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Pereira AD, Ribeiro DC, Cardoso LMDF, Ribeiro GG, Quintes BDCR, Boueri BFDC, Costa NDS, Chagas M, Silva EMD, da Costa CAS, Velarde LGC, Boaventura GT. Dietary Intake of Flaxseed Oil since Early Stages of Life Promotes Femur Quality in Male Rats. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:462-467. [PMID: 34370629 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1912673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flaxseed oil (FO) is an alpha linolenic acid source important for growth and body development. However, there is little literature on the role of FO in critical stages of bone development and formation. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the influence of a diet containing FO on rat femurs. METHODS After birth, mothers and pups were divided into control and flaxseed groups (n = 6 pups each) fed diets containing 7% soybean oil (C) or 7% FO. At 21 days, pups were weaned and separated from the mothers, and control or experimental diets were continued. At 67 days, the following were analyzed: osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, bone mineral density (BMD) and content, and bone area; the dimension, BMD, head radiodensity, and biomechanical proprieties of the right femur; and histomorphometric parameters of the left femur. RESULTS Compared to the C group, the FO group presented (p < 0.05) a lower body mass (-3.7%) and medullary area (-10.1%) and higher osteocalcin (+36.7%), OPG (+52.5%), femur width (+3.8%), absolute mass (+2.3%), femur BMD (+3.6%), head radiodensity (+6.1%), maximum force (+7.4%), breaking strength (+17.3), and cortical thickness (+7.0). CONCLUSION The FO diet contributed to femur quality in healthy male Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline D'Avila Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cavalcante Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gabrielle Gracio Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna da Costa Rodrigues Quintes
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Ferolla da Camara Boueri
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nathália da Silva Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maurício Chagas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Extracellular Biomorphology, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Moreira da Silva
- Analytical Laboratory of Restorative Biomaterials, Dental School, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Soares da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Health and Science Center, Federal University Reconcavo of Bahia, Santo Antonio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Gilson Teles Boaventura
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Houston DA, Staines KA, MacRae VE, Farquharson C. Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 28060328 PMCID: PMC5226350 DOI: 10.3791/54978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental process of endochondral ossification is under tight regulation in the healthy individual so as to prevent disturbed development and/or longitudinal bone growth. As such, it is imperative that we further our understanding of the underpinning molecular mechanisms involved in such disorders so as to provide advances towards human and animal patient benefit. The mouse metatarsal organ explant culture is a highly physiological ex vivo model for studying endochondral ossification and bone growth as the growth rate of the bones in culture mimic that observed in vivo. Uniquely, the metatarsal organ culture allows the examination of chondrocytes in different phases of chondrogenesis and maintains cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, therefore providing conditions closer to the in vivo situation than cells in monolayer or 3D culture. This protocol describes in detail the intricate dissection of embryonic metatarsals from the hind limb of E15 murine embryos and the subsequent analyses that can be performed in order to examine endochondral ossification and longitudinal bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean A Houston
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh;
| | - Katherine A Staines
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
| | - Vicky E MacRae
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
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Cui L, Houston DA, Farquharson C, MacRae VE. Characterisation of matrix vesicles in skeletal and soft tissue mineralisation. Bone 2016; 87:147-58. [PMID: 27072517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The importance of matrix vesicles (MVs) has been repeatedly highlighted in the formation of cartilage, bone, and dentin since their discovery in 1967. These nano-vesicular structures, which are found in the extracellular matrix, are believed to be one of the sites of mineral nucleation that occurs in the organic matrix of the skeletal tissues. In the more recent years, there have been numerous reports on the observation of MV-like particles in calcified vascular tissues that could be playing a similar role. Therefore, here, we review the characteristics MVs possess that enable them to participate in mineral deposition. Additionally, we outline the content of skeletal tissue- and soft tissue-derived MVs, and discuss their key mineralisation mediators that could be targeted for future therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cui
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - D A Houston
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - C Farquharson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - V E MacRae
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh Easter Bush Campus, Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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