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Husnain A, Arshad U, Zimpel R, Schmitt E, Dickson MJ, Perdomo MC, Marinho MN, Ashrafi N, Graham SF, Bishop JV, Hansen TR, Jeong KC, Gonella-Diaza AM, Chebel RC, Sheldon IM, Bromfield JJ, Santos JEP. Induced endometrial inflammation compromises conceptus development in dairy cattle†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:415-431. [PMID: 37540198 PMCID: PMC10577276 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial inflammation is associated with reduced pregnancy per artificial insemination (AI) and increased pregnancy loss in cows. It was hypothesized that induced endometritis alters histotroph composition and induces inflammatory signatures on conceptus that compromise development. In Experiment 1, lactating cows were assigned to control (CON; n = 23) or to an intrauterine infusion of Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes (ENDO; n = 34) to induce endometritis. Cows received AI 26 days after treatment, and the uterine fluid and conceptuses were collected on day 16 after AI. In Experiment 2, Holstein heifers were assigned to CON (n = 14) or ENDO (n = 14). An embryo was transferred on day 7 of the estrous cycle, and uterine fluid and conceptuses were recovered on day 16. Composition of histotroph and trophoblast and embryonic disc gene expression were assessed. Bacterial-induced endometritis in lactating cows altered histotroph composition and pathways linked to phospholipid synthesis, cellular energy production, and the Warburg effect. Also, ENDO reduced conceptus length in cows and altered expression of genes involved in pathogen recognition, nutrient uptake, cell growth, choline metabolism, and conceptus signaling needed for maternal recognition of pregnancy. The impact of ENDO was lesser on conceptuses from heifers receiving embryo transfer; however, the affected genes and associated pathways involved restricted growth and increased immune response similar to the observed responses to ENDO in conceptuses from lactating cows. Bacterial-induced endometrial inflammation altered histotroph composition, reduced conceptus growth, and caused embryonic cells to activate survival rather than anabolic pathways that could compromise development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Husnain
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Usman Arshad
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roney Zimpel
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eduardo Schmitt
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mackenzie J Dickson
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Milerky C Perdomo
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mariana N Marinho
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nadia Ashrafi
- Metabolomics Department, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Stewart F Graham
- Metabolomics Department, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Jeanette V Bishop
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Thomas R Hansen
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kwang C Jeong
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Ricardo C Chebel
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - I Martin Sheldon
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - John J Bromfield
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - José E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, DH Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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2
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Jia GX, Ma WJ, Wu ZB, Li S, Zhang XQ, He Z, Wu SX, Tao HP, Fang Y, Song YW, Xu SR, Wang XQ, Yang QE. Single-cell transcriptomic characterization of sheep conceptus elongation and implantation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112860. [PMID: 37494181 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between the developing conceptus and endometrium is essential for pregnancy recognition and establishment in ruminants. We dissect the transcriptomic dynamics of sheep conceptus and corresponding endometrium at pre- and peri-implantation stages using single-cell RNA sequencing. Spherical blastocysts contain five cell types, with 68.62% trophectoderm cells. Strikingly, elongated conceptuses differentiate into 17 cell types, indicating dramatic cell fate specifications. Cell-type-specific gene expression delineates the features of distinctive trophectoderm lineages and indicates that the transition from polar trophectoderm to trophoblast increases interferon-tau expression and likely drives elongation initiation. We identify 13 endometrium-derived cell types and elucidate their molecular responses to conceptus development. Integrated analyses uncover multiple paired transcripts mediating the dialogues between extraembryonic membrane and endometrium, including IGF2-IGF1R, FGF19-FGFR1, NPY-NPY1R, PROS1-AXL, and ADGRE5-CD55. These data provide insight into the molecular regulation of conceptus elongation and represent a valuable resource for functional investigations of pre- and peri-implantation ruminant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Xue Jia
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Wen-Ji Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Zhen He
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shi-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hai-Ping Tao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Fang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yong-Wu Song
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Gangcha, Haibei 812300, China
| | - Shang-Rong Xu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qi-En Yang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
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3
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Wiltbank MC, Monteiro PLJ, Domingues RR, Andrade JPN, Mezera MA. Review: Maintenance of the ruminant corpus luteum during pregnancy: interferon-tau and beyond. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100827. [PMID: 37567676 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript reviews the mechanisms that maintain the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnancy in ruminants. In mammals, ovulation and luteinization of the remaining cells in the CL are due to a surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH). In cattle, continued secretion of pulses of LH is essential for full development and function of the CL during the estrous cycle (LH pulses), however, the few studies on the CL after d20 of pregnancy do not indicate that LH is essential for maintaining the CL of pregnancy. The first essential step in maintaining the CL of pregnancy in ruminants is overcoming the mechanisms that cause regression of the CL in non-pregnant ruminants (d18-25 in cattle; d13-21 in sheep). These mechanisms have a uterine component involving oxytocin-induced prostaglandin F2α (PGF2A) pulses and a luteal component involving decreased progesterone production and luteal cell death. There is a critical role for embryonic interferon-tau (IFNT) in suppressing the uterine secretion of PGF2A during early pregnancy (d13-21 in sheep; d16-25 in cattle) and preventing luteolysis. There are also effects of IFNT on the expression of interferon-stimulated genes in other tissues including the CL but the physiologic role of these interferon-stimulated genes is not yet clear. After the IFNT period, there is another mechanism that maintains the CL of pregnancy in ruminants since embryonic IFNT is inhibited as attachment occurs and trophoblastic binucleate/giant cells begin secretion of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins. The second mechanism for luteal maintenance has not yet been defined but acts in a local manner (ipsilateral to pregnancy), and remains functional from d25 until just before parturition. The most likely mechanisms mediating later maintenance of the CL of pregnancy are increased uterine blood flow or decreased prostaglandin transporter expression in the utero-ovarian vasculature, preventing PGF2A reaching the CL. Finally, implications of these ideas on pregnancy loss in cattle are explored, highlighting the importance of inappropriate regression of the CL of pregnancy as a mechanism for pregnancy loss in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Pedro L J Monteiro
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rafael R Domingues
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - João Paulo N Andrade
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Megan A Mezera
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Effects of apoptosis by 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity on corpus luteum formation during early pregnancy in cattle. CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.17221/116/2022-cjas] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Domingues RR, Andrade JPN, Cunha TO, Madureira G, Moallem U, Gomez-Leon V, Martins JPN, Wiltbank MC. Is pregnancy loss initiated by embryonic death or luteal regression? Profiles of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins during elevated progesterone and pregnancy loss. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 4:149-154. [PMID: 36974213 PMCID: PMC10039253 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2022-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Because progesterone (P4) is essential for pregnancy establishment and maintenance, we investigated the effect of increased concentrations of P4 on embryonic attachment and concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG). Additionally, we investigated the relationships among luteal regression, pregnancy loss, and PAG concentrations in cows undergoing pregnancy loss by d 33 of pregnancy. Lactating dairy cows were allocated into control (n = 40) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; 3,300 IU on d 7 and 13 to promote greater circulating P4; GnRH = d 0; n = 46) groups. Progesterone was measured daily from d 7 to 33, and PAG was measured daily from d 17 to 33; both hormones were also measured on d 47 and 61. An increase in PAG >10% compared with d 17 was considered a marker for pregnancy. The gold standard for pregnancy diagnosis was ultrasound evaluation of embryonic heartbeat on d 33. Statistical analyses were done with PROC MIXED from SAS Institute Inc. Concentrations of P4 were greater from d 8 onward in the hCG group. Concentrations of PAG did not differ between groups from d 17 to 33, suggesting no effect of increased P4 on hastening embryonic attachment and placental development. Nevertheless, PAG was greater in the hCG group on d 47 and 61, suggesting greater placental area or PAG secretory capacity. Pregnancy loss between d 20 and 33 occurred in 24.6% of cows. About 50% of pregnancy loss was due to luteal regression and about 50% was due to conceptus failure; that is, a decrease in PAG in the absence of luteal regression. In conclusion, increased P4 does not hasten embryonic attachment or early placental development but it leads to increased PAG in the second half of the second month of gestation. Additionally, pregnancy loss seems to be initiated by either corpus luteum regression or conceptus failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R. Domingues
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - Joao Paulo N. Andrade
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - Thiago O. Cunha
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - Guilherme Madureira
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - Uzi Moallem
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel 50250
| | - Victor Gomez-Leon
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506
| | - Joao Paulo N. Martins
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
| | - Milo C. Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706
- Corresponding author
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Davies CJ, Fan Z, Morgado KP, Liu Y, Regouski M, Meng Q, Thomas AJ, Yun SI, Song BH, Frank JC, Perisse IV, Van Wettere A, Lee YM, Polejaeva IA. Development and characterization of type I interferon receptor knockout sheep: A model for viral immunology and reproductive signaling. Front Genet 2022; 13:986316. [PMID: 36246651 PMCID: PMC9556006 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.986316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) initiate immune responses to viral infections. Their effects are mediated by the type I IFN receptor, IFNAR, comprised of two subunits: IFNAR1 and IFNAR2. One or both chains of the sheep IFNAR were disrupted in fetal fibroblast lines using CRISPR/Cas9 and 12 lambs were produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for IFN-stimulated gene expression showed that IFNAR deficient sheep fail to respond to IFN-alpha. Furthermore, fibroblast cells from an IFNAR2−/− fetus supported significantly higher levels of Zika virus (ZIKV) replication than wild-type fetal fibroblast cells. Although many lambs have died from SCNT related problems or infections, one fertile IFNAR2−/− ram lived to over 4 years of age, remained healthy, and produced more than 80 offspring. Interestingly, ZIKV infection studies failed to demonstrate a high level of susceptibility. Presumably, these sheep compensated for a lack of type I IFN signaling using the type II, IFN-gamma and type III, IFN-lambda pathways. These sheep constitute a unique model for studying the pathogenesis of viral infection. Historical data supports the concept that ruminants utilize a novel type I IFN, IFN-tau, for pregnancy recognition. Consequently, IFNAR deficient ewes are likely to be infertile, making IFNAR knockout sheep a valuable model for studying pregnancy recognition. A breeding herd of 32 IFNAR2+/− ewes, which are fertile, has been developed for production of IFNAR2−/− sheep for both infection and reproduction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Davies
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Christopher J. Davies, ; Irina A. Polejaeva,
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Kira P. Morgado
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Misha Regouski
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Qinggang Meng
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Aaron J. Thomas
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- Center for Integrated BioSystems, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Sang-Im Yun
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Byung-Hak Song
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Jordan C. Frank
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Iuri V. Perisse
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Arnaud Van Wettere
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Young-Min Lee
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Irina A. Polejaeva
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
- *Correspondence: Christopher J. Davies, ; Irina A. Polejaeva,
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7
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Mathew DJ, Peterson KD, Senn LK, Oliver MA, Ealy AD. Ruminant conceptus-maternal interactions: interferon-tau and beyond. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6620787. [PMID: 35772752 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic or fetal loss in cattle is associated with problems that occur during oocyte maturation, early embryonic development, conceptus elongation, maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP), and/or placental attachment and implantation. Many of these problems manifest as inadequate or asynchronous communication between the developing conceptus and endometrium, resulting in pregnancy failure. This review will provide an overview of how various conceptus-endometrial paracrine signaling systems control the fate of early pregnancy in cattle and other ruminants. We begin by summarizing the actions of interferon-tau, the classic MRP signal in ruminates, and then explore how other secretory factors derived from either the conceptus or endometrium influence establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Insight into how the endometrium responds to male vs. female conceptuses or conceptuses produced by in vitro methods will also be described. Specific focus will be placed on describing how "omic" technologies and other cutting-edge techniques have assisted with identifying novel conceptus and/or endometrial factors and their functions. Recent findings indicate that the endometrial transcriptome and histotroph are altered by conceptus sex, quality, and origin, suggesting that the endometrium is a sensor of conceptus biochemistry. Although the endometrium has a certain level of flexibility in terms of conceptus-maternal interactions, this interplay is not sufficient to retain some pregnancies. However, new information inspires us to learn more and will help develop technologies that mitigate early embryonic loss and reproductive failure in ruminants and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Mathew
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Katie D Peterson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - L Kirsten Senn
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Mary A Oliver
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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8
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Manti S, Leonardi S, Rezaee F, Harford TJ, Perez MK, Piedimonte G. Effects of Vertical Transmission of Respiratory Viruses to the Offspring. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853009. [PMID: 35359954 PMCID: PMC8963917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Overt and subclinical maternal infections in pregnancy can have multiple and significant pathological consequences for the developing fetus, leading to acute perinatal complications and/or chronic disease throughout postnatal life. In this context, the current concept of pregnancy as a state of systemic immunosuppression seems oversimplified and outdated. Undoubtedly, in pregnancy the maternal immune system undergoes complex changes to establish and maintain tolerance to the fetus while still protecting from pathogens. In addition to downregulated maternal immunity, hormonal changes, and mechanical adaptation (e.g., restricted lung expansion) make the pregnant woman more susceptible to respiratory pathogens, such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Depending on the infectious agent and timing of the infection during gestation, fetal pathology can range from mild to severe, and even fatal. Influenza is associated with a higher risk of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women than in the general population, and, especially during the third trimester of pregnancy, mothers are at increased risk of hospitalization for acute cardiopulmonary illness, while their babies show higher risk of complications such as prematurity, respiratory and neurological illness, congenital anomalies, and admission to neonatal intensive care. RSV exposure in utero is associated with selective immune deficit, remodeling of cholinergic innervation in the developing respiratory tract, and abnormal airway smooth muscle contractility, which may predispose to postnatal airway inflammation and hyperreactivity, as well as development of chronic airway dysfunction in childhood. Although there is still limited evidence supporting the occurrence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the high prevalence of prematurity among pregnant women infected by SARS-CoV-2 suggests this virus may alter immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface, affecting both the mother and her fetus. This review aims at summarizing the current evidence about the short- and long-term consequences of intrauterine exposure to influenza, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 in terms of neonatal and pediatric outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Manti
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Leonardi
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fariba Rezaee
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Center for Pediatric Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic Children’s, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Terri J. Harford
- Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Miriam K. Perez
- Department of General Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic Children’s, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Giovanni Piedimonte
- Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Piedimonte,
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9
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Chen SN, Gan Z, Nie P. Retroposition of the Long Transcript from Multiexon IFN-β Homologs in Ancestry Vertebrate Gave Rise to the Proximal Transcription Elements of Intronless IFN-β Promoter in Humans. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 207:2512-2520. [PMID: 34625523 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
IFN-β is a unique member of type I IFN in humans and contains four positive regulatory domains (PRDs), I-II-III-IV, in its promoter, which are docking sites for transcription factors IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3/7, NF-κB, IRF3/7, and activating transcription factor 2/Jun proto-oncogene, respectively. In chicken IFN-β and zebrafish IFNφ1 promoters, a conserved PRD or PRD-like sequences have been reported. In this study, a type I IFN gene, named as xl-IFN1 in the amphibian model Xenopus laevis, was found to contain similar PRD-like sites, IV-III/I-II, in its promoter, and these PRD-like sites were proved to be functionally responsive to activating transcription factor 2/Jun proto-oncogene, IRF3/IRF7, and p65, respectively. The xl-IFN1, as IFNφ1 in zebrafish, was transcribed into a long and a short transcript, with the long transcript containing all of the transcriptional elements, including PRD-like sites and TATA box in its proximal promoter. A retroposition model was then proposed to explain the transcriptional conservation of IFNφ1, xl-IFN1, and IFN-β in chicken and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China; and
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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10
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Fiorenza MF, Amaral CDS, da Anunciação ARDA, Portela VVM, Marey MA, Miyamoto A, Antoniazzi AQ. Possible impact of neutrophils on immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20210048. [PMID: 34745357 PMCID: PMC8562715 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2021-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between early embryo and maternal immune system for the establishment of pregnancy is the focus of several studies; however, it remains unclear. The maternal immune response needs to keep a balance between avoiding any damage to the conceptus and maintaining its function in combating microbes as well. When conceptus-maternal crosstalk cannot achieve this balance, pregnancy losses might occur. Intercommunication between mother and conceptus is fundamental during early pregnancy to dictate the outcome of pregnancy. In ruminants, the embryo reacts with the maternal system mainly via interferon tau (IFNT) release. IFNT can act locally on the embryo and endometrial cells and systemically in several tissues and cells to regulate their response via the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Also, IFNT can induce the expression of inflammatory-related genes in immune cells. Day 7 embryo induces a shift in the maternal immune response towards anti-inflammatory (Th2) immune responses. During maternal recognition of pregnancy, peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) express markers that configure an anti-inflammatory response. However, PMNs response is more sensitive to the effects of IFNT. PMNs are more likely to express interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB), interleukin 10 (IL10), and arginase-1 (ARG1), configuring one of the most rapid immune responses to early pregnancy. This review focus on the local and peripheral immune responses during early pregnancy in ruminants, mainly the PMNs function in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariani Farias Fiorenza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Amaral
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Mohammed Ali Marey
- Global Agromedicine Research Center, Obihiro University of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Global Agromedicine Research Center, Obihiro University of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Alfredo Quites Antoniazzi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
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11
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The Importance of Interferon-Tau in the Diagnosis of Pregnancy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9915814. [PMID: 34513997 PMCID: PMC8429012 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9915814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several decades of improving dairy cattle towards unilateral utilization of dairy cattle led to enormous progress in the field of milk yield; however, it resulted in a number of unfavorable features, such as reproductive disorders, increased calf mortality, and reduced health. Most cases of embryo loss and/or lost pregnancies occur during the first four to five weeks of gestation; accurate detection for pregnancy during this period is likely to contribute to an improvement in gestation rates. A specific protein, interferon-tau (IFNT), stimulates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and their expression increases during gestation within 21 days after insemination. In bovines, the early conceptus undergoes a phase of rapid growth and elongation before implantation, the latter occurring 2–3 weeks after fertilization. IFNT acts mainly in the endometrium of the luminal epithelium. It is a new type I interferon that regulates several genes encoding uterine-derived factors. They are crucial in the processes of preparing the uterus for placenta attachment, modifying the uterine immune system, and regulating early fetal development. Because IFNT is expressed and induces ISGs in the endometrium during pregnancy recognition, it was reasoned that surrogate markers for pregnancy or IFNT might be present in the blood and provide an indicator of pregnancy status in cattle.
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12
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Mezera MA, Li W, Wiltbank MC. Pregnancy-induced changes in the transcriptome of the bovine corpus luteum during and after embryonic interferon-tau secretion†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:148-163. [PMID: 33690863 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding luteal maintenance during early pregnancy is of substantial biological and practical importance. Characterizing effects of early pregnancy, however, has historically been confounded by use of controls with potential exposure to early Prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF) pulses or differences in Corpus Luteum (CL) age. To avoid this, the present study utilized bihourly blood sampling to ensure control CL (n = 6) were of a similar age to CL from pregnant animals (n = 5), yet without exposure to PGF pulses. Additionally, CL from second month of pregnancy (n = 4) were analyzed to track fate of altered genes after cessation of embryonic interferon tau (IFNT) secretion. The major alteration in gene expression in first month of pregnancy occurred in interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), with immune/interferon signaling pathways enriched in three independent over-representation analyses. Most ISGs decreased during second month of pregnancy, though, surprisingly, some ISGs remained elevated in the second month even after cessation of IFNT secretion. Investigation of luteolytic genes found few altered transcripts, in contrast to previous reports, likely due to removal of controls exposed to PGF pulses. An exception to this trend was decreased expression of transcription factor NR4A1. Beyond luteolytic genes and ISGs, over representation analyses highlighted the prevalence of altered genes within the extracellular matrix and regulation of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) availability, confirming results of other studies independent of luteolytic genes. These results support the idea that CL maintenance in early pregnancy is related to lack of PGF exposure, although potential roles for CL expression of diverse ISGs and other pathways activated during early pregnancy remain undefined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Mezera
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wenli Li
- USDA Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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13
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D Occhio MJ, Campanile G, Baruselli PS. Transforming growth factor-β superfamily and interferon-τ in ovarian function and embryo development in female cattle: review of biology and application. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:539-552. [PMID: 32024582 DOI: 10.1071/rd19123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival of the embryo and establishment of a pregnancy is a critical period in the reproductive function of female cattle. This review examines how the transforming growth factor-β (TGFB) superfamily (i.e. bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 15, growth differentiation factor (GDF) 9, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)) and interferon-τ (IFNT) affect ovarian function and embryo development. The oocyte in a primary follicle secretes BMP15 and GDF9, which, together, organise the surrounding granulosa and theca cells into the oocyte-cumulus-follicle complex. At the same time, the granulosa secretes AMH, which affects the oocyte. This autocrine-paracrine dialogue between the oocyte and somatic cells continues throughout follicle development and is fundamental in establishing the fertilisation potential and embryo developmental competency of oocytes. The early bovine embryo secretes IFNT, which acts at the uterine endometrium, corpus luteum and blood leucocytes. IFNT is involved in the maternal recognition of pregnancy and immunomodulation to prevent rejection of the embryo, and supports progesterone secretion. Manipulation of BMP15, GDF9, AMH and IFNT in both invivo and invitro studies has confirmed their importance in reproductive function in female cattle. This review makes the case that a deeper understanding of the biology of BMP15, GDF9, AMH and IFNT will lead to new strategies to increase embryo survival and improve fertility in cattle. The enhancement of oocyte quality, early embryo development and implantation is considered necessary for the next step change in the efficiency of natural and assisted reproduction in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 410 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, V. F. Delpino, 1 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-270 Brazil; and Corresponding author.
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14
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Mezera MA, Hamm CS, Gamarra CA, Gennari RS, Prata AB, Sartori R, Wiltbank MC. Profiles of prostaglandin F2α metabolite in dairy cattle during luteal regression and pregnancy: implications for corpus luteum maintenance†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:76-90. [PMID: 31066903 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of bovine corpus luteum (CL) maintenance during the second month of pregnancy have not been adequately investigated, despite significant reproductive losses. In the first month, interferon-tau is believed to suppress oxytocin-stimulated prostaglandin F2α (PGF) production, yet there are conflicting reports of circulating PGF metabolite (PGFM). In this study, characterization of PGFM and P4 occurred through continuous bihourly blood sampling in cows undergoing CL regression (day 18-21, n = 5), and during the first (day 18-21, n = 5) and second month (day 47-61; n = 16) of pregnancy. Cattle in the second month were assigned to control (n = 8) or oxytocin treatment (n = 8; three pulses to mimic luteolysis) to evaluate if oxytocin receptors were active. All cows but one (which had elevated PGFM prior to oxytocin treatment) maintained the pregnancy. Basal PGFM concentrations were low (11.6 ± 0.7 pg/mL) in the first month but increased 2.54-fold in the second month. Few (0.26 ± 0.12 pulses/day) PGFM pulses with low peak concentrations (28.8 ± 3.1 pg/mL) were observed during the first month of pregnancy, similar to cows not undergoing regression. However, in the second month, frequency (1.10 ± 0.26 pulses/day) and peak concentration (67.2 ± 5.0 pg/mL) of PGFM pulses increased, displaying similar frequency but lower peak PGFM than seen in regression (1.44 ± 0.14 pulses/day; 134.5 ± 18.9 pg/mL). Oxytocin treatment increased likelihood of PGFM pulses post-treatment and increased peak concentration (89.7 ± 10.1 pg/mL) in cows during the second month. Thus, cows have more PGFM pulses during second than first month of pregnancy, possibly induced by endogenous oxytocin, indicating suppression of PGF production is an important mechanism for CL maintenance during first but not second month of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Mezera
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Caleb S Hamm
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Caio A Gamarra
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rodrigo S Gennari
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexandre B Prata
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Sartori
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Animal Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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15
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Amaral CS, Koch J, Correa Júnior EE, Bertolin K, Mujica LKS, Fiorenza MF, Rosa SG, Nogueira CW, Comim FV, Portela VVM, Gonçalves PBD, Antoniazzi AQ. Heat stress on oocyte or zygote compromises embryo development, impairs interferon tau production and increases reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in bovine embryos produced in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:899-909. [PMID: 32761819 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interferon tau (IFNT) is the cytokine responsible for the maternal recognition of pregnancy in ruminants and plays a role modulating embryo-maternal communication in the oviduct inducing a local response from immune cells. We aimed to investigate IFNT production, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress under the influence of heat stress (HS) during different stages of bovine in vitro embryo production. HS was established when the temperature was gradually raised from 38.5°C to 40.5°C in laboratory incubator, sustained for 6 hr, and decreased back to 38.5°C. To address the HS effects on IFNT production, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress, ovaries from a slaughterhouse were used according to treatments: control group (38.5°C); oocytes matured under HS; oocytes fertilized under HS; zygotes cultured in the first day under HS; and cells submitted to HS at oocyte maturation, fertilization, and the first day of zygote culture. The HS negatively affected cleavage and blastocyst rates, in all HS groups. On Day 7, all HS-treated embryos showed decrease IFNT gene and protein expressions, whereas reactive oxygen species were increased in comparison to the control. In conclusion, the compromised early embryo development due to higher temperatures during in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and/or zygote stage have diminished IFNT expression and increased reactive oxygen species in bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S Amaral
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Júlia Koch
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E Correa Júnior
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kalyne Bertolin
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lady K S Mujica
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mariani F Fiorenza
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Suzan G Rosa
- Synthesis, Reactivity and Organocalcogens Pharmacological and Toxicological Assessment Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- Synthesis, Reactivity and Organocalcogens Pharmacological and Toxicological Assessment Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fábio V Comim
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Valério V M Portela
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo B D Gonçalves
- Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction Laboratory, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Q Antoniazzi
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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16
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Moraes JGN, Behura SK, Bishop JV, Hansen TR, Geary TW, Spencer TE. Analysis of the uterine lumen in fertility-classified heifers: II. Proteins and metabolites†. Biol Reprod 2020; 102:571-587. [PMID: 31616912 PMCID: PMC7331878 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival and growth of the bovine conceptus is dependent on endometrial secretions or histotroph. Previously, serial blastocyst transfer was used to classify heifers as high fertile (HF), subfertile (SF), or infertile (IF). Here, we investigated specific histotroph components (proteins and metabolites) in the uterine lumen of day 17 fertility-classified heifers. Interferon tau (IFNT) was more abundant in uterine lumenal fluid (ULF) of pregnant HF than SF animals as the conceptus was longer in HF heifers. However, no differences in endometrial expression of selected classical and nonclassical interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were observed, suggesting that IFNT signaling in the endometrium of pregnant HF and SF heifers was similar. Pregnancy significantly increased the abundance of several proteins in ULF. Based on functional annotation, the abundance of a number of proteins involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress, amino acid metabolism, and cell proliferation and differentiation were greater in the ULF of pregnant HF than SF heifers. Metabolomics analysis found that pregnancy only changed the metabolome composition of ULF from HF heifers. The majority of the metabolites that increased in the ULF of pregnant HF as compared to SF heifers were associated with energy and amino acid metabolism. The observed differences in ULF proteome and metabolome are hypothesized to influence uterine receptivity with consequences on conceptus development and survival in fertility-classified heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao G N Moraes
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Jeanette V Bishop
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA and
| | - Thomas R Hansen
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA and
| | - Thomas W Geary
- USDA-ARS, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, Miles City, Montana, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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17
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Casazza RL, Lazear HM, Miner JJ. Protective and Pathogenic Effects of Interferon Signaling During Pregnancy. Viral Immunol 2019; 33:3-11. [PMID: 31545139 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune regulation at the maternal-fetal interface is complex due to conflicting immunological objectives: protection of the fetus from maternal pathogens and prevention of immune-mediated rejection of the semiallogeneic fetus and placenta. Interferon (IFN) signaling plays an important role in restricting congenital infections as well as in the physiology of healthy pregnancies. In this review, we discuss the antiviral and pathogenic effects of type I IFN (IFN-α, IFN-β), type II IFN (IFN-γ), and type III IFN (IFN-λ) during pregnancy, with an emphasis on mouse and non-human primate models of congenital Zika virus infection. In the context of these animal model systems, we examine the role of IFN signaling during healthy pregnancy. Finally, we review mechanisms by which dysregulated type I IFN responses contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes in humans with autoimmune disease, including interferonopathies and systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Casazza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jonathan J Miner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
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18
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Roberts RM. 30 years on from the molecular cloning of interferon-tau. Reproduction 2018; 154:E1-E2. [PMID: 29025972 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Michael Roberts
- University of Missouri-Columbia - Animal Sciences, 240B Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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19
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Imakawa K, Bai R, Kusama K. Integration of molecules to construct the processes of conceptus implantation to the maternal endometrium. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:3009-3021. [PMID: 29554266 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During the peri-implantation period, ruminant conceptuses go through rapid elongation, followed by their attachment to the uterine endometrial epithelial cells, during which interferon-tau (IFNT), a trophectodermal cytokine required for the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy, is expressed in a temporal and spatial manner. On day 22 (day 0 = day of estrus), 2 to 3 d after the initiation of bovine conceptus attachment to the uterine epithelium, when IFNT production begins to subside, the expression of molecules related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1, snail family transcriptional repressor 2, N-cadherin, and vimentin was found in the trophectoderm. Through the use of in vitro coculture system with bovine trophoblast CT-1 and endometrial epithelial cells, a series of experiments have been conducted to elucidate mechanisms associated with the regulation of IFNT gene transcription and conceptus implantation, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes. Expression of IFNT, both up- and downregulation, during the peri-implantation period is tightly controlled. Cytokines and cell adhesion molecules such as epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor beta, activin A, L-selectin-podocalyxin, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1-integrin α4 expressed in utero all contribute to the initiation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the trophectoderm. These results indicate that conceptus implantation to the uterine endometrium proceeds while elongated conceptuses and endometria express cell adhesion molecules and their receptors, and the trophectoderm experiences epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Data accumulated suggest that while the conceptus and the endometrial epithelium adhere, trophectodermal cells must gain more flexibility for binucleate and possibly trinucleate cell formation during the peri-implantation period, and that understanding and constructing the conditions throughout implantation processes is key to improving ruminants' fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Imakawa
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ago, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Bai
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ago, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Kusama
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ago, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan
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