D-series Resolvins activate Phospholipase D in phagocytes during inflammation and resolution. FASEB J 2020; 34:15888-15906. [PMID: 33047359 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903025rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A successful acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious agents by neutrophils and monocytes, followed by resolution and repair through tissue-resident and recruited macrophages. Resolvins (D-series and E-series) are pro-resolving lipid mediators involved in resolution and tissue repair, whose intracellular signaling remains of interest. Here, we report that D-series resolvins (RvD1- RvD5) activate phospholipase D (PLD), a ubiquitously expressed membrane lipase enzyme activity in modulating phagocyte functions. The mechanism for PLD-mediated actions of Resolvin-D5 (RvD5) in polarizing macrophages (M1-like toward M2-like) was found to be two-pronged: (a) RvD5 inhibits post-transcriptional modifications, by miRs and 3'exonucleases that process PLD2 mRNA, thus increasing PLD2 expression and activity; and (b) RvD5 enhances PLD2-S6Kinase signaling required for membrane expansion and efferocytosis. In an in vivo model of second organ reflow injury, we found that RvD5 did not reduce lung neutrophil myeloperoxidase levels in PLD2-/- mice compared to WT and PLD1-/- mice, confirming a novel role of PLD2 as the isoform in RvD5-mediated resolution processes. These results demonstrate that RvD5-PLD2 are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions in vascular inflammation such as ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ganesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Krushangi Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Xavier De La Rosa
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nagarjuna R Cheemarla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Phospholipase D1 and D2 Synergistically Regulate Thrombus Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186954. [PMID: 32971863 PMCID: PMC7555624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) and PLD2 inhibition by selective PLD1 and PLD2 inhibitors could prevent platelet aggregation in humans, but not in mice. Moreover, only the PLD1 inhibitor, but not PLD2 inhibitor, could effectively prevent thrombus formation in mice, indicating that PLD might play different roles in platelet function in humans and mice. Although PLD1 and PLD2 were reported to be implicated in thrombotic events, the role of PLD in mice remains not completely clear. Here, we investigated the role of PLD1 and PLD2 in acute pulmonary thrombosis and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced brain injury in mice. The data revealed that inhibition of PLD1, but not of PLD2, could partially prevent pulmonary thrombosis-induced death. Moreover, concurrent PLD1 and PLD2 inhibition could considerably increase survival rate. Likewise, inhibition of PLD1, but not PLD2, partially improved ischemic stroke and concurrent inhibition of PLD1, and PLD2 exhibited a relatively better protection against ischemic stroke, as evidenced by the infarct size, brain edema, modified neurological severity score, rotarod test, and the open field test. In conclusion, PLD1 might play a more important role than PLD2, and both PLD1 and PLD2 could act synergistically or have partially redundant functions in regulating thrombosis-relevant events.
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee JA, Hall B, Allsop J, Alqarni R, Allen SP. Lipid metabolism in astrocytic structure and function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:123-136. [PMID: 32773177 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cell in the central nervous system and are involved in multiple processes including metabolic homeostasis, blood brain barrier regulation and neuronal crosstalk. Astrocytes are the main storage point of glycogen in the brain and it is well established that astrocyte uptake of glutamate and release of lactate prevents neuronal excitability and supports neuronal metabolic function. However, the role of lipid metabolism in astrocytes in relation to neuronal support has been until recently, unclear. Lipids play a fundamental role in astrocyte function, including energy generation, membrane fluidity and cell to cell signaling. There is now emerging evidence that astrocyte storage of lipids in droplets has a crucial physiological and protective role in the central nervous system. This pathway links β-oxidation in astrocytes to inflammation, signalling, oxidative stress and mitochondrial energy generation in neurons. Disruption in lipid metabolism, structure and signalling in astrocytes can lead to pathogenic mechanisms associated with a range of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Ak Lee
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Benjamin Hall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jessica Allsop
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Razan Alqarni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Scott P Allen
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mono- and Poly-unsaturated Phosphatidic Acid Regulate Distinct Steps of Regulated Exocytosis in Neuroendocrine Cells. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
25
|
Klose AM, Klier M, Gorressen S, Elvers M. Enhanced Integrin Activation of PLD2-Deficient Platelets Accelerates Inflammation after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093210. [PMID: 32370031 PMCID: PMC7247352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Phospholipase (PL)D1 is crucial for integrin αIIbβ3 activation of platelets in arterial thrombosis and TNF-α-mediated inflammation and TGF-β-mediated collagen scar formation after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Enzymatic activity of PLD is not responsible for PLD-mediated TNF-α signaling and myocardial healing. The impact of PLD2 in ischemia reperfusion injury is unknown. Methods: PLD2-deficient mice underwent myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Results: Enhanced integrin αIIbβ3 activation of platelets resulted in elevated interleukin (IL)-6 release from endothelial cells in vitro and enhanced IL-6 plasma levels after MI in PLD2-deficient mice. This was accompanied by enhanced migration of inflammatory cells into the infarct border zone and reduced TGF-β plasma levels after 72 h that might account for enhanced inflammation in PLD2-deficient mice. In contrast to PLD1, TNF-α signaling, infarct size and cardiac function 24 h after I/R were not altered when PLD2 was deleted. Furthermore, TGF-β plasma levels, scar formation and heart function were comparable between PLD2-deficient and control mice 21 days post MI. Conclusions: The present study contributes to our understanding about the role of PLD isoforms and altered platelet signaling in the process of myocardial I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aglaia Maria Klose
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Simone Gorressen
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.M.K.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Soares da Costa D, Sousa JC, Dá Mesquita S, Petkova-Yankova NI, Marques F, Reis RL, Sousa N, Pashkuleva I. Bioorthogonal Labeling Reveals Different Expression of Glycans in Mouse Hippocampal Neuron Cultures during Their Development. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040795. [PMID: 32059500 PMCID: PMC7070308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of different glycans at the cell surface dictates cell interactions with their environment and other cells, being crucial for the cell fate. The development of the central nervous system is associated with tremendous changes in the cell glycome that is tightly regulated. Herein, we have employed bioorthogonal Cu-free click chemistry to image temporal distribution of different glycans in live mouse hippocampal neurons during their maturation in vitro. We show development-dependent glycan patterns with increased fucose and decreased mannose expression at the end of the maturation process. We also demonstrate that this approach is biocompatible and does not affect glycan transport although it relies on an administration of modified glycans. The applicability of this strategy to tissue sections unlocks new opportunities to study the glycan dynamics under more complex physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Soares da Costa
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (N.I.P.-Y.); (R.L.R.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.d.C.); (I.P.)
| | - João C. Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sandro Dá Mesquita
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nevena I. Petkova-Yankova
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (N.I.P.-Y.); (R.L.R.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (N.I.P.-Y.); (R.L.R.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal; (N.I.P.-Y.); (R.L.R.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.C.S.); (S.D.M.); (F.M.); n (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.d.C.); (I.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Joensuu M, Wallis TP, Saber SH, Meunier FA. Phospholipases in neuronal function: A role in learning and memory? J Neurochem 2020; 153:300-333. [PMID: 31745996 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the human brain being made of nearly 60% fat, the vast majority of studies on the mechanisms of neuronal communication which underpin cognition, memory and learning, primarily focus on proteins and/or (epi)genetic mechanisms. Phospholipids are the main component of all cellular membranes and function as substrates for numerous phospholipid-modifying enzymes, including phospholipases, which release free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipid metabolites that can alter the intrinsic properties of the membranes, recruit and activate critical proteins, and act as lipid signalling molecules. Here, we will review brain specific phospholipases, their roles in membrane remodelling, neuronal function, learning and memory, as well as their disease implications. In particular, we will highlight key roles of unsaturated FFAs, particularly arachidonic acid, in neurotransmitter release, neuroinflammation and memory. In light of recent findings, we will also discuss the emerging role of phospholipase A1 and the creation of saturated FFAs in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merja Joensuu
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Saber H Saber
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Petersen EN, Pavel MA, Wang H, Hansen SB. Disruption of palmitate-mediated localization; a shared pathway of force and anesthetic activation of TREK-1 channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183091. [PMID: 31672538 PMCID: PMC6907892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TWIK related K+ channel (TREK-1) is a mechano- and anesthetic sensitive channel that when activated attenuates pain and causes anesthesia. Recently the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) was shown to bind to the channel and generate a local high concentration of phosphatidic acid (PA), an anionic signaling lipid that gates TREK-1. In a biological membrane, the cell harnesses lipid heterogeneity (lipid compartments) to control gating of TREK-1 using palmitate-mediated localization of PLD2. Here we discuss the ability of mechanical force and anesthetics to disrupt palmitate-mediated localization of PLD2 giving rise to TREK-1's mechano- and anesthetic-sensitive properties. The likely consequences of this indirect lipid-based mechanism of activation are discussed in terms of a putative model for excitatory and inhibitory mechano-effectors and anesthetic sensitive ion channels in a biological context. Lastly, we discuss the ability of locally generated PA to reach mM concentrations near TREK-1 and the biophysics of localized signaling. Palmitate-mediated localization of PLD2 emerges as a central control mechanism of TREK-1 responding to mechanical force and anesthetic action. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Molecular biophysics of membranes and membrane proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nicholas Petersen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Mahmud Arif Pavel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Scott B Hansen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Functions for phospholipase D1 and D2 (PLD1 and PLD2), the canonical isoforms of the PLD superfamily in mammals, have been explored using cell biological and animal disease models for two decades. PLD1 and PLD2, which are activated as a consequence of extracellular signaling events and generate the second messenger signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA), have been reported to play roles in settings ranging from platelet activation to the response to cardiac ischemia, viral infection, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. Of these, the most tractable as therapeutic targets may be thrombotic disease and cancer, as will be discussed here in the context of ongoing efforts to develop small molecule PLD inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Salazar
- Center for Developmental Genetics and the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Frohman
- Center for Developmental Genetics and the Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tanguy E, Wang Q, Vitale N. Role of Phospholipase D-Derived Phosphatidic Acid in Regulated Exocytosis and Neurological Disease. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2020; 259:115-130. [PMID: 30570690 DOI: 10.1007/164_2018_180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play a vital role in numerous cellular functions starting from a structural role as major constituents of membranes to acting as signaling intracellular or extracellular entities. Accordingly, it has been known for decades that lipids, especially those coming from diet, are important to maintain normal physiological functions and good health. On the other side, the exact molecular nature of these beneficial or deleterious lipids, as well as their precise mode of action, is only starting to be unraveled. This recent improvement in our knowledge is largely resulting from novel pharmacological, molecular, cellular, and genetic tools to study lipids in vitro and in vivo. Among these important lipids, phosphatidic acid plays a unique and central role in a great variety of cellular functions. This review will focus on the proposed functions of phosphatidic acid generated by phospholipase D in the last steps of regulated exocytosis with a specific emphasis on hormonal and neurotransmitter release and its potential impact on different neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Tanguy
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212 and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Qili Wang
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212 and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212 and Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
- INSERM, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
McDermott MI, Wang Y, Wakelam MJO, Bankaitis VA. Mammalian phospholipase D: Function, and therapeutics. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 78:101018. [PMID: 31830503 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.101018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite being discovered over 60 years ago, the precise role of phospholipase D (PLD) is still being elucidated. PLD enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond of glycerophospholipids producing phosphatidic acid and the free headgroup. PLD family members are found in organisms ranging from viruses, and bacteria to plants, and mammals. They display a range of substrate specificities, are regulated by a diverse range of molecules, and have been implicated in a broad range of cellular processes including receptor signaling, cytoskeletal regulation and membrane trafficking. Recent technological advances including: the development of PLD knockout mice, isoform-specific antibodies, and specific inhibitors are finally permitting a thorough analysis of the in vivo role of mammalian PLDs. These studies are facilitating increased recognition of PLD's role in disease states including cancers and Alzheimer's disease, offering potential as a target for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M I McDermott
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, United States of America
| | - M J O Wakelam
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - V A Bankaitis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Suppressing aberrant phospholipase D1 signaling in 3xTg Alzheimer's disease mouse model promotes synaptic resilience. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18342. [PMID: 31797996 PMCID: PMC6892889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current approaches in treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is focused on early stages of cognitive decline. Identifying therapeutic targets that promote synaptic resilience during early stages may prevent progressive memory deficits by preserving memory mechanisms. We recently reported that the inducible isoform of phospholipase D (PLD1) was significantly increased in synaptosomes from post-mortem AD brains compared to age-matched controls. Using mouse models, we reported that the aberrantly elevated neuronal PLD1 is key for oligomeric amyloid driven synaptic dysfunction and underlying memory deficits. Here, we demonstrate that chronic inhibition using a well-tolerated PLD1 specific small molecule inhibitor is sufficient to prevent the progression of synaptic dysfunction during early stages in the 3xTg-AD mouse model. Firstly, we report prevention of cognitive decline in the inhibitor-treated group using novel object recognition (NOR) and fear conditioning (FC). Secondly, we provide electrophysiological assessment of better synaptic function in the inhibitor-treated group. Lastly, using Golgi staining, we report that preservation of dendritic spine integrity as one of the mechanisms underlying the action of the small molecule inhibitor. Collectively, these studies provide evidence for inhibition of PLD1 as a potential therapeutic strategy in preventing progression of cognitive decline associated with AD and related dementia.
Collapse
|
33
|
Noble AR, Hogg K, Suman R, Berney DM, Bourgoin S, Maitland NJ, Rumsby MG. Phospholipase D2 in prostate cancer: protein expression changes with Gleason score. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:1016-1026. [PMID: 31673104 PMCID: PMC6964697 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phospholipases D1 and D2 (PLD1/2) are implicated in tumorigenesis through their generation of the signalling lipid phosphatidic acid and its downstream effects. Inhibition of PLD1 blocks prostate cell growth and colony formation. Here a role for PLD2 in prostate cancer (PCa), the major cancer of men in the western world, is examined. METHODS PLD2 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The effects of PLD2 inhibition on PCa cell viability and cell motility were measured using MTS, colony forming and wound-healing assays. RESULTS PLD2 protein is expressed about equally in luminal and basal prostate epithelial cells. In cells from different Gleason-scored PCa tissue PLD2 protein expression is generally higher than in non-tumorigenic cells and increases in PCa tissue scored Gleason 6-8. PLD2 protein is detected in the cytosol and nucleus and had a punctate appearance. In BPH tissue stromal cells as well as basal and luminal cells express PLD2. PLD2 protein co-expresses with chromogranin A in castrate-resistant PCa tissue. PLD2 inhibition reduces PCa cell viability, colony forming ability and directional cell movement. CONCLUSIONS PLD2 expression correlates with increasing Gleason score to GS8. PLD2 inhibition has the potential to reduce PCa progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Noble
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Karen Hogg
- Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Rakesh Suman
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Daniel M Berney
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sylvain Bourgoin
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, local T1-58, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Québec, G1V 4G2, QC, Canada
| | - Norman J Maitland
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Martin G Rumsby
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nabavi SM, Talarek S, Listos J, Nabavi SF, Devi KP, Roberto de Oliveira M, Tewari D, Argüelles S, Mehrzadi S, Hosseinzadeh A, D'onofrio G, Orhan IE, Sureda A, Xu S, Momtaz S, Farzaei MH. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors say NO to Alzheimer's disease. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110822. [PMID: 31536753 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consisted of 11 subtypes (PDE1 to PDE11) and over 40 isoforms that regulate levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the second messengers in cell functions. PDE inhibitors (PDEIs) have been attractive therapeutic targets due to their involvement in diverse medical conditions, e.g. cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD), etc. Among them; AD with a complex pathology is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affect mostly senile people in the world and only symptomatic treatment particularly using cholinesterase inhibitors in clinic is available at the moment for AD. Consequently, novel treatment strategies towards AD are still searched extensively. Since PDEs are broadly expressed in the brain, PDEIs are considered to modulate neurodegenerative conditions through regulating cAMP and cGMP in the brain. In this sense, several synthetic or natural molecules inhibiting various PDE subtypes such as rolipram and roflumilast (PDE4 inhibitors), vinpocetine (PDE1 inhibitor), cilostazol and milrinone (PDE3 inhibitors), sildenafil and tadalafil (PDE5 inhibitors), etc have been reported showing encouraging results for the treatment of AD. In this review, PDE superfamily will be scrutinized from the view point of structural features, isoforms, functions and pharmacology particularly attributed to PDEs as target for AD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sylwia Talarek
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Listos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química (DQ), Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra (ICET), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil.
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Sandro Argüelles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Grazia D'onofrio
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
| | - Saeedeh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bestard-Escalas J, Maimó-Barceló A, Pérez-Romero K, Lopez DH, Barceló-Coblijn G. Ins and Outs of Interpreting Lipidomic Results. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:5039-5062. [PMID: 31422112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Membrane lipids are essential for life; however, research on how cells regulate cell lipid composition has been falling behind for quite some time. One reason was the difficulty in establishing analytical methods able to cope with the cell lipid repertoire. Development of a diversity of mass spectrometry-based technologies, including imaging mass spectrometry, has helped to demonstrate beyond doubt that the cell lipidome is not only greatly cell type dependent but also highly sensitive to any pathophysiological alteration such as differentiation or tumorigenesis. Interestingly, the current popularization of metabolomic studies among numerous disciplines has led many researchers to rediscover lipids. Hence, it is important to underscore the peculiarities of these metabolites and their metabolism, which are both radically different from protein and nucleic acid metabolism. Once differences in lipid composition have been established, researchers face a rather complex scenario, to investigate the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms accounting for their results. Thus, a detail often overlooked, but of crucial relevance, is the complex networks of enzymes involved in controlling the level of each one of the lipid species present in the cell. In most cases, these enzymes are redundant and promiscuous, complicating any study on lipid metabolism, since the modification of one particular lipid enzyme impacts simultaneously on many species. Altogether, this review aims to describe the difficulties in delving into the regulatory mechanisms tailoring the lipidome at the activity, genetic, and epigenetic level, while conveying the numerous, stimulating, and sometimes unexpected research opportunities afforded by this type of studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Bestard-Escalas
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Albert Maimó-Barceló
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Karim Pérez-Romero
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Daniel H Lopez
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Gwendolyn Barceló-Coblijn
- Lipids in Human Pathology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands), Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Piscitelli F, Coccurello R, Totaro A, Leuti A, Giacovazzo G, Verde R, Rossi E, Podaliri Vulpiani M, Ferri N, Giacominelli Stuffler R, Di Marzo V, Oddi S, Bisogno T, Maccarrone M. Targeted Lipidomics Investigation of
N
‐acylethanolamines in a Transgenic Mouse Model of AD: A Longitudinal Study. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research GroupInstitute of Biomolecular ChemistryC.N.R.Via C. Flegrei, 3480078PozzuoliItaly
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- Institute for Complex SystemCNRVia dei Taurini 1900185RomeItaly
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
| | - Antonio Totaro
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
| | - Alessandro Leuti
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
- Department of MedicineCampus Bio‐Medico University of RomeVia Alvaro del Portillo 2100128RomeItaly
| | - Roberta Verde
- Endocannabinoid Research GroupInstitute of Biomolecular ChemistryC.N.R.Via C. Flegrei, 3480078PozzuoliItaly
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”Campo Boario64100TeramoItaly
| | - Michele Podaliri Vulpiani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”Campo Boario64100TeramoItaly
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”Campo Boario64100TeramoItaly
| | | | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Endocannabinoid Research GroupInstitute of Biomolecular ChemistryC.N.R.Via C. Flegrei, 3480078PozzuoliItaly
| | - Sergio Oddi
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TeramoCoste Sant'Agostino Campusvia R. Balzarini 164100TeramoItaly
| | - Tiziana Bisogno
- Endocannabinoid Research GroupInstitute of Traslational PharmacologyCNRVia Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133RomeItaly
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCSPreclinical NeuroscienceVia del Fosso di Fiorano, 6400143RomeItaly
- Department of MedicineCampus Bio‐Medico University of RomeVia Alvaro del Portillo 2100128RomeItaly
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Thakur R, Naik A, Panda A, Raghu P. Regulation of Membrane Turnover by Phosphatidic Acid: Cellular Functions and Disease Implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:83. [PMID: 31231646 PMCID: PMC6559011 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a simple glycerophospholipid with a well-established role as an intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis. In addition to its role in lipid biosynthesis, PA has been proposed to act as a signaling molecule that modulates several aspects of cell biology including membrane transport. PA can be generated in eukaryotic cells by several enzymes whose activity is regulated in the context of signal transduction and enzymes that can metabolize PA thus terminating its signaling activity have also been described. Further, several studies have identified PA binding proteins and changes in their activity are proposed to be mediators of the signaling activity of this lipid. Together these enzymes and proteins constitute a PA signaling toolkit that mediates the signaling functions of PA in cells. Recently, a number of novel genetic models for the analysis of PA function in vivo and analytical methods to quantify PA levels in cells have been developed and promise to enhance our understanding of PA functions. Studies of several elements of the PA signaling toolkit in a single cell type have been performed and are presented to provide a perspective on our understanding of the biochemical and functional organization of pools of PA in a eukaryotic cell. Finally, we also provide a perspective on the potential role of PA in human disease, synthesizing studies from model organisms, human disease genetics and analysis using recently developed PLD inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Thakur
- National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR, Bengaluru, India
| | - Amruta Naik
- National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR, Bengaluru, India
| | - Aniruddha Panda
- National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR, Bengaluru, India
| | - Padinjat Raghu
- National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR, Bengaluru, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Demirev AV, Song HL, Cho MH, Cho K, Peak JJ, Yoo HJ, Kim DH, Yoon SY. V232M substitution restricts a distinct O-glycosylation of PLD3 and its neuroprotective function. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 129:182-194. [PMID: 31121321 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between Val232Met variant of phospholipase D3 (PLD3) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still obscure. While it may not affect directly the amyloid precursor protein function, PLD3 could be regulating multiple cellular compartments. Here, we investigated the function of wild-type human PLD3 (PLD3WT) and the Val232Met variant (PLD3VM) in the presence of β-amyloid (Aβ) in a Drosophila melanogaster model of AD. We expressed PLD3WT in CNS of the Aβ-model flies and monitored its effect on the ER stress, cell apoptosis and recovery the Aβ-induced cognitive impairment. The expression reduced ER stress and neuronal apoptosis, which resulted in normalized antioxidative phospholipids levels and brain protection. A specific O-glycosylation at pT271 in PLD3 is essential for its normal trafficking and cellular localization. The V232 M substitution impairs this O-glycosylation, leading to enlarged lysosomes and plausibly aberrant protein recycling. PLD3VM was less neuroprotective, and while, PLD3WT expression enhances the lysosomal functions, V232 M attenuated PLD3's trafficking to the lysosomes. Thus, the V232 M mutation may affect AD pathogenesis. Further understanding of the mechanistic role of PLD3 in AD could lead to developing novel therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ha-Lim Song
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; ADEL Institute of Science and Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyang Cho
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmin Cho
- ADEL Institute of Science and Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jin Peak
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Hou Kim
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Yong Yoon
- Department of Brain Science, Asan Medical Center, Bio-Medical Institute of Technology (BMIT), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; ADEL Institute of Science and Technology (AIST), ADEL, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Differential lipid composition and regulation along the hippocampal longitudinal axis. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:144. [PMID: 31028243 PMCID: PMC6486574 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are major constituents of the brain largely implicated in physiological and pathological processes. The hippocampus is a complex brain structure involved in learning, memory and emotional responses, and its functioning is also affected in various disorders. Despite conserved intrinsic circuitry, behavioral and anatomical studies suggest the existence of a structural and functional gradient along the hippocampal longitudinal axis. Here, we used an unbiased mass spectrometry approach to characterize the lipid composition of distinct hippocampal subregions. In addition, we evaluated the susceptibility of each area to lipid modulation by corticosterone (CORT), an important mediator of the effects of stress. We confirmed a great similarity between hippocampal subregions relatively to other brain areas. Moreover, we observed a continuous molecular gradient along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus, with the dorsal and ventral extremities differing significantly from each other, particularly in the relative abundance of sphingolipids and phospholipids. Also, whereas chronic CORT exposure led to remodeling of triacylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol species in both hippocampal poles, our study suggests that the ventral hippocampus is more sensitive to CORT-induced changes, with regional modulation of ceramide, dihydrosphingomyelin and phosphatidic acid. Thus, our results confirm a multipartite molecular view of dorsal-ventral hippocampal axis and emphasize lipid metabolites as candidate effectors of glucocorticoid signaling, mediating regional susceptibility to neurological disorders associated with stress.
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang Z, Cai M, Tay LWR, Zhang F, Wu P, Huynh A, Cao X, Di Paolo G, Peng J, Milewicz DM, Du G. Phosphatidic acid generated by PLD2 promotes the plasma membrane recruitment of IQGAP1 and neointima formation. FASEB J 2019; 33:6713-6725. [PMID: 30811216 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800390rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Very little is known about how lipid signaling regulates intima hyperplasia after vascular injury. Herein, we report that deletion and pharmacological inhibition of phospholipase D (PLD)2, which generates the signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA), reduced neointimal formation in the mouse carotid artery ligation model. PLD2 deficiency inhibits migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into the intima in mice as well as migration and formation of membrane ruffles in primary VSMCs. PA specifically binds to the IQ motif-containing guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) scaffold protein. The binding between PA and IQGAP is required for the plasma membrane recruitment of IQGAP1. Similar to PLD2 inhibition, knockdown of IQGAP1 blocks ruffle formation and migration in VSMCs, which are rescued by expression of the exogenous IQGAP1 but not the PA binding-deficient mutant. These data reveal that the PLD2-PA-IQGAP1 pathway plays an important role in VSMC migration and injury-induced vascular remodeling, and implicate PLD2 as a candidate target for therapeutic interventions.-Wang, Z., Cai, M., Tay, L. W. R., Zhang, F., Wu, P., Huynh, A., Cao, X., Di Paolo, G., Peng, J., Milewicz, D. M., Du, G. Phosphatidic acid generated by PLD2 promotes the plasma membrane recruitment of IQGAP1 and neointima formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital-Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wei Rachel Tay
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anh Huynh
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiumei Cao
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA; and
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tanguy E, Wang Q, Moine H, Vitale N. Phosphatidic Acid: From Pleiotropic Functions to Neuronal Pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:2. [PMID: 30728767 PMCID: PMC6351798 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the cellular lipids, phosphatidic acid (PA) is a peculiar one as it is at the same time a key building block of phospholipid synthesis and a major lipid second messenger conveying signaling information. The latter is thought to largely occur through the ability of PA to recruit and/or activate specific proteins in restricted compartments and within those only at defined submembrane areas. Furthermore, with its cone-shaped geometry PA locally changes membrane topology and may thus be a key player in membrane trafficking events, especially in membrane fusion and fission steps, where lipid remodeling is believed to be crucial. These pleiotropic cellular functions of PA, including phospholipid synthesis and homeostasis together with important signaling activity, imply that perturbations of PA metabolism could lead to serious pathological conditions. In this mini-review article, after outlining the main cellular functions of PA, we highlight the different neurological diseases that could, at least in part, be attributed to an alteration in PA synthesis and/or catabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Tanguy
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR-3212 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique & Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Qili Wang
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR-3212 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique & Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hervé Moine
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), UPR-3212 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique & Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Phospholipase D and the Mitogen Phosphatidic Acid in Human Disease: Inhibitors of PLD at the Crossroads of Phospholipid Biology and Cancer. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 259:89-113. [PMID: 31541319 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are key building blocks of biological membranes and are involved in complex signaling processes such as metabolism, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Extracellular signaling by growth factors, stress, and nutrients is transmitted through receptors that activate lipid-modifying enzymes such as the phospholipases, sphingosine kinase, or phosphoinositide 3-kinase, which then modify phospholipids, sphingolipids, and phosphoinositides. One such important enzyme is phospholipase D (PLD), which cleaves phosphatidylcholine to yield phosphatidic acid and choline. PLD isoforms have dual role in cells. The first involves maintaining cell membrane integrity and cell signaling, including cell proliferation, migration, cytoskeletal alterations, and invasion through the PLD product PA, and the second involves protein-protein interactions with a variety of binding partners. Increased evidence of elevated PLD expression and activity linked to many pathological conditions, including cancer, neurological and inflammatory diseases, and infection, has motivated the development of dual- and isoform-specific PLD inhibitors. Many of these inhibitors are reported to be efficacious and safe in cells and mouse disease models, suggesting the potential for PLD inhibitors as therapeutics for cancer and other diseases. Current knowledge and ongoing research of PLD signaling networks will help to evolve inhibitors with increased efficacy and safety for clinical studies.
Collapse
|
43
|
Functional analysis of mammalian phospholipase D enzymes. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181690. [PMID: 30369483 PMCID: PMC6435507 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (PC)-specific phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond of the PC to generate phosphatidic acid (PA) and regulates several subcellular functions. Mammalian genomes contain two genes encoding distinct isoforms of PLD in contrast with invertebrate genomes that include a single PLD gene. However, the significance of two genes within a genome encoding the same biochemical activity remains unclear. Recently, loss of function in the only PLD gene in Drosophila was reported to result in reduced PA levels and a PA-dependent collapse of the photoreceptor plasma membrane due to defects in vesicular transport. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that human PLD1 (hPLD1) is evolutionarily closer to dPLD than human PLD2 (hPLD2). In the present study, we expressed hPLD1 and hPLD2 in Drosophila and found that while reconstitution of hPLD1 is able to completely rescue retinal degeneration in a loss of function dPLD mutant, hPLD2 was less effective in its ability to mediate a rescue. Using a newly developed analytical method, we determined the acyl chain composition of PA species produced by each enzyme. While dPLD was able to restore the levels of most PA species in dPLD3.1 cells, hPLD1 and hPLD2 each were unable to restore the levels of a subset of unique species of PA. Finally, we found that in contrast with hPLD2, dPLD and hPLD1 are uniquely distributed to the subplasma membrane region in photoreceptors. In summary, hPLD1 likely represents the ancestral PLD in mammalian genomes while hPLD2 represents neofunctionalization to generate PA at distinct subcellular membranes.
Collapse
|
44
|
Kaya I, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Hanrieder J. Shedding Light on the Molecular Pathology of Amyloid Plaques in Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice Using Multimodal MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1802-1817. [PMID: 29648443 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Senile plaques formed by aggregated amyloid β peptides are one of the major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) which have been suggested to be the primary influence triggering the AD pathogenesis and the rest of the disease process. However, neurotoxic Aβ aggregation and progression are associated with a wide range of enigmatic biochemical, biophysical and genetic processes. MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a label-free method to elucidate the spatial distribution patterns of intact molecules in biological tissue sections. In this communication, we utilized multimodal MALDI-IMS analysis on 18 month old transgenic AD mice (tgArcSwe) brain tissue sections to enhance molecular information correlated to individual amyloid aggregates on the very same tissue section. Dual polarity MALDI-IMS analysis of lipids on the same pixel points revealed high throughput lipid molecular information including sphingolipids, phospholipids, and lysophospholipids which can be correlated to the ion images of individual amyloid β peptide isoforms at high spatial resolutions (10 μm). Further, multivariate image analysis was applied in order to probe the multimodal MALDI-IMS data in an unbiased way which verified the correlative accumulations of lipid species with dual polarity and Aβ peptides. This was followed by the lipid fragmentation obtained directly on plaque aggregates at higher laser pulse energies which provided tandem MS information useful for structural elucidation of several lipid species. Majority of the amyloid plaque-associated alterations of lipid species are for the first time reported here. The significance of this technique is that it allows correlating the biological discussion of all detected plaque-associated molecules to the very same individual amyloid plaques which can give novel insights into the molecular pathology of even a single amyloid plaque microenvironment in a specific brain region. Therefore, this allowed us to interpret the possible roles of lipids and amyloid peptides in amyloid plaque-associated pathological events such as focal demyelination, autophagic/lysosomal dysfunction, astrogliosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Kaya
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jörg Hanrieder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, House V3, 43180 Mölndal, Sweden
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Urbahn MA, Kaup SC, Reusswig F, Krüger I, Spelleken M, Jurk K, Klier M, Lang PA, Elvers M. Phospholipase D1 regulation of TNF-alpha protects against responses to LPS. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10006. [PMID: 29968773 PMCID: PMC6030188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28331-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disorder with organ dysfunction and represents the leading cause of mortality in non-coronary intensive care units. A key player in septic shock is Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α). Phospholipase (PL)D1 is involved in the regulation of TNF-α upon ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. In this study we analyzed the impact of PLD1 in the regulation of TNF-α, inflammation and organ damage in experimental sepsis. PLD1 deficiency increased survival of mice and decreased vital organ damage after LPS injections. Decreased TNF-α plasma levels and reduced migration of leukocytes and platelets into lungs was associated with reduced apoptosis in lung and liver tissue of PLD1 deficient mice. PLD1 deficient platelets contribute to preserved outcome after LPS-induced sepsis because platelets exhibit an integrin activation defect suggesting reduced platelet activation in PLD1 deficient mice. Furthermore, reduced thrombin generation of PLD1 deficient platelets might be responsible for reduced fibrin formation in lungs suggesting reduced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The analysis of Pld1fl/fl-PF4-Cre mice revealed that migration of neutrophils and cell apoptosis in septic animals is not due to platelet-mediated processes. The present study has identified PLD1 as a regulator of innate immunity that may be a new target to modulate sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Andre Urbahn
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Charlotte Kaup
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Friedrich Reusswig
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irena Krüger
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Spelleken
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meike Klier
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University University Medical Center, Moorenstraße.5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ganesan R, Henkels KM, Wrenshall LE, Kanaho Y, Di Paolo G, Frohman MA, Gomez-Cambronero J. Oxidized LDL phagocytosis during foam cell formation in atherosclerotic plaques relies on a PLD2-CD36 functional interdependence. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:867-883. [PMID: 29656494 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2a1017-407rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The uptake of cholesterol carried by low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is tightly controlled in the body. Macrophages are not well suited to counteract the cellular consequences of excess cholesterol leading to their transformation into "foam cells," an early step in vascular plaque formation. We have uncovered and characterized a novel mechanism involving phospholipase D (PLD) in foam cell formation. Utilizing bone marrow-derived macrophages from genetically PLD deficient mice, we demonstrate that PLD2 (but not PLD1)-null macrophages cannot fully phagocytose aggregated oxidized LDL (Agg-Ox-LDL), which was phenocopied with a PLD2-selective inhibitor. We also report a role for PLD2 in coupling Agg-oxLDL phagocytosis with WASP, Grb2, and Actin. Further, the clearance of LDL particles is mediated by both CD36 and PLD2, via mutual dependence on each other. In the absence of PLD2, CD36 does not engage in Agg-Ox-LDL removal and when CD36 is blocked, PLD2 cannot form protein-protein heterocomplexes with WASP or Actin. These results translated into humans using a GEO database of microarray expression data from atheroma plaques versus normal adjacent carotid tissue and observed higher values for NFkB, PLD2 (but not PLD1), WASP, and Grb2 in the atheroma plaques. Human atherectomy specimens confirmed high presence of PLD2 (mRNA and protein) as well as phospho-WASP in diseased arteries. Thus, PLD2 interacts in macrophages with Actin, Grb2, and WASP during phagocytosis of Agg-Ox-LDL in the presence of CD36 during their transformation into "foam cells." Thus, this study provides new molecular targets to counteract vascular plaque formation and atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ganesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Lucile E Wrenshall
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology/Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Yasunori Kanaho
- Department of Physiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael A Frohman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bravo FV, Da Silva J, Chan RB, Di Paolo G, Teixeira-Castro A, Oliveira TG. Phospholipase D functional ablation has a protective effect in an Alzheimer's disease Caenorhabditis elegans model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3540. [PMID: 29476137 PMCID: PMC5824944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21918-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is a key player in the modulation of multiple aspects of cell physiology and has been proposed as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we characterize a PLD mutant, pld-1, using the Caenorhabditis elegans animal model. We show that pld-1 animals present decreased phosphatidic acid levels, that PLD is the only source of total PLD activity and that pld-1 animals are more sensitive to the acute effects of ethanol. We further show that PLD is not essential for survival or for the normal performance in a battery of behavioral tests. Interestingly, pld-1 animals present both increased size and lipid stores levels. While ablation of PLD has no important effect in worm behavior, its ablation in an AD-like model that overexpresses amyloid-beta (Aβ), markedly improves various phenotypes such as motor tasks, prevents susceptibility to a proconvulsivant drug, has a protective effect upon serotonin treatment and reverts the biometric changes in the Aβ animals, leading to the normalization of the worm body size. Overall, this work proposes the C. elegans model as a relevant tool to study the functions of PLD and further supports the notion that PLD has a significant role in neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Vaz Bravo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge Da Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Robin Barry Chan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, 10032, USA
- Denali Therapeutics Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Andreia Teixeira-Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tiago Gil Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Krishnan B, Kayed R, Taglialatela G. Elevated phospholipase D isoform 1 in Alzheimer's disease patients' hippocampus: Relevance to synaptic dysfunction and memory deficits. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2018; 4:89-102. [PMID: 29560412 PMCID: PMC5857521 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Phospholipase D (PLD), a lipolytic enzyme that breaks down membrane phospholipids, is also involved in signaling mechanisms downstream of seven transmembrane receptors. Abnormally elevated levels of PLD activity are well-established in Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating the two isoforms of mammalian phosphatidylcholine cleaving PLD (PC-PLD1 and PC-PLD2). Therefore, we took a systematic approach of investigating isoform-specific expression in human synaptosomes and further investigated the possibility of therapeutic intervention using preclinical studies. Methods Synaptosomal Western blot analyses on the postmortem human hippocampus, temporal cortex, and frontal cortex of AD patient brains/age-matched controls and the 3XTg-AD mice hippocampus (mouse model with overexpression of human amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1 gene, and microtubule-associated protein tau causing neuropathology progressing comparable to that in human AD patients) were used to detect the levels of neuronal PLD1 expression. Mouse hippocampal long-term potentiation of PLD1-dependent changes was studied using pharmacological approaches in ex vivo slice preparations from wild-type and transgenic mouse models. Finally, PLD1-dependent changes in novel object recognition memory were assessed following PLD1 inhibition. Results We observed elevated synaptosomal PLD1 in the hippocampus/temporal cortex from postmortem tissues of AD patients compared to age-matched controls and age-dependent hippocampal PLD1 increases in 3XTg-AD mice. PLD1 inhibition blocked effects of oligomeric amyloid β or toxic oligomeric tau species on high-frequency stimulation long-term potentiation and novel object recognition deficits in wild-type mice. Finally, PLD1 inhibition blocked long-term potentiation deficits normally observed in aging 3XTg-AD mice. Discussion Using human studies, we propose a novel role for PLD1-dependent signaling as a critical mechanism underlying oligomer-driven synaptic dysfunction and consequent memory disruption in AD. We, further, provide the first set of preclinical studies toward future therapeutics targeting PLD1 in slowing down/stopping the progression of AD-related memory deficits as a complementary approach to immunoscavenging clinical trials that are currently in progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: 409 772 8069; Fax: 409 747 0015.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abdulnour REE, Howrylak JA, Tavares AH, Douda DN, Henkels KM, Miller TE, Fredenburgh LE, Baron RM, Gomez-Cambronero J, Levy BD. Phospholipase D isoforms differentially regulate leukocyte responses to acute lung injury. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:919-932. [PMID: 29437245 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0617-252rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) plays important roles in cellular responses to tissue injury that are critical to acute inflammatory diseases, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We investigated the expression of PLD isoforms and related phospholipid phosphatases in patients with ARDS, and their roles in a murine model of self-limited acute lung injury (ALI). Gene expression microarray analysis on whole blood obtained from patients that met clinical criteria for ARDS and clinically matched controls (non-ARDS) demonstrated that PLD1 gene expression was increased in patients with ARDS relative to non-ARDS and correlated with survival. In contrast, PLD2 expression was associated with mortality. In a murine model of self-resolving ALI, lung Pld1 expression increased and Pld2 expression decreased 24 h after intrabronchial acid. Total lung PLD activity was increased 24 h after injury. Pld1-/- mice demonstrated impaired alveolar barrier function and increased tissue injury relative to WT and Pld2-/- , whereas Pld2-/- mice demonstrated increased recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased tissue injury. Isoform-specific PLD inhibitors mirrored the results with isoform-specific Pld-KO mice. PLD1 gene expression knockdown in human leukocytes was associated with decreased phagocytosis by neutrophils, whereas reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis decreased in M2-macrophages. PLD2 gene expression knockdown increased neutrophil and M2-macrophage transmigration, and increased M2-macrophage phagocytosis. These results uncovered selective regulation of PLD isoforms after ALI, and opposing effects of selective isoform knockdown on host responses and tissue injury. These findings support therapeutic strategies targeting specific PLD isoforms for the treatment of ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja-Elie E Abdulnour
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Judie A Howrylak
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander H Tavares
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David N Douda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen M Henkels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Taylor E Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca M Baron
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julian Gomez-Cambronero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Unraveling the Burden of Iron in Neurodegeneration: Intersections with Amyloid Beta Peptide Pathology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2850341. [PMID: 29581821 PMCID: PMC5831758 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2850341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Unbound iron accumulated as a consequence of brain aging is highly reactive with water and oxygen and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals. ROS are toxic compounds able to damage cell membranes, DNA, and mitochondria. Which are the mechanisms involved in neuronal iron homeostasis and in neuronal response to iron-induced oxidative stress constitutes a cutting-edge topic in metalloneurobiology. Increasing our knowledge about the underlying mechanisms that operate in iron accumulation and their consequences would shed light on the comprehension of the molecular events that participate in the pathophysiology of the abovementioned neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, current evidences about iron accumulation in the brain, the signaling mechanisms triggered by metal overload, as well as the interaction between amyloid β (Aβ) and iron, will be summarized.
Collapse
|