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Begum K, Hasan N, Shammi M. Selective biotic stressors' action on seed germination: A review. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112156. [PMID: 38866107 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
In the realm of plant biology and agriculture, seed germination serves as a fundamental process with far-reaching implications for crop production and environmental health. This comprehensive review seeks to unravel the intricate web of interactions between some biotic stressors and seed germination, addressing the pertinent issue of how these stressors influence seed germination. Different chemicals produced by interacting plants (different parts), fungi, bacteria, or insects can either promote or inhibit seed germination. Releasing chemicals that modulate signaling pathways and cellular processes significantly disrupt essential cellular functions. This disruption leads to diverse germination outcomes, introducing additional layers of complexity to this regulatory landscape. The chemicals perturb enzyme activity and membrane integrity, imposing unique challenges on the germination process. Understanding the mechanisms- how allelochemicals, mycotoxins, or bacterial toxins affect seed germination or the modes of action holds promise for more sustainable agricultural practices, enhanced pest control, and improved environmental outcomes. In sum, this review contributes to a fundamental exposition of the pivotal role of biotic stressors in shaping the germination of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohinoor Begum
- Tropical Crop Improvement Laboratory, Saga University, Saga 840-8503, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Nazmul Hasan
- Tropical Crop Improvement Laboratory, Saga University, Saga 840-8503, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; Fruit Science Laboratory, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
| | - Mashura Shammi
- Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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2
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Yaqoob HS, Shoaib A, Anwar A, Perveen S, Javed S, Mehnaz S. Seed biopriming with Ochrobactrum ciceri mediated defense responses in Zea mays (L.) against Fusarium rot. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:49-66. [PMID: 38435857 PMCID: PMC10902241 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Seed bio-priming is a simple and friendly technique to improve stress resilience against fungal diseases in plants. An integrated approach of maize seeds biopriming with Ochrobactrum ciceri was applied in Zn-amended soil to observe the response against Fusarium rot disease of Zea mays (L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides. Initially, the pathogen isolated from the infected corn was identified as F. verticillioides based on morphology and sequences of the internally transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene. Re-inoculation of maize seed with the isolated pathogen confirmed the pathogenicity of the fungus on the maize seeds. In vitro, the inhibitory potential of O. ciceri assessed on Zn-amended/un-amended growth medium revealed that antifungal potential of O. ciceri significantly improved in the Zn-amended medium, leading to 88% inhibition in fungal growth. Further assays with different concentrations (25, 50, and 75%) of cell pellet and the cultural filtrate of O. ciceri (with/without the Zn-amendment) showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of the pathogen that also led to discoloration, fragmentation, and complete disintegration of the fungus hyphae and spores at 75% dose. In planta, biopriming of maize seeds with O. ciceri significantly managed disease, improved the growth and biochemical attributes (up to two-fold), and accelerated accumulation of lignin, polyphenols, and starch, especially in the presence of basal Zn. The results indicated that bioprimed seeds along with Zn as the most promising treatment for managing disease and improving plant growth traits through the enhanced accumulation of lignin, polyphenols, and starch, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Sibgha Yaqoob
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shoaib
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Javed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samina Mehnaz
- Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
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3
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Ayesiga SB, Rubaihayo P, Oloka BM, Dramadri IO, Sserumaga JP. Genome-wide association study and pathway analysis to decipher loci associated with Fusarium ear rot resistance in tropical maize germplasm. GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION 2023; 71:2435-2448. [PMID: 39026943 PMCID: PMC11252232 DOI: 10.1007/s10722-023-01793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Breeding for host resistance is the most efficient and environmentally safe method to curb the spread of fusarium ear rot (FER). However, conventional breeding for resistance to FER is hampered by the complex polygenic nature of this trait, which is highly influenced by environmental conditions. This study aimed to identify genomic regions, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and putative candidate genes associated with FER resistance as well as candidate metabolic pathways and pathway genes involved in it. A panel of 151 tropical inbred maize lines were used to assess the genetic architecture of FER resistance over two seasons. During the study period, seven SNPs associated with FER resistance were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, and 9, accounting for 4-11% of the phenotypic variance. These significant markers were annotated into four genes. Seven significant metabolic pathways involved in FER resistance were identified using the Pathway Association Study Tool, the most significant being the superpathway of the glyoxylate cycle. Overall, this study confirmed that resistance to FER is indeed a complex mechanism controlled by several small to medium-effect loci. Our findings may contribute to fast-tracking the efforts to develop disease-resistant maize lines through marker-assisted selection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10722-023-01793-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Bigirwa Ayesiga
- Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
- National Livestock Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 5704, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Patrick Rubaihayo
- Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bonny Michael Oloka
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Isaac Ozinga Dramadri
- Department of Agricultural Production, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius Pyton Sserumaga
- National Livestock Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 5704, Kampala, Uganda
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4
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Ma P, Liu E, Zhang Z, Li T, Zhou Z, Yao W, Chen J, Wu J, Xu Y, Zhang H. Genetic variation in ZmWAX2 confers maize resistance to Fusarium verticillioides. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:1812-1826. [PMID: 37293701 PMCID: PMC10440989 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides (F. verticillioides) is a widely distributed phytopathogen that incites multiple destructive diseases in maize, posing a grave threat to corn yields and quality worldwide. However, there are few reports of resistance genes to F. verticillioides. Here, we reveal that a combination of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) corresponding to ZmWAX2 gene associates with quantitative resistance variations to F. verticillioides in maize through a genome-wide association study. A lack of ZmWAX2 compromises maize resistance to F. verticillioides-caused seed rot, seedling blight and stalk rot by reducing cuticular wax deposition, while the transgenic plants overexpressing ZmWAX2 show significantly increased immunity to F. verticillioides. A natural occurrence of two 7-bp deletions within the promoter increases ZmWAX2 transcription, thus enhancing maize resistance to F. verticillioides. Upon Fusarium stalk rot, ZmWAX2 greatly promotes the yield and grain quality of maize. Our studies demonstrate that ZmWAX2 confers multiple disease resistances caused by F. verticillioides and can serve as an important gene target for the development of F. verticillioides-resistant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ma
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Enpeng Liu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhirui Zhang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiafa Chen
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yufang Xu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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5
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Xu Y, Wang R, Ma P, Cao J, Cao Y, Zhou Z, Li T, Wu J, Zhang H. A novel maize microRNA negatively regulates resistance to Fusarium verticillioides. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022; 23:1446-1460. [PMID: 35700097 PMCID: PMC9452762 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the defence response against multiple pathogenic fungi in diverse plant species, few efforts have been devoted to deciphering the involvement of miRNA in resistance to Fusarium verticillioides, a major pathogenic fungus affecting maize production. In this study, we discovered a novel F. verticillioides-responsive miRNA designated zma-unmiR4 in maize kernels. The expression of zma-unmiR4 was significantly repressed in the resistant maize line but induced in the susceptible lines upon exposure to F. verticillioides exposure, whereas its target gene ZmGA2ox4 exhibited the opposite pattern of expression. Heterologous overexpression of zma-unmiR4 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced growth and compromised resistance to F. verticillioides. By contrast, transgenic plants overexpressing ZmGA2ox4 or the homologue AtGA2ox7 showed impaired growth and enhanced resistance to F. verticillioides. Moreover, zma-unmiR4-mediated suppression of AtGA2ox7 disturbed the accumulation of bioactive gibberellin (GA) in transgenic plants and perturbed the expression of a set of defence-related genes in response to F. verticillioides. Exogenous application of GA or a GA biosynthesis inhibitor modulated F. verticillioides resistance in different plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the zma-unmiR4-ZmGA2ox4 module might act as a major player in balancing growth and resistance to F. verticillioides in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Xu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Renjie Wang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Peipei Ma
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiansheng Cao
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yan Cao
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life SciencesHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina
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6
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Draves MA, Muench RL, Lang MG, Kelley DR. Maize Seedling Growth and Hormone Response Assays Using the Rolled Towel Method. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e562. [PMID: 36194012 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture is a critical factor in maize health and stress resilience. Determining the genetic and environmental factors that shape maize root system architecture is an active research area. However, the ability to phenotype juvenile root systems is hindered by the use of field-grown and soil-based systems. An alternative to soil- and field-based growing conditions for maize seedlings is a controlled environment with a soil-free medium, which can facilitate root system phenotyping. Here, we describe how to grow maize under soil-free conditions for up to 12 days to facilitate root phenotyping. Maize seeds are sterilized and planted on specialized seed germination paper to minimize fungal contamination and ensure synchronized seedling growth, followed by imaging at the desired time point. The root images are then analyzed to quantify traits of interest, such as primary root length, lateral root density, seminal root length, and seminal root number. In addition, juvenile shoot traits can be quantified using manual annotation methods. We also outline the steps for performing rigorous hormone response assays for four classical phytohormones: auxin, brassinosteroid, cytokinin, and jasmonic acid. This protocol can be rapidly scaled up and is compatible with genetic screens and sample collection for downstream molecular analyses such as transcriptomics and proteomics. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Maize seedling rolled towel assay and phenotyping Basic Protocol 2: Maize seedling hormone response assays using the rolled towel assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Draves
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Rebekah L Muench
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Michelle G Lang
- Current address: Corteva Agriscience, 8325 NW 62nd Ave, Johnston, Iowa
| | - Dior R Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
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7
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Guche MD, Pilati S, Trenti F, Dalla Costa L, Giorni P, Guella G, Marocco A, Lanubile A. Functional Study of Lipoxygenase-Mediated Resistance against Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus Infection in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810894. [PMID: 36142806 PMCID: PMC9503958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels by fungal pathogens like Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus is a chronic global challenge impacting food and feed security, health, and trade. Maize lipoxygenase genes (ZmLOXs) synthetize oxylipins that play defense roles and govern host-fungal interactions. The current study investigated the involvement of ZmLOXs in maize resistance against these two fungi. A considerable intraspecific genetic and transcript variability of the ZmLOX family was highlighted by in silico analysis comparing publicly available maize pan-genomes and pan-transcriptomes, respectively. Then, phenotyping and expression analysis of ZmLOX genes along with key genes involved in oxylipin biosynthesis were carried out in a maize mutant carrying a Mu transposon insertion in the ZmLOX4 gene (named UFMulox4) together with Tzi18, Mo17, and W22 inbred lines at 3- and 7-days post-inoculation with F. verticillioides and A. flavus. Tzi18 showed the highest resistance to the pathogens coupled with the lowest mycotoxin accumulation, while UFMulox4 was highly susceptible to both pathogens with the most elevated mycotoxin content. F. verticillioides inoculation determined a stronger induction of ZmLOXs and maize allene oxide synthase genes as compared to A. flavus. Additionally, oxylipin analysis revealed prevalent linoleic (18:2) peroxidation by 9-LOXs, the accumulation of 10-oxo-11-phytoenoic acid (10-OPEA), and triglyceride peroxidation only in F. verticillioides inoculated kernels of resistant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikias Damtew Guche
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- C3A—Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, Via Edmund Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Stefania Pilati
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Francesco Trenti
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Lorenza Dalla Costa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Paola Giorni
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Graziano Guella
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-599206
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8
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Ma P, Li H, Liu E, He K, Song Y, Dong C, Wang Z, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Xu Y, Wu J, Zhang H. Evaluation and Identification of Resistance Lines and QTLs of Maize to Seedborne Fusarium verticillioides. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2066-2073. [PMID: 35259305 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-21-2247-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Internal fungal contamination in cereal grains may affect plant growth and result in health concerns for humans and animals. Fusarium verticillioides is a seedborne fungus that can systemically infect maize. However, few efforts had been devoted to studying the genetics of maize resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides. In this study, we developed a disease evaluation method to identify resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides in maize, by which a set of 121 diverse maize inbred lines were evaluated. A 160 F10-generation recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross of the resistant (BT-1) and susceptible (N6) inbred line was further used to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedborne F. verticillioides resistance. Eighteen inbred lines with a high resistance to seedborne F. verticillioides were characterized and could be used as potential germplasm resources for genetic improvement of maize resistance. Six QTLs with high heritability across multiple environments were detected on chromosomes 3, 4, 6, and 10, among which was a major QTL, qISFR4-1. Located on chromosome 4 at the interval of 12922609-13418025, qISFR4-1 could explain 16.63% of the total phenotypic variance. Distinct expression profiles of eight candidate genes in qISFR4-1 between BT-1 and N6 inbred lines suggested their pivotal regulatory roles in seedborne F. verticillioides resistance. Taken together, these results will improve our understanding of the resistant mechanisms of seedborne F. verticillioides and would provide valuable germplasm resources for disease resistance breeding in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Haojie Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Enpeng Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kewei He
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yunxia Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yufang Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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9
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Feng X, Xiong H, Zheng D, Xin X, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wu F, Xu J, Lu Y. Identification of Fusarium verticillioides Resistance Alleles in Three Maize Populations With Teosinte Gene Introgression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942397. [PMID: 35909731 PMCID: PMC9331921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium ear rot (FER) is a common fungal disease in maize (Zea mays L.) caused by Fusarium verticillioides. Resistant germplasm resources for FER are rare in cultivated maize; however, teosintes (Z. mays ssp. parviglumis and Z. mays ssp. diploperennis), which are wild-type species of maize, have the potential to offer a novel source of resistance alleles to enhance pathogen resistance in modern maize. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify favorable alleles that confer significant levels of resistance toward FER. Three populations of BC2F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were developed by crossing two different teosintes, Z. diploperennis and Z. parviglumis, with maize inbred lines B73 and Zheng58, and were screened for FER resistance. We found that Z. diploperennis and Z. parviglumis had higher resistance toward F. verticillioides in the leaves than B73 and Zheng58. However, the resistance toward F. verticillioides in the leaf and ear was unrelated among RILs. FER resistance was positively correlated with grain yield in the B73 × diploperennis (BD) and Zheng58 × parviglumis (ZP) populations, partly because the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of FER resistance and yield traits were located close together. Four coincident QTLs (qFERbd5.177, qFERbd10.140, qFERzp4.066, and qFERzp5.116) and two highly reliable resistance-yield synergistic QTLs (qFERbd10.140 and qFERzp4.066) were identified in the BD and ZP populations, opening up the possibility of breeding for FER resistance without reducing yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Xin
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingjun Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengkai Wu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Gangurde SS, Xavier A, Naik YD, Jha UC, Rangari SK, Kumar R, Reddy MSS, Channale S, Elango D, Mir RR, Zwart R, Laxuman C, Sudini HK, Pandey MK, Punnuri S, Mendu V, Reddy UK, Guo B, Gangarao NVPR, Sharma VK, Wang X, Zhao C, Thudi M. Two decades of association mapping: Insights on disease resistance in major crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064059. [PMID: 37082513 PMCID: PMC10112529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change across the globe has an impact on the occurrence, prevalence, and severity of plant diseases. About 30% of yield losses in major crops are due to plant diseases; emerging diseases are likely to worsen the sustainable production in the coming years. Plant diseases have led to increased hunger and mass migration of human populations in the past, thus a serious threat to global food security. Equipping the modern varieties/hybrids with enhanced genetic resistance is the most economic, sustainable and environmentally friendly solution. Plant geneticists have done tremendous work in identifying stable resistance in primary genepools and many times other than primary genepools to breed resistant varieties in different major crops. Over the last two decades, the availability of crop and pathogen genomes due to advances in next generation sequencing technologies improved our understanding of trait genetics using different approaches. Genome-wide association studies have been effectively used to identify candidate genes and map loci associated with different diseases in crop plants. In this review, we highlight successful examples for the discovery of resistance genes to many important diseases. In addition, major developments in association studies, statistical models and bioinformatic tools that improve the power, resolution and the efficiency of identifying marker-trait associations. Overall this review provides comprehensive insights into the two decades of advances in GWAS studies and discusses the challenges and opportunities this research area provides for breeding resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil S. Gangurde
- Crop Genetics and Breeding Research, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Tifton, GA, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - Alencar Xavier
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | | | - Uday Chand Jha
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Raj Kumar
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Bihar, India
| | - M. S. Sai Reddy
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Bihar, India
| | - Sonal Channale
- Crop Health Center, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Dinakaran Elango
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST), Sopore, India
| | - Rebecca Zwart
- Crop Health Center, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - C. Laxuman
- Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), Kalaburagi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
| | - Hari Kishan Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Crop Health Center, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Somashekhar Punnuri
- College of Agriculture, Family Sciences and Technology, Dr. Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, United States
| | - Venugopal Mendu
- Department of Plant Science and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Umesh K. Reddy
- Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, West Virginia, WV, United States
| | - Baozhu Guo
- Crop Genetics and Breeding Research, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) - Agriculture Research Service (ARS), Tifton, GA, United States
| | | | - Vinay K. Sharma
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Bihar, India
| | - Xingjun Wang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mahendar Thudi, ; Chuanzhi Zhao,
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University (RPCAU), Bihar, India
- Crop Health Center, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Mahendar Thudi, ; Chuanzhi Zhao,
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11
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Righetti L, Dall’Asta C, Lucini L, Battilani P. Lipid Signaling Modulates the Response to Fumonisin Contamination and Its Source, Fusarium verticillioides, in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:701680. [PMID: 34819936 PMCID: PMC8606633 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.701680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fumonisin-contaminated maize (Zea mays L.) products are a major health concern because of their toxic effects in humans and animals. Breeding maize for increased mycotoxin resistance is one of the key sustainable strategies for mitigating the effects of fumonisin contamination. Recent studies suggest a link between fumonisin accumulation and plant lipid and oxylipin profiles. However, the data collected so far do not reveal a cause-and-effect relationship. In this study, to decipher the multifactorial nature of mycotoxin resistance and plant-pathogen interaction mechanisms, we examined the oxylipin and complex lipid profiles of two maize hybrids (H21 and H22, the latter showing significantly lower FBs content) grown in the open field in two locations over 3years. Untargeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight (UHPLC-Q-TOF), together with chemometrics analysis, successfully distinguished between the two hybrids as having low- and high-level fumonisin contamination. Considering that H21 and H22 were exposed to the same environmental factors, the higher activation of lipid signaling systems in H22 suggests that other routes are enabled in the less susceptible hybrids to limit fumonisin B (FB) accumulation. Our results highlighted the crucial role played by oxylipin and sphingolipid signaling in modulating the complex maize response to F. verticillioides infection. Overall, our results returned a global view on the changes in lipid metabolites related to fumonisin accumulation under open field conditions, and revealed a strong activation of the lipid signaling cascade in maize in the presence of FB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paola Battilani
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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12
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Ma S, Shi H, Wang GF. The potential roles of different metacaspases in maize defense response. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1906574. [PMID: 33843433 PMCID: PMC8143262 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1906574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metacaspases (MCs), a class of cysteine-dependent proteases, act as important regulators in plant defense response. In maize genome, there are 11 ZmMCs which have been categorized into two types (type I and II) based on their structural differences. In this study, we investigated the different transcript patterns of 11 ZmMCs in maize defense response mediated by the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich-repeat protein Rp1-D21. We further predicted that many cis-elements responsive to salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin were identified in the promoter regions of ZmMCs, and several different transcription factors were predicted to bind to their promoters. We analyzed the localization of ZmMCs with previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in maize disease resistance, and found that all other ZmMCs, except for ZmMC6-8, are co-located with at least one QTL associated with disease resistance to southern leaf blight, northern leaf blight, gray leaf spot or Fusarium ear rot. Based on previous RNA-seq analysis, different ZmMCs display different transcript levels in response to Cochliobolous heterostrophus and Fusarium verticillioides. All the results imply that the members of ZmMCs might have differential functions to different maize diseases. This study lays the basis for further investigating the roles of ZmMCs in maize disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hong Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guan-Feng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
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13
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The Effect of Fusarium verticillioides Fumonisins on Fatty Acids, Sphingolipids, and Oxylipins in Maize Germlings. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052435. [PMID: 33670954 PMCID: PMC7957515 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides causes multiple diseases of Zea mays (maize) including ear and seedling rots, contaminates seeds and seed products worldwide with toxic chemicals called fumonisins. The role of fumonisins in disease is unclear because, although they are not required for ear rot, they are required for seedling diseases. Disease symptoms may be due to the ability of fumonisins to inhibit ceramide synthase activity, the expected cause of lipids (fatty acids, oxylipins, and sphingolipids) alteration in infected plants. In this study, we explored the impact of fumonisins on fatty acid, oxylipin, and sphingolipid levels in planta and how these changes affect F. verticillioides growth in maize. The identity and levels of principal fatty acids, oxylipins, and over 50 sphingolipids were evaluated by chromatography followed by mass spectrometry in maize infected with an F. verticillioides fumonisin-producing wild-type strain and a fumonisin-deficient mutant, after different periods of growth. Plant hormones associated with defense responses, i.e., salicylic and jasmonic acid, were also evaluated. We suggest that fumonisins produced by F. verticillioides alter maize lipid metabolism, which help switch fungal growth from a relatively harmless endophyte to a destructive necrotroph.
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14
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Loss of ZmLIPOXYGENASE4 Decreases Fusarium verticillioides Resistance in Maize Seedlings. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030335. [PMID: 33668883 PMCID: PMC7996282 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is one of the most relevant fungal species in maize responsible for ear, stalk and seedling rot, as well as the fumonisin contamination of kernels. Plant lipoxygenases (LOX) synthesize oxylipins that play a crucial role in the regulation of defense mechanisms against pathogens and influence the outcome of pathogenesis. To better uncover the role of these signaling molecules in maize resistance against F. verticillioides, the functional characterization of the 9-LOX gene, ZmLOX4, was carried out in this study by employing mutants carrying Mu insertions in this gene (named as UFMulox4). In this regard, the genotyping of five UFMulox4 identified the mutant UFMu10924 as the only one having an insertion in the coding region of the gene. The impact of ZmLOX4 mutagenesis on kernel defense against F. verticillioides and fumonisin accumulation were investigated, resulting in an increased fungal susceptibility compared to the inbred lines W22 and Tzi18. Moreover, the expression of most of the genes involved in the LOX, jasmonic acid (JA) and green leaf volatiles (GLV) pathways, as well as LOX enzymatic activity, decreased or were unaffected by fungal inoculation in the mutant UFMu10924. These results confirm the strategic role of ZmLOX4 in controlling defense against F. verticillioides and its influence on the expression of several LOX, JA and GLV genes.
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15
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Ding Y, Weckwerth PR, Poretsky E, Murphy KM, Sims J, Saldivar E, Christensen SA, Char SN, Yang B, Tong AD, Shen Z, Kremling KA, Buckler ES, Kono T, Nelson DR, Bohlmann J, Bakker MG, Vaughan MM, Khalil AS, Betsiashvili M, Dressano K, Köllner TG, Briggs SP, Zerbe P, Schmelz EA, Huffaker A. Genetic elucidation of interconnected antibiotic pathways mediating maize innate immunity. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:1375-1388. [PMID: 33106639 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-00787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Specialized metabolites constitute key layers of immunity that underlie disease resistance in crops; however, challenges in resolving pathways limit our understanding of the functions and applications of these metabolites. In maize (Zea mays), the inducible accumulation of acidic terpenoids is increasingly considered to be a defence mechanism that contributes to disease resistance. Here, to understand maize antibiotic biosynthesis, we integrated association mapping, pan-genome multi-omic correlations, enzyme structure-function studies and targeted mutagenesis. We define ten genes in three zealexin (Zx) gene clusters that encode four sesquiterpene synthases and six cytochrome P450 proteins that collectively drive the production of diverse antibiotic cocktails. Quadruple mutants in which the ability to produce zealexins (ZXs) is blocked exhibit a broad-spectrum loss of disease resistance. Genetic redundancies ensuring pathway resiliency to single null mutations are combined with enzyme substrate promiscuity, creating a biosynthetic hourglass pathway that uses diverse substrates and in vivo combinatorial chemistry to yield complex antibiotic blends. The elucidated genetic basis of biochemical phenotypes that underlie disease resistance demonstrates a predominant maize defence pathway and informs innovative strategies for transferring chemical immunity between crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezhang Ding
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philipp R Weckwerth
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elly Poretsky
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katherine M Murphy
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - James Sims
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Evan Saldivar
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shawn A Christensen
- Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Si Nian Char
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Bing Yang
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anh-Dao Tong
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karl A Kremling
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Edward S Buckler
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tom Kono
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David R Nelson
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jörg Bohlmann
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew G Bakker
- National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Martha M Vaughan
- National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Ahmed S Khalil
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mariam Betsiashvili
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keini Dressano
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Steven P Briggs
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philipp Zerbe
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Eric A Schmelz
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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16
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Santiago R, Cao A, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genomics of Maize Resistance to Fusarium Ear Rot and Fumonisin Contamination. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E431. [PMID: 32629954 PMCID: PMC7404995 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food contamination with mycotoxins is a worldwide concern, because these toxins produced by several fungal species have detrimental effects on animal and/or human health. In maize, fumonisins are among the toxins with the highest threatening potential because they are mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides, which is distributed worldwide. Plant breeding has emerged as an effective and environmentally safe method to reduce fumonisin levels in maize kernels, but although phenotypic selection has proved effective for improving resistance to fumonisin contamination, further resources should be mobilized to meet farmers' needs. Selection based on molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to fumonisin contamination or/and genotype values obtained using prediction models with markers distributed across the whole genome could speed up breeding progress. Therefore, in the current paper, previously identified genomic regions, genes, and/or pathways implicated in resistance to fumonisin accumulation will be reviewed. Studies done until now have provide many markers to be used by breeders, but to get further insight on plant mechanisms to defend against fungal infection and to limit fumonisin contamination, the genes behind those QTLs should be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Santiago
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG (CSIC), 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Ana Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Rosa Ana Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
| | - Ana Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apdo. 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain; (A.C.); (R.A.M.)
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17
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Ciasca B, Lanubile A, Marocco A, Pascale M, Logrieco AF, Lattanzio VMT. Application of an Integrated and Open Source Workflow for LC-HRMS Plant Metabolomics Studies. Case-Control Study: Metabolic Changes of Maize in Response to Fusarium verticillioides Infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:664. [PMID: 32582236 PMCID: PMC7290002 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) represents the most powerful metabolomics platform to investigate biological systems. Reproducible and standardized workflows allow obtaining a meaningful biological interpretation. The purpose of this study was to set up and apply an open-source workflow for LC-HRMS plant metabolomics studies. Key steps of the proposed workflow were as follows: (1) experimental design, (2) sample preparation, (3) LC-HRMS analysis, (4) data processing, (5) custom database search, (6) statistical analysis, (7) compound identification, and (8) biochemical interpretation. Its applicability was evaluated through the study of metabolomics changes of two maize recombinant inbred lines with contrasting phenotypes with respect to disease severity after Fusarium verticillioides infection of seedlings. Analysis of data from the case-control study revealed abundance change in metabolites belonging to different metabolic pathways, including two amino acids (L-tryptophan and tyrosine), five flavonoids, and three N-hydroxynnamic acid amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Ciasca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Pascale
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio F. Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
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18
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Wu Y, Zhou Z, Dong C, Chen J, Ding J, Zhang X, Mu C, Chen Y, Li X, Li H, Han Y, Wang R, Sun X, Li J, Dai X, Song W, Chen W, Wu J. Linkage mapping and genome-wide association study reveals conservative QTL and candidate genes for Fusarium rot resistance in maize. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:357. [PMID: 32398006 PMCID: PMC7218626 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium ear rot (FER) caused by Fusarium verticillioides is a major disease of maize that reduces grain yield and quality globally. However, there have been few reports of major loci for FER were verified and cloned. RESULT To gain a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in FER resistance, a recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population and one panel of inbred lines were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance. As a result, a total of 10 QTL were identified by linkage mapping under four environments, which were located on six chromosomes and explained 1.0-7.1% of the phenotypic variation. Epistatic mapping detected four pairs of QTL that showed significant epistasis effects, explaining 2.1-3.0% of the phenotypic variation. Additionally, 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified across the whole genome by genome-wide association study (GWAS) under five environments. Compared linkage and association mapping revealed five common intervals located on chromosomes 3, 4, and 5 associated with FER resistance, four of which were verified in different near-isogenic lines (NILs) populations. GWAS identified three candidate genes in these consistent intervals, which belonged to the Glutaredoxin protein family, actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs), and AMP-binding proteins. In addition, two verified FER QTL regions were found consistent with Fusarium cob rot (FCR) and Fusarium seed rot (FSR). CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that multi pathways were involved in FER resistance, which was a complex trait that was controlled by multiple genes with minor effects, and provided important QTL and genes, which could be used in molecular breeding for resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chaopei Dong
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiafa Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Junqiang Ding
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuecai Zhang
- Global Maize Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo 6-641, 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Cong Mu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuna Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huimin Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanan Han
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Weibin Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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19
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A Genome-Wide Association Study To Understand the Effect of Fusarium verticillioides Infection on Seedlings of a Maize Diversity Panel. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:1685-1696. [PMID: 32156690 PMCID: PMC7202023 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides, which causes ear, kernel and stem rots, has been reported as the most prevalent species on maize worldwide. Kernel infection by F. verticillioides results in reduced seed yield and quality as well as fumonisin contamination, and may affect seedling traits like germination rate, entire plant seedling length and weight. Maize resistance to Fusarium is a quantitative and complex trait controlled by numerous genes with small effects. In the present work, a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) of traits related to Fusarium seedling rot was carried out in 230 lines of a maize association population using 226,446 SNP markers. Phenotypes were scored on artificially infected kernels applying the rolled towel assay screening method and three traits related to disease response were measured in inoculated and not-inoculated seedlings: plant seedling length (PL), plant seedling weight (PW) and germination rate (GERM). Overall, GWAS resulted in 42 SNPs significantly associated with the examined traits. Two and eleven SNPs were associated with PL in inoculated and not-inoculated samples, respectively. Additionally, six and one SNPs were associated with PW and GERM traits in not-inoculated kernels, and further nine and thirteen SNPs were associated to the same traits in inoculated kernels. Five genes containing the significant SNPs or physically closed to them were proposed for Fusarium resistance, and 18 out of 25 genes containing or adjacent to significant SNPs identified by GWAS in the current research co-localized within QTL regions previously reported for resistance to Fusarium seed rot, Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed an additional gene not directly observed by GWAS analysis. These findings could aid to better understand the complex interaction between maize and F. verticillioides.
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20
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Liu J, Fernie AR, Yan J. The Past, Present, and Future of Maize Improvement: Domestication, Genomics, and Functional Genomic Routes toward Crop Enhancement. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100010. [PMID: 33404535 PMCID: PMC7747985 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2019.100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
After being domesticated from teosinte, cultivated maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) spread worldwide and now is one of the most important staple crops. Due to its tremendous phenotypic and genotypic diversity, maize also becomes to be one of the most widely used model plant species for fundamental research, with many important discoveries reported by maize researchers. Here, we provide an overview of the history of maize domestication and key genes controlling major domestication-related traits, review the currently available resources for functional genomics studies in maize, and discuss the functions of most of the maize genes that have been positionally cloned and can be used for crop improvement. Finally, we provide some perspectives on future directions regarding functional genomics research and the breeding of maize and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jianbing Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Corresponding author
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Gaikpa DS, Miedaner T. Genomics-assisted breeding for ear rot resistances and reduced mycotoxin contamination in maize: methods, advances and prospects. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2721-2739. [PMID: 31440772 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Genetic mapping, genomic profiling and bioinformatic approaches were used to identify putative resistance genes for ear rots and low mycotoxin contamination in maize. Genomic selection seems to have good perspectives. Maize is globally an indispensable crop for humans and livestock. About 30% of yield is lost by fungal diseases with Gibberella, Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots (ERs) having a high economic impact in most maize-growing regions of the world. They reduce not only yield, but also contaminate grains with mycotoxins like deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and aflatoxins, respectively. These mycotoxins pose serious health problems to humans and animals. A number of studies have been conducted to dissect the genetic architecture of resistance to these three major ear rots over the past decade. The review concentrates on studies carried out to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes (CG) on the maize genome as well as the application of genomic selection in maize for resistance against Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus. QTL studies by linkage or genome-wide association mapping, omic technologies (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics) and bioinformatics are the methods used in the current studies to propose resistance genes against ear rot pathogens. Though a number of QTL and CG are reported, only a few specific genes were found to directly confer ER resistance in maize. A combination of two or more gene identification methods would provide a more powerful and reliable tool. Genomic selection seems to be promising for ER resistance breeding, but there are only a limited number of studies in this area. A strategy that can accurately validate and predict genotypes with major effect QTL and CG for selection will be worthwhile for practical breeding against ERs and mycotoxin contamination in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sewordor Gaikpa
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Miedaner
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Samayoa LF, Cao A, Santiago R, Malvar RA, Butrón A. Genome-wide association analysis for fumonisin content in maize kernels. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:166. [PMID: 31029090 PMCID: PMC6486958 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant breeding has been proposed as one of the most effective and environmentally safe methods to control fungal infection and to reduce fumonisin accumulation. However, conventional breeding can be hampered by the complex genetic architecture of resistance to fumonisin accumulation and marker-assisted selection is proposed as an efficient alternative. In the current study, GWAS has been performed for the first time for detecting high-resolution QTL for resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels complementing published GWAS results for Fusarium ear rot. RESULTS Thirty-nine SNPs significantly associated with resistance to fumonisin accumulation in maize kernels were found and clustered into 17 QTL. Novel QTLs for fumonisin content would be at bins 3.02, 5.02, 7.05 and 8.07. Genes with annotated functions probably implicated in resistance to pathogens based on previous studies have been highlighted. CONCLUSIONS Breeding approaches to fix favorable functional variants for genes implicated in maize immune response signaling may be especially useful to reduce kernel contamination with fumonisins without significantly interfering in mycelia development and growth and, consequently, in the beneficial endophytic behavior of Fusarium verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. F. Samayoa
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Present address at department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - A. Cao
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Facultad de Biología, Department Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R. Santiago
- Facultad de Biología, Department Biología Vegetal y Ciencias del Suelo, Universidad de Vigo, As Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - R. A. Malvar
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A. Butrón
- Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), Box 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain
- Agrobiología Ambiental, Calidad de Suelos y Plantas (BVE1-UVIGO), Unidad Asociada a la MBG – CSIC, 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
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Septiani P, Lanubile A, Stagnati L, Busconi M, Nelissen H, Pè ME, Dell'Acqua M, Marocco A. Unravelling the genetic basis of Fusarium seedling rot resistance in the MAGIC maize population: novel targets for breeding. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5665. [PMID: 30952942 PMCID: PMC6451006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infection by Fusarium verticillioides is cause of prevalent maize disease leading to substantial reductions in yield and grain quality worldwide. Maize resistance to the fungus may occur at different developmental stages, from seedling to maturity. The breeding of resistant maize genotypes may take advantage of the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for disease resistance already commenced at seedling level. The Multi-parent Advance Generation Intercross (MAGIC) population was used to conduct high-definition QTL mapping for Fusarium seedling rot (FSR) resistance using rolled towel assay. Infection severity level, seedling weight and length were measured on 401 MAGIC maize recombinant inbred lines (RILs). QTL mapping was performed on reconstructed RIL haplotypes. One-fifth of the MAGIC RILs were resistant to FSR and 10 QTL were identified. For FSR, two QTL were detected at 2.8 Mb and 241.8 Mb on chromosome 4, and one QTL at 169.6 Mb on chromosome 5. Transcriptomic and sequencing information generated on the MAGIC founder lines was used to guide the identification of eight candidate genes within the identified FSR QTL. We conclude that the rolled towel assay applied to the MAGIC maize population provides a fast and cost-effective method to identify QTL and candidate genes for early resistance to F. verticillioides in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popi Septiani
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stagnati
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Matteo Busconi
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
- VIB Centre for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, B-9052, Belgium
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Matteo Dell'Acqua
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, 29122, Italy.
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