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Meng J, Zhou W, Mao X, Lei P, An X, Xue H, Qi Y, Yu F, Liu X. PRL1 interacts with and stabilizes RPA2A to regulate carbon deprivation-induced senescence in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39229867 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a developmental program regulated by both endogenous and environmental cues. Abiotic stresses such as nutrient deprivation can induce premature leaf senescence, which profoundly impacts plant growth and crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced senescence are not fully understood. In this work, employing a carbon deprivation (C-deprivation)-induced senescence assay in Arabidopsis seedlings, we identified PLEIOTROPIC REGULATORY LOCUS 1 (PRL1), a component of the NineTeen Complex, as a negative regulator of C-deprivation-induced senescence. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PRL1 directly interacts with the RPA2A subunit of the single-stranded DNA-binding Replication Protein A (RPA) complex. Consistently, the loss of RPA2A leads to premature senescence, while increased expression of RPA2A inhibits senescence. Moreover, overexpression of RPA2A reverses the accelerated senescence in prl1 mutants, and the interaction with PRL1 stabilizes RPA2A under C-deprivation. In summary, our findings reveal the involvement of the PRL1-RPA2A functional module in C-deprivation-induced plant senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xue An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yafei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiayan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Xue H, Zhou W, Yang L, Li S, Lei P, An X, Jia M, Zhang H, Yu F, Meng J, Liu X. Endoplasmic reticulum protein ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 negatively regulates senescence in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 196:273-290. [PMID: 38781292 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant senescence is a highly regulated developmental program crucial for nutrient reallocation and stress adaptation in response to developmental and environmental cues. Stress-induced and age-dependent natural senescence share both overlapping and distinct molecular responses and regulatory schemes. Previously, we have utilized a carbon-deprivation (C-deprivation) senescence assay using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings to investigate senescence regulation. Here we conducted a comprehensive time-resolved transcriptomic analysis of Arabidopsis wild type seedlings subjected to C-deprivation treatment at multiple time points, unveiling substantial temporal changes and distinct gene expression patterns. Moreover, we identified ALTERED MERISTEM PROGRAM 1 (AMP1), encoding an endoplasmic reticulum protein, as a potential regulator of senescence based on its expression profile. By characterizing loss-of-function alleles and overexpression lines of AMP1, we confirmed its role as a negative regulator of plant senescence. Genetic analyses further revealed a synergistic interaction between AMP1 and the autophagy pathway in regulating senescence. Additionally, we discovered a functional association between AMP1 and the endosome-localized ABNORMAL SHOOT3 (ABS3)-mediated senescence pathway and positioned key senescence-promoting transcription factors downstream of AMP1. Overall, our findings shed light on the molecular intricacies of transcriptome reprogramming during C-deprivation-induced senescence and the functional interplay among endomembrane compartments in controlling plant senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuting Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xue An
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fei Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiayan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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3
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Zhang C, Fang H, Wang J, Tao H, Wang D, Qin M, He F, Wang R, Wang GL, Ning Y. The rice E3 ubiquitin ligase-transcription factor module targets two trypsin inhibitors to enhance broad-spectrum disease resistance. Dev Cell 2024; 59:2017-2033.e5. [PMID: 38781974 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Broad-spectrum disease resistance (BSR) is crucial for controlling plant diseases and relies on immune signals that are subject to transcriptional and post-translational regulation. How plants integrate and coordinate these signals remains unclear. We show here that the rice really interesting new gene (RING)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase OsRING113 targets APIP5, a negative regulator of plant immunity and programmed cell death (PCD), for 26S proteasomal degradation. The osring113 mutants in Nipponbare exhibited decreased BSR, while the overexpressing OsRING113 plants showed enhanced BSR against Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Furthermore, APIP5 directly suppressed the transcription of the Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor genes OsBBTI5 and AvrPiz-t-interacting protein 4 (APIP4). Overexpression of these two genes, which are partially required for APIP5-mediated PCD and disease resistance, conferred BSR. OsBBTI5 and APIP4 associated with and stabilized the pathogenesis-related protein OsPR1aL, which promotes M. oryzae resistance. Our results identify an immune module with integrated and coordinated hierarchical regulations that confer BSR in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jisong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hui Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Debao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengchao Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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4
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Rankenberg T, van Veen H, Sedaghatmehr M, Liao CY, Devaiah MB, Stouten EA, Balazadeh S, Sasidharan R. Differential leaf flooding resilience in Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by ethylene signaling-activated and age-dependent phosphorylation of ORESARA1. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100848. [PMID: 38379284 PMCID: PMC11211547 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The phytohormone ethylene is a major regulator of plant adaptive responses to flooding. In flooded plant tissues, ethylene quickly increases to high concentrations owing to its low solubility and diffusion rates in water. Ethylene accumulation in submerged plant tissues makes it a reliable cue for triggering flood acclimation responses, including metabolic adjustments to cope with flood-induced hypoxia. However, persistent ethylene accumulation also accelerates leaf senescence. Stress-induced senescence hampers photosynthetic capacity and stress recovery. In submerged Arabidopsis, senescence follows a strict age-dependent pattern starting with the older leaves. Although mechanisms underlying ethylene-mediated senescence have been uncovered, it is unclear how submerged plants avoid indiscriminate breakdown of leaves despite high systemic ethylene accumulation. We demonstrate that although submergence triggers leaf-age-independent activation of ethylene signaling via EIN3 in Arabidopsis, senescence is initiated only in old leaves. EIN3 stabilization also leads to overall transcript and protein accumulation of the senescence-promoting transcription factor ORESARA1 (ORE1) in both old and young leaves during submergence. However, leaf-age-dependent senescence can be explained by ORE1 protein activation via phosphorylation specifically in old leaves, independent of the previously identified age-dependent control of ORE1 via miR164. A systematic analysis of the roles of the major flooding stress cues and signaling pathways shows that only the combination of ethylene and darkness is sufficient to mimic submergence-induced senescence involving ORE1 accumulation and phosphorylation. Hypoxia, most often associated with flooding stress in plants, appears to have no role in these processes. Our results reveal a mechanism by which plants regulate the speed and pattern of senescence during environmental stresses such as flooding. Age-dependent ORE1 activity ensures that older, expendable leaves are dismantled first, thus prolonging the life of younger leaves and meristematic tissues that are vital to whole-plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rankenberg
- Plant Stress Resilience, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans van Veen
- Plant Stress Resilience, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands; Evolutionary Plant-Ecophysiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary LIfe Sciences, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mastoureh Sedaghatmehr
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Che-Yang Liao
- Experimental and Computational Plant Development, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Muthanna Biddanda Devaiah
- Experimental and Computational Plant Development, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien A Stouten
- Plant Stress Resilience, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Stress Resilience, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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5
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Jing Y, Yang Z, Yang Z, Bai W, Yang R, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Sun J. Sequential activation of strigolactone and salicylate biosynthesis promotes leaf senescence. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2524-2540. [PMID: 38641854 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a complex process strictly regulated by various external and endogenous factors. However, the key signaling pathway mediating leaf senescence remains unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis SPX1/2 negatively regulate leaf senescence genetically downstream of the strigolactone (SL) pathway. We demonstrate that the SL receptor AtD14 and MAX2 mediate the age-dependent degradation of SPX1/2. Intriguingly, we uncover an age-dependent accumulation of SLs in leaves via transcriptional activation of SL biosynthetic genes by the transcription factors (TFs) SPL9/15. Furthermore, we reveal that SPX1/2 interact with the WRKY75 subclade TFs to inhibit their DNA-binding ability and thus repress transcriptional activation of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthetic gene SA Induction-Deficient 2, gating the age-dependent SA accumulation in leaves at the leaf senescence onset stage. Collectively, our new findings reveal a signaling pathway mediating sequential activation of SL and salicylate biosynthesis for the onset of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zongju Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wanqing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruizhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Yunwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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6
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Luo X, Dai Y, Xian B, Xu J, Zhang R, Rehmani MS, Zheng C, Zhao X, Mao K, Ren X, Wei S, Wang L, He J, Tan W, Du J, Liu W, Yuan S, Shu K. PIF4 interacts with ABI4 to serve as a transcriptional activator complex to promote seed dormancy by enhancing ABA biosynthesis and signaling. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:909-927. [PMID: 38328870 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation plays a key role in the control of seed dormancy, and many transcription factors (TFs) have been documented. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between different TFs within a transcriptional complex regulating seed dormancy remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that TF PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) physically interacted with the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling responsive TF ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE4 (ABI4) to act as a transcriptional complex to promote ABA biosynthesis and signaling, finally deepening primary seed dormancy. Both pif4 and abi4 single mutants exhibited a decreased primary seed dormancy phenotype, with a synergistic effect in the pif4/abi4 double mutant. PIF4 binds to ABI4 to form a heterodimer, and ABI4 stabilizes PIF4 at the protein level, whereas PIF4 does not affect the protein stabilization of ABI4. Subsequently, both TFs independently and synergistically promoted the expression of ABI4 and NCED6, a key gene for ABA anabolism. The genetic evidence is also consistent with the phenotypic, physiological and biochemical analysis results. Altogether, this study revealed a transcriptional regulatory cascade in which the PIF4-ABI4 transcriptional activator complex synergistically enhanced seed dormancy by facilitating ABA biosynthesis and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Luo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yujia Dai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Baoshan Xian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Muhammad Saad Rehmani
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Kaitao Mao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xiaotong Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Shaowei Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Juan He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Weiming Tan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junbo Du
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kai Shu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
- Research & Development, Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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7
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Ma L, Song T, Yu Y, Liu L, Qu M, Zhou S, Meng X, Fan H. Target of rapamycin (TOR) plays a role in regulating ROS-induced chloroplast damage during cucumber (Cucumis sativus) leaf senescence. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14124. [PMID: 38148210 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
In cucumber production, delaying leaf senescence is crucial for improving cucumber yield and quality. Target of rapamycin (TOR) is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase in eukaryotes, which can integrate exogenous and endogenous signals (such as cell energy state levels) to stimulate cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. However, no studies have yet examined the regulatory role of TOR signalling in cucumber leaf senescence. In this study, the effects of TOR signalling on dark-induced cucumber leaf senescence were investigated using the TOR activator MHY1485 and inhibitor AZD8055 combined with transient transformation techniques. The results indicate that TOR responds to dark-induced leaf senescence, and alterations in TOR activity/expression influence cucumber leaf resistance to dark-induced senescence. Specifically, in plants with elevated TOR activity/expression, we observed reduced expression of senescence-related genes, less membrane lipid damage, decreased cell apoptosis, lower levels of reactive oxygen species production, and less damage to the photosynthetic system compared to the control. In contrast, in plants with reduced TOR activity/expression, we observed higher expression of senescence-related genes, increased membrane lipid damage, enhanced cell apoptosis, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species production, and more damage to the photosynthetic system. These comprehensive results underscore the critical role of TOR in regulating dark-induced cucumber leaf senescence. These findings provide a foundation for controlling premature leaf senescence in cucumber production and offer insights for further exploration of leaf senescence mechanisms and the development of more effective control methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tiefeng Song
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongbo Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linghao Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengqi Qu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiangnan Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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8
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Lei P, Yu F, Liu X. Recent advances in cellular degradation and nuclear control of leaf senescence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:5472-5486. [PMID: 37453102 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is the final stage of plant growth and development, and is a highly regulated process at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. When triggered by age, hormonal, or environmental cues, plants actively adjust their metabolism and gene expression to execute the progression of senescence. Regulation of senescence is vital for the reallocation of nutrients to sink organs, to ensure reproductive success and adaptations to stresses. Identification and characterization of hallmarks of leaf senescence are of great importance for understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of plant senescence, and breeding future crops with more desirable senescence traits. Tremendous progress has been made in elucidating the genetic network underpinning the metabolic and cellular changes in leaf senescence. In this review, we focus on three hallmarks of leaf senescence - chlorophyll and chloroplast degradation, loss of proteostasis, and activation of senescence-associated genes (SAGs), and discuss recent findings of the molecular players and the crosstalk of senescence pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiayan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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9
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Sun A, Yin C, Ma M, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Tu X, Fang Y. Feedback regulation of auxin signaling through the transcription of H2A.Z and deposition of H2A.Z to SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1721-1733. [PMID: 36017638 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a critical phytohormone that is involved in the regulation of most plant growth and developmental responses. In particular, epigenetic mechanisms, like histone modifications and DNA methylation, were reported to affect auxin biosynthesis and transport. However, the involvement of other epigenetic factors, such as histone variant H2A.Z, in the auxin-related developmental regulation remains unclear. We report that the histone variant H2A.Z knockdown mutant in Arabidopsis Col-0 ecotype, h2a.z-kd, has more lateral roots and weak gravitational responses related to auxin-regulated growth performances. Further study revealed that auxin promotes the eviction of H2A.Z from the auxin-responsive genes SMALL AUXIN-UP RNAs (SAURs) to activate their transcriptions. We found that IAA promotes the transcription of H2A.Z genes through HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 22/25 (AtHB22/25) transcription factors which work as downstream targets of ARF7/19 in auxin signaling. Double mutant of hb22 hb25 showed similar lateral root and gravitropism phenotypes to h2a.z-kd. Our results shed light on a reciprocal regulation hub through INOSITOL AUXOTROPHY 80-mediated H2A.Z eviction and ARF7/19-HB22/25-mediated H2A.Z transcription to modulate the activation of SAURs and plant growth in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Sun
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunmei Yin
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Min Ma
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zheng
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tu
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuda Fang
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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