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Mucksová J, Reinišová M, Kalina J, Lejčková B, Hejnar J, Trefil P. Conservation of chicken male germline by orthotopic transplantation of primordial germ cells from genetically distant donors†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:200-207. [PMID: 30980659 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful derivation and cultivation of primordial germ cells (PGCs) opened the way to efficient transgenesis and genome editing in the chicken. Furthermore, implantation of male PGCs from non-chicken galliform species into the chicken embryos resulted in cross-species germline chimeras and viable offspring. We have recently improved the PGC technology by demonstrating that chicken male PGCs transplanted into the testes of adult cockerel recipients mature into functional sperms. However, the availability of this orthotopic transplantation for cross-species transfer remains to be explored. Here we tested the capacity of genetically distant male PGCs to mature in the microenvironment of adult testes. We derived PGCs from the Chinese black-bone Silkie and transplanted them into infertile White Leghorn cockerels. Within 15-18 weeks after transplantation, we observed restoration of spermatogenesis in recipient cockerels and production of healthy progeny derived from the transplanted PGCs. Our findings also indicate the possibility of cross-species orthotopic transplantation of PGCs. Thus, our results might contribute to the preservation of endangered avian species and maintaining the genetic variability of the domestic chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Mucksová
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Reinišová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kalina
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Lejčková
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hejnar
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Trefil
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic
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Proviruses with Long-Term Stable Expression Accumulate in Transcriptionally Active Chromatin Close to the Gene Regulatory Elements: Comparison of ASLV-, HIV- and MLV-Derived Vectors. Viruses 2018. [PMID: 29517993 PMCID: PMC5869509 DOI: 10.3390/v10030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual groups of retroviruses and retroviral vectors differ in their integration site preference and interaction with the host genome. Hence, immediately after infection genome-wide distribution of integrated proviruses is non-random. During long-term in vitro or persistent in vivo infection, the genomic position and chromatin environment of the provirus affects its transcriptional activity. Thus, a selection of long-term stably expressed proviruses and elimination of proviruses, which have been gradually silenced by epigenetic mechanisms, helps in the identification of genomic compartments permissive for proviral transcription. We compare here the extent and time course of provirus silencing in single cell clones of the K562 human myeloid lymphoblastoma cell line that have been infected with retroviral reporter vectors derived from avian sarcoma/leukosis virus (ASLV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) and murine leukaemia virus (MLV). While MLV proviruses remain transcriptionally active, ASLV proviruses are prone to rapid silencing. The HIV provirus displays gradual silencing only after an extended time period in culture. The analysis of integration sites of long-term stably expressed proviruses shows a strong bias for some genomic features-especially integration close to the transcription start sites of active transcription units. Furthermore, complex analysis of histone modifications enriched at the site of integration points to the accumulation of proviruses of all three groups in gene regulatory segments, particularly close to the enhancer loci. We conclude that the proximity to active regulatory chromatin segments correlates with stable provirus expression in various retroviral species.
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Male fertility restored by transplanting primordial germ cells into testes: a new way towards efficient transgenesis in chicken. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14246. [PMID: 29079843 PMCID: PMC5660165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing progress in primordial germ cell derivation and cultivation is opening new ways in reproductive biotechnology. This study tested whether functional sperm cells can be matured from genetically manipulated primordial germ cells after transplantation in adult testes and used to restore fertility. We show that spermatogenesis can be restored after mCherry-expressing or GFP-expressing primordial germ cells are transplantated into the testes of sterilized G0 roosters and that mCherry-positive or GFP-positive non-chimeric transgenic G1 offspring can be efficiently produced. Compared with the existing approaches to primordial germ cell replacement, this new technique eliminates the germ line chimerism of G0 roosters and is, therefore, faster, more efficient and requires fewer animals. Furthermore, this is the only animal model, where the fate of primordial germ cells in infertile recipients can be studied.
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Benesova B, Mucksova J, Kalina J, Trefil P. Restoration of spermatogenesis in infertile male chickens after transplantation of cryopreserved testicular cells. Br Poult Sci 2014; 55:837-45. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2014.974506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bachelard E, Raucci F, Montillet G, Pain B. Identification of side population cells in chicken embryonic gonads. Theriogenology 2014; 83:377-84. [PMID: 25447150 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The side population (SP) phenotype, defined by the ability of a cell to efflux fluorescent dyes such as Hoechst, is common to several stem/progenitor cell types. In avian species, SP phenotype has been identified in pubertal and adult testes, but nothing is known about its expression during prenatal development of a male gonad. In this study, we characterized the Hoechst SP phenotype via the cytofluorimetric analysis of disaggregated testes on different days of chicken embryonic development. Male prenatal gonads contained a fraction of SP cells at each stage analyzed. At least two main SP fractions, named P3 and P4, were identified. The percentage of P3 fraction decreased as development proceeds, whereas P4 cell number was not affected by gonad growth. Functional inhibition of BCRP1 channel membrane using Verapamil and/or Ko143 showed that P3, but not P4 phenotype, was dependent on BCRP1 activity. Molecular analysis of both P3- and P4-sorted fractions revealed a differential RNA expression pattern, indicating that P3 cells mainly contained germinal stem cell markers, whereas P4 was preferentially composed of both Sertoli and Leydig cell progenitor markers. Finally, these findings provided evidence that the SP phenotype is a common feature of both germ and somatic cells detected in chicken developing testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Bachelard
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Franca Raucci
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Guillaume Montillet
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France
| | - Bertrand Pain
- INSERM, U846, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Bron, France; INRA, USC1361, Bron, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1, UMR S 846, Lyon, France.
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Ramm SA, Schärer L, Ehmcke J, Wistuba J. Sperm competition and the evolution of spermatogenesis. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:1169-79. [PMID: 25323971 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a long and complex process that, despite the shared overall goal of producing the male gamete, displays striking amounts of interspecific diversity. In this review, we argue that sperm competition has been an important selection pressure acting on multiple aspects of spermatogenesis, causing variation in the number and morphology of sperm produced, and in the molecular and cellular processes by which this happens. We begin by reviewing the basic biology of spermatogenesis in some of the main animal model systems to illustrate this diversity, and then ask to what extent this variation arises from the evolutionary forces acting on spermatogenesis, most notably sperm competition. We explore five specific aspects of spermatogenesis from an evolutionary perspective, namely: (i) interspecific diversity in the number and morphology of sperm produced; (ii) the testicular organizations and stem cell systems used to produce them; (iii) the large number and high evolutionary rate of genes underpinning spermatogenesis; (iv) the repression of transcription during spermiogenesis and its link to the potential for haploid selection; and (v) the phenomenon of selection acting at the level of the germline. Overall we conclude that adopting an evolutionary perspective can shed light on many otherwise opaque features of spermatogenesis, and help to explain the diversity of ways in which males of different species perform this fundamentally important process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Ramm
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lukas Schärer
- Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Ehmcke
- Central Animal Facility of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (A8), 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joachim Wistuba
- Institute of Reproductive and Regenerative Biology, Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 (D11), 48149 Münster, Germany
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Mucksová J, Kalina J, Bakst M, Yan H, J.P.Brillard, Benešová B, Fafílek B, Hejnar J, Trefil P. Expression of the chicken GDNF family receptor α-1 as a marker of spermatogonial stem cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 142:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Kim KJ, Cho CM, Kim BG, Lee YA, Kim BJ, Kim YH, Kim CG, Schmidt JA, Ryu BY. Lentiviral modification of enriched populations of bovine male gonocytes. J Anim Sci 2013; 92:106-18. [PMID: 24166994 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated germ cells have the capacity to develop into sperm capable of fertilizing oocytes and contributing genetic material to subsequent generations. The most primitive prepubertal undifferentiated germ cells include gonocytes and undifferentiated spermatogonia, including spermatogonial stem cells (SSC). Gonocytes, present in the testis at birth, differentiate into SSC, which maintain spermatogenesis for the remainder of the male's life. Because of their capacity to contribute to lifelong spermatogenesis, undifferentiated germ cells are attractive targets for genetic modification to produce transgenic animals, including cattle. To maximize the efficiency of genetic modification of bovine gonocytes and SSC, effective enrichment techniques need to be developed. Selection of bovine gonocytes using differential plating was improved 8-fold (P < 0.001) when using a combination of extracellular matrix proteins, including laminin, fibronectin, collagen type IV, and gelatin, compared to using laminin and gelatin alone. Selected cells labeled with PKH26 formed colonies of donor-derived germ cells after transplantation into recipient mouse testes, indicating putative stem cell function. Significantly more colonies (P < 0.001) per 1 × 10(5) viable transplanted cells were formed from isolated nonadherent cells (203 ± 23.2) compared to adherent (20 ± 2.7) or Percoll (45.5 ± 4.5) selected cells. After selection, some gonocytes were transduced using a lentiviral vector containing the transgene for the enhanced green fluorescent protein. Transduction efficiency was 17%. Collectively, these data demonstrate effective methods for the selection and genetic modification of bovine undifferentiated germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-J Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea
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Role of DNA methylation in expression and transmission of porcine endogenous retroviruses. J Virol 2013; 87:12110-20. [PMID: 23986605 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03262-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) represent a major safety concern in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. To date, no PERV infection of a xenograft recipient has been recorded; however, PERVs are transmissible to human cells in vitro. Some recombinants of the A and C PERV subgroups are particularly efficient in infection and replication in human cells. Transcription of PERVs has been described in most pig cells, but their sequence and insertion polymorphism in the pig genome impede identification of transcriptionally active or silenced proviral copies. Furthermore, little is known about the epigenetic regulation of PERV transcription. Here, we report on the transcriptional suppression of PERV by DNA methylation in vitro and describe heavy methylation in the majority of PERV 5' long terminal repeats (LTR) in porcine tissues. In contrast, we have detected sparsely methylated or nonmethylated proviruses in the porcine PK15 cells, which express human cell-tropic PERVs. We also demonstrate the resistance of PERV DNA methylation to inhibitors of methylation and deacetylation. Finally, we show that the high permissiveness of various human cell lines to PERV infection coincides with the inability to efficiently silence the PERV proviruses by 5'LTR methylation. In conclusion, we suggest that DNA methylation is involved in PERV regulation, and that only a minor fraction of proviruses are responsible for the PERV RNA expression and porcine cell infectivity.
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Pereira RJ, Napolitano A, Garcia-Pereira FL, Baldo CF, Suhr ST, King LE, Cibelli JB, Karcher DM, McNiel EA, Perez GI. Conservation of Avian Germplasm by Xenogeneic Transplantation of Spermatogonia from Sexually Mature Donors. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:735-49. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J.G. Pereira
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Angelo Napolitano
- Poultry Research and Teaching Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Fernando L. Garcia-Pereira
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, D208 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Caroline F. Baldo
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, D208 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Steven T. Suhr
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Louis E. King
- Department of Biochemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jose B. Cibelli
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, LARCEL, Seville, Spain
| | - Darrin M. Karcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Elizabeth A. McNiel
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, D208 Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Gloria I. Perez
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, LARCEL, Seville, Spain
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Nishijima KI, Iijima S. Transgenic chickens. Dev Growth Differ 2012; 55:207-16. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Nishijima
- Department of Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya; 464-8603; Japan
| | - Shinji Iijima
- Department of Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku; Nagoya; 464-8603; Japan
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Petrunkina AM, Harrison RAP. Mathematical analysis of mis-estimation of cell subsets in flow cytometry: viability staining revisited. J Immunol Methods 2011; 368:71-9. [PMID: 21362427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many research projects in cell biology now use flow cytometry for analysis or for isolation of specific cell types. In such studies, cell viability is obviously a crucial issue. However, many studies appear to rely upon light-scattering characteristics to identify and gate out non-viable cells, despite the fact that reliable identification of such cells can only be achieved through staining with impermeable fluorescent nuclear dyes such as propidium iodide or 7-amino actinomycin. In this paper we apply mathematical analysis to the theoretical problem of quantifying cell sub-populations labeled with two or more fluorescent markers, comparing situations in which dead cells have been identified with those in which cell viability has not been assessed. We demonstrate that in all cases in which dead cells are present within the population, percentages of live sub-populations in different subsets are mis-estimated. In cases where the pattern of marker expression differs greatly between live and dead cells, or where the proportion of dead cells is high, this mis-estimation will be aggravated; the subsets pattern will therefore be biased in a population selected only on the basis of light-scatter behavior. The importance of accurately detecting and gating out dead cells is illustrated by an experimental example accompanying the mathematical analysis. To conclude, identification of dead cells by means of viability stains should be an absolute routine in practical flow cytometry, so as to avoid mis-estimation in sorting or analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Petrunkina
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine of Clinics, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Germany.
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Liu L, Cao F, Cai K, Zhang Y, Ding Z, Li J. Generation of Sperms Containing EGFP-LacZ Following Transfection of Chicken Testis with a Eukaryotic Dual Reporter Vector. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:e39-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Trefil P, Bakst MR, Yan H, Hejnar J, Kalina J, Mucksová J. Restoration of spermatogenesis after transplantation of c-Kit positive testicular cells in the fowl. Theriogenology 2010; 74:1670-6. [PMID: 20833414 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of male germ line cells into sterilized recipients has been used in mammals for conventional breeding as well as for transgenesis. We have previously adapted this approach for the domestic chicken and we present now an improvement of the germ cell transplantation technique by using an enriched subpopulation of c-Kit-positive spermatogonia as donor cells. Dispersed c-Kit positive testicular cells from 16 to 17 week-old pubertal donors were transplanted by injection directly into the testes of recipient males sterilized by repeated gamma irradiation. We describe the repopulation of the recipient's testes with c-Kit positive donor testicular cells, which resulted in the production of functional heterologous spermatozoa. Using manual semen collection, the first sperm production in the recipient males was observed about nine weeks after the transplantation. The full reproduction cycle was accomplished by artificial insemination of hens and hatching of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Trefil
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, a.s. 254 49 Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic.
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Liu L, He P, Cai K, Zhang Y, Li J, Cao F, Ding Z, Zhang N. Lentivirus-mediated expression of MxA in chicken spermatogonial stem cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:e131-7. [PMID: 20412511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01534.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct a lentivirus vector that carries the human myxovirus-resistant A (MxA) anti-virus gene for efficiently infecting rooster spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). A lentiviral vector carrying the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and MxA fusion gene (EGFP-MxA) was constructed using TOPO technology in this study. Enhanced green fluorescent protein-MxA was inserted in the right orientation as determined by restriction enzyme digest. No gene recombination in the vector occurred. After infecting 293FT cells, EGFP-MxA fusion protein was expressed as granular green fluorescence characteristic of EGFP-MxA expression, suggesting that the TOPO expression vector was properly constructed and the fusion protein expressed correctly. The EGFP-MxA recombinant lentivirus was packaged by cotransfecting 293FT cells with EGFP-MxA and the packaging plasmids. We also purified SSCs from testicle tissues from 25-day-old roosters for infection with the EGFP-MxA recombinant virus. After infecting rooster SSCs with the recombinant virus for 72 h, EGFP-MxA expression was detected by EGFP expression. Enhanced green fluorescent protein-MxA expression in SSCs was further confirmed at the transcription level by RT-PCR and at the protein level by immunocytochemistry. Staining with Hoechst 33342 showed that infected SSCs differed from the sertoli cells. Similar to stem cells, SSCs were positive for alkaline phosphoric acid enzyme and for stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 stem cell factor. The results demonstrated that the recombinant virus made in our study can infect rooster SSCs efficiently to express the anti-virus protein MxA, establishing the basis of transferring MxA into SSCs to obtain virus-resistant, genetically-modified roosters.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou College of Life Sciences, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
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Jung JG, Lee YM, Kim JN, Kim TM, Shin JH, Kim TH, Lim JM, Han JY. The reversible developmental unipotency of germ cells in chicken. Reproduction 2010; 139:113-9. [PMID: 19776100 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed bimodal germline chimera production approaches by transfer of primordial germ cells (PGCs) or embryonic germ cells (EGCs) into embryos and by transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) or germline stem cells (GSCs) into adult testes. This study was undertaken to investigate the reversible developmental unipotency of chicken germ cells using our established germline chimera production systems. First, we transferred freshly isolated SSCs from adult testis or in vitro cultured GSCs into stage X and stage 14-16 embryos, and we found that these transferred SSCs/GSCs could migrate to the recipient embryonic gonads. Of the 527 embryos that received SSCs or GSCs, 135 yielded hatchlings. Of 17 sexually mature males (35.3%), six were confirmed as germline chimeras through testcross analysis resulting in an average germline transmission efficiency of 1.3%. Second, PGCs/EGCs, germ cells isolated from embryonic gonads were transplanted into adult testes. The EGC transplantation induced germline transmission, whereas the PGC transplantation did not. The germline transmission efficiency was 12.5 fold higher (16.3 vs 1.3%) in EGC transplantation into testis (EGCs to adult testis) than that in SSC/GSC transfer into embryos (testicular germ cells to embryo stage). In conclusion, chicken germ cells from different developmental stages can (de)differentiate into gametes even after the germ cell developmental clock is set back or ahead. Use of germ cell reversible unipotency might improve the efficiency of germ cell-mediated germline transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Gyoung Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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Modric T, Mergia A. The Use of Viral Vectors in Introducing Genes into Agricultural Animal Species. Anim Biotechnol 2009; 20:216-30. [DOI: 10.1080/10495390903196380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Identification of various testicular cell populations in pubertal and adult cockerels. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 114:415-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2008] [Revised: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Expression of mx gene in chicken male germ cells in vivo. J Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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