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Grootswagers P, Bach D, Biemans Y, Behrouzi P, Horvath S, Kramer CS, Liu S, Manson JE, Shadyab AH, Stewart JD, Whitsel E, Yang B, de Groot L. Discovering the direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100324. [PMID: 39067141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Along with the ageing of society, the absolute prevalence of age-related diseases is expected to rise, leading to a substantial burden on healthcare systems and society. Thus, there is an urgent need to promote healthy ageing. As opposed to chronological age, biological age was introduced to accurately represent the ageing process, as it considers physiological deterioration that is linked to morbidity and mortality risk. Furthermore, biological age responds to various factors, including nutritional factors, which have the potential to mitigate the risk of age-related diseases. As a result, a promising biomarker of biological age known as the epigenetic clock has emerged as a suitable measure to investigate the direct relations between nutritional factors and ageing, thereby identifying potential intervention targets to improve healthy ageing. METHODS In this study, we analysed data from 3,969 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative to identify nutrients that are associated with the rate of ageing by using an accurate measure of biological age called the PhenoAge epigenetic clock. We used Copula Graphical Models, a data-driven exploratory analysis tool, to identify direct relationships between nutrient intake and age-acceleration, while correcting for every variable in the dataset. RESULTS We revealed that increased dietary intakes of coumestrol, beta-carotene and arachidic acid were associated with decelerated epigenetic ageing. In contrast, increased intakes of added sugar, gondoic acid, behenic acid, arachidonic acid, vitamin A and ash were associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION Our study discovered direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing, revealing promising areas for follow-up studies to determine the magnitude and causality of our estimated diet-epigenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Grootswagers
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Daimy Bach
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ynte Biemans
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Pariya Behrouzi
- Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Charlotte S Kramer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James D Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisette de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Khan H, Rais J, Afzal M, Arshad M. Elucidating molecular and cellular targets and the antiprostate cancer potentials of promising phytochemicals: a review. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:910-915. [PMID: 36995078 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has become the major health problem and the leading causes of cancer mortality among men. PCa often progresses from an early androgen-dependent form of cancer to a late (metastatic) androgen-independent cancer, for which no effective treatment options are available. Current therapies target testosterone depletion, androgen axis inhibition, androgen receptor (AR) downregulation and regulation PSA expression. These conventional treatment options, however, are intense and pose severe side effects. From the past few years, plant-derived compounds or phytochemicals have attracted much attention by the researchers worldwide for their promising approach in inhibiting the development and growth of cancer. This review emphasizes mechanistic role of promising phytochemicals on PCa. This review imparts to score anticancer efficacy of promising phyto-agents luteolin, fisetin, coumestrol and hesperidin with focus on the mechanistic action in management and treatment of PCa. These phytocompounds were also selected for their best binding affinity with the ARs on the basis of molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow
| | - Juhi Rais
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Md Arshad
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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3
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Shan Q, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang W, Liang Z. The Effect of Coumestrol on Hub Genes in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatic Strategy. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221127960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There is limited treatment for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), so there is an urgent need to find new antitumor drugs. Materials and Methods We downloaded datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas databases. We used GEO2R and the “limma” package to screen differentially expressed genes. We used the Cytoscape software to screen out hub genes. We screened herbs that act on hub genes on the Chinese medicine website. We then studied the effect of coumestrol (CM) on the hub genes in the H226 cell line. Results Seven hub genes were screened, namely CCNB2, CENPF, KIF11, MELK, nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1), PBK, and RRM2. We observed that CM had a tumor-inhibiting effect on H226 cells by inhibiting the expression of CCNB2, KIF11, and NUSAP1. Conclusion CM, screened by bioinformatics and network pharmacology, can inhibit H226 cells by downregulating CCNB2, KIF11, and NUSAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Shan
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongan Liang
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Dietary Phytoestrogens and Their Metabolites as Epigenetic Modulators with Impact on Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121893. [PMID: 34942997 PMCID: PMC8750933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of dietary phytoestrogens on human health has been a topic of continuous debate since their discovery. Nowadays, based on their presumptive beneficial effects, the amount of phytoestrogens consumed in the daily diet has increased considerably worldwide. Thus, there is a growing need for scientific data regarding their mode of action in the human body. Recently, new insights of phytoestrogens’ bioavailability and metabolism have demonstrated an inter-and intra-population heterogeneity of final metabolites’ production. In addition, the phytoestrogens may have the ability to modulate epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression. This review highlights the complexity and particularity of the metabolism of each class of phytoestrogens, pointing out the diversity of their bioactive gut metabolites. Futhermore, it presents emerging scientific data which suggest that, among well-known genistein and resveratrol, other phytoestrogens and their gut metabolites can act as epigenetic modulators with a possible impact on human health. The interconnection of dietary phytoestrogens’ consumption with gut microbiota composition, epigenome and related preventive mechanisms is discussed. The current challenges and future perspectives in designing relevant research directions to explore the potential health benefits of dietary phytoestrogens are also explored.
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5
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Tu Y, Yang Y, Li Y, He C. Naturally occurring coumestans from plants, their biological activities and therapeutic effects on human diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105615. [PMID: 33872808 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring coumestans are known as a collection of plant-derived polycyclic aromatic secondary metabolites which are characterized by the presence of an oxygen heterocyclic four-ring system comprising a coumarin moiety and a benzofuran moiety sharing a C˭C bond. Recently, there is an increasing attention in excavating the medicinal potential of coumestans, particularly coumestrol, wedelolactone, psoralidin and glycyrol, in a variety of diseases. This review is a comprehensive inventory of the chemical structures of coumestans isolated from various plant sources during the period of 1956-2020, together with their reported biological activities. 120 molecules were collected and further classified as coumestans containing core skeleton, dimethylpyranocoumestans, furanocoumestans, O-glycosylated coumestans and others, which showed a wide range of pharmacological activities including estrogenic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporotic, organ protective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity, antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, antioxidant and skin-protective activities. Furthermore, this review focuses on the counteraction of coumestans against bone diseases and organ damages, and the involved molecular mechanisms, which could provide important information to better understand the medicinal values of these compounds. This review is intended to be instructive for the rational design and development of less toxic and more effective drugs with a coumestan scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
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6
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Frankowski S, Skrzyńska A, Sieroń L, Albrecht Ł. Deconjugated‐Ketone‐Derived Dienolates in Remote, Stereocontrolled, Aromative
aza
‐Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Frankowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Anna Skrzyńska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Lesław Sieroń
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
| | - Łukasz Albrecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryLodz University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90-924 Łódź Poland
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7
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Zhang L, Cao T, Jiang H, Zhu S. Deconstructive Reorganization: De Novo Synthesis of Hydroxylated Benzofuran. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Tongxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong ProvinceSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryNankai University 300071 Tianjing China
- Singfar Laboratories 510670 Guangzhou China
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8
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Cady N, Peterson SR, Freedman SN, Mangalam AK. Beyond Metabolism: The Complex Interplay Between Dietary Phytoestrogens, Gut Bacteria, and Cells of Nervous and Immune Systems. Front Neurol 2020; 11:150. [PMID: 32231636 PMCID: PMC7083015 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body has a large, diverse community of microorganisms which not only coexist with us, but also perform many important physiological functions, including metabolism of dietary compounds that we are unable to process ourselves. Furthermore, these bacterial derived/induced metabolites have the potential to interact and influence not only the local gut environment, but the periphery via interaction with and modulation of cells of the immune and nervous system. This relationship is being further appreciated every day as the gut microbiome is researched as a potential target for immunomodulation. A common feature among inflammatory diseases including relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is the presence of gut microbiota dysbiosis when compared to healthy controls. However, the specifics of these microbiota-neuro-immune system interactions remain unclear. Among all factors, diet has emerged as a strongest factor regulating structure and function of gut microbial community. Phytoestrogens are one class of dietary compounds emerging as potentially being of interest in this interaction as numerous studies have identified depletion of phytoestrogen-metabolizing bacteria such as Adlercreutzia, Parabacteroides and Prevotella in RRMS patients. Additionally, phytoestrogens or their metabolites have been reported to show protective effects when compounds are administered in the animal model of MS, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this review, we will illustrate the link between MS and phytoestrogen metabolizing bacteria, characterize the importance of gut bacteria and their mechanisms of action in the production of phytoestrogen metabolites, and discuss what is known about the interactions of specific compounds with cells immune and nervous system. A better understanding of gut bacteria-mediated phytoestrogen metabolism and mechanisms through which these metabolites facilitate their biological actions will help in development of novel therapeutic options for MS as well as other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cady
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | | | | | - Ashutosh K. Mangalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Molecular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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9
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Zhang L, Cao T, Jiang H, Zhu S. Deconstructive Reorganization: De Novo Synthesis of Hydroxylated Benzofuran. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4670-4677. [PMID: 31961991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented deconstructive reorganization strategy for the de novo synthesis of hydroxylated benzofurans from kojic acid- or maltol-derived alkynes is reported. In this reaction, both the benzene and furan rings were simultaneously constructed, whereas the pyrone moiety of the kojic acid or maltol was deconstructed and then reorganized into the benzene ring as a six-carbon component. Through this strategy, at least one free hydroxyl group was introduced into the benzene ring in a substitution-pattern tunable fashion without protection-deprotection and redox adjustment. With this method, a large number of hydroxylated benzofuran derivatives with different substitution-patterns have been prepared efficiently. This methodology has also been shown as the key step in a collective total synthesis of hydroxylated benzofuran-containing natural products (11 examples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongxiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjing, China.,Singfar Laboratories, 510670, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Battistutta R, Lolli G. Inhibitory Properties of ATP-Competitive Coumestrol and Boldine Are Correlated to Different Modulations of CK2 Flexibility. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1014-1018. [PMID: 30840451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is an anti-apoptotic cancer-sustaining protein kinase. Its crystallographic structures with the natural compounds coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, and boldine, an alkaloid, are reported. Coumestrol shows different inhibitory activity against the isolated catalytic α-subunit and the α2β2 holoenzyme and is able to discriminate between two conformations of the hinge/αD region, whose intrinsic flexibility is a relevant selectivity determinant among kinases. Boldine explores a small cavity at the bottom of the ATP-binding pocket through a local deviation from planarity, a unique case among CK2 inhibitors. The two compounds have different impacts on protein flexibility, which correlate with their different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Battistutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Padua and Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR) , 35131 Padua , Italy
| | - Graziano Lolli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO , University of Trento , Via Sommarive 9 , 38123 Povo (TN) , Italy
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11
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Meng Y, Zhang Z, Liu K, Ye L, Liang Y, Gu W. Aminopeptidase N (CD13) targeted MR and NIRF dual-modal imaging of ovarian tumor xenograft. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:968-974. [PMID: 30274135 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of tumor-specific imaging nanoprobes with the potential to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis has become an area of intense research. Aminopeptidase N (CD13) predominantly expresses on the surface of ovarian tumor cells and can be specifically recognized by Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) peptide. The applicability of CD13 as a target for specific ovarian tumor imaging, however, remains unexploited so far. In this study, Cy5.5-labeled, NGR-conjugated iron oxide nanoparticles (Cy5.5-NGR-Fe3O4 NPs) were prepared as an ovarian tumor specific bimodal imaging nanoprobe. It is demonstrated that the conjugation of NGR targeting moiety leads to a higher cellular uptake toward ES-2 cells, the human ovarian carcinoma cells that highly express CD13. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging of ovarian tumor xenograft reveals that the Fe3O4-Cy5.5-NGR NPs results in a significant T2* signal reduction in the tumor. Meanwhile, near infrared fluorescence imaging indicates a higher accumulation of Fe3O4-Cy5.5-NGR NPs in the tumor xenograft. Therefore, CD13 could be applied as a novel and efficient target for constructing ovarian tumor specific nanoprobes with improved accuracy for ovarian tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, PR China
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, PR China
| | - Kang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Ling Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yuting Liang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, PR China.
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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12
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Park S, Lim W, Jeong W, Bazer FW, Lee D, Song G. Sideroxylin (Callistemon lanceolatus) suppressed cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and an increase of lipid peroxidation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8597-8604. [PMID: 29904922 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sideroxylin is a C-methylated flavone isolated from Callistemon lanceolatus and exerts antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. However, the anticancer effects of sideroxylin and its intracellular signaling mechanisms have not yet been identified. Results of our study showed that sideroxylin decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, causing DNA fragmentation, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and an increase of lipid peroxidation in ovarian cancer cells (ES2 and OV90 cells). Additionally, sideroxylin activated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, P38, and MAPK proteins and the use of LY294002, U0126, SB203580, and SP600125 to block their phosphorylation, respectively, in ES2 and OV90 cells. Collectively, the results of present study indicated that sideroxylin was a novel therapeutic agent to combat the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells through the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and the activation of PI3 K and MAPK signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunwoo Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jeong
- Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics and Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Dongho Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Jang YJ, Son HJ, Ahn J, Jung CH, Ha T. Coumestrol modulates Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling during the attenuation of adipogenesis. Food Funct 2018; 7:4984-4991. [PMID: 27868125 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01127f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coumestrol is a natural phytochemical present in plants such as red clover and soy, and has been reported to stimulate the estrogen receptor as a major phytoestrogen. While the molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-adipogenic effects of phytoestrogens such as genistein and daidzein have been previously investigated, the effects of coumestrol on adipogenesis remain to be elucidated. We observed that coumestrol dose-dependently attenuates MDI (mixture of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin)-induced lipid accumulation, consistent with an earlier study, while significantly inhibiting MDI-induced adipogenesis in the first 48 hours of differentiation, a critical time window for anti-adipogenic effects. Coumestrol treatment suppressed MDI-induced protein expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in adipocytes, leading to the subsequent downregulation of FAS and aP2 expression. Akt and GSK3β were phosphorylated shortly after MDI stimulation, and these responses were inhibited by coumestrol treatment. Coumestrol also increased LRP6 protein expression, resulting in the recovery of β-catenin downregulation by MDI, while attenuating MDI-induced downregulation of Wnt10b. In addition, mRNA and protein expression of c-Myc and cyclin D1, target genes of β-catenin, were both recovered by coumestrol treatment. These results suggest that coumestrol inhibits adipocyte differentiation via regulation of Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may have potential for development as an agent to prevent adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Jang
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. and Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. and Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoul Ha
- Metabolic Mechanism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. and Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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14
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Lim W, Yang C, Jeong M, Bazer FW, Song G. Coumestrol induces mitochondrial dysfunction by stimulating ROS production and calcium ion influx into mitochondria in human placental choriocarcinoma cells. Mol Hum Reprod 2017; 23:786-802. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Whasun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Changwon Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhah Jeong
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843–2471, TX, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zafar A, Singh S, Satija YK, Saluja D, Naseem I. Deciphering the molecular mechanism underlying anticancer activity of coumestrol in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 46:19-28. [PMID: 28986287 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the highly aggressive subgroup of breast cancers with poor prognosis due to absence of estrogen receptor (ER). Therefore, alternative targeted therapies are required against ER-negative breast cancers. Coumestrol, a phytoestrogen inhibits cell growth of ER-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells; the exact mechanism has not yet been reported. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells contain elevated copper which play an integral role in angiogenesis. The current focus of the work was to identify any possible role of copper in coumestrol cytotoxic action against breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Results demonstrated that coumestrol inhibited cell viability, induced ROS generation, DNA damage, G1/S cell cycle arrest, up-regulation of Bax and apoptosis induction via caspase-dependent mitochondrial mediated pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, addition of copper chelator, neocuproine and ROS scavenger, N-acetyl cysteine were ineffective in abrogating coumestrol-mediated apoptosis. This suggests non-involvement of copper and ROS in coumestrol-induced apoptosis. To account for coumestrol-mediated up-regulation of Bax and apoptosis induction, direct binding potential between coumestrol and Bax/Bcl-2 was studied using in silico molecular docking studies. We propose that coumestrol directly enters cells and combines with Bax/Bcl-2 to alter their structures, thereby causing Bax binding to the outer mitochondrial membrane and Bcl-2 release from the mitochondria to initiate apoptosis. Thus, non-copper targeted ROS independent DNA damage is the central mechanism of coumestrol in ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cells. These findings will be useful in better understanding of anticancer mechanisms of coumestrol and establishing it as a lead molecule for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Zafar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnendra Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - Yatendra Kumar Satija
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Daman Saluja
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Imrana Naseem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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16
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Xu JL, Shin JS, Park SK, Kang S, Jeong SC, Moon JK, Choi Y. Differences in the metabolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wild and cultivated black soybeans evaluated by correlation analysis. Food Res Int 2017; 100:166-174. [PMID: 28888437 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wild soybeans are considered a potential resource for soybean domestication and an important source of genetic diversity for soybean crop improvement. Understanding metabolite-caused bioactivity differences between cultivated and wild soybeans is essential for designing a soybean with enhanced nutritional traits. In this study, the non-targeted metabolic profiling of 26 soybean varieties, 15 wild black soybeans (WBS) and 11 cultivated black soybeans (CBS), using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in combination with multivariate analysis revealed significant differences in 25 differential metabolites. Among these, the soyasaponins Ab and Bb were found to be characteristic metabolites expressed more substantially in CBS than in WBS. Three different antioxidant assays and correlation analysis identified major and minor antioxidants that contributed to WBS having an antioxidant activity 4- to 8-fold stronger than that of CBS. Epicatechin, procyanidin B2, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were identified by both association analysis and the online LC-ABTS radical scavenging assay as being major antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Liang Xu
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Shin
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- National Institute of Crop Science, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungtaeg Kang
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Chun Jeong
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kyung Moon
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeongju-si, JeongBook, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Youseng-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Yuk HJ, Lee JW, Park HA, Kwon OK, Seo KH, Ahn KS, Oh SR, Ryu HW. Protective effects of coumestrol on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via the inhibition of proinflammatory mediators and NF-κB activation. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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18
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Phytochemicals Targeting Estrogen Receptors: Beneficial Rather Than Adverse Effects? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071381. [PMID: 28657580 PMCID: PMC5535874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the effects of estrogen are mainly mediated by two different estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. These proteins are members of the nuclear receptor family, characterized by distinct structural and functional domains, and participate in the regulation of different biological processes, including cell growth, survival and differentiation. The two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes are generated from two distinct genes and have partially distinct expression patterns. Their activities are modulated differently by a range of natural and synthetic ligands. Some of these ligands show agonistic or antagonistic effects depending on ER subtype and are described as selective ER modulators (SERMs). Accordingly, a few phytochemicals, called phytoestrogens, which are synthesized from plants and vegetables, show low estrogenic activity or anti-estrogenic activity with potentially anti-proliferative effects that offer nutraceutical or pharmacological advantages. These compounds may be used as hormonal substitutes or as complements in breast cancer treatments. In this review, we discuss and summarize the in vitro and in vivo effects of certain phytoestrogens and their potential roles in the interaction with estrogen receptors.
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Phytoestrogens and Mycoestrogens Induce Signature Structure Dynamics Changes on Estrogen Receptor α. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13090869. [PMID: 27589781 PMCID: PMC5036702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13090869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupters include a broad spectrum of chemicals such as industrial chemicals, natural estrogens and androgens, synthetic estrogens and androgens. Phytoestrogens are widely present in diet and food supplements; mycoestrogens are frequently found in grains. As human beings and animals are commonly exposed to phytoestrogens and mycoestrogens in diet and environment, it is important to understand the potential beneficial or hazardous effects of estrogenic compounds. Many bioassays have been established to study the binding of estrogenic compounds with estrogen receptor (ER) and provided rich data in the literature. However, limited assays can offer structure information with regard to the ligand/ER complex. Our current study surveys the global structure dynamics changes for ERα ligand binding domain (LBD) when phytoestrogens and mycoestrogens bind. The assay is based on the structure dynamics information probed by hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and offers a unique viewpoint to elucidate the mechanism how phytoestrogens and mycoestrogens interact with estrogen receptor. The cluster analysis based on the hydrogen deuterium exchange (HDX) assay data reveals a unique pattern when phytoestrogens and mycoestrogens bind with ERα LBD compared to that of estradiol and synthetic estrogen modulators. Our study highlights that structure dynamics could play an important role in the structure function relationship when endocrine disrupters interact with estrogen receptors.
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