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Regmi P, Young M, Minigo G, Milic N, Gyawali P. Photoperiod and metabolic health: evidence, mechanism, and implications. Metabolism 2024; 152:155770. [PMID: 38160935 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are evolutionarily programmed biological rhythms that are primarily entrained by the light cycle. Disruption of circadian rhythms is an important risk factor for several metabolic disorders. Photoperiod is defined as total duration of light exposure in a day. With the extended use of indoor/outdoor light, smartphones, television, computers, and social jetlag people are exposed to excessive artificial light at night increasing their photoperiod. Importantly long photoperiod is not limited to any geographical region, season, age, or socioeconomic group, it is pervasive. Long photoperiod is an established disrupter of the circadian rhythm and can induce a range of chronic health conditions including adiposity, altered hormonal signaling and metabolism, premature ageing, and poor psychological health. This review discusses the impact of exposure to long photoperiod on circadian rhythms, metabolic and mental health, hormonal signaling, and ageing and provides a perspective on possible preventive and therapeutic approaches for this pervasive challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Regmi
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Australia.
| | - Morag Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Australia
| | | | - Natalie Milic
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Australia
| | - Prajwal Gyawali
- Centre of Health Research and School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
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Saito R, Otsu M, Kiyosawa H, Kawai G. Expression analysis of box C/D snoRNAs with SNPs between C57BL/6 and MSM/Ms strains in male mouse. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288362. [PMID: 37428787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MSM/Ms mouse derived from the Japanese wild mouse has unique characteristics compared to the widely used C57BL/6 mouse. To examine the usefulness of the MSM/Ms mouse for the comparative genomic analysis, expression of small RNAs were analyzed by the large-scale sequence analysis for two strains of mouse, C57BL/6 and MSM/Ms. As a trial, expression of box C/D snoRNAs, which are the most abundant small RNAs in the cell, were analyzed. By the comparison of the read number for each fragment, 11 snoRNAs with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. One of the snoRNAs, SNORD53, shows the expression only for MSM/Ms and this snoRNA has a mutation in the box sequence in C57BL/6. Thus, it was demonstrated that the proposed experimental system using SNPs can give new insight for the gene expression regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiko Saito
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maina Otsu
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidenori Kiyosawa
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Gota Kawai
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, Japan
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Miyasaka Y, Kobayashi T, Gotoh N, Kuga M, Kobayashi M, Horio F, Hashimoto K, Kawabe T, Ohno T. Neonatal lethality of mouse A/J-7 SM consomic strain is caused by an insertion mutation in the Dchs1 gene. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:32-43. [PMID: 36434174 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Homosomic mice of the A/J-7SM consomic mouse strain that introduced the entire chromosome 7 (Chr 7) of SM/J into the A/J strain exhibited neonatal lethality. We tentatively maintained segregating inbred strains (A/J-7ASM and A/J-7DSM) in which the central portion of Chr 7 was heterozygous for the A/J and SM/J strains, and the centromeric and telomeric sides of Chr 7 were homozygous for the SM/J strain, instead of the A/J-7SM strain. Based on the chromosomal constitution of Chr 7 in A/J-7ASM and A/J-7DSM mice, the causative gene for neonatal lethality in homosomic mice was suggested to be located within an approximately 1.620 Mb region between D7Mit125 (104.879 Mb) and D7Mit355 (106.499 Mb) on Chr 7. RT-PCR analysis revealed that homosomic mice lacked dachsous cadherin-related 1 (Dchs1), which is located within the D7Mit125 to D7Mit355 region and functions in the regulation of planar cell polarity. Screening for mutations in Dchs1 indicated that homosomic mice possessed an early transposable (ETn)-like sequence in intron 1 of Dchs1. Moreover, an allelism test between Dchs1 ETn-like-insertion alleles detected in homosomic mice and CRISPR/Cas9-induced Dchs1 deletion alleles revealed that Dchs1 is a causative gene for neonatal lethality in homosomic mice. Based on these results, we concluded that in the A/J-7SM strain, ETn-like elements were inserted into intron 1 of SM/J-derived Dchs1 during strain development, which dramatically reduced Dchs1 expression, thus resulting in neonatal lethality in homosomic mice. Additionally, it was suggested that the timing of lethality in Dchs1 mutant mice is influenced by the genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Miyasaka
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naoya Gotoh
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masako Kuga
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Misato Kobayashi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57 Takenoyama, Iwasaki-Cho, Nisshin, Aichi, 470-0196, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Horio
- Department of Life Studies and Environmental Science, Nagoya Women's University, 3-40 Shioji-Cho, Mizuho-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8610, Japan
| | - Katsunori Hashimoto
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shubun University, 6 Nikko-Cho, Ichinomiya, Aichi, 491-0938, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawabe
- Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Dikou-Minami, Higashi-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan
| | - Tamio Ohno
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
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Ashton A, Clark J, Fedo J, Sementilli A, Fragoso YD, McCaffery P. Retinoic Acid Signalling in the Pineal Gland Is Conserved across Mammalian Species and Its Transcriptional Activity Is Inhibited by Melatonin. Cells 2023; 12:286. [PMID: 36672220 PMCID: PMC9856906 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The pineal gland is integral to the circadian timing system due to its role in nightly melatonin production. Retinoic acid (RA) is a potent regulator of gene transcription and has previously been found to exhibit diurnal changes in synthesis and signalling in the rat pineal gland. This study investigated the potential for the interaction of these two systems. PCR was used to study gene expression in mouse and human pineal glands, ex-vivo organotypic cultured rat pineal gland and cell lines. The mouse and human pineal glands were both found to express the necessary components required for RA signalling. RA influences the circadian clock in the brain, therefore the short-term effect of RA on clock gene expression was determined in ex vivo rat pineal glands but was not found to rapidly regulate Per1, Per2, Bmal1, or Cry1. The interaction between RA and melatonin was also investigated and, unexpectedly, melatonin was found to suppress the induction of gene transcription by RA. This study demonstrates that pineal expression of the RA signalling system is conserved across mammalian species. There is no short-term regulation of the circadian clock but an inhibitory effect of melatonin on RA transcriptional activity was demonstrated, suggesting that there may be functional cross-talk between these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ashton
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Jason Clark
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Julia Fedo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Angelo Sementilli
- Department of Physiopathology, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos and Centro, Universitario Lusíada, Santos 11050-071, SP, Brazil
| | - Yara D. Fragoso
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
- Department of Post Graduate Studies, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos 11045-002, SP, Brazil
| | - Peter McCaffery
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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Yasuda SP, Miyasaka Y, Hou X, Obara Y, Shitara H, Seki Y, Matsuoka K, Takahashi A, Wakai E, Hibino H, Takada T, Shiroishi T, Kominami R, Kikkawa Y. Two Loci Contribute to Age-Related Hearing Loss Resistance in the Japanese Wild-Derived Inbred MSM/Ms Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092221. [PMID: 36140322 PMCID: PMC9496148 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An MSM/Ms strain was established using Japanese wild mice, which exhibit resistance to several phenotypes associated with aging, such as obesity, inflammation, and tumorigenesis, compared to common inbred mouse strains. MSM/Ms strain is resistant to age-related hearing loss, and their auditory abilities are sustained for long durations. The age-related hearing loss 3 (ahl3) locus contributes to age-related hearing in MSM/Ms strain. We generated ahl3 congenic strains by transferring a genomic region on chromosome 17 from MSM/Ms mice into C57BL/6J mice. Although C57BL/6J mice develop age-related hearing loss because of the ahl allele of the cadherin 23 gene, the development of middle- to high-frequency hearing loss was significantly delayed in an ahl3 congenic strain. Moreover, the novel age-related hearing loss 10 (ahl10) locus associated with age-related hearing resistance in MSM/Ms strain was mapped to chromosome 12. Although the resistance effects in ahl10 congenic strain were slightly weaker than those in ahl3 congenic strain, slow progression of age-related hearing loss was confirmed in ahl10 congenic strain despite harboring the ahl allele of cadherin 23. These results suggest that causative genes and polymorphisms of the ahl3 and ahl10 loci are important targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei P. Yasuda
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyasaka
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Xuehan Hou
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yo Obara
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shitara
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Center for Basic Technology Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuta Seki
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kunie Matsuoka
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Ai Takahashi
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Eri Wakai
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hibino
- Division of Glocal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Takada
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Kominami
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kikkawa
- Deafness Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Imai Y, Tanave A, Matsuyama M, Koide T. Efficient genome editing in wild strains of mice using the i-GONAD method. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13821. [PMID: 35970947 PMCID: PMC9378668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild mouse strains have been used for many research studies, because of the high level of inter-strain genetic and phenotypic variations in them, in addition to the characteristic phenotype maintained from wild mice. However, since application of the current genetic engineering method on wild strains is not easy, there are limited studies that have attempted to apply gene modification techniques in wild strains. Recently, i-GONAD, a new method for genome editing that does not involve any ex vivo manipulation of unfertilized or fertilized eggs has been reported. We applied i-GONAD method for genome editing on a series of wild strains and showed that genome editing is efficiently possible using this method. We successfully made genetically engineered mice in seven out of the nine wild strains. Moreover, we believe that it is still possible to apply milder conditions and improve the efficiencies for the remaining two strains. These results will open avenues for studying the genetic basis of various phenotypes that are characteristic to wild strains. Furthermore, applying i-GONAD will be also useful for other mouse resources in which genetic manipulation is difficult using the method of microinjection into fertilized eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Imai
- grid.288127.60000 0004 0466 9350Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540 Japan
| | - Akira Tanave
- grid.508743.dLaboratory for Mouse Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Makoto Matsuyama
- grid.415729.c0000 0004 0377 284XDivision of Molecular Genetics, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, 701-0202 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan. .,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, 411-8540, Japan.
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Takada T, Fukuta K, Usuda D, Kushida T, Kondo S, Kawamoto S, Yoshiki A, Obata Y, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Noguchi H, Shiroishi T, Masuya H. MoG+: a database of genomic variations across three mouse subspecies for biomedical research. Mamm Genome 2022; 33:31-43. [PMID: 34782917 PMCID: PMC8913468 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09933-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory mouse strains have mosaic genomes derived from at least three major subspecies that are distributed in Eurasia. Here, we describe genomic variations in ten inbred strains: Mus musculus musculus-derived BLG2/Ms, NJL/Ms, CHD/Ms, SWN/Ms, and KJR/Ms; M. m. domesticus-derived PGN2/Ms and BFM/Ms; M. m. castaneus-derived HMI/Ms; and JF1/Ms and MSM/Ms, which were derived from a hybrid between M. m. musculus and M. m. castaneus. These strains were established by Prof. Moriwaki in the 1980s and are collectively named the "Mishima Battery". These strains show large phenotypic variations in body size and in many physiological traits. We resequenced the genomes of the Mishima Battery strains and performed a comparative genomic analysis with dbSNP data. More than 81 million nucleotide coordinates were identified as variant sites due to the large genetic distances among the mouse subspecies; 8,062,070 new SNP sites were detected in this study, and these may underlie the large phenotypic diversity observed in the Mishima Battery. The new information was collected in a reconstructed genome database, termed MoG+ that includes new application software and viewers. MoG+ intuitively visualizes nucleotide variants in genes and intergenic regions, and amino acid substitutions across the three mouse subspecies. We report statistical data from the resequencing and comparative genomic analyses and newly collected phenotype data of the Mishima Battery, and provide a brief description of the functions of MoG+, which provides a searchable and unique data resource of the numerous genomic variations across the three mouse subspecies. The data in MoG+ will be invaluable for research into phenotype-genotype links in diverse mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoyuki Takada
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Fukuta
- Center for Genome Informatics, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Daiki Usuda
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kushida
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Shinji Kondo
- Center for Genome Informatics, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Shoko Kawamoto
- Genetic Informatics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshiki
- Experimental Animal Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Yuichi Obata
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Asao Fujiyama
- Center for Genome Informatics, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hideki Noguchi
- Center for Genome Informatics, Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Masuya
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan.
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Okumura K, Saito M, Isogai E, Tokunaga Y, Hasegawa Y, Araki K, Wakabayashi Y. Functional polymorphism in Pak1-3'UTR alters skin tumor susceptibility by alternative polyadenylation. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2323-2333.e12. [PMID: 35240107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We identified a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1) that is responsible for the Skin tumor modifier of MSM 1a locus. Candidate SNPs in the 3'UTR of Pak1 from resistance strain MSM/Ms were introduced into susceptible strain FVB/N using CRISPR/Cas9. DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis experiments revealed an SNP (Pak1-3'UTR-6C>T: rs31627325) that strongly suppressed skin tumors. Furthermore, Muscleblind-Like Splicing Regulator 1 bound more strongly to FVB-allele (6C/C) and regulated the transcript length in the 3'UTR of Pak1 and tumorigenesis via polyadenylation. Therefore, the alternative polyadenylation of Pak1 is cis-regulated by rs31627325.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Okumura
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2, Nitonacho, Chuouku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Megumi Saito
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2, Nitonacho, Chuouku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Eriko Isogai
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2, Nitonacho, Chuouku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yurika Tokunaga
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2, Nitonacho, Chuouku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Omics Research, Department of Applied Genomics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7, Kazusa-kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1, Honjo, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yuichi Wakabayashi
- Division of Experimental Animal Research, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2, Nitonacho, Chuouku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan.
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Okumura K, Saito M, Wakabayashi Y. A wild-derived inbred mouse strain, MSM/Ms, provides insights into novel skin tumor susceptibility genes. Exp Anim 2021; 70:272-283. [PMID: 33776021 PMCID: PMC8390311 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most catastrophic human genetic diseases. Experimental animal cancer models are essential for gaining insights into the complex
interactions of different cells and genes in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. Mouse models have been extensively used to analyze the genetic basis
of cancer susceptibility. They have led to the identification of multiple loci that confer, either alone or in specific combinations, an increased
susceptibility to cancer, some of which have direct translatability to human cancer. Additionally, wild-derived inbred mouse strains are an advantageous
reservoir of novel genetic polymorphisms of cancer susceptibility genes, because of the evolutionary divergence between wild and classical inbred strains. Here,
we review mapped Stmm (skintumor modifier of MSM) loci using a Japanese wild-derived inbred mouse strain, MSM/Ms, and describe recent advances
in our knowledge of the genes responsible for Stmm loci in the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
(DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) two-stage skin carcinogenesis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Okumura
- Department of Cancer Genome Center, Division of Experimental Animal Research, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitonacho Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Megumi Saito
- Department of Cancer Genome Center, Division of Experimental Animal Research, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitonacho Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yuichi Wakabayashi
- Department of Cancer Genome Center, Division of Experimental Animal Research, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitonacho Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
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The Japanese Wild-Derived Inbred Mouse Strain, MSM/Ms in Cancer Research. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051026. [PMID: 33804471 PMCID: PMC7957744 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MSM/Ms is a unique inbred mouse strain derived from the Japanese wild mouse, Mus musculus molossinus, which has been approximately 1 million years genetically distant from standard inbred mouse strains mainly derived from M. m. domesticus. Due to its genetic divergence, MSM/Ms has been broadly used in linkage studies. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was constructed for the MSM/Ms genome, and sequence analysis of the MSM/Ms genome showed approximately 1% of nucleotides differed from those in the commonly used inbred mouse strain, C57BL/6J. Therefore, MSM/Ms mice are thought to be useful for functional genome studies. MSM/Ms mice show unique characteristics of phenotypes, including its smaller body size, resistance to high-fat-diet-induced diabetes, high locomotive activity, and resistance to age-onset hearing loss, inflammation, and tumorigenesis, which are distinct from those of common inbred mouse strains. Furthermore, ES (Embryonic Stem) cell lines established from MSM/Ms allow the MSM/Ms genome to be genetically manipulated. Therefore, genomic and phenotypic analyses of MSM/Ms reveal novel insights into gene functions that were previously not obtained from research on common laboratory strains. Tumorigenesis-related MSM/Ms-specific genetic traits have been intensively investigated in Japan. Furthermore, radiation-induced thymic lymphomas and chemically-induced skin tumors have been extensively examined using MSM/Ms.
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Mochida K. Development of assisted reproductive technologies in small animal species for their efficient preservation and production. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:299-306. [PMID: 32307339 PMCID: PMC7470897 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2020-033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are widely used in the animal industry, human clinics, and for basic research. In small laboratory animal species such as mice, ARTs are essential for the production of animals for experiments, the preservation of genetic resources, and for the generation of new strains of genetically modified animals. The RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC) is one of the largest repositories of such animal bioresources, and maintains approximately 9,500 strains of mice with a variety of genetic backgrounds. We have sought to devise ARTs specific to the reproductive and physiological characteristics of each strain. Such ARTs include superovulation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), the cryopreservation of embryos and spermatozoa, transportation of cryopreserved materials and embryo transfer (ET). Of these, superovulation likely has the most influence on animal production because it determines the quantity of starting material for other ARTs. Superovulation using anti-inhibin serum combined with estrous synchronization has resulted in approximately a three-fold increase in production efficiency with IVF-ET in the C57BL/6J strain. Wild-derived strains are important as genetically diverse resources for murine rodents (Genus Mus), and many are unique to the BRC. We have also successfully developed ARTs for more than 50 wild-derived strains, which have been cryopreserved for future use. Our work to improve and develop ARTs for mice and other small laboratory species will contribute to the cost-effectiveness of routine operations at repository centers, and to the provision of high quality animals for research use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Mochida
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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12
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Yasuda SP, Seki Y, Suzuki S, Ohshiba Y, Hou X, Matsuoka K, Wada K, Shitara H, Miyasaka Y, Kikkawa Y. c.753A>G genome editing of a Cdh23 ahl allele delays age-related hearing loss and degeneration of cochlear hair cells in C57BL/6J mice. Hear Res 2020; 389:107926. [PMID: 32101784 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
C57BL/6J mice have long been studied as a model of age-related hearing loss (ARHL). In C57BL/6J mice, ARHL begins in the high-frequency range at 3 months of age and spreads toward low frequencies by 10 months of age. We previously confirmed that c.753A>G genome editing of an ahl allele (c.753A) in the cadherin 23 gene (Cdh23) suppressed the onset of ARHL until 12 months of age. We further investigated the hearing phenotypes of the original and genome-edited C57BL/6J-Cdh23+/+ (c.753G/G) mice until 24 months of age. The hearing tests revealed that most of the C57BL/6J mice maintained good hearing levels until 14 months of age following genome editing of a Cdh23ahl allele. However, the hearing levels of the C57BL/6J-Cdh23+/+ mice gradually declined, and severe ARHL developed with increasing age. ARHL in the C57BL/6J mice was correlated with degeneration of the stereocilia in cochlear hair cells. The stereocilia degeneration was rescued in the C57BL/6J-Cdh23+/+ mice at 12 months of age, but the stereocilia bundles exhibited abnormal phenotypes similar to those of the original C57BL/6J mice at more advanced ages. Therefore, genome editing of Cdh23ahl did not completely suppress ARHL in C57BL/6J mice. We also compared the hearing levels of C57BL/6J-Cdh23+/+ mice with those of C3H/HeN and MSM/Ms mice, which carry the Cdh23+ allele. The severity and onset patterns of ARHL in the C57BL/6J-Cdh23+/+ mice differed from those observed in other Cdh23+/+ mice. Therefore, we hypothesize that other susceptible and/or resistant alleles of ARHL exist in the genetic backgrounds of these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei P Yasuda
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuta Seki
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Sari Suzuki
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ohshiba
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Xuehan Hou
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kunie Matsuoka
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kenta Wada
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Graduate School of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 196 Yasaka, Abashiri, Hokkaido, 099-2493, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shitara
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Center for Basic Technology Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyasaka
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Division of Experimental Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kikkawa
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
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13
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Tanave A, Imai Y, Koide T. Nested retrotransposition in the East Asian mouse genome causes the classical nonagouti mutation. Commun Biol 2019; 2:283. [PMID: 31396563 PMCID: PMC6677723 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Black coat color (nonagouti) is a widespread classical mutation in laboratory mouse strains. The intronic insertion of endogenous retrovirus VL30 in the nonagouti (a) allele of agouti gene was previously reported as the cause of the nonagouti phenotype. Here, we report agouti mouse strains from East Asia that carry the VL30 insertion, indicating that VL30 alone does not cause the nonagouti phenotype. We find that a rare type of endogenous retrovirus, β4, was integrated into the VL30 region at the a allele through nested retrotransposition, causing abnormal splicing. Targeted complete deletion of the β4 element restores agouti gene expression and agouti coat color, whereas deletion of β4 except for a single long terminal repeat results in black-and-tan coat color. Phylogenetic analyses show that the a allele and the β4 retrovirus originated from an East Asian mouse lineage most likely related to Japanese fancy mice. These findings reveal the causal mechanism and historic origin of the classical nonagouti mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Tanave
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan
- Present Address: Laboratory for Mouse Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1–3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Yuji Imai
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan
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14
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Poltorak A, Apalko S, Sherbak S. Wild-derived mice: from genetic diversity to variation in immune responses. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:577-584. [PMID: 30056578 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Classical inbred mouse strains have historically been instrumental in mapping immunological traits. However, most of the classical strains originate from a relatively limited number of founder animals, largely within the Mus musculus domesticus subspecies. Therefore, their genetic diversity is ultimately limited. For this reason, it is not feasible to use these mice for exhaustive interrogation of immune signaling pathways. In order to investigate networks through forward genetic analysis, larger genetic diversity is required than is introduced under laboratory conditions. Recently, inbred strains from other mouse subspecies were established such as Mus musculus castaneus and Mus musculus musculus, which diverged from a shared common ancestor with Mus musculus domesticus more than one million years ago. A direct genomic comparison clearly demonstrates the evolutionary divergence that has occurred between wild-derived mice and the classical inbred strains. When compared to classical inbred strains, wild-derived mice exhibit polymorphisms every 100-200 base pairs. Studying the molecular basis of these traits provides us with insight into how the immune system can evolve regulatory features to accommodate environment-specific constraints. Because most wild-derived strains are able to breed with classical inbred mice, they represent a rich source of evolutionarily significant diversity for forward genetic studies. These organisms are an emerging, though still largely unexplored, model for the identification and study of novel immunological genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Poltorak
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. .,Petrozavodsk State University, Karelia, Russian Federation.
| | | | - Sergei Sherbak
- City Hospital, 40, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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15
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Genetic Dissection of Trabecular Bone Structure with Mouse Intersubspecific Consomic Strains. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:3449-3457. [PMID: 28855285 PMCID: PMC5633393 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trabecular bone structure has an important influence on bone strength, but little is known about its genetic regulation. To elucidate the genetic factor(s) regulating trabecular bone structure, we compared the trabecular bone structures of two genetically remote mouse strains, C57BL/6J and Japanese wild mouse-derived MSM/Ms. Phenotyping by X-ray micro-CT revealed that MSM/Ms has structurally more fragile trabecular bone than C57BL/6J. Toward identification of genetic determinants for the difference in fragility of trabecular bone between the two mouse strains, we employed phenotype screening of consomic mouse strains in which each C57BL/6J chromosome is substituted by its counterpart from MSM/Ms. The results showed that many chromosomes affect trabecular bone structure, and that the consomic strain B6-Chr15MSM, carrying MSM/Ms-derived chromosome 15 (Chr15), has the lowest values for the parameters BV/TV, Tb.N, and Conn.D, and the highest values for the parameters Tb.Sp and SMI. Subsequent phenotyping of subconsomic strains for Chr15 mapped four novel trabecular bone structure-related QTL (Tbsq1-4) on mouse Chr15. These results collectively indicate that genetic regulation of trabecular bone structure is highly complex, and that even in the single Chr15, the combined action of the four Tbsqs controls the fragility of trabecular bone. Given that Tbsq4 is syntenic to human Chr 12q12-13.3, where several bone-related SNPs are assigned, further study of Tbsq4 should facilitate our understanding of the genetic regulation of bone formation in humans.
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16
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The parathyroid hormone regulates skin tumour susceptibility in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11208. [PMID: 28894263 PMCID: PMC5593851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a forward genetics approach to map loci in a mouse skin cancer model, we previously identified a genetic locus, Skin tumour modifier of MSM 1 (Stmm1) on chromosome 7, conferring strong tumour resistance. Sub-congenic mapping localized Parathyroid hormone (Pth) in Stmm1b. Here, we report that serum intact-PTH (iPTH) and a genetic polymorphism in Pth are important for skin tumour resistance. We identified higher iPTH levels in sera from cancer-resistant MSM/Ms mice compared with susceptible FVB/NJ mice. Therefore, we performed skin carcinogenesis experiments with MSM-BAC transgenic mice (PthMSM-Tg) and Pth knockout heterozygous mice (Pth+/−). As a result, the higher amounts of iPTH in sera conferred stronger resistance to skin tumours. Furthermore, we found that the coding SNP (rs51104087, Val28Met) localizes in the mouse Pro-PTH encoding region, which is linked to processing efficacy and increased PTH secretion. Finally, we report that PTH increases intracellular calcium in keratinocytes and promotes their terminal differentiation. Taken together, our data suggest that Pth is one of the genes responsible for Stmm1, and serum iPTH could serve as a prevention marker of skin cancer and a target for new therapies.
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17
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Morphofunctional evaluation of the testis, duration of spermatogenesis and spermatogenic efficiency in the Japanese fancy mouse (Mus musculus molossinus). ZYGOTE 2017; 25:498-506. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199417000326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SummaryJapanese fancy mouse, mini mouse or pet mouse are common names used to refer to strains of mice that present with different colour varieties and coat types. Although many genetic studies that involve spotting phenotype based on the coat have been performed in these mice, there are no reports of quantitative data in the literature regarding testis structure and spermatogenic efficiency. Hence, in this study we researched testis function and spermatogenesis in the adult Japanese fancy mouse. The following values of 68 ± 6 mg and 0.94 ± 0.1% were obtained as mean testis weight and gonadosomatic index, respectively. In comparison with other investigated mice strains, the fancy mouse Leydig cell individual size was much smaller, resulting in higher numbers of these cells per gram of testis. As found for laboratory mice strains, as a result of the development of the acrosomic system, 12 stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle have been described in this study. The combined frequencies of pre-meiotic and post-meiotic stages were respectively 24% and 64% and very similar to the laboratory mice. The more differentiated germ cell types marked at 1 h or 9 days after tritiated thymidine administration were preleptotene/leptotene and pachytene spermatocytes at the same stage (VIII). The mean duration of one spermatogenic cycle was 8.8 ± 0.01 days and the total length of spermatogenesis lasted 37.8 ± 0.01 days (4.5 cycles). A high number of germ cell apoptosis was evident during meiosis, resulting in lower Sertoli cell and spermatogenic efficiencies, when compared with laboratory mice strains.
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18
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Matsumoto Y, Goto T, Nishino J, Nakaoka H, Tanave A, Takano-Shimizu T, Mott RF, Koide T. Selective breeding and selection mapping using a novel wild-derived heterogeneous stock of mice revealed two closely-linked loci for tameness. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4607. [PMID: 28676693 PMCID: PMC5496859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tameness is a major behavioral factor for domestication, and can be divided into two potential components: motivation to approach humans (active tameness) and reluctance to avoid humans (passive tameness). We identified genetic loci for active tameness through selective breeding, selection mapping, and association analysis. In previous work using laboratory and wild mouse strains, we found that laboratory strains were predominantly selected for passive tameness but not active tameness during their domestication. To identify genetic regions associated with active tameness, we applied selective breeding over 9 generations for contacting, a behavioural parameter strongly associated with active tameness. The prerequisite for successful selective breeding is high genetic variation in the target population, so we established and used a novel resource, wild-derived heterogeneous stock (WHS) mice from eight wild strains. The mice had genetic variations not present in other outbred mouse populations. Selective breeding of the WHS mice increased the contacting level through the generations. Selection mapping was applied to the selected population using a simulation based on a non-selection model and inferred haplotype data derived from single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We found a genomic signature for selection on chromosome 11 containing two closely linked loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsumoto
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Goto
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Jo Nishino
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakaoka
- Division of Human Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Akira Tanave
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan.,Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Toranomon, Minatoku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan
| | | | - Richard F Mott
- Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan. .,Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan. .,Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Toranomon, Minatoku, Tokyo, 105-0001, Japan.
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19
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CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in wild-derived mice: generation of tamed wild-derived strains by mutation of the a (nonagouti) gene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42476. [PMID: 28195201 PMCID: PMC5307340 DOI: 10.1038/srep42476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-derived mice have contributed to experimental mouse genetics by virtue of their genetic diversity, which may help increase the chance of identifying novel modifier genes responsible for specific phenotypes and diseases. However, gene targeting using wild-derived mice has been unsuccessful because of the unavailability of stable embryonic stem cells. Here, we report that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting can be applied to the Japanese wild-derived MSM/Ms strain (Mus musculus molossinus). We targeted the nonagouti (a) gene encoding the agouti protein that is localized in hair and the brain. We obtained three homozygous knockout mice as founders, all showing black coat colour. While homozygous knockout offspring were physiologically indistinguishable from wild-type litter-mates, they showed specific domesticated behaviours: hypoactivity in the dark phase and a decline in the avoidance of a human hand. These phenotypes were consistent over subsequent generations. Our findings support the empirical hypothesis that nonagouti is a domestication-linked gene, the loss of which might repress aggressive behaviour.
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20
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Miyasaka Y, Shitara H, Suzuki S, Yoshimoto S, Seki Y, Ohshiba Y, Okumura K, Taya C, Tokano H, Kitamura K, Takada T, Hibino H, Shiroishi T, Kominami R, Yonekawa H, Kikkawa Y. Heterozygous mutation of Ush1g/Sans in mice causes early-onset progressive hearing loss, which is recovered by reconstituting the strain-specific mutation in Cdh23. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:2045-2059. [PMID: 26936824 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most clinical reports have suggested that patients with congenital profound hearing loss have recessive mutations in deafness genes, whereas dominant alleles are associated with progressive hearing loss (PHL). Jackson shaker (Ush1gjs) is a mouse model of recessive deafness that exhibits congenital profound deafness caused by the homozygous mutation of Ush1g/Sans on chromosome 11. We found that C57BL/6J-Ush1gjs/+ heterozygous mice exhibited early-onset PHL (ePHL) accompanied by progressive degeneration of stereocilia in the cochlear outer hair cells. Interestingly, ePHL did not develop in mutant mice with the C3H/HeN background, thus suggesting that other genetic factors are required for ePHL development. Therefore, we performed classical genetic analyses and found that the occurrence of ePHL in Ush1gjs/+ mice was associated with an interval in chromosome 10 that contains the cadherin 23 gene (Cdh23), which is also responsible for human deafness. To confirm this mutation effect, we generated C57BL/6J-Ush1gjs/+, Cdh23c.753A/G double-heterozygous mice by using the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Cdh23c.753A>G knock-in method. The Cdh23c.753A/G mice harbored a one-base substitution (A for G), and the homozygous A allele caused moderate hearing loss with aging. Analyses revealed the complete recovery of ePHL and stereocilia degeneration in C57BL/6J-Ush1gjs/+ mice. These results clearly show that the development of ePHL requires at least two mutant alleles of the Ush1g and Cdh23 genes. Our results also suggest that because the SANS and CDH23 proteins form a complex in the stereocilia, the interaction between these proteins may play key roles in the maintenance of stereocilia and the prevention of ePHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Miyasaka
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Hiroshi Shitara
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | | | - Sachi Yoshimoto
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Ohshiba
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Kazuhiro Okumura
- Division of Oncogenomics, Cancer Genome Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba 260-0801, Japan
| | - Choji Taya
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tokano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan and
| | - Ken Kitamura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan and
| | - Toyoyuki Takada
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hibino
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | | | - Hiromichi Yonekawa
- Laboratory for Transgenic Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kikkawa
- Mammalian Genetics Project, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences,
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21
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Myoshu H, Iwasa MA. Polymorphic State of C-Bands in the Japanese House Mice, Mus musculus. CYTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Myoshu
- Course in Natural Environment Studies, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Masahiro A. Iwasa
- Course in Natural Environment Studies, Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
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22
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Kurmyshkina OV, Bogdanova AA, Volkova TO, Poltorak AN. Septic shock: innate molecular genetic mechanisms of the development of generalized inflammation. Russ J Dev Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360415040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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NIG_MoG: a mouse genome navigator for exploring intersubspecific genetic polymorphisms. Mamm Genome 2015; 26:331-7. [PMID: 26013919 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-015-9569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The National Institute of Genetics Mouse Genome database (NIG_MoG; http://molossinus.lab.nig.ac.jp/msmdb/) primarily comprises the whole-genome sequence data of two inbred mouse strains, MSM/Ms and JF1/Ms. These strains were established at NIG and originated from the Japanese subspecies Mus musculus molossinus. NIG_MoG provides visualized genome polymorphism information, browsing single-nucleotide polymorphisms and short insertions and deletions in the genomes of MSM/Ms and JF1/Ms with respect to C57BL/6J (whose genome is predominantly derived from the West European subspecies M. m. domesticus). This allows users, especially wet-lab biologists, to intuitively recognize intersubspecific genome divergence in these mouse strains using visual data. The database also supports the in silico screening of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones that contain genomic DNA from MSM/Ms and the standard classical laboratory strain C57BL/6N. NIG_MoG is thus a valuable navigator for exploring mouse genome polymorphisms and BAC clones that are useful for studies of gene function and regulation based on intersubspecific genome divergence.
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Devising assisted reproductive technologies for wild-derived strains of mice: 37 strains from five subspecies of Mus musculus. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114305. [PMID: 25470728 PMCID: PMC4254977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild-derived mice have long offered invaluable experimental models for mouse genetics because of their high evolutionary divergence from laboratory mice. A number of wild-derived strains are available from the RIKEN BioResource Center (BRC), but they have been maintained as living stocks because of the unavailability of assisted reproductive technology (ART). In this study, we sought to devise ART for 37 wild-derived strains from five subspecies of Mus musculus maintained at the BRC. Superovulation of females was effective (more than 15 oocytes per female) for 34 out of 37 strains by treatment with either equine chorionic gonadotropin or anti-inhibin serum, depending on their genetic background (subspecies). The collected oocytes could be fertilized in vitro at mean rates of 79.0% and 54.6% by the optimized protocol using fresh or frozen-thawed spermatozoa, respectively. They were cryopreserved at the 2-cell stage by vitrification with an ethylene glycol-based solution. In total, 94.6% of cryopreserved embryos survived the vitrification procedure and restored their normal morphology after warming. A conventional embryo transfer protocol could be applied to 25 out of the 35 strains tested. In the remaining 10 strains, live offspring could be obtained by a modified embryo transfer protocol using cyclosporin A treatment and co-transfer of ICR (laboratory mouse strain) embryos. Thus, ART for 37 wild-derived strains was devised successfully and is now routinely used for their preservation and transportation. The information provided here might facilitate broader use and wider distribution of wild-derived mice for biomedical research.
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Takahashi A, Shiroishi T, Koide T. Genetic mapping of escalated aggression in wild-derived mouse strain MSM/Ms: association with serotonin-related genes. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:156. [PMID: 24966813 PMCID: PMC4052355 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese wild-derived mouse strain MSM/Ms (MSM) retains a wide range of traits related to behavioral wildness, including high levels of emotionality and avoidance of humans. In this study, we observed that MSM showed a markedly higher level of aggression than the standard laboratory strain C57BL/6J. Whereas almost all MSM males showed high frequencies of attack bites and pursuit in the resident-intruder test, only a few C57BL/6J males showed aggressive behaviors, with these behaviors observed at only a low frequency. Sexually mature MSM males in their home cages killed their littermates, or sometimes female pair-mates. To study the genetic and neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the escalated aggression observed in MSM mice, we analyzed reciprocal F1 crosses and five consomic strains of MSM (Chr 4, 13, 15, X and Y) against the background of C57BL/6J. We identified two chromosomes, Chr 4 and Chr 15, which were involved in the heightened aggression observed in MSM. These chromosomes had different effects on aggression: whereas MSM Chr 15 increased agitation and initiation of aggressive events, MSM Chr 4 induced a maladaptive level of aggressive behavior. Expression analysis of mRNAs of serotonin receptors, serotonin transporter and Tph2, an enzyme involved in serotonin synthesis in seven brain areas, indicated several differences among MSM, C57BL/6J, and their consomic strains. We found that Tph2 expression in the midbrain was increased in the Chr 4 consomic strain, as well as in MSM, and that there was a strong positive genetic correlation between aggressive behavior and Tph2 expression at the mRNA level. Therefore, it is possible that increased expression of the Tph2 gene is related to escalated aggression observed in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Takahashi
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics (NIG) Mishima, Japan ; Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI Mishima, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI Mishima, Japan ; Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics (NIG) Mishima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics (NIG) Mishima, Japan ; Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI Mishima, Japan
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Segregation of a QTL cluster for home-cage activity using a new mapping method based on regression analysis of congenic mouse strains. Heredity (Edinb) 2014; 113:416-23. [PMID: 24781804 PMCID: PMC4220717 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2014.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies have shown that genetic loci with significant effects in whole-genome quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses were lost or weakened in congenic strains. Characterisation of the genetic basis of this attenuated QTL effect is important to our understanding of the genetic mechanisms of complex traits. We previously found that a consomic strain, B6-Chr6CMSM, which carries chromosome 6 of a wild-derived strain MSM/Ms on the genetic background of C57BL/6J, exhibited lower home-cage activity than C57BL/6J. In the present study, we conducted a composite interval QTL analysis using the F2 mice derived from a cross between C57BL/6J and B6-Chr6CMSM. We found one QTL peak that spans 17.6 Mbp of chromosome 6. A subconsomic strain that covers the entire QTL region also showed lower home-cage activity at the same level as the consomic strain. We developed 15 congenic strains, each of which carries a shorter MSM/Ms-derived chromosomal segment from the subconsomic strain. Given that the results of home-cage activity tests on the congenic strains cannot be explained by a simple single-gene model, we applied regression analysis to segregate the multiple genetic loci. The results revealed three loci (loci 1–3) that have the effect of reducing home-cage activity and one locus (locus 4) that increases activity. We also found that the combination of loci 3 and 4 cancels out the effects of the congenic strains, which indicates the existence of a genetic mechanism related to the loss of QTLs.
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Ishikawa A. Wild mice as bountiful resources of novel genetic variants for quantitative traits. Curr Genomics 2013; 14:225-9. [PMID: 24294103 PMCID: PMC3731813 DOI: 10.2174/1389202911314040001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most traits of biological importance, including traits for human complex diseases (e.g., obesity and diabetes), are continuously distributed. These complex or quantitative traits are controlled by multiple genetic loci called QTLs (quantitative trait loci), environments and their interactions. The laboratory mouse has long been used as a pilot animal model for understanding the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. Next-generation sequencing analyses and genome-wide SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) analyses of mouse genomes have revealed that classical inbred strains commonly used throughout the world are derived from a few fancy mice with limited and non-randomly distributed genetic diversity that occurs in nature and also indicated that their genomes are predominantly Mus musculus domesticus in origin. Many QTLs for a huge variety of traits have so far been discovered from a very limited gene pool of classical inbred strains. However, wild M. musculus mice consisting of five subspecies widely inhabit areas all over the world, and hence a number of novel QTLs may still lie undiscovered in gene pools of the wild mice. Some of the QTLs are expected to improve our understanding of human complex diseases. Using wild M. musculus subspecies in Asia as examples, this review illustrates that wild mice are untapped natural resources for valuable QTL discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Division of Applied Genetics and Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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Goto T, Tanave A, Moriwaki K, Shiroishi T, Koide T. Selection for reluctance to avoid humans during the domestication of mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2013; 12:760-70. [PMID: 24034605 PMCID: PMC4282115 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many animal species have been domesticated over the course of human history and became tame as a result of domestication. Tameness is a behavioral characteristic with 2 potential components: (1) reluctance to avoid humans and (2) motivation to approach humans. However, the specific behavioral characteristics selected during domestication processes remain to be clarified for many species. To quantify these 2 different components of tameness separately, we established 3 behavioral tests: the ‘active tame’, ‘passive tame’ and ‘stay-on-hand’ tests. We subjected genetically diverse mouse strains to these tests, including 10 wild strains (BFM/2Ms, PGN2/Ms, HMI/Ms, BLG2/Ms, NJL/Ms, KJR/Ms, SWN/Ms, CHD/Ms, MSM/Ms and CAST/Ei), a fancy strain (JF1/Ms) and 6 standard laboratory strains (C3H/HeNJcl, CBA/J, BALB/cAnNCrlCrlj, DBA/2JJcl, 129+Ter/SvJcl and C57BL/6JJcl). To analyze the effects of domestication, these 17 strains were divided into 2 groups: domesticated strains (fancy and laboratory strains) and wild strains. Significant differences between strains were observed in all traits, and the calculated estimates of broad-sense heritability were 0.15–0.72. These results illustrate that tameness in mice is significantly influenced by genetic background. In addition, they clearly show the differences in the features of tameness in domesticated and wild strains. Most of the domesticated strains showed significantly greater reluctance to avoid humans than wild strains, whereas there was no significant difference in the level of motivation to approach humans between these 2 groups. These results might help to clarify the genetic basis of tameness in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goto
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka; Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Tokyo
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Takada T, Ebata T, Noguchi H, Keane TM, Adams DJ, Narita T, Shin-I T, Fujisawa H, Toyoda A, Abe K, Obata Y, Sakaki Y, Moriwaki K, Fujiyama A, Kohara Y, Shiroishi T. The ancestor of extant Japanese fancy mice contributed to the mosaic genomes of classical inbred strains. Genome Res 2013; 23:1329-38. [PMID: 23604024 PMCID: PMC3730106 DOI: 10.1101/gr.156497.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Commonly used classical inbred mouse strains have mosaic genomes with sequences from different subspecific origins. Their genomes are derived predominantly from the Western European subspecies Mus musculus domesticus, with the remaining sequences derived mostly from the Japanese subspecies Mus musculus molossinus. However, it remains unknown how this intersubspecific genome introgression occurred during the establishment of classical inbred strains. In this study, we resequenced the genomes of two M. m. molossinus-derived inbred strains, MSM/Ms and JF1/Ms. MSM/Ms originated from Japanese wild mice, and the ancestry of JF1/Ms was originally found in Europe and then transferred to Japan. We compared the characteristics of these sequences to those of the C57BL/6J reference sequence and the recent data sets from the resequencing of 17 inbred strains in the Mouse Genome Project (MGP), and the results unequivocally show that genome introgression from M. m. molossinus into M. m. domesticus provided the primary framework for the mosaic genomes of classical inbred strains. Furthermore, the genomes of C57BL/6J and other classical inbred strains have long consecutive segments with extremely high similarity (>99.998%) to the JF1/Ms strain. In the early 20th century, Japanese waltzing mice with a morphological phenotype resembling that of JF1/Ms mice were often crossed with European fancy mice for early studies of "Mendelism," which suggests that the ancestor of the extant JF1/Ms strain provided the origin of the M. m. molossinus genome in classical inbred strains and largely contributed to its intersubspecific genome diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoyuki Takada
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
- Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Ebata
- Genome Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hideki Noguchi
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Thomas M. Keane
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Adams
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Takanori Narita
- Genome Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Tadasu Shin-I
- Genome Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hironori Fujisawa
- Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
- The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Kuniya Abe
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Yuichi Obata
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sakaki
- Genome Science Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuo Moriwaki
- RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Asao Fujiyama
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yuji Kohara
- Genome Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
- Transdisciplinary Research Integration Center, Research Organization of Information and Systems, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan
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Umemori J, Mori A, Ichiyanagi K, Uno T, Koide T. Identification of both copy number variation-type and constant-type core elements in a large segmental duplication region of the mouse genome. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:455. [PMID: 23834397 PMCID: PMC3722088 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Copy number variation (CNV), an important source of diversity in genomic structure, is frequently found in clusters called CNV regions (CNVRs). CNVRs are strongly associated with segmental duplications (SDs), but the composition of these complex repetitive structures remains unclear. Results We conducted self-comparative-plot analysis of all mouse chromosomes using the high-speed and large-scale-homology search algorithm SHEAP. For eight chromosomes, we identified various types of large SD as tartan-checked patterns within the self-comparative plots. A complex arrangement of diagonal split lines in the self-comparative-plots indicated the presence of large homologous repetitive sequences. We focused on one SD on chromosome 13 (SD13M), and developed SHEPHERD, a stepwise ab initio method, to extract longer repetitive elements and to characterize repetitive structures in this region. Analysis using SHEPHERD showed the existence of 60 core elements, which were expected to be the basic units that form SDs within the repetitive structure of SD13M. The demonstration that sequences homologous to the core elements (>70% homology) covered approximately 90% of the SD13M region indicated that our method can characterize the repetitive structure of SD13M effectively. Core elements were composed largely of fragmented repeats of a previously identified type, such as long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), together with partial genic regions. Comparative genome hybridization array analysis showed that whereas 42 core elements were components of CNVR that varied among mouse strains, 8 did not vary among strains (constant type), and the status of the others could not be determined. The CNV-type core elements contained significantly larger proportions of long terminal repeat (LTR) types of retrotransposon than the constant-type core elements, which had no CNV. The higher divergence rates observed in the CNV-type core elements than in the constant type indicate that the CNV-type core elements have a longer evolutionary history than constant-type core elements in SD13M. Conclusions Our methodology for the identification of repetitive core sequences simplifies characterization of the structures of large SDs and detailed analysis of CNV. The results of detailed structural and quantitative analyses in this study might help to elucidate the biological role of one of the SDs on chromosome 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juzoh Umemori
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
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Gene-trap mutagenesis using Mol/MSM-1 embryonic stem cells from MSM/Ms mice. Mamm Genome 2013; 24:228-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00335-013-9452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nadeau JH, Forejt J, Takada T, Shiroishi T. Chromosome substitution strains: gene discovery, functional analysis, and systems studies. Mamm Genome 2012; 23:693-705. [PMID: 22961226 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-012-9426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory mice are valuable in biomedical research in part because of the extraordinary diversity of genetic resources that are available for studies of complex genetic traits and as models for human biology and disease. Chromosome substitution strains (CSSs) are important in this resource portfolio because of their demonstrated use for gene discovery, genetic and epigenetic studies, functional characterizations, and systems analysis. CSSs are made by replacing a single chromosome in a host strain with the corresponding chromosome from a donor strain. A complete CSS panel involves a total of 22 engineered inbred strains, one for each of the 19 autosomes, one each for the X and Y chromosomes, and one for mitochondria. A genome survey simply involves comparing each phenotype for each of the CSSs with the phenotypes of the host strain. The CSS panels that are available for laboratory mice have been used to dissect a remarkable variety of phenotypes and to characterize an impressive array of disease models. These surveys have revealed considerable phenotypic diversity even among closely related progenitor strains, evidence for strong epistasis and for heritable epigenetic changes. Perhaps most importantly, and presumably because of their unique genetic constitution, CSSs, and congenic strains derived from them, the genetic variants underlying quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are readily identified and functionally characterized. Together these studies show that CSSs are important resource for laboratory mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Nadeau
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA.
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Okumura K, Sato M, Saito M, Miura I, Wakana S, Mao JH, Miyasaka Y, Kominami R, Wakabayashi Y. Independent genetic control of early and late stages of chemically induced skin tumors in a cross of a Japanese wild-derived inbred mouse strain, MSM/Ms. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:2260-8. [PMID: 22843548 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MSM/Ms is an inbred mouse strain derived from a Japanese wild mouse, Mus musculus molossinus. In this study, we showed that MSM/Ms mice exhibit dominant resistance when crossed with susceptible FVB/N mice and subjected to the two-stage skin carcinogenesis protocol using 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)/ 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). A series of F1 backcross mice were generated by crossing p53(+/+) or p53(+/-) F1 (FVB/N × MSM/Ms) males with FVB/N female mice. These generated 228 backcross animals, approximately half of which were p53(+/-), enabling us to search for p53-dependent skin tumor modifier genes. Highly significant linkage for papilloma multiplicity was found on chromosomes 6 and 7 and suggestive linkage was found on chromosomes 3, 5 and 12. Furthermore, in order to identify stage-dependent linkage loci we classified tumors into three categories (<2mm, 2-6mm and >6mm), and did linkage analysis. The same locus on chromosome 7 showed strong linkage in groups with <2mm or 2-6mm papillomas. No linkage was detected on chromosome 7 to papillomas >6mm, but a different locus on chromosome 4 showed strong linkage both to papillomas >6mm and to carcinomas. This locus, which maps near the Cdkn2a/p19(Arf) gene, was entirely p53-dependent, and was not seen in p53 (+/-) backcross animals. Suggestive linkage conferring susceptibility to carcinoma was also found on chromosome 5. These results clearly suggest distinct loci regulate each stage of tumorigenesis, some of which are p53-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Okumura
- Department of Carcinogenesis Research, Division of Experimental Animal Research, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitonacho Chuouku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan
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Hasegawa A, Mochida K, Matoba S, Yonezawa K, Ohta A, Watanabe G, Taya K, Ogura A. Efficient production of offspring from Japanese wild-derived strains of mice (Mus musculus molossinus) by improved assisted reproductive technologies. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:167, 1-7. [PMID: 22337332 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.098491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the genetic diversity of the laboratory mouse (Mus musculus) is very limited, wild-derived strains from this genus could provide invaluable experimental models for studies of mouse genetics and epigenetics such as quantitative trait locus analysis. However, such strains generally show poor reproductive performance under conventional husbandry conditions, so their use for large-scale analyses has been limited. This study was undertaken to devise assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) for the efficient production of offspring in two wild-derived strains, MSM/Ms and JF1/Ms (Mus musculus molossinus). First, as females of these strains are poor responders to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) stimulation, we examined the efficiency of superovulation by injecting anti-inhibin serum followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Approximately four to six times more oocytes were ovulated than with eCG-hCG treatment in both strains, reaching ∼25-30 oocytes per female. Consequently, the procedures for in vitro fertilization using these superovulated oocytes and cryopreservation of embryos and spermatozoa could be optimized for both of the wild-derived strains. However, MSM/Ms embryos but not JF1/Ms embryos failed to develop to term after embryo transfer because of intrauterine death at mid to late gestation. We were able to overcome this obstacle by cotransfer of these embryos with those from laboratory strains combined with treatment of recipient females with an immunosuppressant (cyclosporin A). Thus, a series of ARTs essential for efficient production and preservation of the wild-derived strains were successfully devised. These technologies will facilitate systematic studies of mouse genetics and epigenetics using a wider range of genetic diversity than currently available in the genus Mus.
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Abstract
Breeding of fancy mice has been a tradition in Japan. Recent progress in animal science has shed a new light on Japanese wild-derived mice as tools for discovery of new disease models because these mice, Mus musculus molossinus, are genetically far remote from the majority of available laboratory mice. After decades of effort, five inbred strains of mice have been established from pairs of wild mice trapped in Tohoku, northeastern Japan, namely KOR1/Stm, KOR5/Stm, KOR7/Stm, AIZ/Stm, and MAE/Stm. They carried numerous mutations, leading to a variety of diseases. During the inbreeding of KOR1, the first spontaneous mutation was found in the Apoe (apolipoprotein E) gene, and the mutant was later designated as spontaneous hyperlipidemic (SHL). Thereafter, a number of other mutations were discovered among wild-derived inbred strains, including atopic dermatitis, microphthalmia, dominant white spots, sebaceous gland abnormalities, and audible song-like vocalization. Furthermore, to examine the possible effects of the genetic background for these mutant genes, sets of congenic strains were generated, in which the mutant gene was introduced into at least 3 different strains of laboratory mice, including BALB/c and C57BL/6. These congenic strains have now been established as novel disease models. These wild-derived inbred strains serve as a treasure trove for novel disease models. Most of them have been deposited in the Riken BioResource Center (BRC), and some are also available from commercial breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshibumi Matsushima
- Saitama Cancer Center, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Kitaadachi, Saitama, Japan
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Spiezio SH, Takada T, Shiroishi T, Nadeau JH. Genetic divergence and the genetic architecture of complex traits in chromosome substitution strains of mice. BMC Genet 2012; 13:38. [PMID: 22606935 PMCID: PMC3406986 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-13-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genetic architecture of complex traits strongly influences the consequences of inherited mutations, genetic engineering, environmental and genetic perturbations, and natural and artificial selection. But because most studies are under-powered, the picture of complex traits is often incomplete. Chromosome substitution strains (CSSs) are a unique paradigm for these genome surveys because they enable statistically independent, powerful tests for the phenotypic effects of each chromosome on a uniform inbred genetic background. A previous CSS survey in mice and rats revealed many complex trait genes (QTLs), large phenotypic effects, extensive epistasis, as well as systems properties such as strongly directional phenotypic changes and genetically-determined limits on the range of phenotypic variation. However, the unusually close genetic relation between the CSS progenitor strains in that study raised questions about the impact of genetic divergence: would greater divergence between progenitor strains, with the corresponding changes in gene regulation and protein function, lead to significantly more distinctive phenotypic features, or alternatively would epistasis and systems constraints, which are pervasive in CSSs, limit the range of phenotypic variation regardless of the extent of DNA sequence variation? Results We analyzed results for an extensive survey of traits in two new panels of CSSs where the donor strains were derived from inbred strains with more distant origins and discovered a strong similarity in genetic and systems properties among the three CSS panels, regardless of divergence time. Conclusion Our results argue that DNA sequence differences between host and donor strains did not substantially affect the architecture of complex traits, and suggest instead that strong epistasis buffered the phenotypic effects of genetic divergence, thereby constraining the range of phenotypic variation.
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Kohama C, Kato H, Numata K, Hirose M, Takemasa T, Ogura A, Kiyosawa H. ES cell differentiation system recapitulates the establishment of imprinted gene expression in a cell-type-specific manner. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 21:1391-401. [PMID: 22156770 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a phenomenon whereby monoallelic gene expression occurs in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. A subset of imprinted genes acquires a tissue-specific imprinted status during the course of tissue development, and this process can be analyzed by means of an in vitro differentiation system utilizing embryonic stem (ES) cells. In neurons, the gene Ube3a is expressed from the maternal allele only, and a paternally expressed non-coding, antisense RNA has been implicated in the imprinting process in mice and humans. Here, to study the genomic imprinting mechanism, we established F1 hybrid ES cells derived from two sub-species of Mus musculus and established an in vitro neuronal differentiation system in which neuron-specific imprinting of Ube3a was recapitulated. With this system, we revealed that the switch from biallelic expression to maternal, monoallelic expression of Ube3a occurs late in neuronal development, during the neurite outgrowth period, and that the expression of endogenous antisense transcript from the Ube3a locus is up-regulated several hundred-fold during the same period. Our results suggest that evaluation of the quality of ES cells by studying their differentiation in vitro should include evaluation of epigenetic aspects, such as a comparison with the genomic imprinting status found in tissues in vivo, in addition to the evaluation of differentiation gene markers and morphology. Our F1 hybrid ES cells and in vitro differentiation system will allow researchers to investigate complex end-points such as neuron-specific genomic imprinting, and our F1 hybrid ES cells are a useful resource for other tissue-specific genomic imprinting and epigenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Kohama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Koide T, Ikeda K, Ogasawara M, Shiroishi T, Moriwaki K, Takahashi A. A new twist on behavioral genetics by incorporating wild-derived mouse strains. Exp Anim 2011; 60:347-54. [PMID: 21791874 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.60.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavior has been proven to be extremely variable among human individuals. One of the most important factors for such variations of behavior is genetic diversity. A variety of mouse strains are reportedly suitable animal models for investigating the genetic basis of large individual differences in behavior. Laboratory strains have been shown to exhibit different behavioral traits due to variations in their genetic background. However, they show low-level genetic polymorphism because the original colony used for establishing the strains comprises a relatively small number of mice. Furthermore, because the laboratory strains were derived from fancy mice, they have lost the original behavioral phenotype of wild mice. Therefore, incorporation of inbred strains derived from wild mice of different mouse subspecies for behavioral studies is a marked advantage. In the long-term process of establishing a variety of wild-derived inbred strains from wild mice captured all over the world, a number of strains have been established. We previously identified a marked variety in behavioral traits using a Mishima battery. This review reports on the usefulness of wild-derived strains for genetic analyses of behavioral phenotypes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
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B6-MSM Consomic Mouse Strains Reveal Multiple Loci for Genetic Variation in Sucrose Octaacetate Aversion. Behav Genet 2011; 41:716-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s10519-011-9464-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Numata K, Kohama C, Abe K, Kiyosawa H. Highly parallel SNP genotyping reveals high-resolution landscape of mono-allelic Ube3a expression associated with locus-wide antisense transcription. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 39:2649-57. [PMID: 21131283 PMCID: PMC3074135 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the allele- and strand-specific transcriptional landscape of a megabase-wide genomic region of mouse Ube3a (ubiquitin protein ligase E3A) by means of a highly parallel SNP genotyping platform. We have successfully identified maternal-specific expression of Ube3a and its antisense counterpart (Ube3a-ATS) in brain, but not in liver. Because of the use of inter-subspecies hybrid mice, this megabase-wide analysis provided high-resolution picture of the transcriptional patterns of this region. First, we showed that brain-specific maternal expression of Ube3a is restricted to the second half part of the locus, but is absent from the first half part. Balance of allelic expression is altered in the middle of the locus. Second, we showed that expression of the brain-specific Ube3a-ATS appeared to be terminated in the region upstream to the Ube3a transcription start site. The present study highlights the importance of locus-wide competition between sense and antisense transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Numata
- Technology and Development Team for Mammalian Cellular Dynamics, BioResource Center, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
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Nishi A, Ishii A, Takahashi A, Shiroishi T, Koide T. QTL analysis of measures of mouse home-cage activity using B6/MSM consomic strains. Mamm Genome 2010; 21:477-85. [PMID: 20886216 PMCID: PMC2974199 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-010-9289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The activity of mice in their home cage is influenced greatly by the cycle of light and dark. In addition, home-cage activity shows remarkable time-dependent changes that result in a prominent temporal pattern. The wild-derived mouse strain MSM/Ms (MSM) exhibits higher total activity in the home cage than does C57BL/6 (B6), a commonly used laboratory strain. In addition, there is a clear strain difference in the temporal pattern of home-cage activity. This study aimed to clarify the genetic basis of strain differences in the temporal pattern of home-cage activity between MSM and B6. Through the comparison of temporal patterns of home-cage activity between B6 and MSM, the pattern can be classified into five temporal components: (1) resting phase, (2) anticipation phase, (3) 1st phase, (4) 2nd phase, and (5) 3rd phase. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in these temporal components, we used consomic strains established from crosses between B6 and MSM. Five consomic strains, for Chrs 2T (telomere), 3, 4, 13, and 14, showed significantly higher total activity than B6. In contrast, the consomic strains of Chrs 6C (centromere), 7T, 9, 11, and 15 were less active than B6. This indicates that multigenic factors regulate the total activity. Further analysis showed an impact of QTLs on the temporal components of home-cage activity. The present data showed that each temporal component was regulated by different combinations of multigenic factors, with some overlap. These temporal component-related QTLs are important to understand fully the genetic mechanisms that underlie home-cage activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Nishi
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-0801, Japan
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Genetic variation of melatonin productivity in laboratory mice under domestication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:6412-7. [PMID: 20308563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914399107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a pineal hormone produced at night; however, many strains of laboratory mice are deficient in melatonin. Strangely enough, the gene encoding HIOMT enzyme (also known as ASMT) that catalyzes the last step of melatonin synthesis is still unidentified in the house mouse (Mus musculus) despite the completion of the genome sequence. Here we report the identification of the mouse Hiomt gene, which was mapped to the pseudoautosomal region (PAR) of sex chromosomes. The gene was highly polymorphic, and nonsynonymous SNPs were found in melatonin-deficient strains. In C57BL/6 strain, there are two mutations, both of which markedly reduce protein expression. Mutability of the Hiomt likely due to a high recombination rate in the PAR could be the genomic basis for the high prevalence of melatonin deficiency. To understand the physiologic basis, we examined a wild-derived strain, MSM/Ms, which produced melatonin more under a short-day condition than a long-day condition, accompanied by increased Hiomt expression. We generated F2 intercrosses between MSM/Ms and C57BL/6 strains and N2 backcrosses to investigate the role of melatonin productivity on the physiology of mice. Although there was no apparent effect of melatonin productivity on the circadian behaviors, testis development was significantly promoted in melatonin-deficient mice. Exogenous melatonin also had the antigonadal action in mice of a melatonin-deficient strain. These findings suggest a favorable impact of melatonin deficiency due to Hiomt mutations on domestic mice in breeding colonies.
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Takahashi A, Tomihara K, Shiroishi T, Koide T. Genetic mapping of social interaction behavior in B6/MSM consomic mouse strains. Behav Genet 2009; 40:366-76. [PMID: 19936911 PMCID: PMC2853700 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-009-9312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic studies are indispensable for understanding the mechanisms by which individuals develop differences in social behavior. We report genetic mapping of social interaction behavior using inter-subspecific consomic strains established from MSM/Ms (MSM) and C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Two animals of the same strain and sex, aged 10 weeks, were introduced into a novel open-field for 10 min. Social contact was detected by an automated system when the distance between the centers of the two animals became less than ~12 cm. In addition, detailed behavioral observations were made of the males. The wild-derived mouse strain MSM showed significantly longer social contact as compared to B6. Analysis of the consomic panel identified two chromosomes (Chr 6 and Chr 17) with quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for lengthened social contact in MSM mice and two chromosomes (Chr 9 and Chr X) with QTL that inhibited social contact. Detailed behavioral analysis of males identified four additional chromosomes associated with social interaction behavior. B6 mice that contained Chr 13 from MSM showed more genital grooming and following than the parental B6 strain, whereas the presence of Chr 8 and Chr 12 from MSM resulted in a reduction of those behaviors. Longer social sniffing was observed in Chr 4 consomic strain than in B6 mice. Although the frequency was low, aggressive behavior was observed in a few pairs from consomic strains for Chrs 4, 13, 15 and 17, as well as from MSM. The social interaction test has been used as a model to measure anxiety, but genetic correlation analysis suggested that social interaction involves different aspects of anxiety than are measured by open-field test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Takahashi
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540 Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0193 Japan
- Present Address: Department of Psychology, Tufts University, 530 Boston Avenue (Bacon Hall), Medford, MA 02155 USA
| | - Kazuya Tomihara
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Law, Economics and Humanities, Kagoshima University, Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065 Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shiroishi
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540 Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0193 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Koide
- Mouse Genomics Resource Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540 Japan
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0193 Japan
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Yoshiki A, Ike F, Mekada K, Kitaura Y, Nakata H, Hiraiwa N, Mochida K, Ijuin M, Kadota M, Murakami A, Ogura A, Abe K, Moriwaki K, Obata Y. The mouse resources at the RIKEN BioResource center. Exp Anim 2009; 58:85-96. [PMID: 19448331 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.58.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice are one of the most important model organisms for studying biological phenomena and diseases processes in life sciences. The biomedical research community has succeeded in launching large scale strategic knockout mouse projects around the world. RIKEN BRC, a comprehensive government funded biological resource center was established in 2001. RIKEN BRC has been acting as the core facility for the mouse resources of the National BioResource Project (NBRP) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan since 2002. RIKEN BRC is a founding member of the Federation of International Mouse Resources (FIMRe) together with the Jackson Laboratory, the European Mouse Mutant Archive, and other centers, and has participated in the International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR) to distribute mouse strains worldwide. With the support of the scientific community, RIKEN BRC has collected over 3,800 strains including inbred, transgenic, knockout, wild-derived, and ENU-induced mutant strains. Excellent mouse models for human diseases and gene functions from academic organizations and private companies are distributed through RIKEN BRC. To meet research and social needs, our mice will be rederived to a specific pathogen-free state, strictly monitored for their health, and accurately tested for their genetic modifications and backgrounds. Users can easily access our mouse resources through the internet and obtain the mouse strains for a minimal fee. Cryopreservation of embryos and sperm is used for efficient preservation of the increasing number of mouse resources. RIKEN BRC collaborates with FIMRe members to support Japanese scientists in the use of valuable mouse resources from around the world.
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