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Cheng J, Bin X, Tang Z. Cullin-RING Ligase 4 in Cancer: Structure, Functions, and Mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189169. [PMID: 39117093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cullin-RING ligase 4 (CRL4) has attracted enormous attentions because of its extensive regulatory roles in a wide variety of biological and pathological events, especially cancer-associated events. CRL4 exerts pleiotropic effects by targeting various substrates for proteasomal degradation or changes in activity through different internal compositions to regulate diverse events in cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the structure of CRL4 with manifold compositional modes and clarify the emerging functions and molecular mechanisms of CRL4 in a series of cancer-associated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Cheng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Bin
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhangui Tang
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Academician Workstation for Oral-maxilofacial and Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
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2
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Li T, Xu L, Wei Z, Zhang S, Liu X, Yang Y, Gu Y, Zhang J. ELF5 drives angiogenesis suppression though stabilizing WDTC1 in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:184. [PMID: 37980532 PMCID: PMC10656961 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Angiogenesis is a main contributing factor for tumorigenesis. E74-like transcription factor 5 (ELF5) has been verified to participate in the progression of different cancers and can regulate angiogenesis. This study was aimed to explore the functions of ELF5 in RCC. METHODS Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the expression of ELF5 in RCC. RT-qPCR was applied for testing ELF5 expression in RCC cells. Cell behaviors were evaluated by colony formation, CCK-8, and transwell assays. The tube formation assay was used for determining angiogenesis. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was utilized for measuring the methylation level of ELF5 in RCC cells. ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were applied for assessing the binding of ELF5 and ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3). Co-IP and GST pull-down were utilized for detecting the interaction of WD40 and tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (WDTC1) and USP3. Ubiquitination level of WDTC1 was determined by ubiquitination assay. RESULTS ELF5 was lowly expressed in RCC cells and tissues. High expression of ELF5 expression notably suppressed RCC cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities, and inhibited angiogenesis. The tumor growth in mice was inhibited by ELF5 overexpression. ELF5 was highly methylated in RCC samples, and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) can promote hypermethylation level of ELF5 in RCC cells. ELF5 was further proved to transcriptionally activate USP3 in RCC. Moreover, USP3 inhibited WDTC1 ubiquitination. ELF5 can promote USP3-mediated WDTC1 stabilization. Additionally, WDTC1 silencing reversed the functions of ELF5 overexpression on RCC progression. CONCLUSION Downregulation of ELF5 due to DNA hypermethylation inhibits RCC development though the USP3/WDTC1axis in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushuai Li
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214013, China
| | - Longjiang Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhe Wei
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214013, China
| | - Shaomei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China
| | - Yanzi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yue Gu
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 Southern Sanhuan Road, Suzhou, 215500, China.
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3
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Fu B, Xiong Y, Sha Z, Xue W, Xu B, Tan S, Guo D, Lin F, Wang L, Ji J, Luo Y, Lin X, Wu H. SEPTIN2 suppresses an IFN-γ-independent, proinflammatory macrophage activation pathway. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7441. [PMID: 37978190 PMCID: PMC10656488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43283-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling is necessary for the proinflammatory activation of macrophages but IFN-γ-independent pathways, for which the initiating stimuli and downstream mechanisms are lesser known, also contribute. Here we identify, by high-content screening, SEPTIN2 (SEPT2) as a negative regulation of IFN-γ-independent macrophage autoactivation. Mechanistically, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces the expression of SEPT2, which balances the competition between acetylation and ubiquitination of heat shock protein 5 at position Lysine 327, thereby alleviating ER stress and constraining M1-like polarization and proinflammatory cytokine release. Disruption of this negative feedback regulation leads to the accumulation of unfolded proteins, resulting in accelerated M1-like polarization, excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Our study thus uncovers an IFN-γ-independent macrophage proinflammatory autoactivation pathway and suggests that SEPT2 may play a role in the prevention or resolution of inflammation during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Binbin Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Shun Tan
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, 400036, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianjian Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Lin
- Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy and Medical Laboratory, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Haibo Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China.
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Nunes RD, Drummond-Barbosa D. A high-sugar diet, but not obesity, reduces female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster. Development 2023; 150:dev201769. [PMID: 37795747 PMCID: PMC10617608 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to reduced fertility in various species, from Drosophila to humans. Considering that obesity is often induced by changes in diet or eating behavior, it remains unclear whether obesity, diet, or both reduce fertility. Here, we show that Drosophila females on a high-sugar diet become rapidly obese and less fertile as a result of increased death of early germline cysts and vitellogenic egg chambers (or follicles). They also have high glycogen, glucose and trehalose levels and develop insulin resistance in their fat bodies (but not ovaries). By contrast, females with adipocyte-specific knockdown of the anti-obesity genes brummer or adipose are obese but have normal fertility. Remarkably, females on a high-sugar diet supplemented with a separate source of water have mostly normal fertility and glucose levels, despite persistent obesity, high glycogen and trehalose levels, and fat body insulin resistance. These findings demonstrate that a high-sugar diet affects specific processes in oogenesis independently of insulin resistance, that high glucose levels correlate with reduced fertility on a high-sugar diet, and that obesity alone does not impair fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Dutra Nunes
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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5
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Tang WS, Cen X, Yao SS, Yin ST, Weng L, Zhao TJ, Wang X. TRiC/CCT chaperonin is required for the folding and inhibitory effect of WDTC1 on adipogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1225628. [PMID: 37691821 PMCID: PMC10483223 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1225628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global pandemic. WDTC1 is a WD40-containing protein that functions as an anti-obesity factor. WDTC1 inhibits adipogenesis by working as an adaptor of the CUL4-DDB1 E3 ligase complex. It remains unclear about how WDTC1 is regulated. Here, we show that the TRiC/CCT functions as a chaperone to facilitate the protein folding of WDTC1 and proper function in adipogenesis. Through tandem purification, we identified the molecular chaperone TRiC/CCT as WDTC1-interacting proteins. WDTC1 bound the TRiC/CCT through its ADP domain, and the TRiC/CCT recognized WDTC1 through the CCT5 subunit. Disruption of the TRiC/CCT by knocking down CCT1 or CCT5 led to misfolding and lysosomal degradation of WDTC1. Furthermore, the knockdown of CCT1 or CCT5 eliminated the inhibitory effect of WDTC1 on adipogenesis. Our studies uncovered a critical role of the TRiC/CCT in the folding of WDTC1 and expanded our knowledge on the regulation of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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6
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Jin M, Yuan Z, Li T, Wang H, Wei C. The Effects of DDI1 on Inducing Differentiation in Ovine Preadipocytes via Oar-miR-432. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11567. [PMID: 37511326 PMCID: PMC10380388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing fat deposition in sheep (Ovis aries) tails is one of the most important ways to combat rising costs and control consumer preference. Our previous studies have shown that oar-miR-432 is differentially expressed in the tail adipose tissue of Hu (a fat-tailed sheep breed) and Tibetan (a thin-tailed sheep breed) sheep and is a key factor in the negative regulation of fat deposition through BMP2 in ovine preadipocytes. This study investigated the effect of oar-miR-432 and its target genes in ovine preadipocytes. A dual luciferase assay revealed that DDI1 is a direct target gene of oar-miR-432. We transfected an oar-miR-432 mimic and inhibitor into preadipocytes to analyze the expression of target genes. Overexpression of oar-miR-432 inhibits DDI1 expression, whereas inhibition showed the opposite results. Compared with thin-tailed sheep, DDI1 was highly expressed in the fat-tailed sheep at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, we transfected the overexpression and knockdown target genes into preadipocytes to analyze their influence after inducing differentiation. Knockdown of DDI1 induced ovine preadipocyte differentiation into adipocytes but suppressed oar-miR-432 expression. Conversely, the overexpression of DDI1 significantly inhibited differentiation but promoted oar-miR-432 expression. DDI1 overexpression also decreased the content of triglycerides. Additionally, DDI1 is a nested gene in intron 1 of PDGFD. When DDI1 was overexpressed, the PDGFD expression also increased, whereas DDI1 knockdown showed the opposite results. This is the first study to reveal the biological mechanisms by which oar-miR-432 inhibits preadipocytes through DDI1 and provides insight into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of DDI1 in ovine preadipocytes. These results have important applications in animal breeding and obesity-related human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Jin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.); (T.L.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zehu Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Taotao Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Huihua Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.); (T.L.)
| | - Caihong Wei
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (M.J.); (T.L.)
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7
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Ran H, Li C, Zhang M, Zhong J, Wang H. Neglected PTM in Animal Adipogenesis: E3-mediated Ubiquitination. Gene 2023:147574. [PMID: 37336271 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a widespread post-transcriptional modification (PTM) that occurs during protein degradation in eukaryotes and participates in almost all physiological and pathological processes, including animal adipogenesis. Ubiquitination is a cascade reaction regulated by the activating enzyme E1, conjugating enzyme E2, and ligase E3. Several recent studies have reported that E3 ligases play important regulatory roles in adipogenesis. However, as a key influencing factor for the recognition and connection between the substrate and ubiquitin during ubiquitination, its regulatory role in adipogenesis has not received adequate attention. In this review, we summarize the E3s' regulation and modification targets in animal adipogenesis, explain the regulatory mechanisms in lipogenic-related pathways, and further analyze the existing positive results to provide research directions of guiding significance for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of E3s in animal adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Ran
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Zhang C, Yi X, Hou M, Li Q, Li X, Lu L, Qi E, Wu M, Qi L, Jian H, Qi Z, Lv Y, Kong X, Bi M, Feng S, Zhou H. The landscape of m 1A modification and its posttranscriptional regulatory functions in primary neurons. eLife 2023; 12:85324. [PMID: 36880874 PMCID: PMC9991057 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion injury (IRI), during which neurons undergo oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), is a notable pathological process in many neurological diseases. N1-methyladenosine (m1A) is an RNA modification that can affect gene expression and RNA stability. The m1A landscape and potential functions of m1A modification in neurons remain poorly understood. We explored RNA (mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA) m1A modification in normal and OGD/R-treated mouse neurons and the effect of m1A on diverse RNAs. We investigated the m1A landscape in primary neurons, identified m1A-modified RNAs, and found that OGD/R increased the number of m1A RNAs. m1A modification might also affect the regulatory mechanisms of noncoding RNAs, e.g., lncRNA-RNA binding proteins (RBPs) interactions and circRNA translation. We showed that m1A modification mediates the circRNA/lncRNA‒miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism and that 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) modification of mRNAs can hinder miRNA-mRNA binding. Three modification patterns were identified, and genes with different patterns had intrinsic mechanisms with potential m1A-regulatory specificity. Systematic analysis of the m1A landscape in normal and OGD/R neurons lays a critical foundation for understanding RNA modification and provides new perspectives and a theoretical basis for treating and developing drugs for OGD/R pathology-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xianfu Yi
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Mengfan Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Enlin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Mingxin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Huan Jian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Zhangyang Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yigang Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Mingjun Bi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal CordTianjinChina
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Wang X, Cai Q, Ping J, Diaz-Zabala H, Xia Y, Guo X. The putative oncogenic role of WDTC1 in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:594-600. [PMID: 35238908 PMCID: PMC9234762 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is detected in approximately 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs). WD40 and tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (WDTC1) is frequently mutated in MSI CRC, indicating that it may contribute to CRC development. However, the functional evidence of the role of WDTC1 in CRC development remains unknown. Herein, we conducted in vitro assays to examine the function of WDTC1 using knockdown experiments in three CRC cell lines, SW480, CACO2, and LoVo. We provided strong evidence that silencing WDTC1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion consistently in all three CRC cell lines. To evaluate the potential role of WDTC1 in regulating CRC-related genes, we conducted RNA sequencing after 24 and 48 h in SW480 cells after treating WDTC1-siRNA and its vehicle control cells. Differential gene expression analysis identified 44 (42 downregulated and 2 upregulated) and 16 (all downregulated) genes, at time points of 24 and 48 h, respectively, whereas 15 downregulated genes were commonly detected at both time points. The ingenuity pathways analysis suggested that the most significant enrichments associated with cancer function and upstream regulator ATM/ATR were observed for these commonly observed genes. We further verified differential gene expression of eight cancer-related genes, ARHGEF12, GSTP1, FNDC3A, TMTC3, RTN4, RRM2, UHMK1, and PTPRF, using RT-PCR in all three cell lines. Our findings provided additional insight into the oncogenic role of WDTC1 in CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jie Ping
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hector Diaz-Zabala
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xingyi Guo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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10
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Eickelberg V, Lüersen K, Staats S, Rimbach G. Phenotyping of Drosophila Melanogaster-A Nutritional Perspective. Biomolecules 2022; 12:221. [PMID: 35204721 PMCID: PMC8961528 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The model organism Drosophila melanogaster was increasingly applied in nutrition research in recent years. A range of methods are available for the phenotyping of D. melanogaster, which are outlined in the first part of this review. The methods include determinations of body weight, body composition, food intake, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. In the second part, the practical application of the phenotyping of flies is demonstrated via a discussion of obese phenotypes in response to high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. HSD feeding and HFD feeding are dietary interventions that lead to an increase in fat storage and affect carbohydrate-insulin homeostasis, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. Furthermore, studies regarding the impacts of HSD and HFD on the transcriptome and metabolome of D. melanogaster are important for relating phenotypic changes to underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, D. melanogaster was demonstrated to be a valuable model organism with which to examine the pathogeneses and underlying molecular mechanisms of common chronic metabolic diseases in a nutritional context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Eickelberg
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Hermann-Rodewald-Strasse 6-8, D-24118 Kiel, Germany; (K.L.); (S.S.); (G.R.)
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11
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Akella S, Ma X, Bacova R, Harmer ZP, Kolackova M, Wen X, Wright DA, Spalding MH, Weeks DP, Cerutti H. Co-targeting strategy for precise, scarless gene editing with CRISPR/Cas9 and donor ssODNs in Chlamydomonas. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2637-2655. [PMID: 34618092 PMCID: PMC8644747 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Programmable site-specific nucleases, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/ CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), have allowed creation of valuable knockout mutations and targeted gene modifications in Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii). However, in walled strains, present methods for editing genes lacking a selectable phenotype involve co-transfection of RNPs and exogenous double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) encoding a selectable marker gene. Repair of the dsDNA breaks induced by the RNPs is usually accompanied by genomic insertion of exogenous dsDNA fragments, hindering the recovery of precise, scarless mutations in target genes of interest. Here, we tested whether co-targeting two genes by electroporation of pairs of CRISPR/Cas9 RNPs and single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ssODNs) would facilitate the recovery of precise edits in a gene of interest (lacking a selectable phenotype) by selection for precise editing of another gene (creating a selectable marker)-in a process completely lacking exogenous dsDNA. We used PPX1 (encoding protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase) as the generated selectable marker, conferring resistance to oxyfluorfen, and identified precise edits in the homolog of bacterial ftsY or the WD and TetratriCopeptide repeats protein 1 genes in ∼1% of the oxyfluorfen resistant colonies. Analysis of the target site sequences in edited mutants suggested that ssODNs were used as templates for DNA synthesis during homology directed repair, a process prone to replicative errors. The Chlamydomonas acetolactate synthase gene could also be efficiently edited to serve as an alternative selectable marker. This transgene-free strategy may allow creation of individual strains containing precise mutations in multiple target genes, to study complex cellular processes, pathways, or structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soujanya Akella
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Xinrong Ma
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Romana Bacova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zachary P Harmer
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Xiaoxue Wen
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - David A Wright
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Martin H Spalding
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Donald P Weeks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Heriberto Cerutti
- School of Biological Sciences and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
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12
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Mirzaeicheshmeh E, Zerrweck C, Centeno-Cruz F, Baca-Peynado P, Martinez-Hernandez A, García-Ortiz H, Contreras-Cubas C, Salas-Martínez MG, Saldaña-Alvarez Y, Mendoza-Caamal EC, Barajas-Olmos F, Orozco L. Alterations of DNA methylation during adipogenesis differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue of patients with obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes. Adipocyte 2021; 10:493-504. [PMID: 34699309 PMCID: PMC8555535 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1978157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis regulation is crucial for mature adipocyte function. In obesity, a major driver of type 2 diabetes (T2D), this process is disrupted and remains poorly characterized. Here we identified altered DNA methylation profiles in diabetic obese patients, during three adipocytes differentiation stages. We isolated mesenchymal cells from visceral adipose tissue of obese patients with and without T2D to analyse DNA methylation profiles at 0, 3, and 18 days of ex vivo differentiation and documented their impact on gene expression. Methylation and gene expression were analysed with EPIC and Clarion S arrays, respectively. Patients with T2D had epigenetic alterations in all the analysed stages, and these were mainly observed in genes important in adipogenesis, insulin resistance, cell death programming, and immune effector processes. Importantly, at 3 days, we found six-fold more methylated CpG alterations than in the other stages. This is the first study to document epigenetic markers that persist through all three adipogenesis stages and their impact on gene expression, which could be a cellular metabolic memory involved in T2D. Our data provided evidence that, throughout the adipogenesis process, alterations occur in methylation that might impact mature adipocyte function, cause tissue malfunction, and potentially, lead to the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Mirzaeicheshmeh
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Zerrweck
- Clínica de Obesidad del Hospital General Tláhuac, SSA, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad De Medicina, Alta Especialidad En Cirugía Bariatrica, Unam, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Federico Centeno-Cruz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paulina Baca-Peynado
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Martinez-Hernandez
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto García-Ortiz
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Contreras-Cubas
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Yolanda Saldaña-Alvarez
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco Barajas-Olmos
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Immunogenomics and Metabolic Disease Laboratory, Instituto Nacional De Medicina Genómica, Ss, Mexico City, Mexico
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13
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Liu J, Yuan B, Cao J, Luo H, Gu S, Zhang M, Ding R, Zhang L, Zhou F, Hung MC, Xu P, Lin X, Jin J, Feng XH. AMBRA1 promotes TGF-β signaling via non-proteolytic polyubiquitylation of Smad4. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5007-5020. [PMID: 34362797 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is pro-metastatic in advanced cancers and its biological activities are mainly mediated by the Smad family of proteins. Smad4 is the central signal transducer and transcription factor in the TGF-β pathway, yet the underlying mechanisms that govern transcriptional activities of Smad4 are not fully understood. Here, we show that AMBRA1, a member of the DDB1 and CUL4-associated factor (DCAF) family of proteins, serves as the substrate receptor for Smad4 in the CUL4-RING (CRL4) ubiquitin ligase complex. The CRL4-AMBRA1 ubiquitin ligase mediates non-proteolytic polyubiquitylation of Smad4 to enhance its transcriptional functions. Consequently, AMBRA1 potentiated TGF-β signaling and critically promoted TGF-β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Mouse models of breast cancer demonstrated that AMBRA1 promotes metastasis. Collectively, these results show that CRL4-AMBRA1 facilitates TGF-β-driven metastasis by increasing Smad4 polyubiquitylation, suggesting AMBRA1 may serve as a new therapeutic target in metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Liu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Bo Yuan
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University
| | - Jin Cao
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Hongjie Luo
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Shuchen Gu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University
| | - Ran Ding
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Long Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University
| | | | - Pinglong Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine
| | | | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University
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14
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Tang WS, Weng L, Wang X, Liu CQ, Hu GS, Yin ST, Tao Y, Hong NN, Guo H, Liu W, Wang HR, Zhao TJ. The Mediator subunit MED20 organizes the early adipogenic complex to promote development of adipose tissues and diet-induced obesity. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109314. [PMID: 34233190 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MED20 is a non-essential subunit of the transcriptional coactivator Mediator complex, but its physiological function remains largely unknown. Here, we identify MED20 as a substrate of the anti-obesity CRL4-WDTC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through affinity purification and candidate screening. Overexpression of WDTC1 leads to degradation of MED20, whereas depletion of WDTC1 or CUL4A/B causes accumulation of MED20. Depleting MED20 inhibits adipogenesis, and a non-degradable MED20 mutant restores adipogenesis in WDTC1-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, knockout of Med20 in preadipocytes abolishes development of brown adipose tissues. Removing one allele of Med20 in preadipocytes protects mice from diet-induced obesity and reverses weight gain in Cul4a- or Cul4b-depleted mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis reveals that MED20 organizes the early adipogenic complex by bridging C/EBPβ and RNA polymerase II to promote transcription of the central adipogenic factor, PPARγ. Our findings have thus uncovered a critical role of MED20 in promoting adipogenesis, development of adipose tissue and diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Qin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni-Na Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Wang X, Wang HY, Hu GS, Tang WS, Weng L, Zhang Y, Guo H, Yao SS, Liu SY, Zhang GL, Han Y, Liu M, Zhang XD, Cen X, Shen HF, Xiao N, Liu CQ, Wang HR, Huang J, Liu W, Li P, Zhao TJ. DDB1 binds histone reader BRWD3 to activate the transcriptional cascade in adipogenesis and promote onset of obesity. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109281. [PMID: 34161765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global pandemic. Identification of key factors in adipogenesis helps to tackle obesity and related metabolic diseases. Here, we show that DDB1 binds the histone reader BRWD3 to promote adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity. Although typically recognized as a component of the CUL4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, DDB1 stimulates adipogenesis independently of CUL4. A DDB1 mutant that does not bind CUL4A or CUL4B fully restores adipogenesis in DDB1-deficient cells. Ddb1+/- mice show delayed postnatal development of white adipose tissues and are protected from diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, by interacting with BRWD3, DDB1 is recruited to acetylated histones in the proximal promoters of ELK1 downstream immediate early response genes and facilitates the release of paused RNA polymerase II, thereby activating the transcriptional cascade in adipogenesis. Our findings have uncovered a CUL4-independent function of DDB1 in promoting the transcriptional cascade of adipogenesis, development of adipose tissues, and onset of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hao-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shen-Ying Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Feng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Nengming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chang-Qin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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16
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Hofbauer HF, Heier C, Sen Saji AK, Kühnlein RP. Lipidome remodeling in aging normal and genetically obese Drosophila males. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103498. [PMID: 33221388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lipid homeostasis is essential for insects to maintain phospholipid (PL)-based membrane integrity and to provide on-demand energy supply throughout life. Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the major lipid class used for energy production and is stored in lipid droplets, the universal cellular fat storage organelles. Accumulation and mobilization of TAG are strictly regulated since excessive accumulation of TAG leads to obesity and has been correlated with adverse effects on health- and lifespan across phyla. Little is known, however, about when during adult life and why excessive storage lipid accumulation restricts lifespan. We here used genetically obese Drosophila mutant males, which were all shown to be short-lived compared to control males and applied single fly mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to profile TAG, diacylglycerol and major membrane lipid signatures throughout adult fly life from eclosion to death. Our comparative approach revealed distinct phases of lipidome remodeling throughout aging. Quantitative and qualitative compositional changes of TAG and PL species, which are characterized by the length and saturation of their constituent fatty acids, were pronounced during young adult life. In contrast, lipid signatures of adult and senescent flies were remarkably stable. Genetically obese flies displayed both quantitative and qualitative changes in TAG species composition, while PL signatures were almost unaltered compared to normal flies at all ages. Collectively, this suggests a tight control of membrane composition throughout lifetime largely uncoupled from storage lipid metabolism. Finally, we present first evidence for a characteristic lipid signature of moribund flies, likely generated by a rapid and selective storage lipid depletion close to death. Of note, the analytical power to monitor lipid species profiles combined with high sensitivity of this single fly lipidomics approach is universally applicable to address developmental or behavioral lipid signature modulations of importance for insect life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald F Hofbauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anantha Krishnan Sen Saji
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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17
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Chatterjee N, Perrimon N. What fuels the fly: Energy metabolism in Drosophila and its application to the study of obesity and diabetes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/24/eabg4336. [PMID: 34108216 PMCID: PMC8189582 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The organs and metabolic pathways involved in energy metabolism, and the process of ATP production from nutrients, are comparable between humans and Drosophila melanogaster This level of conservation, together with the power of Drosophila genetics, makes the fly a very useful model system to study energy homeostasis. Here, we discuss the major organs involved in energy metabolism in Drosophila and how they metabolize different dietary nutrients to generate adenosine triphosphate. Energy metabolism in these organs is controlled by cell-intrinsic, paracrine, and endocrine signals that are similar between Drosophila and mammals. We describe how these signaling pathways are regulated by several physiological and environmental cues to accommodate tissue-, age-, and environment-specific differences in energy demand. Last, we discuss several genetic and diet-induced fly models of obesity and diabetes that can be leveraged to better understand the molecular basis of these metabolic diseases and thereby promote the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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18
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White SM, Bhoj E, Nellåker C, Lachmeijer AM, Marshall AE, Boycott KM, Li D, Smith W, Hartley T, McBride A, Ernst ME, May AS, Wieczorek D, Abou Jamra R, Koch-Hogrebe M, Õunap K, Pajusalu S, van Gassen K, Sadedin S, Ellingwood S, Tan TY, Christodoulou J, Barea J, Lockhart PJ, Nezarati MM, Kernohan KD, Kernohan KD. A DNA repair disorder caused by de novo monoallelic DDB1 variants is associated with a neurodevelopmental syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:749-756. [PMID: 33743206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage-binding protein 1 (DDB1) is part of the CUL4-DDB1 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex (CRL4), which is essential for DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, DNA replication, and signal transduction. Loss-of-function variants in genes encoding the complex components CUL4 and PHIP have been reported to cause syndromic intellectual disability with hypotonia and obesity, but no phenotype has been reported in association with DDB1 variants. Here, we report eight unrelated individuals, identified through Matchmaker Exchange, with de novo monoallelic variants in DDB1, including one recurrent variant in four individuals. The affected individuals have a consistent phenotype of hypotonia, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and similar facies, including horizontal or slightly bowed eyebrows, deep-set eyes, full cheeks, a short nose, and large, fleshy and forward-facing earlobes, demonstrated in the composite face generated from the cohort. Digital anomalies, including brachydactyly and syndactyly, were common. Three older individuals have obesity. We show that cells derived from affected individuals have altered DDB1 function resulting in abnormal DNA damage signatures and histone methylation following UV-induced DNA damage. Overall, our study adds to the growing family of neurodevelopmental phenotypes mediated by disruption of the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase pathway and begins to delineate the phenotypic and molecular effects of DDB1 misregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kristin D Kernohan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Newborn Screening Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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19
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Omagari K, Asamitsu K, Tanaka Y. Application of fluorescent-based technology detecting protein-protein interactions to monitor the binding of hepatitis B virus X protein to DNA-damage-binding protein 1. Biophys Physicobiol 2021; 18:67-77. [PMID: 33977004 PMCID: PMC8056151 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v18.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and the V protein of paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (SV5-V) interact with DNA damage-binding protein 1 (DDB1), a cellular enzyme involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation, to stimulate viral activity. DDB1 has several cellular substrates, and the amino acid sequences of the binding sites in the viral proteins and their substrates are notably dissimilar. To determine whether HBx binds preferentially to DDB1, despite differences in the amino acid sequences, we developed a system to monitor DDB1 binding in living cells through a protein-protein visualization system, designated fluorescent-based technology detecting protein-protein interactions (Fluoppi). HBx in association with DDB1 formed clear fluorescent puncta. The number of these fluorescent puncta increased with an increase in the amount of HBx. The binding of HBx to DDB1 inhibited the cellular substrate DDB1-CUL4A-associated factor 9 (DCAF9) from binding to DDB1. The inhibitor nitazoxanide prevented the viral proteins HBx and SV5-V from binding to DDB1 but did not inhibit the binding of DCAF9 or HBx(ΔNC), which constitutes the binding site of HBx. Our results demonstrate that the Fluoppi system is useful for monitoring the binding of HBx to DDB1 as well as for examining the effect of drugs on DDB1-Hbx binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Omagari
- Department of Virology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kaori Asamitsu
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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20
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Li HM, Liu Y, Ding JY, Zhang R, Liu XY, Shen CL. In silico Analysis Excavates A Novel Competing Endogenous RNA Subnetwork in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:583243. [PMID: 33195333 PMCID: PMC7655901 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.583243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional deformity of the spine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regulate bone mass homeostasis in AIS, which might be related to the pathogenesis of AIS. However, the mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA network linked to the regulation of the genetic pathogenesis of MSCs remains unknown. Methods: We conducted an exhaustive literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Gene Expression Omnibus database to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs), and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs). Functional enrichment analysis was performed through Enrichr database. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING database, and hub genes were identified by CytoHubba. Potential regulatory miRNAs and lncRNAs of mRNAs were predicted by miRTarBase and RNA22, respectively. Results: We identified 551 upregulated and 476 downregulated genes, 42 upregulated and 12 downregulated miRNAs, and 345 upregulated and 313 downregulated lncRNAs as DEGs, DE miRNAs, and DE lncRNAs, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that they were significantly enriched in protein deglutamylation and regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response. According to node degree, one upregulated hub gene and eight downregulated hub genes were identified. After drawing the Venn diagrams and matching to Cytoscape, an mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA network linked to the pathogenesis of MSCs in AIS was constructed. Conclusion: We established a novel triple regulatory network of mRNA–miRNA–lncRNA ceRNA, among which all RNAs may be utilized as the pathogenesis biomarker of MSCs in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Li
- Department of Orthopedics & Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing-Yu Ding
- Department of Orthopedics & Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Renjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics & Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cai-Liang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics & Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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21
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Zou T, Zhang J. Diverse and pivotal roles of neddylation in metabolism and immunity. FEBS J 2020; 288:3884-3912. [PMID: 33025631 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neddylation is one type of protein post-translational modification by conjugating a ubiquitin-like protein neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 to substrate proteins via a cascade involving E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. The best-characterized substrates of neddylation are cullins, essential components of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin-ligase complexes. The discovery of noncullin neddylation targets indicates that neddylation may have diverse biological functions. Indeed, neddylation has been implicated in various cellular processes including cell cycle progression, metabolism, immunity, and tumorigenesis. Here, we summarized the reported neddylation substrates and also discuss the functions of neddylation in the immune system and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zou
- Beijing Institute of Brain Sciences, China
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22
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Matsuo T, Iida T, Ohmura A, Gururaj M, Kato D, Mutoh R, Ihara K, Ishiura M. The role of ROC75 as a daytime component of the circadian oscillator in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008814. [PMID: 32555650 PMCID: PMC7299327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clocks in chlorophyte algae have been studied in two model organisms, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Ostreococcus tauri. These studies revealed that the chlorophyte clocks include some genes that are homologous to those of the angiosperm circadian clock. However, the genetic network architectures of the chlorophyte clocks are largely unknown, especially in C. reinhardtii. In this study, using C. reinhardtii as a model, we characterized RHYTHM OF CHLOROPLAST (ROC) 75, a clock gene encoding a putative GARP DNA-binding transcription factor similar to the clock proteins LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX, also called PHYTOCLOCK 1 [PCL1]) and BROTHER OF LUX ARRHYTHMO (BOA, also called NOX) of the angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana. We observed that ROC75 is a day/subjective day-phase-expressed nuclear-localized protein that associates with some night-phased clock genes and represses their expression. This repression may be essential for the gating of reaccumulation of the other clock-related GARP protein, ROC15, after its light-dependent degradation. The restoration of ROC75 function in an arrhythmic roc75 mutant under constant darkness leads to the resumption of circadian oscillation from the subjective dawn, suggesting that the ROC75 restoration acts as a morning cue for the C. reinhardtii clock. Our study reveals a part of the genetic network of C. reinhardtii clock that could be considerably different from that of A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsuo
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takahiro Iida
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ayumi Ohmura
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Malavika Gururaj
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisaku Kato
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Risa Mutoh
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunio Ihara
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishiura
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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23
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WDR76 mediates obesity and hepatic steatosis via HRas destabilization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19676. [PMID: 31873167 PMCID: PMC6927951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras/MAPK (mitogen active protein kinase) signaling plays contradictory roles in adipocyte differentiation and is tightly regulated during adipogenesis. However, mechanisms regulating adipocyte differentiation involving Ras protein stability regulation are unknown. Here, we show that WD40 repeat protein 76 (WDR76), a novel Ras regulating E3 linker protein, controls 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation through HRas stability regulation. The roles of WDR76 in obesity and metabolic regulation were characterized using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model using Wdr76-/- mice and liver-specific Wdr76 transgenic mice (Wdr76Li-TG). Wdr76-/- mice are resistant to HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia with an increment of HRas levels. In contrast, Wdr76Li-TG mice showed increased HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance with reduced HRas levels. Our findings suggest that WDR76 controls HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis via HRas destabilization. These data provide insights into the links between WDR76, HRas, and obesity.
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24
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Dou H, Duan Y, Zhang X, Yu Q, Di Q, Song Y, Li P, Gong Y. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates adipocyte differentiation by assembling CRL4B ubiquitin ligase to target PPARγ for proteasomal degradation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18504-18515. [PMID: 31653699 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the central regulator of adipogenesis, and its dysregulation is linked to obesity and metabolic diseases. Identification of the factors that regulate PPARγ expression and activity is therefore crucial for combating obesity. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor with a known role in xenobiotic detoxification. Recent studies have suggested that AhR also plays essential roles in energy metabolism. However, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. We previously reported that experiments with adipocyte-specific Cullin 4b (Cul4b)-knockout mice showed that CUL4B suppresses adipogenesis by targeting PPARγ. Here, using immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination, real-time PCR, and GST-pulldown assays, we report that AhR functions as the substrate receptor in CUL4B-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4B) complex and is required for recruiting PPARγ. AhR overexpression reduced PPARγ stability and suppressed adipocyte differentiation, and AhR knockdown stimulated adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, we found that two lysine sites on residues 268 and 293 in PPARγ are targeted for CRL4B-mediated ubiquitination, indicating cross-talk between acetylation and ubiquitination. Our findings establish a critical role of AhR in regulating PPARγ stability and suggest that the AhR-PPARγ interaction may represent a potential therapeutic target for managing metabolic diseases arising from PPARγ dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuyao Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qian Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qian Di
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yu Song
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Peishan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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25
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Abstract
The organs require oxygen and other types of nutrients (amino acids, sugars, and lipids) to function, the heart consuming large amounts of fatty acids for oxidation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation.
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26
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Cheng J, Guo J, North BJ, Tao K, Zhou P, Wei W. The emerging role for Cullin 4 family of E3 ligases in tumorigenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:138-159. [PMID: 30602127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the Cullin-RING ligase family, Cullin-RING ligase 4 (CRL4) has drawn much attention due to its broad regulatory roles under physiological and pathological conditions, especially in neoplastic events. Based on evidence from knockout and transgenic mouse models, human clinical data, and biochemical interactions, we summarize the distinct roles of the CRL4 E3 ligase complexes in tumorigenesis, which appears to be tissue- and context-dependent. Notably, targeting CRL4 has recently emerged as a noval anti-cancer strategy, including thalidomide and its derivatives that bind to the substrate recognition receptor cereblon (CRBN), and anticancer sulfonamides that target DCAF15 to suppress the neoplastic proliferation of multiple myeloma and colorectal cancers, respectively. To this end, PROTACs have been developed as a group of engineered bi-functional chemical glues that induce the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of substrates via recruiting E3 ligases, such as CRL4 (CRBN) and CRL2 (pVHL). We summarize the recent major advances in the CRL4 research field towards understanding its involvement in tumorigenesis and further discuss its clinical implications. The anti-tumor effects using the PROTAC approach to target the degradation of undruggable targets are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brian J North
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pengbo Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave., New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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27
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Liu P, Hsieh P, Lin H, Liu T, Wu H, Chen C, Chen Y. Grail is involved in adipocyte differentiation and diet-induced obesity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:525. [PMID: 29743578 PMCID: PMC5943410 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Grail is a crucial regulator of various biological processes, including the development of T-cell anergy, antiviral innate immune response, and cancer. However, the role of Grail in adipogenesis and obesity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that Grail knockdown in vitro leads to a decrease in PPARγ expression, resulting in adipogenesis inhibition. However, Grail overexpression induced the same effects. Grail was shown to interact with PPARγ, targeting it for degradation and modulating its adipogenic activity. PPARγ expression was shown to be considerably reduced in Grail knockout (KO) mice fed normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD). The administration of both normal diet or HFD to Grail KO mice led to lower adipose mass and body weight than those in the wild-type mice. HFD-fed Grail KO mice had improved glucose and insulin tolerance. Taken together, our results indicate that Grail plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity by regulating PPARγ activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Liu
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Poshiuan Hsieh
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.,Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Huitsu Lin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Tejung Liu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taoyuan Armed Force General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Hsuehling Wu
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Chengcheung Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Yingchuan Chen
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.
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28
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Abstract
Excess adipose fat accumulation, or obesity, is a growing problem worldwide in terms of both the rate of incidence and the severity of obesity-associated metabolic disease. Adipose tissue evolved in animals as a specialized dynamic lipid storage depot: adipose cells synthesize fat (a process called lipogenesis) when energy is plentiful and mobilize stored fat (a process called lipolysis) when energy is needed. When a disruption of lipid homeostasis favors increased fat synthesis and storage with little turnover owing to genetic predisposition, overnutrition or sedentary living, complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are more likely to arise. The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is used as a model to better understand the mechanisms governing fat metabolism and distribution. Flies offer a wealth of paradigms with which to study the regulation and physiological effects of fat accumulation. Obese flies accumulate triacylglycerols in the fat body, an organ similar to mammalian adipose tissue, which specializes in lipid storage and catabolism. Discoveries in Drosophila have ranged from endocrine hormones that control obesity to subcellular mechanisms that regulate lipogenesis and lipolysis, many of which are evolutionarily conserved. Furthermore, obese flies exhibit pathophysiological complications, including hyperglycemia, reduced longevity and cardiovascular function - similar to those observed in obese humans. Here, we review some of the salient features of the fly that enable researchers to study the contributions of feeding, absorption, distribution and the metabolism of lipids to systemic physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palanker Musselman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Department of Biochemistry 1, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraβe 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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29
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Abstract
Human development requires intricate cell specification and communication pathways that allow an embryo to generate and appropriately connect more than 200 different cell types. Key to the successful completion of this differentiation programme is the quantitative and reversible regulation of core signalling networks, and post-translational modification with ubiquitin provides embryos with an essential tool to accomplish this task. Instigated by E3 ligases and reversed by deubiquitylases, ubiquitylation controls many processes that are fundamental for development, such as cell division, fate specification and migration. As aberrant function or regulation of ubiquitylation enzymes is at the roots of developmental disorders, cancer, and neurodegeneration, modulating the activity of ubiquitylation enzymes is likely to provide strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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30
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Remarkable Evolutionary Conservation of Antiobesity ADIPOSE/WDTC1 Homologs in Animals and Plants. Genetics 2017; 207:153-162. [PMID: 28663238 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.198382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ASG2 (Altered Seed Germination 2) is a prenylated protein in Arabidopsis thaliana that participates to abscisic acid signaling and is proposed to act as a substrate adaptor for the DDB1 (DNA damage-binding protein 1)-CUL4 (Cullin 4) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. ASG2 harbors WD40 and TetratricoPeptide Repeat (TPR) domains, and resembles the well-conserved animal gene called ADP (antiobesity factor ADIPOSE) in fly and WDTC1 (WD40 and TPR 1) in humans. Loss of function of WDTC1 results in an increase in adipocytes, fat accumulation, and obesity. Antiadipogenic functions of WDTC1 involve regulation of fat-related gene transcription, notably through its binding to histone deacetylases (HDACs). Our sequence and phylogenetic analysis reveals that ASG2 belongs to the ADP/WDTC1 cluster. ASG2 and WDTC1 share a highly conserved organization that encompasses structural and functional motifs: seven WD40 domains and WD40 hotspot-related residues, three TPR protein-protein interaction domains, DDB1-binding elements [H-box and DWD (DDB1-binding WD40 protein)-box], and a prenylatable C-terminus. Furthermore, ASG2 involvement in fat metabolism was confirmed by reverse genetic approaches using asg2 knockout Arabidopsis plants. Under limited irradiance, asg2 mutants produce "obese" seeds characterized by increased weight, oil body density, and higher fatty acid contents. In addition, considering some ASG2- and WDTC1-peculiar properties, we show that the WDTC1 C-terminus is prenylated in vitro and HDAC-binding capability is conserved in ASG2, suggesting that the regulation mechanism and targets of ADP/WDTC1-like proteins may be conserved features. Our findings reveal the remarkable evolutionary conservation of the structure and the physiological role of ADIPOSE homologs in animals and plants.
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31
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Li Q, Cui M, Yang F, Li N, Jiang B, Yu Z, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhu X, Hu H, Li PS, Ning SL, Wang S, Qi H, Song H, He D, Lin A, Zhang J, Liu F, Zhao J, Gao L, Yi F, Xue T, Sun JP, Gong Y, Yu X. A cullin 4B-RING E3 ligase complex fine-tunes pancreatic δ cell paracrine interactions. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2631-2646. [PMID: 28604389 DOI: 10.1172/jci91348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin secreted by pancreatic δ cells mediates important paracrine interactions in Langerhans islets, including maintenance of glucose metabolism through the control of reciprocal insulin and glucagon secretion. Disruption of this circuit contributes to the development of diabetes. However, the precise mechanisms that control somatostatin secretion from islets remain elusive. Here, we found that a super-complex comprising the cullin 4B-RING E3 ligase (CRL4B) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) epigenetically regulates somatostatin secretion in islets. Constitutive ablation of CUL4B, the core component of the CRL4B-PRC2 complex, in δ cells impaired glucose tolerance and decreased insulin secretion through enhanced somatostatin release. Moreover, mechanistic studies showed that the CRL4B-PRC2 complex, under the control of the δ cell-specific transcription factor hematopoietically expressed homeobox (HHEX), determines the levels of intracellular calcium and cAMP through histone posttranslational modifications, thereby altering expression of the Cav1.2 calcium channel and adenylyl cyclase 6 (AC6) and modulating somatostatin secretion. In response to high glucose levels or urocortin 3 (UCN3) stimulation, increased expression of cullin 4B (CUL4B) and the PRC2 subunit histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 and reciprocal decreases in Cav1.2 and AC6 expression were found to regulate somatostatin secretion. Our results reveal an epigenetic regulatory mechanism of δ cell paracrine interactions in which CRL4B-PRC2 complexes, Cav1.2, and AC6 expression fine-tune somatostatin secretion and facilitate glucose homeostasis in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Min Cui
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Baichun Jiang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, and
| | - Zhen Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Daolai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xibin Zhu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Huili Hu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, and
| | - Pei-Shan Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, and
| | - Shang-Lei Ning
- Department of Biochemistry, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Si Wang
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Haibo Qi
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Hechen Song
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
| | - Dongfang He
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology.,Department of Biochemistry, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Amy Lin
- Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Xue
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jin-Peng Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, and
| | - Xiao Yu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Physiology
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32
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Lampert F, Brodersen MML, Peter M. Guard the guardian: A CRL4 ligase stands watch over histone production. Nucleus 2017; 8:134-143. [PMID: 28072566 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2016.1276143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Histones are evolutionarily conserved proteins that together with DNA constitute eukaryotic chromatin in a defined stoichiometry. Core histones are dynamic scaffolding proteins that undergo a myriad of post-translational modifications, which selectively engage chromosome condensation, replication, transcription and DNA damage repair. Cullin4-RING ubiquitin E3 ligases are known to hold pivotal roles in a wide spectrum of chromatin biology ranging from chromatin remodeling and transcriptional repression, to sensing of cytotoxic DNA lesions. Our recent work uncovers an unexpected function of a CRL4 ligase upstream of these processes in promoting histone biogenesis. The CRL4WDR23 ligase directly controls the activity of the stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), which orchestrates elemental steps of canonical histone transcript metabolism. We demonstrate that non-proteolytic ubiquitination of SLBP ensures sufficient histone reservoirs during DNA replication and is vital for genome integrity and cellular fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia M L Brodersen
- a Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland.,b nspm. ltd. , Meggen , Switzerland
| | - Matthias Peter
- a Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland
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Groh BS, Yan F, Smith MD, Yu Y, Chen X, Xiong Y. The antiobesity factor WDTC1 suppresses adipogenesis via the CRL4WDTC1 E3 ligase. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:638-47. [PMID: 27113764 PMCID: PMC5341520 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
WDTC1/Adp encodes an evolutionarily conserved suppressor of lipid accumulation. While reduced WDTC1 expression is associated with obesity in mice and humans, its cellular function is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that WDTC1 is a component of a DDB1-CUL4-ROC1 (CRL4) E3 ligase. Using 3T3-L1 cell culture model of adipogenesis, we show that disrupting the interaction between WDTC1 and DDB1 leads to a loss of adipogenic suppression by WDTC1, increased triglyceride accumulation and adipogenic gene expression. We show that the CRL4(WDTC) (1) complex promotes histone H2AK119 monoubiquitylation, thus suggesting a role for this complex in transcriptional repression during adipogenesis. Our results identify a biochemical role for WDTC1 and extend the functional range of the CRL4 complex to the suppression of fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beezly S Groh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feng Yan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yanbao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yue Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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