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Sato A, Takagi K, Yoshimura A, Tsukamoto W, Yamaguchi-Tanaka M, Miki Y, Ebata A, Miyashita M, Suzuki T. Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 12 (KLK12) in Breast Cancer as a Favorable Prognostic Marker. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098419. [PMID: 37176127 PMCID: PMC10179240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptides (KLKs) form an evolutionally conserved subgroup of secreted serine proteases that consists of 15 members (KLK1-15). Previous studies have shown that KLKs regulate diverse biological processes, but the clinical significance of KLKs remains largely unclear in human breast cancers. We examined the expression profile of 15 KLK genes in breast carcinomas using microarray data. Next, we immunolocalized KLK12 in 140 breast carcinomas and evaluated its clinical significance. Subsequently, we examined the effects of KLK12 on proliferation and migration in breast cancer cell lines. From microarray analyses, it turned out that KLK12 was the most strongly associated with low-grade malignancy in breast carcinomas among the 15 KLK members. Immunohistochemical KLK12 status was positively associated with ER and PR status, while it was inversely associated with stage, pathological T factor, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Prognostic analyses demonstrated that KLK12 was a favorable prognostic factor for both disease-free and breast cancer-specific survival of the patients. Furthermore, the knockdown of KLK12 significantly increased cell proliferation activity and cell migration of breast cancer cells. These results suggest that KLK12 has antitumorigenic effects associated with proliferation and migration and immunohistochemical KLK12 status as a potent favorable prognostic factor in breast carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Sato
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Ayano Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Wakana Tsukamoto
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Mio Yamaguchi-Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8574, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Akiko Ebata
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Osaki Citizen Hospital, Osaki 989-6183, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Minoru Miyashita
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi-ken, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai 980-8574, Miyagi-ken, Japan
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2
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Butcher MR, White MJ, Rooper LM, Argani P, Cimino-Mathews A. MYB RNA In Situ Hybridization Is a Useful Diagnostic Tool to Distinguish Breast Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma From Other Triple-negative Breast Carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:878-888. [PMID: 35522890 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) has overlapping features with basal-like triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC), yet carries a more favorable prognosis, and accurate diagnosis is critical. Like salivary gland AdCC, breast AdCC demonstrates recurrent alterations in the MYB gene. Novel chromogenic RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) for MYB has emerged as sensitive and specific for salivary gland AdCC. Here, we evaluate MYB RNA ISH in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) including basal-like TNBC, and in the histologic mimics ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and collagenous spherulosis. MYB RNA ISH was also performed on previously constructed tissue microarrays containing 78 evaluable IDC, including 30 basal-like TNBC (EGFR+ and/or CK5/6+), 19 luminal A (ER+/HER-2-), 12 HER-2+ (ER-/HER-2+), 11 non-basal-like TNBC, and 6 luminal B (ER+/HER-2+). MYB RNA ISH overexpression was seen in 100% (n=18/18) of primary breast AdCC and 10% (n=8/78) of IDC (P<0.0001). MYB RNA ISH was overexpressed in 37% (n=7/19) of luminal A and 8% (n=1/12) of HER-2+ IDC, and in no cases of TNBC or luminal B IDC. The majority (67%, n=8/12) of DCIS and all (n=7) cases of collagenous spherulosis demonstrated overexpression of MYB RNA. MYB gene rearrangement was detected in 67% (n=4/6) evaluable AdCC. Although MYB RNA ISH overexpression cannot be used to distinguish between cribriform DCIS or collagenous spherulosis and AdCC, MYB RNA ISH is absent in basal-like TNBC and rare in ER+ or HER-2+ IDC. MYB RNA ISH could be a useful, sensitive, and rapid diagnostic adjunct in the workup of a triple-negative carcinoma in the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pedram Argani
- Departments of Pathology
- Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ashley Cimino-Mathews
- Departments of Pathology
- Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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3
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Fang L, Liu Q, Cui H, Zheng Y, Wu C. Bioinformatics Analysis Highlight Differentially Expressed CCNB1 and PLK1 Genes as Potential Anti-Breast Cancer Drug Targets and Prognostic Markers. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:654. [PMID: 35456460 PMCID: PMC9027215 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women worldwide. Early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer are global challenges. Identification of valid predictive diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers and drug targets are crucial for breast cancer prevention. This study characterizes differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the TCGA database by using DESeq2, edgeR, and limma. A total of 2032 DEGs, including 1026 up-regulated genes and 1006 down-regulated genes were screened. Followed with WGCNA, PPI analysis, GEPIA 2, and HPA database verification, thirteen hub genes including CDK1, BUB1, BUB1B, CDC20, CCNB2, CCNB1, KIF2C, NDC80, CDCA8, CENPF, BIRC5, AURKB, PLK1, MAD2L1, and CENPE were obtained, and they may serve as potential therapeutic targets of breast cancer. Especially, overexpression of CCNB1 and PLK1 are strongly associated with the low survival rate of breast cancer patients, demonstrating their potentiality as prognostic markers. Moreover, CCNB1 and PLK1 are highly expressed in all breast cancer stages, suggesting that they could be further studied as potential drug targets. Taken together, our study highlights CCNB1 and PLK1 as potential anti-breast cancer drug targets and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Fang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (L.F.); (Q.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (L.F.); (Q.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Hongtu Cui
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (L.F.); (Q.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Yunji Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Chengjun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; (L.F.); (Q.L.); (H.C.)
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4
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Lv JJ, Ren M, Cai X, Hu J, Kong JC, Kong YY. Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and fluorescence in-situ hybridisation study of 13 cases. Histopathology 2021; 80:407-419. [PMID: 34519081 DOI: 10.1111/his.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and chromosomal features of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC). METHODS AND RESULTS We retrospectively analysed 13 cases identified on their clinicopathological features and performed fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) on six available cases. Head and neck (46.2%) were most commonly involved. The median age was 53 years, with a male predilection. Histologically, tumours were classified as grades 1 (eight), 2 (four) and 3 with high-grade transformation (HGT) (one). The HGT component was demonstrated as poorly differentiated carcinoma with multifocal necrosis and myoepithelial differentiation. Patients with one of the following factors: longest diameter of the lesion (≥ 1 cm), involvement of subcutaneous fat tissue and widely infiltrative border had a relatively higher rate of local recurrence, distant metastasis and death. Five of six cases were confirmed to have MYB translocation, while nuclear staining for MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor (MYB) protein was found in four cases. During the follow-up (median = 64 months), two patients experienced local recurrences. One patient, who was classified as grade III PCACC with HGT, developed multiple metastases and died of disease. Another patient was alive with multiple metastases. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest single-institution study, to our knowledge, of PCACC in an Asian population. We describe the first case of scalp PCACC with HGT, which is the only death case in our series. PCACC tends to recur locally and has metastatic potential. PCACC with HGT has a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jie Lv
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Ren
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cai
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Hu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Kong
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Yi Kong
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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5
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MYB Labeling by Immunohistochemistry Is More Sensitive and Specific for Breast Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma than MYB Labeling by FISH. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:973-979. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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6
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Chishiki M, Takagi K, Sato A, Miki Y, Yamamoto Y, Ebata A, Shibahara Y, Watanabe M, Ishida T, Sasano H, Suzuki T. Cytochrome c1 in ductal carcinoma in situ of breast associated with proliferation and comedo necrosis. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1510-1519. [PMID: 28394473 PMCID: PMC5497933 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that comedo necrosis is closely associated with an aggressive phenotype of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of human breast, but its molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Therefore, in this study, we first examined the gene expression profile of comedo DCIS based on microarray data and identified CYC1 as a gene associated with comedo necrosis. Cytochrome c1 (CYC1) is a subunit of complex III in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation that is involved in energy production. However, the significance of CYC1 has not yet been examined in DCIS. We therefore immunolocalized CYC1 in 47 DCIS cases. CYC1 immunoreactivity was detected in 40% of DCIS cases, and the immunohistochemical CYC1 status was significantly associated with tumor size, nuclear grade, comedo necrosis, van Nuys classification, and Ki‐67 labeling index. Subsequent in vitro studies indicated that CYC1 was significantly associated with mitochondrial membrane potential in MCF10DCIS.com DCIS cells. Moreover, CYC1 significantly promoted proliferation activity of MCF10DCIS.com cells and the cells transfected with CYC1 siRNA decreased pro‐apoptotic caspase 3 activity under hypoxic or anoxic conditions. Considering that the center of DCIS is poorly oxygenated, these results indicate that CYC1 plays important roles in cell proliferation and comedo necrosis through the elevated oxidative phosphorylation activity in human DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Chishiki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ai Sato
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Ebata
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Osaki Citizen Hospital, Osaki, Japan
| | - Yukiko Shibahara
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takanori Ishida
- Department of Disaster Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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He H, Kong S, Liu F, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Liao Y, Jiang Y, Li Q, Wang B, Zhou Z, Wang H, Huo R. Rbbp7 Is Required for Uterine Stromal Decidualization in Mice1. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:13. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.129015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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8
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Abstract
Endometriosis has been associated with aberrant methylation in the eutopic endometrium. Using a genome-wide methylation array, we identified differentially methylated genes in the endometrium from women with or without endometriosis. One hundred and twenty genes were significantly altered by >1.5-fold. In all, 59 genes were significantly hypermethylated and 61 genes were significantly hypomethylated. Changes in gene expression associated with the altered methylation status were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A limited number of candidate genes are selectively methylated in the endometrium of women with endometriosis. Several genes not previously associated with endometriosis are aberrantly methylated and expressed. These include O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, dual specificity phosphatase 22, cell division cycle associated 2, inhibitor of DNA binding 2, retinoblastoma binding protein 7, bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type 1B, tumor necrosis factor receptor 1B, zinc finger protein receptor 681, immunoglobulin superfamily, member 21, and tumor protein 73. Aberrant DNA methylation and gene expression of these genes may contribute to abnormal regulation of endometrial cell proliferation and function in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyia Naqvi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ysabel Ilagan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Graciela Krikun
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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9
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Takagi K, Ishida T, Miki Y, Hirakawa H, Kakugawa Y, Amano G, Ebata A, Mori N, Nakamura Y, Watanabe M, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Sasano H, Suzuki T. Intratumoral concentration of estrogens and clinicopathological changes in ductal carcinoma in situ following aromatase inhibitor letrozole treatment. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:100-8. [PMID: 23756858 PMCID: PMC3708565 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Estrogens have important roles in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. However, the significance of presurgical aromatase inhibitor treatment remains unclear. Therefore, we examined intratumoral concentration of estrogens and changes of clinicopathological factors in DCIS after letrozole treatment. Methods: Ten cases of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive DCIS were examined. They received oral letrozole before the surgery, and the tumour size was evaluated by ultrasonography. Surgical specimens and corresponding biopsy samples were used for immunohistochemistry. Snap-frozen specimens were also available in a subset of cases, and used for hormone assays and microarray analysis. Results: Intratumoral oestrogen levels were significantly lower in DCIS treated with letrozole compared with that in those without the therapy. A great majority of oestrogen-induced genes showed low expression levels in DCIS treated with letrozole by microarray analysis. Moreover, letrozole treatment reduced the greatest dimension of DCIS, and significantly decreased Ki-67 and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in DCIS tissues. Conclusion: These results suggest that estrogens are mainly produced by aromatase in DCIS tissues, and aromatase inhibitors potently inhibit oestrogen actions in postmenopausal ER-positive DCIS through rapid deprivation of intratumoral estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8575 Sendai, Japan
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BUB1 Immunolocalization in Breast Carcinoma: Its Nuclear Localization as a Potent Prognostic Factor of the Patients. Discov Oncol 2013; 4:92-102. [DOI: 10.1007/s12672-012-0130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Intratumoral estrogen concentration and expression of estrogen-induced genes in male breast carcinoma: comparison with female breast carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2012; 4:1-11. [PMID: 23096432 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-012-0126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It is speculated that estrogens play important roles in the male breast carcinoma (MBC) as well as the female breast carcinoma (FBC). However, estrogen concentrations or molecular features of estrogen actions have not been reported in MBC, and biological significance of estrogens remains largely unclear in MBC. Therefore, we examined intratumoral estrogen concentrations, estrogen receptor (ER) α/ERβ status, and expression profiles of estrogen-induced genes in MBC tissues, and compared these with FBC. 17β-Estradiol concentration in MBC (n = 4) was significantly (14-fold) higher than that in non-neoplastic male breast (n = 3) and tended to be higher than that in FBC (n = 7). Results of microarray analysis clearly demonstrated that expression profiles of the two gene lists, which were previously reported as estrogen-induced genes in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line, were markedly different between MBC and FBC. In the immunohistochemistry, MBC tissues were frequently positive for aromatase (63 %) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (67 %), but not for steroid sulfatase (6.7 %). A great majority (77 %) of MBC showed positive for both ERα and ERβ, and its frequency was significantly higher than FBC cases. These results suggest that estradiol is locally produced in MBC tissue by aromatase. Different expression profiles of the estrogen-induced genes may associate with different estrogen functions in MBC from FBC, which may be partly due to their ERα/ERβ status.
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