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Lopez-Olivo MA, James J, James J, Krause KJ, Roth M, Palos GR, Ma H, Rodriguez A, Gilmore K, Cinciripini P, Suarez-Almazor ME. A systematic review and meta-analysis of e-cigarette use among cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv 2024; 18:1059-1074. [PMID: 36952212 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the use of e-cigarettes among cancer survivors, factors associated with their use, and prevalence of e-cigarette use as a quit attempt. METHODS We searched five electronic databases until June 2022. Two authors independently selected studies, appraised their quality, and collected data. RESULTS Twenty-three publications from eight data sources (national surveys) met our eligibility criteria. The pooled rate of lifetime e-cigarette use among cancer survivors was 15% (95% CI 6-27%); current use was 3% (95% CI 0-8%). Among survivors who currently used traditional cigarettes, 63% (95% CI 57-69%) also used e-cigarettes. The reported rates of weighted lifetime e-cigarette use differed between age groups (18-44 years, up to 46.7%; 45-64, up to 27.2%; ≥65, up to 24.8%). Nine publications reported factors associated with lifetime e-cigarette use (i.e., active use of traditional cigarettes; heavy drinking; poor mental health; younger age; being male, non-Hispanic White, or single; having less than high school education or income ≤$25,000 USD; and living in the South regions of the US or urban areas). E-cigarettes were used as a quit resource by 75% of survivors reporting dual use of electronic and traditional cigarettes (95% CI 63%, 85%). CONCLUSION More than two-thirds of survivors currently using traditional cigarettes also use e-cigarettes. Higher use rates of e-cigarettes were reported among young cancer survivors compared to older survivors. Future studies are needed to assess the impact of e-cigarettes on long-term health and improve screening of smoking behaviors. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Our study provides an overview of the prevalence of e-cigarette use and sociodemographic risk factors associated with e-cigarette use among cancer survivors. The findings can assist providers in supporting attempts to quit among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Lopez-Olivo
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1444, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Justin James
- City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel James
- City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kate J Krause
- Research Medical Library, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Michael Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Guadalupe R Palos
- Office of Cancer Survivorship, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Hilary Ma
- Department of General Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Alma Rodriguez
- Department of Lymphoma-Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Lymphoma-Myeloma, Houston, USA
| | - Katherine Gilmore
- Office of Cancer Survivorship, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Paul Cinciripini
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Maria E Suarez-Almazor
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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Sheikh M, Mukeriya A, Zahed H, Feng X, Robbins HA, Shangina O, Matveev V, Brennan P, Zaridze D. Smoking Cessation After Diagnosis of Kidney Cancer Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Mortality and Cancer Progression: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2747-2755. [PMID: 36989465 PMCID: PMC10414692 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.02472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether postdiagnosis smoking cessation may affect the risk of death and disease progression in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who smoked at the time of diagnosis. METHODS Two hundred twelve patients with primary RCC were recruited between 2007 and 2016 from the Urological Department in N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia. Upon enrollment, a structured questionnaire was completed, and the patients were followed annually through 2020 to repeatedly assess their smoking status and disease progression. Survival probabilities and hazards for all-cause and cancer-specific mortality and disease progression were investigated using extended the Kaplan-Meier method, time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression, and Fine-Gray competing-risk models. RESULTS Patients were followed for a median of 8.2 years. During this time, 110 cases of disease progression, 100 total deaths, and 77 cancer-specific deaths were recorded. Eighty-four patients (40%) quit smoking after diagnosis. The total person-years at risk for this analysis were 748.2 for continuing smoking and 611.2 for quitting smoking periods. At 5 years of follow-up, both overall survival (85% v 61%) and progression-free survival (80% v 57%) rates were higher during the quitting than continuing smoking periods (both P < .001). In the multivariable time-dependent models, quitting smoking was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.85), disease progression (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.71), and cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.93). The beneficial effect of quitting smoking was evident across all subgroups, including light smokers versus moderate-heavy smokers and those with early-stage versus late-stage tumors. CONCLUSION Quitting smoking after RCC diagnosis may significantly improve survival and reduce the risk of disease progression and cancer mortality among patients who smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Sheikh
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Anush Mukeriya
- Department of Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Hana Zahed
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Hilary A. Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Oxana Shangina
- Department of Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Matveev
- Department of Urology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
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Kim Y, Cho WK. Factors associated with successful smoking cessation in men with or without cardiovascular disease or cancer: Nationwide Korean population analysis. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:28. [PMID: 36814694 PMCID: PMC9940122 DOI: 10.18332/tid/159169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to explore factors associated with smoking cessation in male smokers with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer, the two leading causes of death worldwide, and to compare them with quitting factors in smokers without the two diseases. METHODS This is a secondary dataset analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), nationally representative data from 2008-2019 (excluding 2013-2014), and included 12998 men without CVD or cancer (group without CVD or cancer), 1027 men with CVD (CVD group), and 616 men with cancer (cancer group). A Wald test with multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS The quitting success rates in the CVD and cancer groups were consistently higher than those in the group without CVD or cancer. Old age and willpower in the CVD group, and old age and being married in the cancer group were associated with quitting success. Secondhand smoking and methods of quitting other than willpower were related to quitting failure in both groups. When interaction effects between the groups were examined, household income was the only factor associated with successful cessation in the group without CVD or cancer (AOR=1.17, 1.18, and 1.40, among the second, third, and fourth highest income quartiles, respectively; p for interaction=0.023). Higher smoking amounts (AOR=0.85; p<0.001) and poor health perception (AOR=0.64; p=0.035) were associated with quitting failure in the group without CVD or cancer. However, no significant factor was detected related to smoking cessation in both the CVD and cancer groups when the interaction effect was investigated. CONCLUSIONS The quitting success rates in the CVD and cancer groups were higher, but no disease-specific quitting factors were identified. Therefore, being diagnosed with CVD or cancer itself could be inferred as a motive for quitting smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngmee Kim
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- International Healthcare Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Hawari FI, Abu Alhalawa MA, Alshraiedeh RH, Al Nawaiseh AM, Khamis A, Dodin YI, Obeidat NA. Supporting Smokers in Difficult Settings: Suggestions for Better Education and Counseling in Cancer Centers in Jordan. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:9335-9348. [PMID: 36547146 PMCID: PMC9776699 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29120732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Continued smoking in cancer patients is commonly observed in Jordan. In a country that exhibits some of the highest smoking rates globally, enhancing patient education regarding the value of smoking cessation for cancer care is vital. The objectives of our study were to describe sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with continued smoking in Jordanian smokers after a cancer diagnosis; to identify reasons for smoking and knowledge regarding smoking's impact on care; to examine in a multivariable manner the factors associated with continued smoking, and to accordingly generate patient counseling recommendations. An interviewer-administered survey using the Theoretical Domains Framework was employed. Among 350 subjects (mean age 51.0, median 52.7), approximately 38% of patients had quit or were in the process of quitting; 61.7% remained smokers. Substantial knowledge gaps with regard to the impact of continued smoking on cancer care were observed. Remaining a smoker after diagnosis was associated with being employed, not receiving chemotherapy or surgery, having lower confidence in quitting, and having a lower number of identified reasons for smoking. Interventions to promote cessation in Jordanian cancer patients who smoke should focus on enhancing patient awareness about the impact of smoking in cancer care and raising perceived self-efficacy to quit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras I. Hawari
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | | | - Rasha H. Alshraiedeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan
- Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman11941, Jordan
| | - Ahmad M. Al Nawaiseh
- Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman11941, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan
| | - Alia Khamis
- Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman11941, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan
| | - Yasmeen I. Dodin
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Nour A. Obeidat
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +962-6-5300460 (ext. 2204); Fax: +962-6-5345567
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Health behavior changes and mortality among South Korean cancer survivors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16011. [PMID: 36163240 PMCID: PMC9513084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the rapid growth in the number of cancer survivors, the successful management of their health behaviors requires further attention. However, there are lack of information about cancer survivors’ health behaviors and the risk of mortality using Korean cohort data. This study aimed to examine the effects of health behavior changes on mortality among cancer survivors and to develop a validated nomogram. This cohort study was conducted using claims data. Data from adult cancer survivors from the National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort, conducted between 2002 and 2015, were included. Individuals who were alive for five years after their cancer diagnosis were defined as cancer survivors. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to estimate the target associations. Discrimination (Harrell’s C-index) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow test) were employed to validate the nomogram. Data from 9300 cancer survivors were used for analysis. Compared to non-smokers, those who started or quit smoking had a higher risk of all-cause mortality. Those who were physically inactive had a higher risk of all-cause mortality than those who were continuously active. In the nomogram, the C-index value was 0.79 in the training data and 0.81 in the testing data. Hosmer–Lemeshow test was not significant, demonstrating a good fit. We found that individuals with unhealthy behaviors had a higher risk of mortality, thereby highlighting the importance of managing health behaviors among cancer survivors. The development of a validated nomogram may provide useful insights regarding official policies and existing practices in healthcare systems, which would benefit cancer survivors. Our study could provide the evidence to inform the priority of guideline for managing the health behavior among cancer survivors.
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Hawari FI, Abu Alhalawa MA, Alshrideh RH, Al Nawaiseh AM, Khamis A, Dodin YI, Obeidat NA. Cessation experiences and quitting perspectives of Jordanian cancer patients who smoke. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 79:102207. [PMID: 35759876 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe quitting experiences of cancer patients in a Cancer Center in Jordan; to study patients' perceptions regarding the process of smoking cessation; and to provide insights about patients in this difficult setting in order to inform oncology practitioners with regards to how improve perceptions and skills related to quitting. METHODS An Arabic cross-sectional questionnaire was developed to evaluate smoking and quitting behaviors in the context of cancer. The tool used as its framework the Theoretical Domains Framework to capture quitting perceptions of cancer patients who smoke, as well as social, environmental, and system-level factors that influence quitting. Eligible patients who were treated at the Center (both in-patient and out-patient settings) and who were current smokers or who smoked up to the time of cancer diagnosis were eligible. Patients were interviewed between July, 2018 and January 2020 using two versions of the questionnaire: an 'ex-smokers' version, and a 'current smokers' version. RESULTS Only a third of subjects (104/350) had been smoke-free for at least 30 days. Both smokers and ex-smokers generally felt that quitting was important, but mean importance and confidence scores (out of 10) were significantly lower in current smokers (8.2 versus 9.1, p-value=0.002; 6.4 versus 8.7, p-value=0.000). Roughly 31% of subjects believed smoking harms were exaggerated and that smoking was not an addiction. About 62% of subjects agreed quitting required skills, and 78.5% felt the steps to quit were clear, but across several listed strategies for quitting, use of these was limited (even in ex-smokers). Among current smokers, roughly a third exhibited forms of cessation fatigue. CONCLUSION Jordanian cancer patients who smoke present with limited knowledge about the quitting process. Even when some success is observed, low rates of utilization of specific quitting strategies were observed, highlighting the need for better counseling about quitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras I Hawari
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | | | - Rasha H Alshrideh
- Pharmacy Student, University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan; Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Ahmad M Al Nawaiseh
- Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; Medical Student, University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan
| | - Alia Khamis
- Volunteer Research Program at King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan; Medical Student, University of Jordan, Amman 11972, Jordan
| | - Yasmeen I Dodin
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan
| | - Nour A Obeidat
- Cancer Control Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan.
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The impact of having a relative or a friend with cancer on person's modifiable cancer-related risk factors. Ir J Med Sci 2022:10.1007/s11845-022-03073-z. [PMID: 35739359 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that targeting cancer-related modifiable risk factors is the best way to fight cancer. Behavioral and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the burden of cancer. AIMS We aim to assess the impact of having a relative/friend with cancer on the number of cancer-related modifiable risk factors a participant might have. METHODS A survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted at King Hussein Cancer Center from June 2020 until July 2020. The survey was distributed via social media platforms, where we targeted adults who have never been diagnosed with cancer. We asked about modifiable cancer-related risk factors and compared between participants with and without relatives or friends with cancer. RESULTS A total of 1486 participants were considered for analysis, with a mean age of 30.62 (SD 11.19) years. Participants who had a relative with cancer had a mean of 0.31 (p = 0.007; 95% CI: 0.08-0.54) fewer risk factors, with smoking and extra sun exposure were significantly lower among participants with a cancer relative. No significant difference in modifiable risk factors was found between participants with a friend who have cancer and those who do not (p = 0.193). CONCLUSION People who have relatives with cancer had less modifiable risk factors, which might reflect on their willingness to modify their cancer-related risk factors.
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Antwi GO, Lohrmann DK, Jayawardene W, Chow A, Obeng CS, Sayegh AM. Associations between Cigarette Smoking and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adult Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:508-516. [PMID: 32728997 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-020-01837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional, secondary data analysis examines the association between cigarette smoking and self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer. Pooled data for survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer (N = 1495) were drawn from the 2016 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey. Binary logistic regression models were utilized to examine independent associations between each of the four HRQoL domains (i.e., self-related general health, activity limitation days, poor physical, and mental health days) and cigarette smoking. Of the 1495 Adolescent and Young Adult Onset Cancer Survivors (AYAO-CS) in this study, approximately 30% reported currently smoking cigarettes. Relative to never smokers, the odds of reporting fair/poor general health were significantly higher for current and former smokers: (OR = 3.95, 95% CI: 2.08-7.50) and (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.46-4.32), respectively. Likewise, current smokers were significantly more likely to report frequent days of poor physical health (OR = 2.79, 95% CI: 1.38-5.65). The study findings suggest a significant cross-sectional association between cigarette smoking and poor health-related quality of life in adult survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer. These findings, although cross-sectional, underscore the need for prospective studies to examine the longitudinal association between HRQoL and cigarette smoking among cancer survivors. Findings also help establish both the need for smoking cessation programs and the importance of effective strategies for addressing HRQoL issues among cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfred O Antwi
- Department of Public Health and Health Education, The College at Brockport, State University of New York, Brockport, NY, 14420, USA.
| | - David K Lohrmann
- Department of Applied Heath Science, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Wasantha Jayawardene
- Department of Applied Heath Science, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Institute for Research on Addictive Behavior, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Angela Chow
- Department of Applied Heath Science, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Cecilia S Obeng
- Department of Applied Heath Science, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Aaron M Sayegh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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9
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Effect of nicotine, low nicotine, and e-cigarette beliefs on cigarette and e-cigarette use in the US population and cancer survivors. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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10
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Fiore MC, Baker TB, Nolan MB, Emamekhoo H. Providing cessation treatment to every oncology patient who smokes: An essential component of cancer care. Cancer 2021; 128:1162-1164. [PMID: 34875104 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Fiore
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Timothy B Baker
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Margaret B Nolan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Hamid Emamekhoo
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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Cheon SW, Park SG, Yoo SM, Kim HE, Kim HJ. Trend in Prevalence of Smoking and Motivation to Quit among Korean Adult Male Cancer Survivors over the Last 8 Years: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-VII (2010-2017). Korean J Fam Med 2021; 42:281-287. [PMID: 34320795 PMCID: PMC8321906 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.19.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate trends in the prevalence of current smokers and motivation to quit among Korean male cancer survivors. Methods Out of 20,012 men who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010–2012), VI (2013–2015), and VII (2016–2017), 742 cancer survivors were included. A cancer survivor was defined as a person who concurred to the item, “The cancer has been diagnosed by a doctor” in the health questionnaire. Smoking status was classified as current, former, and never smokers. Regarding motivation to quit smoking, we defined those who had a willingness to quit within 6 months as the willing group. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine trends in the prevalence of current smokers and the proportion of the willing group among current smokers. Results Overall, 3.7% of Korean men who participated in the study were cancer survivors. Current smokers constituted 19.5%, 19.1%, and 15.3% of cancer survivors in phases V, VI, and VII respectively which did not show significant changes (P for trend=0.33). However, the proportion of current smokers in the non-cancer group was significantly reduced to 46.6%, 41.2%, and 38.9% in phases V, VI, and VII, respectively (P for trend <0.001). The proportion of those with a motivation to quit smoking did not show a significant trend in the cancer survivors (P for trend=0.964) and non-cancer group (P for trend=0.884). Conclusion Prevalence of current smokers and motivation to quit in Korean male cancer survivors did not show significant trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Cheon
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Seung Guk Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sun Mi Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyo Eun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Giuliani M, Brual J, Eng L, Liu G, Papadakos T, Giannopoulos E, Papadakos J. Investigating the Smoking Cessation Informational Needs of Cancer Patients and Informal Caregivers. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2020; 35:954-964. [PMID: 31119706 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-019-01547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Continued smoking at the time of a cancer diagnosis can severely impact the efficacy of cancer patient treatment and survival. The time of diagnosis can serve as a "teachable moment" for smoking cessation education, since patients may be receptive to discussions about quitting. Caregivers may have a pivotal role in supporting patients with their cessation efforts. The purpose of this study was to identify the smoking cessation informational needs of cancer patients and their caregivers. A needs assessment survey was administered to both patients and caregivers that assessed information needs across five domains: (1) General Information and Support; (2) Smoking, Health and Disease; (3) Relationships; (4) Testimonials; (5) Interventions. Mean importance scores were determined based on the proportion of respondents who ranked how important individual items were within the broader domains. Forty patients and twenty-two caregivers completed the survey. Among patients, the mean age was 61 years, with 35% diagnosed with a head and neck malignancy and 62% reporting as current smokers. Among caregivers, the mean age was 58 years, with 81% reporting to be the patient's immediate family member and 50% as current smokers. The General Information and Support domain was rated as the most important domain for both cancer patients and caregivers. The top preferred modality for receiving smoking cessation education across all domains was pamphlets for both groups. This study identifies the key informational elements that should be considered in the development of smoking cessation resources to meet the informational needs of cancer patients and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Giuliani
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 585 University Ave, Munk Building B-PMB 130, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Room 5-978A, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P5, Canada.
| | - Janette Brual
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 585 University Ave, Munk Building B-PMB 130, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lawson Eng
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Tina Papadakos
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 585 University Ave, Munk Building B-PMB 130, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Patient Education, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Eleni Giannopoulos
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 585 University Ave, Munk Building B-PMB 130, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Janet Papadakos
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 585 University Ave, Munk Building B-PMB 130, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
- Patient Education, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management & Evaluation, University of Toronto, 4th Floor, 155 College St, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M6, Canada
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13
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Talluri R, Fokom Domgue J, Gritz ER, Shete S. Assessment of Trends in Cigarette Smoking Cessation After Cancer Diagnosis Among US Adults, 2000 to 2017. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2012164. [PMID: 32744630 PMCID: PMC7399749 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Continued cigarette smoking after cancer diagnosis has been shown to adversely alter the cancer survivor's health outcomes and quality of life. Although considerable progress has been made in reducing cigarette smoking in the United States over the last decades, trends in cigarette smoking cessation among cancer survivors have not yet been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate temporal trends in cigarette smoking cessation and their sociodemographic and behavioral correlates in the US population of adult cancer survivors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This investigation was a serial cross-sectional study of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) from 2006 to 2018, a household survey of civilian US residents who were 18 years or older. Data analysis was performed from June to October 2019. The NHIS is population based and representative of the US population. Included in this study were 381 989 respondents to the NHIS in 2006 to 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the probability of quitting cigarette smoking after first cancer diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were factors associated with quitting cigarette smoking after cancer diagnosis. RESULTS Data on 381 989 adults (weighted N = 239 114 051; mean [SD] age, 48.96 [18.28] years; 211 508 [55.37%] female; 61.90% non-Hispanic White, 13.97% non-Hispanic Black, and 16.22% Hispanic individuals) 18 years or older were analyzed from the 2006 to 2018 NHIS, of whom 8.80% (n = 35 524; weighted n = 21 016 720) were diagnosed with cancer. Among cancer survivors diagnosed between 2000 and 2017, the age-adjusted prevalence of current cigarette smoking at the time of first cancer diagnosis was 24.45% (n = 4054; weighted n = 2 395 173). The probability of reporting a cigarette smoking cessation event after first cancer diagnosis statistically significantly increased with each year of cancer diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08), indicating upward trends in the prevalence of quitting cigarette smoking over time. Older individuals (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03), individuals diagnosed as having a smoking-related cancer (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06-1.54), individuals with an undergraduate degree (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.08-1.79) or a postgraduate degree (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.18-2.20), and individuals with obesity (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.06-1.63) had a higher probability of reporting a cigarette smoking cessation event after cancer diagnosis, whereas individuals living below the poverty level (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.48-0.81) had a lower probability of reporting a cigarette smoking cessation event after cancer diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this nationally representative survey of the US adult population, the likelihood of cigarette smoking cessation among cancer survivors increased with the year of cancer diagnosis from 2000 to 2017; however, the improvement is incremental, and the prevalence of smoking remained high among this population. Considering the projected increase in the population of cancer survivors in the United States, urgent action is needed to increase cigarette smoking cessation rates in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Talluri
- Department of Data Science, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson
| | - Joël Fokom Domgue
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Ellen R. Gritz
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
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14
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Supporting cancer patients quit smoking: the initial evaluation of our tobacco cessation intervention program. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396919000451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:Tobacco is a known addictive consumer product and its use has been reported to be associated with several health problems as well as the leading cause of premature, preventable mortality worldwide. For patients undergoing cancer treatment, tobacco smoking can potentially compromise treatment effectiveness; however, there is sufficient evidence suggesting numerous health benefits of smoking cessation interventions for cancer patients.Methods:The Grand River Regional Cancer Centre (GRRCC) smoking cessation program began in October 2013 to provide evidence-based intensive tobacco intervention to patients. All new patients are screened for tobacco use and those identified as active smokers are advised of the benefits of cessation and offered referral to the program where a cessation nurse offers counseling. Patients’ disease site, initial cessation goal, quit date, number of quit attempts and mode of contact are collected by the cessation nurse. This study reports on the initial evaluation of the smoking cessation program activities at GRRCC.Results:There are 1,210 patients who were screened, accepted a referral and counseled in the program. The referral pattern shows a modest increase every year and most of the patients (58%) indicated readiness to quit smoking. Overall, 29 and 26% of patients either quit or cut-back smoking, respectively. Among 348 patients who quit smoking, 300 (86%) were able to quit at the first attempt. The data indicated that 309 (44%) out of the 698 patients who indicated their initial intent to quit smoking were able to quit, whereas about 242 (35%) were able to cutback. A total of 15 patients out of 32 who indicated initial readiness to ‘cutback’ smoking were able to reduce tobacco use and three patients actually ended up quitting, although their initial goal was ‘ready-to-cut-back’.Conclusions:GRRCC smoking cessation program started in October 2013 to provide evidence-based intensive smoking cessation interventions for patients with cancer. Most patients referred to the program indicated a readiness to quit smoking affirming that if patients become aware of the various risks associated with continual smoking or if they are informed of the benefits associated with cessation with regard to their treatment, they will be more likely to decide to quit. Therefore, it is essential that patients, their partners and families are counseled on the health and treatment benefits of smoking cessation and sustainable programs should be available to support them to quit smoking. It is imperative then, that oncology programs should consistently identify and document the smoking status of cancer patients and support those who use tobacco at the time of diagnosis to quit. Evidence-based smoking cessation intervention should be sustainably integrated into the cancer care continuum in all oncology programs from prevention of cancer through diagnosis, treatment, survivorship and palliative care.
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15
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Abstract
Tobacco smoking accounts for at least 30% of all cancer deaths and nearly 90% of lung cancer deaths. Smoking cessation significantly reduces the risk of developing tobacco-related malignancies. Smoking after cancer diagnosis is also associated with multiple risks, including worse tolerance of treatment, higher risk of a failure and second primary tumors, and poorer quality of life. Apart from disease site and stage, continued smoking is considered the strongest adverse predictor of survival in cancer patients. However, the benefits of smoking cessation are undervalued: many patients are not aware of harms related to continued tobacco use after cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, health care professionals often do not encourage their patients to quit, and do not provide tobacco cessation assistance for continuing tobacco users. Despite the apparent impact of tobacco use on treatment outcomes, data on current smoking status is only rarely captured in clinical trials This article reviews the most important clinical aspects of smoking after the diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Jassem
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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16
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Zhang R, Chen L, Cao L, Li KJ, Huang Y, Luan XQ, Li G. Effects of smoking on the lower respiratory tract microbiome in mice. Respir Res 2018; 19:253. [PMID: 30547792 PMCID: PMC6295055 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies break with traditional opinion that the lower respiratory tract is sterile, and increasingly focus on the lung microbiome and disease. Smoking, as an important etiology of inflammatory lung disease, was considered as a factor influencing lung microbiome variations in our study, and we aimed to study the effect of smoking on inflammation and microbial diversity and community. METHODS Forty male mice were selected and randomly divided into a smoking and a non-smoking group. Mice in the smoking group were exposed to smoke smog for 2 h/day for 90 days. Blood and lung tissues were obtained after the experiment, and ELISA was used to measure interleukin-6 and C reactive protein concentrations. 16S rRNA gene quantification and sequencing technology were used to compare microbial diversity and community between the two groups. SAS 9.1 and R software were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Thirty-six mice survived, and the weight of the smoking group increased more slowly than that of the non-smoking group. Denser inflammation and congestion were observed in the lungs of the smoking mice compared with the non-smoking group Higher microbial diversity was observed in the smoking group, and Enterobacter, Acidimicrobiales_norank, and Caulobacteraceae_Unclassified genus were significantly more abundant in the non-smoking group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Smoking altered microbial diversities and communities in the lower respiratory tract of mice. Microbial variation should be considered in future studies focusing on smoking-induced inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Ling Chen
- The Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331 China
| | - Lei Cao
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Kang-jie Li
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yao Huang
- First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Xiao-qian Luan
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Ge Li
- The Center of Experimental Teaching Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331 China
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