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Gok M, Cicek C, Bodur E. Butyrylcholinesterase in lipid metabolism: A new outlook. J Neurochem 2024; 168:381-385. [PMID: 37129444 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholinesterase enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are traditionally associated with the termination of acetylcholine mediated neural signaling. The fact that these ubiquitous enzymes are also found in tissues not involved in neurotransmission has led to search for alternative functions for these enzymes. Cholinesterases are reported to be involved in many lipid related disease states. Taking into view that lipases and cholinesterases belong to the same enzyme class and by comparing the catalytic sites, we propose a new outlook on the link between BChE and lipid metabolism. The lipogenic substrates of BChE that have recently emerged in contrast to traditional cholinesterase substrates are explained through the hydrolytic capacity of BChE for ghrelin, 4-methyumbelliferyl (4-mu) palmitate, and arachidonoylcholine and through endogenous lipid mediators such as cannabinoids like anandamide and essential fatty acids. The abundance of BChE in brain, intestine, liver, and plasma, tissues with active lipid metabolism, supports the idea that BChE may be involved in lipid hydrolysis. BChE is also regulated by various lipids such as linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid or dioctanoylglycerol, whereas AChE is inhibited. The finding that BChE is able to hydrolyze 4-mu palmitate at a pH where lipases are less efficient points to its role as a backup in lipolysis. In diseases such as Alzheimer, in which elevated BChE and impaired lipid levels are observed, the lipolytic activity of BChE might be involved. It is possible to suggest that fatty acids such as 4-mu palmitate, ghrelin, arachidonoylcholine, essential fatty acids, and other related lipid mediators regulate cholinesterases, which could lead to some sort of compensatory mechanism at high lipid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muslum Gok
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Bodur
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Xiao H, Yin D, Du L, Li G, Lin J, Fang C, Shen S, Xiao G, Fang R. Effects of pork sausage on intestinal microecology and metabolism in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3413-3427. [PMID: 38111159 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processed meat, as an important part of the human diet, has been recognized as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Although numerous epidemiological reports supported the IARC's view, the relevant evidence of a direct association between processed meat and carcinogenicity has been insufficient and the mechanism has been unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of pork sausage (as a representative example of processed meat) intake on gut microbial communities and metabolites of mice. Microbial communities and metabolites from all groups were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), respectively. RESULTS The levels of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Lactobacillus, Prevotella_9, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Blautia, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Allobaculum, Helicobacter, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 and Streptococcus (P < 0.05) were obviously altered in the mice fed a pork sausage diet. Twenty-seven metabolites from intestinal content samples and fourteen matabolites from whole blood samples were identified as potential biomarkers from multivariate analysis, including Phosphatidic acid (PA), Sphingomyelin (SM), Lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), Diglyceride (DG), D-maltose, N-acylamides and so forth. The significant changes in these biomarkers demonstrate metabonomic variations in pork sausage treated rats, especially carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The present study provided evidence that a processed meat diet can increase the risk of colorectal cancer and other diseases significantly by altering the microbial community structure and disrupting the body's metabolic pathways. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhan Yin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lidan Du
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaotian Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Fang
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaolin Shen
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Institute of Measurement for Quality and Technique Supervision, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongnian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Pfluger BA, Giunta A, Calvimontes DM, Lamb MM, Delgado-Zapata R, Ramakrishnan U, Ryan EP. Pilot Study of Heat-Stabilized Rice Bran Acceptability in Households of Rural Southwest Guatemala and Estimates of Fiber, Protein, and Micro-Nutrient Intakes among Mothers and Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:460. [PMID: 38337744 PMCID: PMC10856929 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrient-dense, acceptable foods are needed in low-resource settings. Rice bran, a global staple byproduct of white rice processing, is rich in amino acids, fibers, and vitamins, when compared to other cereal brans. This pilot study examines the nutritional contribution of rice bran to the daily diets of mother-child pairs in rural southwest Guatemala. Thirty households were screened. Mothers (≥18 years) and children (6 to 24 months) completed 24 h dietary recalls at baseline and after 12 weeks (endline) for diet intake and diversity analyses. During biweekly visits for 12 weeks, households with <5 members received 14 packets containing 60 g of heat-stabilized rice bran, and those with ≥5 members received 28 packets. The macro- and micro-nutrient contributions of rice bran and whole, cooked black beans were included in dietary simulation models with average intakes established between the recalls and for comparison with dietary reference intakes (DRIs). A baseline child food frequency questionnaire was administered. The 27 mothers and 23 children with complete recalls were included in analyses. Daily maternal consumption of 10 g/d of rice bran plus 100 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the fiber, protein, magnesium, niacin, potassium, and thiamin DRIs. Daily child consumption of 3 g/d of rice bran plus 10 g/d of black beans resulted in all achieving at least 50% of the magnesium, niacin, phosphorous, and thiamine DRIs. For 15/17 food categories, male children had a higher intake frequency, notably for animal-source foods and coffee. Dietary rice bran coupled with black beans could improve nutritional adequacy, especially for fiber and key micro-nutrients, with broader implications for addressing maternal and child malnutrition in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte A. Pfluger
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Alexis Giunta
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Diva M. Calvimontes
- Center for Human Development, Fundacion para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, FUNSALUD, Coatepeque 09020, Quetzaltenango, Guatemala;
- Departament of Pediatrics, Center for Global Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
| | - Molly M. Lamb
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Roberto Delgado-Zapata
- Center for Global Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.M.L.); (R.D.-Z.)
- Department of Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Usha Ramakrishnan
- Doctoral Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Naja K, Anwardeen N, Al-Hariri M, Al Thani AA, Elrayess MA. Pharmacometabolomic Approach to Investigate the Response to Metformin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2164. [PMID: 37626661 PMCID: PMC10452592 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin constitutes the foundation therapy in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite its multiple beneficial effects and widespread use, there is considerable inter-individual variability in response to metformin. Our objective is to identify metabolic signatures associated with poor and good responses to metformin, which may improve our ability to predict outcomes for metformin treatment. In this cross-sectional study, clinical and metabolic data for 119 patients with type 2 diabetes taking metformin were collected from the Qatar Biobank. Patients were empirically dichotomized according to their HbA1C levels into good and poor responders. Differences in the level of metabolites between these two groups were compared using orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and linear models. Good responders showed increased levels of sphingomyelins, acylcholines, and glutathione metabolites. On the other hand, poor responders showed increased levels of metabolites resulting from glucose metabolism and gut microbiota metabolites. The results of this study have the potential to increase our knowledge of patient response variability to metformin and carry significant implications for enabling personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Naja
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
| | - Najeha Anwardeen
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
| | | | - Asmaa A. Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
- QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Mohamed A. Elrayess
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (K.N.); (N.A.); (A.A.A.T.)
- QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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Weber AM, Ibrahim H, Baxter BA, Kumar R, Maurya AK, Kumar D, Agarwal R, Raina K, Ryan EP. Integrated Microbiota and Metabolite Changes following Rice Bran Intake during Murine Inflammatory Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer and in Colorectal Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2231. [PMID: 37190160 PMCID: PMC10136752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary rice bran-mediated inhibition of colon carcinogenesis was demonstrated previously for carcinogen-induced rodent models via multiple anti-cancer mechanisms. This study investigated the role of dietary rice bran-mediated changes to fecal microbiota and metabolites over the time course of colon carcinogenesis and compared murine fecal metabolites to human stool metabolic profiles following rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors (NCT01929122). Forty adult male BALB/c mice were subjected to azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis and randomized to control AIN93M (n = 20) or diets containing 10% w/w heat-stabilized rice bran (n = 20). Feces were serially collected for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics. Fecal microbiota richness and diversity was increased in mice and humans with dietary rice bran treatment. Key drivers of differential bacterial abundances from rice bran intake in mice included Akkermansia, Lactococcus, Lachnospiraceae, and Eubacterium xylanophilum. Murine fecal metabolomics revealed 592 biochemical identities with notable changes to fatty acids, phenolics, and vitamins. Monoacylglycerols, dihydroferulate, 2-hydroxyhippurate (salicylurate), ferulic acid 4-sulfate, and vitamin B6 and E isomers significantly differed between rice bran- and control-fed mice. The kinetics of murine metabolic changes by the host and gut microbiome following rice bran consumption complemented changes observed in humans for apigenin, N-acetylhistamine, and ethylmalonate in feces. Increased enterolactone abundance is a novel diet-driven microbial metabolite fecal biomarker following rice bran consumption in mice and humans from this study. Dietary rice bran bioactivity via gut microbiome metabolism in mice and humans contributes to protection against colorectal cancer. The findings from this study provide compelling support for rice bran in clinical and public health guidelines for colorectal cancer prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika M. Weber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Bridget A. Baxter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Robin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Akhilendra K. Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver—Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Hill EB, Baxter BA, Pfluger B, Slaughter CK, Beale M, Smith HV, Stromberg SS, Tipton M, Ibrahim H, Rao S, Leach H, Ryan EP. Plasma, urine, and stool metabolites in response to dietary rice bran and navy bean supplementation in adults at high-risk for colorectal cancer. FRONTIERS IN GASTROENTEROLOGY (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 2:1087056. [PMID: 38469373 PMCID: PMC10927265 DOI: 10.3389/fgstr.2023.1087056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Dietary intake of whole grains and legumes and adequate physical activity (PA) have been associated with reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. A single-blinded, two-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial was implemented to evaluate the impact of a 12-week dietary intervention of rice bran + navy bean supplementation and PA education on metabolite profiles and the gut microbiome among individuals at high risk of CRC. Methods Adults (n=20) were randomized 1:1 to dietary intervention or control. All participants received PA education at baseline. Sixteen study foods were prepared with either heat-stabilized rice bran + navy bean powder or Fibersol®-2 as a placebo. Intervention participants consumed 30 g rice bran + 30 g navy bean powder daily; those in the control group consumed 10 g placebo daily. Non-targeted metabolite profiling was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to evaluate plasma, urine, and stool at 0, 6, and 12 weeks. Stool was also analyzed for primary and secondary bile acids (BAs) and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by UPLC-MS/MS and microbial community structure via 16S amplicon sequencing. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare differences between groups for metabolites, and mixed models were used to compare differences between groups for BAs, SCFAs, and alpha and beta diversity measures of microbial community structure. Results Across biological matrices, the intervention resulted in changes to several amino acid and lipid metabolites, compared to control. There was a 2.33-fold difference in plasma (p<0.001) and a 3.33-fold difference in urine (p=0.008) for the amino acid S-methylcysteine at 12 weeks. Fold-differences to 4-methoxyphenol sulfate in plasma and urine after 6 and 12 weeks (p<0.001) was a novel result from this combined rice bran and navy bean intervention in people. A 2.98-fold difference in plasma (p=0.002) and a 17.74-fold difference in stool (p=0.026) was observed for the lipid octadecenedioylcarnitine at 12 weeks. For stool BAs, 3-oxocholic acid was increased at 12 weeks compared to control within a subset of individuals (mean difference 16.2 ug/uL, p=0.022). No significant differences were observed between groups for stool SCFAs or microbial community structure. Discussion Dietary intake of rice bran + navy beans demonstrates beneficial modulation of host and gut microbial metabolism and represents a practical and affordable means of increasing adherence to national guidelines for CRC control and prevention in a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Bridget A. Baxter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Brigitte Pfluger
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Caroline K. Slaughter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Melanie Beale
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hillary V. Smith
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sophia S. Stromberg
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Madison Tipton
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Heather Leach
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Baxter BA, Li KJ, Zarei I, Yao L, Rao S, Ryan EP. Nontargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Identifies Dietary Exposure Biomarkers for Navy Bean and Rice Bran Consumption in Children and Adults. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14531-14543. [PMID: 36318603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dietary exposure biomarkers are needed for advancing knowledge on healthy foods. This study examined biomarkers for navy beans and rice bran in children and adults. Plasma, urine, stool, and study foods from dietary intervention studies were analyzed by metabolomics. A total of 38 children and 49 adults were assessed after consuming navy beans and/or rice bran for 2-, 4-, 6-, or 12 weeks. From the 138-175 metabolites modulated by diet, 11 were targeted for quantification. Trigonelline and pipecolate concentrations increased in children and adult plasma after 4 weeks compared to baseline. Increased xanthurenate (46%) was observed in children plasma after rice bran intake for 4 weeks. Study foods with navy beans had higher S-methylcysteine compared to control and supported the increased urine S-methylcysteine sulfoxide. Nontargeted metabolomics was moderately effective to identify target molecules as candidate biomarkers. Study limitations include interindividual metabolite variations before diet intervention. Validation is warranted using cross-over designs and larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Baxter
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Katherine J Li
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Iman Zarei
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Linxing Yao
- Analytical Resources Core─Bioanalysis and Omics, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 United States
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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Kumar R, Maurya AK, Parker KD, Kant R, Ibrahim H, Kabir MI, Kumar D, Weber AM, Agarwal R, Kuhn KA, Ryan EP, Raina K. Gender-based effect of absence of gut microbiota on the protective efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum-fermented rice bran diet against inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:941-957. [PMID: 35856887 PMCID: PMC9474629 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary rice bran (RB) has shown capacity to influence metabolism by modulation of gut microbiota in individuals at risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), which warranted attention for delineating mechanisms for bidirectional influences and cross-feeding between the host and RB-modified gut microbiota to reduce CRC. Accordingly, in the present study, fermented rice bran (FRB, fermented with a RB responsive microbe Bifidobacterium longum), and non-fermented RB were fed as 10% w/w (diet) to gut microbiota-intactspf or germ-free micegf to investigate comparative efficacy against inflammation-associated azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced CRC. Results indicated both microbiota-dependent and independent mechanisms for RB meditated protective efficacy against CRC that was associated with reduced neoplastic lesion size and local-mucosal/systemic inflammation, and restoration of colonic epithelial integrity. Enrichment of beneficial commensals (such as, Clostridiales, Blautia, Roseburia), phenolic metabolites (benzoate and catechol metabolism), and dietary components (ferulic acid-4 sulfate, trigonelline, and salicylate) were correlated with anti-CRC efficacy. Germ-free studies revealed gender-specific physiological variables could differentially impact CRC growth and progression. In the germ-free females, the RB dietary treatment showed a ∼72% reduction in the incidence of colonic epithelial erosion when compared to the ∼40% reduction in FRB-fed micegf . Ex vivo fermentation of RB did not parallel the localized-protective benefits of gut microbial metabolism by RB in damaged colonic tissues. Findings from this study suggest potential needs for safety considerations of fermented fiber rich foods as dietary strategies against severe inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis (particularly with severe damage to the colonic epithelium).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Akhilendra K Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristopher D Parker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middle Georgia State University, Cochran, GA, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Md Imtiazul Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Annika M Weber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Kang JW, Tang X, Walton CJ, Brown MJ, Brewer RA, Maddela RL, Zheng JJ, Agus JK, Zivkovic AM. Multi-Omic Analyses Reveal Bifidogenic Effect and Metabolomic Shifts in Healthy Human Cohort Supplemented With a Prebiotic Dietary Fiber Blend. Front Nutr 2022; 9:908534. [PMID: 35782954 PMCID: PMC9248813 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.908534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber, a nutrient derived mainly from whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes, is known to confer a number of health benefits, yet most Americans consume less than half of the daily recommended amount. Convenience and affordability are key factors determining the ability of individuals to incorporate fiber-rich foods into their diet, and many Americans struggle to access, afford, and prepare foods rich in fiber. The objective of this clinical study was to test the changes in microbial community composition, human metabolomics, and general health markers of a convenient, easy to use prebiotic supplement in generally healthy young participants consuming a diet low in fiber. Twenty healthy adults participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study which was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03785860. During the study participants consumed 12 g of a prebiotic fiber supplement and 12 g of placebo daily as a powder mixed with water as part of their habitual diet in randomized order for 4 weeks, with a 4-week washout between treatment arms. Fecal microbial DNA was extracted and sequenced by shallow shotgun sequencing on an Illumina NovaSeq. Plasma metabolites were detected using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry with untargeted analysis. The phylum Actinobacteria, genus Bifidobacterium, and several Bifidobacterium species (B. bifidum, B. adolescentis, B. breve, B. catenulatum, and B. longum) significantly increased after prebiotic supplementation when compared to the placebo. The abundance of genes associated with the utilization of the prebiotic fiber ingredients (sacA, xfp, xpk) and the production of acetate (poxB, ackA) significantly changed with prebiotic supplementation. Additionally, the abundance of genes associated with the prebiotic utilization (xfp, xpk), acetate production (ackA), and choline to betaine oxidation (gbsB) were significantly correlated with changes in the abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium in the prebiotic group. Plasma concentrations of the bacterially produced metabolite indolepropionate significantly increased. The results of this study demonstrate that an easy to consume, low dose (12 g) of a prebiotic powder taken daily increases the abundance of beneficial bifidobacteria and the production of health-promoting bacteria-derived metabolites in healthy individuals with a habitual low-fiber diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea Woo Kang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Mark J. Brown
- USANA Health Sciences, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | | | | | - Jack Jingyuan Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Joanne K. Agus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Angela M. Zivkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Angela M. Zivkovic
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10
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Kinchen JM, Mohney RP, Pappan KL. Long-Chain Acylcholines Link Butyrylcholinesterase to Regulation of Non-neuronal Cholinergic Signaling. J Proteome Res 2021; 21:599-611. [PMID: 34758617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acylcholines are comprised of an acyl chain esterified to a choline moiety; acetylcholine is the best-characterized member of this class, functioning as a neurotransmitter in the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as an inhibitor of cytokine production by macrophages and other innate immune cells. Acylcholines are metabolized by a class of cholinesterases, including acetylcholinesterase (a specific regulator of acetylcholine levels) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, an enigmatic enzyme whose function has not been resolved by genetic knockout models). BChE provides reserve capacity to hydrolyze acetylcholine, but its importance is arguable given acetylcholinesterase is the most catalytically efficient enzyme characterized to date. While known to be substrates of BChE in vitro, endogenous production of long-chain acylcholines is a recent discovery enabled by untargeted metabolomics. Compared to acetylcholine, long-chain acylcholines show greater stability in circulation with homeostatic levels-dictated by synthesis and clearance-suggested to impact cholinergic receptor sensitivity of acetylcholine with varying levels of antagonism. Acylcholines then provide a link between BChE and non-neuronal acetylcholine signaling, filling a gap in understanding around how imbalances between acylcholines and BChE could modulate inflammatory disease, such as the "cytokine storm" identified in severe COVID-19. Areas for further research, development, and clinical testing are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Kinchen
- Owlstone Medical Inc., 600 Park Office Drive, Suite 140, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Robert P Mohney
- Owlstone Medical Inc., 600 Park Office Drive, Suite 140, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Kirk L Pappan
- Owlstone Medical Inc., 600 Park Office Drive, Suite 140, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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11
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Zambrana LE, Weber AM, Borresen EC, Zarei I, Perez J, Perez C, Rodríguez I, Becker-Dreps S, Yuan L, Vilchez S, Ryan EP. Daily Rice Bran Consumption for 6 Months Influences Serum Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 and Metabolite Profiles without Differences in Trace Elements and Heavy Metals in Weaning Nicaraguan Infants at 12 Months of Age. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab101. [PMID: 34514286 PMCID: PMC8421236 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is associated with chronic gut inflammation affecting nutrient absorption and development of children, primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Several studies have shown that rice bran (RB) supplementation provides nutrients and modulates gut inflammation, which may reduce risk for undernutrition. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the effect of daily RB dietary supplementation for 6 mo on serum biomarkers in weaning infants and associated changes in serum and stool metabolites. METHODS A 6-mo randomized-controlled dietary intervention was conducted in a cohort of weaning 6-mo-old infants in León, Nicaragua. Anthropometric indices were obtained at 6, 8, and 12 mo. Serum and stool ionomics and metabolomics were completed at the end of the 6-mo intervention using inductively coupled plasma MS and ultra-high performance LC-tandem MS. The ɑ1-acid glycoprotein, C-reactive protein, and glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) serum EED biomarkers were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Twenty-four infants in the control group and 23 in the RB group successfully completed the 6-mo dietary intervention with 90% dietary compliance. RB participants had higher concentrations of GLP-2 as compared with control participants at 12 mo [median (IQR): 743.53 (380.54) pg/mL vs. 592.50 (223.59) pg/mL; P = 0.04]. Metabolite profiles showed significant fold differences of 39 serum metabolites and 44 stool metabolites from infants consuming RB compared with control, and with significant metabolic pathway enrichment scores of 4.7 for the tryptophan metabolic pathway, 5.7 for polyamine metabolism, and 5.7 for the fatty acid/acylcholine metabolic pathway in the RB group. No differences were detected in serum and stool trace elements or heavy metals following daily RB intake for 6 mo. CONCLUSIONS RB consumption influences a suite of metabolites associated with growth promotion and development, while also supporting nutrient absorption as measured by changes in serum GLP-2 in Nicaraguan infants. This clinical trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02615886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E Zambrana
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua
| | - Annika M Weber
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Erica C Borresen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Iman Zarei
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Johann Perez
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua
| | - Claudia Perez
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua
| | - Iker Rodríguez
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Biotic Products Development Center, National Polytechnic Institute, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Sylvia Becker-Dreps
- Departments of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Samuel Vilchez
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León (UNAN-León), León, Nicaragua
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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12
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Leach HJ, Baxter BA, Beale MN, Smith HV, Rao S, Hibbs-Shipp S, Ryan EP. Feasibility of Beans/Bran Enriching Nutritional Eating For Intestinal Health & Cancer Including Activity for Longevity: A Pilot Trial to Improve Healthy Lifestyles among Individuals at High Risk for Colorectal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420967101. [PMID: 33111581 PMCID: PMC7786415 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420967101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Examine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a lifestyle intervention of rice bran plus navy bean supplementation, and physical activity (PA) education on intake of fiber and whole grains, and PA levels. Design: Randomized-controlled, single-blinded. Setting: Academic institution and free-living. Subjects: Adults >18 years, with ≥1 adenomatous polyp removed within 3 years. Intervention: Participants received powder and pre-prepared meals and snacks that contained either rice bran (30 g/day) plus navy bean (30 g/day), or Fibersol-2® (10 g/day), for 12-weeks. All participants received a 1-hour (PA) education session. Measures: Feasibility was assessed by recruitment and retention rates, and compliance to the study foods and procedures. Three-day food logs were analyzed using Nutritionist Pro™ to estimate fiber intake, and the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour (ASA24®) Dietary Assessment Tool calculated Healthy Eating Index (HEI) whole grain and total scores. PA was measured using an ActivPAL™ accelerometer. Analysis: Continuous data were summarized as median, range, and percent change from baseline to post-intervention. Results: N = 20 (86.9%) completed the intervention. Compliance was 92% in the rice bran plus navy bean versus 89% in Fibersol-2®. Navy bean consumption increased from 2 g/day to 30 g/day, and rice bran from 0 g/day to 30 g/day. Fiber intake (g/day) increased by 73% versus 82%, HEI whole grain improved by 270% versus 37%, and HEI total improved by 10% versus 9.1% in rice bran plus navy bean and Fibersol-2®, respectively. Total PA (MET-hours/day) showed minimal change for intervention (+0.04%) and control (+4%). Conclusion: Findings merit a larger trial of rice bran plus navy bean and PA to evaluate efficacy for dietary and cancer prevention-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Leach
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, CO, USA.,Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Bridget A Baxter
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Melanie N Beale
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Hillary V Smith
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, CO, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Sarah Hibbs-Shipp
- Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, CO, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Radiological Sciences, Colorado State University, CO, USA
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13
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Azoxymethane Alters the Plasma Metabolome to a Greater Extent in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet Compared to an AIN-93 Diet. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11070448. [PMID: 34357342 PMCID: PMC8307161 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) links obesity to colon cancer in humans. Our data show that a HFD (45% energy fat versus 16% energy fat in an AIN-93 diet (AIN)) promotes azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation in a mouse cancer model. However, the underlying metabolic basis remains to be determined. In the present study, we hypothesize that AOM treatment results in different plasma metabolomic responses in diet-induced obese mice. An untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on the plasma samples by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). We found that 53 of 144 identified metabolites were different between the 4 groups of mice (AIN, AIN + AOM, HFD, HFD + AOM), and sparse partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed a separation between the HFD and HFD + AOM groups but not the AIN and AIN + AOM groups. Moreover, the concentrations of dihydrocholesterol and cholesterol were inversely associated with AOM-induced colonic ACF formation. Functional pathway analyses indicated that diets and AOM-induced colonic ACF modulated five metabolic pathways. Collectively, in addition to differential plasma metabolomic responses, AOM treatment decreases dihydrocholesterol and cholesterol levels and alters the composition of plasma metabolome to a greater extent in mice fed a HFD compared to the AIN.
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14
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Santos MCB, Barouh N, Durand E, Baréa B, Robert M, Micard V, Lullien-Pellerin V, Villeneuve P, Cameron LC, Ryan EP, Ferreira MSL, Bourlieu-Lacanal C. Metabolomics of Pigmented Rice Coproducts Applying Conventional or Deep Eutectic Extraction Solvents Reveal a Potential Antioxidant Source for Human Nutrition. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020110. [PMID: 33671946 PMCID: PMC7919034 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice bran (RB) corresponds to the outer layers of whole grain rice and contains several phenolic compounds (PCs) that make it an interesting functional food ingredient. PC richness is enhanced in pigmented RB varieties and requires effective ways of extraction of these compounds. Therefore, we investigated conventional and deep eutectic solvents (DES) extraction methods to recover a wide array of PCs from red and black RB. The RB were extracted with ethanol/water (60:40, v/v) and two DES (choline chloride/1.2-propanediol/water, 1:1:1 and choline chloride/lactic acid, 1:10, mole ratios), based on Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) components. Besides the quantification of the most typical phenolic acids of cereals, nontargeted metabolomic approaches were applied to PCs profiling in the extracts. Globally, metabolomics revealed 89 PCs belonging to flavonoids (52%), phenolic acids (33%), other polyphenols (8%), lignans (6%) and stilbenes (1%) classes. All extracts, whatever the solvents, were highly concentrated in the main phenolic acids found in cereals (37–66 mg/100 g in black RB extracts vs. 6–20 mg/100 g in red RB extracts). However, the PC profile was highly dependent on the extraction solvent and specific PCs were extracted using the acidic DES. The PC-enriched DES extracts demonstrated interesting DPPH scavenging activity, which makes them candidates for novel antioxidant formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millena Cristina Barros Santos
- LabBio, Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, PPGAN, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil;
- IMasS-LBP, Center of Innovation in MS-Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil;
| | - Nathalie Barouh
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | - Erwann Durand
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | - Bruno Baréa
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | - Mélina Robert
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | - Valérie Micard
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | | | - Pierre Villeneuve
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
| | - Luiz Claudio Cameron
- IMasS-LBP, Center of Innovation in MS-Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil;
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- LabBio, Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, PPGAN, Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil;
- IMasS-LBP, Center of Innovation in MS-Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (M.S.L.F.); (C.B.-L.); Tel.: +55-21-25427269 (M.S.L.F.); +33-(0)-4-67-61-49-77 (C.B.-L.)
| | - Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal
- CIRAD, UMR IATE, 34398 Montpellier, France; (N.B.); (E.D.); (B.B.); (M.R.); (P.V.)
- IATE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34000 Montpellier, France; (V.M.); (V.L.-P.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.L.F.); (C.B.-L.); Tel.: +55-21-25427269 (M.S.L.F.); +33-(0)-4-67-61-49-77 (C.B.-L.)
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15
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Parker KD, Maurya AK, Ibrahim H, Rao S, Hove PR, Kumar D, Kant R, Raina B, Agarwal R, Kuhn KA, Raina K, Ryan EP. Dietary Rice Bran-Modified Human Gut Microbial Consortia Confers Protection against Colon Carcinogenesis Following Fecal Transfaunation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020144. [PMID: 33546192 PMCID: PMC7913285 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, removed from whole grain rice for white rice milling, has demonstrated efficacy for the control and suppression of colitis and colon cancer in multiple animal models. Dietary rice bran intake was shown to modify human stool metabolites as a result of modifications to metabolism by gut microbiota. In this study, human stool microbiota from colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors that consumed rice bran daily was examined by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for protection from azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced colon carcinogenesis in germ-free mice. Mice transfaunated with rice bran-modified microbiota communities (RMC) harbored fewer neoplastic lesions in the colon and displayed distinct enrichment of Flavonifractor and Oscillibacter associated with colon health, and the depletion of Parabacteroides distasonis correlated with increased tumor burden. Two anti-cancer metabolites, myristoylcarnitine and palmitoylcarnitine were increased in the colon of RMC transplanted mice. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and tartarate that are implicated in CRC development were reduced in murine colon tissue after FMT with rice bran-modified human microbiota. Findings from this study show that rice bran modified gut microbiota from humans confers protection from colon carcinogenesis in mice and suggests integrated dietary-FMT intervention strategies should be tested for colorectal cancer control, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher D. Parker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Akhilendra K. Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Petronella R. Hove
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Bupinder Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (E.P.R.); Tel.: +1-970-491-1536 (E.P.R.)
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (E.P.R.); Tel.: +1-970-491-1536 (E.P.R.)
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16
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Kou F, Zhu B, Zhou W, Lv C, Cheng Y, Wei H. Targeted metabolomics reveals dynamic portrayal of amino acids and derivatives in triple-negative breast cancer cells and culture media. Mol Omics 2020; 17:142-152. [PMID: 33295912 DOI: 10.1039/d0mo00126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is well-known for its metastatic aggressiveness and poor survival prognosis, accounting for nearly a quarter of cases in breast cancer. We performed intra- and extra-cellular profiling of 40 amino acids and derivatives on three cell lines and their culture media, including TNBC, non-TNBC and normal breast epithelial cells, using HILIC-MS/MS. Characteristic metabolic alteration of amino acids and derivatives was observed in TNBC cells, compared to non-TNBC cells, especially in correlated intra- and extra-cellular metabolic pathways. Intra-cellularly, quantified glutamic acid, β-alanine, aspartic acid, glutathione, N-acetyl-serine and N-acetyl-methionine were most significantly increased (>2-fold, p < 0.01 and VIP > 1) in TNBC cells. Extra-cellularly, significantly increased uptake of glutamine, serine, β-alanine, and lysine and elevated excretion of glutamic acid and l-cysteine-glutathione (p < 0.01 and VIP > 1) were observed by TNBC cells from or to their cell culture media. This study depicted a novel dynamic portrayal of metabolic dysregulation between TNBC and non-TNBC cells, correlated in both intra- and extra-cellular amino acid profiles. Quantification of these distinctive metabolites of TNBC cells might offer advanced understanding and new treatment targets for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Kou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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17
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Akimov MG, Dudina PV, Fomina-Ageeva EV, Gretskaya NM, Bosaya AA, Rudakova EV, Makhaeva GF, Kagarlitsky GO, Eremin SA, Tsetlin VI, Bezuglov VV. Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Arachidonoyl Choline, Its Bis-Quaternized Analogues and Other Acylcholines. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2020; 491:93-97. [PMID: 32483760 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672920020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity and protective effect in the toxicity model of H2O2 were studied for arachidonic (AA-CHOL), docosahexaenoic (DHA-CHOL), linoleic (Ln-CHOL), and oleic (Ol-CHOL) fatty acids, as well as arachidonoyl dicholine (AA-diCHOL) and O-arachidonoyl bistetramethylaminoisopropanol (ABTAP). AA-CHOL, DHA-CHOL and Ln-CHOL provided a 20% increase in cell survival. AA-CHOL, AA-diCHOL, Ol-CHOL, and ABTAP had a radical-scavenging effect in the ABTS test, approximately equal to the activity of a standard radical scavenger Trolox.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Akimov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - P V Dudina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Fomina-Ageeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - N M Gretskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Bosaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia
| | - G F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, Russia
| | | | - S A Eremin
- Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Bezuglov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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Akimov MG, Kudryavtsev DS, Kryukova EV, Fomina-Ageeva EV, Zakharov SS, Gretskaya NM, Zinchenko GN, Serkov IV, Makhaeva GF, Boltneva NP, Kovaleva NV, Serebryakova OG, Lushchekina SV, Palikov VA, Palikova Y, Dyachenko IA, Kasheverov IE, Tsetlin VI, Bezuglov VV. Arachidonoylcholine and Other Unsaturated Long-Chain Acylcholines Are Endogenous Modulators of the Acetylcholine Signaling System. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E283. [PMID: 32059521 PMCID: PMC7072677 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholines acylated with unsaturated fatty acids are a recently discovered family of endogenous lipids. However, the data on the biological activity of acylcholines remain very limited. We hypothesized that acylcholines containing residues of arachidonic (AA-CHOL), oleic (Ol-CHOL), linoleic (Ln-CHOL), and docosahexaenoic (DHA-CHOL) acids act as modulators of the acetylcholine signaling system. In the radioligand binding assay, acylcholines showed inhibition in the micromolar range of both α7 neuronal nAChR overexpressed in GH4C1 cells and muscle type nAChR from Torpedo californica, as well as Lymnaea stagnalis acetylcholine binding protein. Functional response was checked in two cell lines endogenously expressing α7 nAChR. In SH-SY5Y cells, these compounds did not induce Ca2+ rise, but inhibited the acetylcholine-evoked Ca2+ rise with IC50 9 to 12 μM. In the A549 lung cancer cells, where α7 nAChR activation stimulates proliferation, Ol-CHOL, Ln-CHOL, and AA-CHOL dose-dependently decreased cell viability by up to 45%. AA-CHOL inhibited human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by a mixed type mechanism with Ki = 16.7 ± 1.5 μM and αKi = 51.4 ± 4.1 μM for AChE and Ki = 70.5 ± 6.3 μM and αKi = 214 ± 17 μM for BChE, being a weak substrate of the last enzyme only, agrees with molecular docking results. Thus, long-chain unsaturated acylcholines could be viewed as endogenous modulators of the acetylcholine signaling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G. Akimov
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Denis S. Kudryavtsev
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Kryukova
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Elena V. Fomina-Ageeva
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Stanislav S. Zakharov
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Natalia M. Gretskaya
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Galina N. Zinchenko
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Igor V. Serkov
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Galina F. Makhaeva
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Natalia P. Boltneva
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Nadezhda V. Kovaleva
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Olga G. Serebryakova
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
| | - Sofya V. Lushchekina
- Department medicinal and biological chemistry, Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia; (I.V.S.); (G.F.M.); (N.P.B.); (N.V.K.); (O.G.S.); (S.V.L.)
- Department of electrophysics of organic materials and nanostructures, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Victor A. Palikov
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Yulia Palikova
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Igor A. Dyachenko
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Igor E. Kasheverov
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Victor I. Tsetlin
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Vladimir V. Bezuglov
- Department of molecular neuroimmune signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; (D.S.K.); (E.V.K.); (E.V.F.-A.); (S.S.Z.); (N.M.G.); (G.N.Z.); (V.A.P.); (Y.P.); (I.A.D.); (I.E.K.); (V.I.T.); (V.V.B.)
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19
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Germain A, Barupal DK, Levine SM, Hanson MR. Comprehensive Circulatory Metabolomics in ME/CFS Reveals Disrupted Metabolism of Acyl Lipids and Steroids. Metabolites 2020; 10:E34. [PMID: 31947545 PMCID: PMC7023305 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest worldwide prevalence rate projects that over 65 million patients suffer from myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), an illness with known effects on the functioning of the immune and nervous systems. We performed an extensive metabolomics analysis on the plasma of 52 female subjects, equally sampled between controls and ME/CFS patients, which delivered data for about 1750 blood compounds spanning 20 super-pathways, subdivided into 113 sub-pathways. Statistical analysis combined with pathway enrichment analysis points to a few disrupted metabolic pathways containing many unexplored compounds. The most intriguing finding concerns acyl cholines, belonging to the fatty acid metabolism sub-pathway of lipids, for which all compounds are consistently reduced in two distinct ME/CFS patient cohorts. We compiled the extremely limited knowledge about these compounds and regard them as promising in the quest to explain many of the ME/CFS symptoms. Another class of lipids with far-reaching activity on virtually all organ systems are steroids; androgenic, progestin, and corticosteroids are broadly reduced in our patient cohort. We also report on lower dipeptides and elevated sphingolipids abundance in patients compared to controls. Disturbances in the metabolism of many of these molecules can be linked to the profound organ system symptoms endured by ME/CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Germain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (A.G.); (S.M.L.)
| | - Dinesh K. Barupal
- UC Davis Genome Center—Metabolomics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Susan M. Levine
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (A.G.); (S.M.L.)
| | - Maureen R. Hanson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; (A.G.); (S.M.L.)
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