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Danielson SM, Lefferts AR, Norman E, Regner EH, Schulz HM, Sansone-Poe D, Orlicky DJ, Kuhn KA. Myeloid Cells and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Are Required for TCRαβ Intraepithelial Lymphocyte Recruitment to the Colon Epithelium. J Immunol 2024:ji2200556. [PMID: 38568091 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are T cells important for the maintenance of barrier integrity in the intestine. Colon IELs are significantly reduced in both MyD88-deficient mice and those lacking an intact microbiota, suggesting that MyD88-mediated detection of bacterial products is important for the recruitment and/or retention of these cells. Here, using conditionally deficient MyD88 mice, we show that myeloid cells are the key mediators of TCRαβ+ IEL recruitment to the colon. Upon exposure to luminal bacteria, myeloid cells produce sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in a MyD88-dependent fashion. TCRαβ+ IEL recruitment may be blocked using the S1P receptor antagonist FTY720, confirming the importance of S1P in the recruitment of TCRαβ+ IELs to the colon epithelium. Finally, using the TNFΔARE/+ model of Crohn's-like bowel inflammation, we show that disruption of colon IEL recruitment through myeloid-specific MyD88 deficiency results in reduced pathology. Our results illustrate one mechanism for recruitment of a subset of IELs to the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mann Danielson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Adam R Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Eric Norman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Emilie H Regner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Hanna M Schulz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Danielle Sansone-Poe
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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Seymour BJ, Allen BE, Kuhn KA. Microbial Mechanisms of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2024; 26:124-132. [PMID: 38300467 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Host-microbiome interactions have been implicated in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the data linking specific microbes to RA is largely associative. Here, we review recent studies that have interrogated specific mechanistic links between microbes and host in the setting of RA. RECENT FINDINGS Several candidate bacterial species and antigens that may trigger the conversion of an anti-bacterial to an autoimmune response have been recently identified. Additional studies have identified microbial metabolic pathways that are altered in RA. Some of these microbial species and metabolic pathways have been validated in mouse models to induce RA-like immune responses, providing initial evidence of specific mechanisms by which the microbiota contributes to the development of RA. Several microbial species, antigens, and metabolites have been identified as potential contributors to RA pathophysiology. Further interrogation and validation of these pathways may identify novel biomarkers of or therapeutic avenues for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Seymour
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brendan E Allen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Reisdorph N, Doenges K, Levens C, Manke J, Armstrong M, Smith H, Quinn K, Radcliffe R, Reisdorph R, Saba L, Kuhn KA. Oral Cannabis consumption and intraperitoneal THC:CBD dosing results in changes in brain and plasma neurochemicals and endocannabinoids in mice. J Cannabis Res 2024; 6:10. [PMID: 38429800 PMCID: PMC10908076 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-024-00219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the use of orally consumed Cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) containing products, i.e. "edibles", has expanded, the health consequences are still largely unknown. This study examines the effects of oral consumption of whole Cannabis and a complex Cannabis extract on neurochemicals, endocannabinoids (eCB), and physiological parameters (body temperature, heart rate) in mice. METHODS In this pilot study, C57BL/6 J mice were treated with one of the following every other day for 2 weeks: a complex Cannabis extract by gavage, whole Cannabis mixed with nutritional gel through free feeding, or purified THC/CBD by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Treatments were conducted at 4 doses ranging from 0-100 mg/kg/day of CBD with THC levels of ≤ 1.2 mg/kg/day for free feeding and gavage and 10 mg/kg/day for i.p. Body temperature and heart rate were monitored using surgically implanted telemetry devices. Levels of neurochemicals, eCB, THC, CBD, and 11-OH-THC were measured using mass spectrometry 48 h after the final treatment. Statistical comparisons were conducted using ANOVA and t-tests. RESULTS Differences were found between neurochemicals in the brains and plasma of mice treated by i.p. (e.g. dopamine, p < 0.01), gavage (e.g., phenylalanine, p < 0.05) and in mice receiving whole Cannabis (e.g., 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic DOPAC p < 0.05). Tryptophan trended downward or was significantly decreased in the brain and/or plasma of all mice receiving Cannabis or purified CBD/THC, regardless of dose, compared to controls. Levels of the eCB, arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) were decreased in mice receiving lowest doses of a complex Cannabis extract by gavage, but were higher in mice receiving highest doses compared to controls (p < 0.05). Plasma and brain levels of THC and 11-OH-THC were higher in mice receiving 1:1 THC:CBD by i.p. compared to those receiving 1:5 or 1:10 THC:CBD. Nominal changes in body temperature and heart rate following acute and repeated exposures were seen to some degree in all treatments. CONCLUSIONS Changes to neurochemicals and eCBs were apparent at all doses regardless of treatment type. Levels of neurochemicals seemed to vary based on the presence of a complex Cannabis extract, suggesting a non-linear response between THC and neurochemicals following repeated oral dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole Reisdorph
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Katrina Doenges
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Cassandra Levens
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jon Manke
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Michael Armstrong
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Harry Smith
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kevin Quinn
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Richard Radcliffe
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Richard Reisdorph
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Laura Saba
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Danielson SM, Kuhn KA. IL-10mpting T H17 cell fate in the gut. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadn7536. [PMID: 38181092 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adn7536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 mediates regulatory functions of commensal-specific TH17 cells in murine small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mann Danielson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Seymour BJ, Trent B, Allen BE, Berlinberg AJ, Tangchittsumran J, Jubair WK, Chriswell ME, Liu S, Ornelas A, Stahly A, Alexeev EE, Dowdell AS, Sneed SL, Fechtner S, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Anthony RM, Frank DN, Colgan SP, Kuhn KA. Microbiota-dependent indole production stimulates the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e167671. [PMID: 38113112 PMCID: PMC10866668 DOI: 10.1172/jci167671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered tryptophan catabolism has been identified in inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), but the causal mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolites to disease are unknown. Using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, we identified alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and specifically indole, that correlated with disease. We demonstrated that both bacteria and dietary tryptophan were required for disease and that indole supplementation was sufficient to induce disease in their absence. When mice with CIA on a low-tryptophan diet were supplemented with indole, we observed significant increases in serum IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β; splenic RORγt+CD4+ T cells and ex vivo collagen-stimulated IL-17 production; and a pattern of anti-collagen antibody isotype switching and glycosylation that corresponded with increased complement fixation. IL-23 neutralization reduced disease severity in indole-induced CIA. Finally, exposure of human colonic lymphocytes to indole increased the expression of genes involved in IL-17 signaling and plasma cell activation. Altogether, we propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis during inflammatory arthritis results in altered tryptophan catabolism, leading to indole stimulation of arthritis development. Blockade of indole generation may present a unique therapeutic pathway for RA and SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Alfredo Ornelas
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Erica E. Alexeev
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander S. Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jennifer M. Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Dillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Cara C. Wilson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Alula KM, Dowdell AS, LeBere B, Lee JS, Levens CL, Kuhn KA, Kaipparettu BA, Thompson WE, Blumberg RS, Colgan SP, Theiss AL. Interplay of gut microbiota and host epithelial mitochondrial dysfunction is necessary for the development of spontaneous intestinal inflammation in mice. Microbiome 2023; 11:256. [PMID: 37978573 PMCID: PMC10655390 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) mitochondrial dysfunction involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease affecting the small intestine, is emerging in recent studies. As the interface between the self and the gut microbiota, IECs serve as hubs of bidirectional cross-talk between host and luminal microbiota. However, the role of mitochondrial-microbiota interaction in the ileum is largely unexplored. Prohibitin 1 (PHB1), a chaperone protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane required for optimal electron transport chain function, is decreased during IBD. We previously demonstrated that mice deficient in PHB1 specifically in IECs (Phb1i∆IEC) exhibited mitochondrial impairment, Paneth cell defects, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and spontaneous inflammation in the ileum (ileitis). Mice deficient in PHB1 in Paneth cells (epithelial secretory cells of the small intestine; Phb1∆PC) also exhibited mitochondrial impairment, Paneth cell defects, and spontaneous ileitis. Here, we determined whether this phenotype is driven by Phb1 deficiency-associated ileal microbiota alterations or direct effects of loss of PHB1 in host IECs. RESULTS Depletion of gut microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in Phb1∆PC or Phb1i∆IEC mice revealed a necessary role of microbiota to cause ileitis. Using germ-free mice colonized with ileal microbiota from Phb1-deficient mice, we show that this microbiota could not independently induce ileitis without host mitochondrial dysfunction. The luminal microbiota phenotype of Phb1i∆IEC mice included a loss of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. Supplementation of butyrate in Phb1-deficient mice ameliorated Paneth cell abnormalities and ileitis. Phb1-deficient ileal enteroid models suggest deleterious epithelial-intrinsic responses to ileal microbiota that were protected by butyrate. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a mutual and essential reinforcing interplay of gut microbiota and host IEC, including Paneth cell, mitochondrial health in influencing ileitis. Restoration of butyrate is a potential therapeutic option in Crohn's disease patients harboring epithelial cell mitochondrial dysfunction. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibrom M Alula
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Alexander S Dowdell
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brittany LeBere
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - J Scott Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Cassandra L Levens
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Benny A Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Winston E Thompson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Arianne L Theiss
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 East 19Th Avenue, RC2 Campus Box BB158 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Seymour BJ, Trent B, Allen B, Berlinberg AJ, Tangchittsumran J, Jubair WK, Chriswell ME, Liu S, Ornelas A, Stahly A, Alexeev EE, Dowdell AS, Sneed SL, Fechtner S, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Dillon SM, Wilson CC, Anthony RM, Frank DN, Colgan SP, Kuhn KA. Microbiota-dependent indole production is required for the development of collagen-induced arthritis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.13.561693. [PMID: 37873395 PMCID: PMC10592798 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.13.561693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Altered tryptophan catabolism has been identified in inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA), but the causal mechanisms linking tryptophan metabolites to disease are unknown. Using the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model we identify alterations in tryptophan metabolism, and specifically indole, that correlate with disease. We demonstrate that both bacteria and dietary tryptophan are required for disease, and indole supplementation is sufficient to induce disease in their absence. When mice with CIA on a low-tryptophan diet were supplemented with indole, we observed significant increases in serum IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β; splenic RORγt+CD4+ T cells and ex vivo collagen-stimulated IL-17 production; and a pattern of anti-collagen antibody isotype switching and glycosylation that corresponded with increased complement fixation. IL-23 neutralization reduced disease severity in indole-induced CIA. Finally, exposure of human colon lymphocytes to indole increased expression of genes involved in IL-17 signaling and plasma cell activation. Altogether, we propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis during inflammatory arthritis results in altered tryptophan catabolism, leading to indole stimulation of arthritis development. Blockade of indole generation may present a novel therapeutic pathway for RA and SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J. Seymour
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brendan Allen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Adam J. Berlinberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jimmy Tangchittsumran
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Widian K. Jubair
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alfredo Ornelas
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erica E. Alexeev
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexander S. Dowdell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Fechtner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Dillon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cara C. Wilson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Fechtner S, Allen BE, Chriswell ME, Jubair WK, Robertson CE, Kofonow JN, Frank DN, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol and its metabolite 3,3-dimethylbutyrate ameliorate collagen-induced arthritis independent of choline trimethylamine lyase activity. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3297018. [PMID: 37720032 PMCID: PMC10503834 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3297018/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have identified significant alterations in intestinal carnitine metabolism in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), potentially linking bacterial dysbiosis with autoimmunity. Bacterial trimethylamine (TMA) lyases metabolize dietary carnitine to TMA, which is oxidized in the liver to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). TMAO is associated with inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, whose immunologic processes mirror that of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, we investigated the possibility of ameliorating CIA by inhibiting TMA lyase activity using 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) or fluoromethylcholine (FMC). During CIA, mice were treated with 1% vol/vol DMB, 100mg/kg FMC, or vehicle. DMB-treated mice demonstrated significant (>50%) reduction in arthritis severity compared to FMC and vehicle-treated mice. However, in contrast to FMC, DMB treatment did not reduce cecal TMA nor circulating TMAO concentrations. Using gas chromatography, we confirmed the effect of DMB is independent of TMA lyase inhibition. Further, we identified a novel host-derived metabolite of DMB, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyric acid (DMBut), which also significantly reduced disease and proinflammatory cytokines in CIA mice. Altogether, our study suggests that DMB the immunomodulatory activity of DMB and/or its metabolites are protective in CIA. Elucidating its target and mechanism of action may provide new directions for RA therapeutic development.
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Nielsen SH, Stahly A, Regner EH, Bay-Jensen AC, Karsdal MA, Kuhn KA. Novel Biomarker of Collagen Degradation Can Identify Patients Affected With Both Axial Spondyloarthritis and Crohn Disease. J Rheumatol 2022; 49:1335-1340. [PMID: 35705233 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic inflammatory arthritis is a hallmark of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), where coexistence of Crohn disease (CD) is prominent. We investigated the association between biomarkers of collagen degradation in healthy controls (HCs) and in patients with axSpA, CD, and CD and axSpA overlap (CD-axSpA), with the aim to investigate the ability of the biomarkers to identify patients with CD-axSpA. METHODS Patients with axSpA who fulfilled Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society criteria (n = 13), had biopsy-proven CD (n = 14), had CD-axSpA (n = 10), and HCs (n = 11) undergoing standard-of-care colonoscopies were included in the study. The collagen biomarkers measuring type III, IV, VI and X collagen (C3M, C4M, C6M, and C10C, respectively) were measured in plasma samples from all subject groups. Statistical analysis was performed using an ANCOVA adjusted for age, an area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve analysis, and Spearman correlation. RESULTS C4M was significantly higher in patients with CD-axSpA overlap compared to axSpA, CD, and HCs (all P < 0.001). In an AUROC analysis, C4M showed a complete separation between the patients with CD-axSpA overlap compared to HC, axSpA and CD with an area under the curve (AUC) = 1.00 (P < 0.001). No differences were found between the patient groups for C3M, C6M, and C10C. No correlations were found between the collagen biomarkers and C-reactive protein, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, or Harvey-Bradshaw Index scores. CONCLUSION Degradation of type IV collagen quantified by C4M showed a complete separation of patients with CD-axSpA overlap, compared to axSpA, CD, and HCs, and indicates excessive collagen degradation and epithelial turnover. This biomarker could potentially be used to identify patients affected by both manifestations and to guide treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Holm Nielsen
- S. Holm Nielsen, PhD, Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, and ImmunoScience, Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark;
| | - Andrew Stahly
- A. Stahly, MD, E.H. Regner, MD, PhD, K.A. Kuhn, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emilie H Regner
- A. Stahly, MD, E.H. Regner, MD, PhD, K.A. Kuhn, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen
- A.C. Bay-Jensen, PhD, M.A. Karsdal, PhD, Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- A.C. Bay-Jensen, PhD, M.A. Karsdal, PhD, Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- A. Stahly, MD, E.H. Regner, MD, PhD, K.A. Kuhn, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Kuhn KA, Stahly A, Konig MF, Carandang K, Herndon C, Backman C, Callahan LF, Schulert G, Fraenkel L, Ogdie A. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Career Investigators in Rheumatology: Recommendations to Address Challenges to Early Research Careers. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2022; 75:947-955. [PMID: 36342380 PMCID: PMC9877547 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the careers of trainees and early career investigators (ECIs). We sought to assess how the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the Rheumatology Research Foundation (RRF) can address the needs of those pursuing research careers. METHODS The Committee on Research created a survey to assess the impact of COVID-19 and identify topics for the ACR and the RRF to address. In fall of 2020, we surveyed postdoctoral trainees and ECIs within 9 years of terminal training. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of invitees responded to the survey (n = 365); of these, 60% were pursuing careers in academic research. Seventy-five percent of respondents in academic research career paths placed their primary projects on hold during the pandemic. The number of individuals pursuing a research career from 2020 to 2021 decreased by 5%. Respondents reported funding, caregiving, and lack of preliminary data as significant challenges. Suggested impactful interventions included increased funding, funding process reform, and expanding mentoring and networking resources. CONCLUSION Major stressors identified during the pandemic included increased caregiving responsibilities and difficulty obtaining data and funding, for which respondents suggested increases and changes in funding programs as well as more mentoring and networking opportunities. Based on these, the Committee on Research proposes 3 priorities: 1) flexible funding mechanisms for ECIs and additional support for those impacted by caregiving; 2) virtual and in-person programs for career development and networking; and 3) curated content relevant to building a research career available on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Stahly
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora
| | | | - Kristine Carandang
- Young Patients' Autoimmune Research & Empowerment Alliance and University of Wisconsin‐River FallsRiver Falls
| | | | - Catherine Backman
- The University of British Columbia and Arthritis Research CanadaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Grant Schulert
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhio
| | - Liana Fraenkel
- Berkshire Medical Center, Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Alexis Ogdie
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia
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Chriswell ME, Lefferts AR, Clay MR, Hsu AR, Seifert J, Feser ML, Rims C, Bloom MS, Bemis EA, Liu S, Maerz MD, Frank DN, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, James EA, Buckner JH, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Clonal IgA and IgG autoantibodies from individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis identify an arthritogenic strain of Subdoligranulum. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14. [PMID: 36288282 PMCID: PMC9804515 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal origins hypothesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) proposes a central role for mucosal immune responses in the initiation or perpetuation of the systemic autoimmunity that occurs with disease. However, the connection between the mucosa and systemic autoimmunity in RA remains unclear. Using dual immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG family plasmablast-derived monoclonal autoantibodies obtained from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for RA, we identified cross-reactivity between RA-relevant autoantigens and bacterial taxa in the closely related families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. After generating bacterial isolates within the Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae genus Subdoligranulum from the feces of an individual, we confirmed monoclonal antibody binding and CD4+ T cell activation in individuals with RA compared to control individuals. In addition, when Subdoligranulum isolate 7 but not isolate 1 colonized germ-free mice, it stimulated TH17 cell expansion, serum RA-relevant IgG autoantibodies, and joint swelling reminiscent of early RA, with histopathology characterized by antibody deposition and complement activation. Systemic immune responses were likely due to mucosal invasion along with the generation of colon-isolated lymphoid follicles driving increased fecal and serum IgA by isolate 7, because B and CD4+ T cell depletion not only halted intestinal immune responses but also eliminated detectable clinical disease. In aggregate, these findings demonstrate a mechanism of RA pathogenesis through which a specific intestinal strain of bacteria can drive systemic autoantibody generation and joint-centered antibody deposition and immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Adam R. Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael R. Clay
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alex Ren Hsu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jennifer Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Michelle S. Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045,Corresponding Author:
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12
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Chriswell ME, Lefferts AR, Clay MR, Hsu AR, Seifert J, Feser ML, Rims C, Bloom MS, Bemis EA, Liu S, Maerz MD, Frank DN, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, James EA, Buckner JH, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Clonal IgA and IgG autoantibodies from individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis identify an arthritogenic strain of Subdoligranulum. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn5166. [PMID: 36288282 PMCID: PMC9804515 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn5166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The mucosal origins hypothesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) proposes a central role for mucosal immune responses in the initiation or perpetuation of the systemic autoimmunity that occurs with disease. However, the connection between the mucosa and systemic autoimmunity in RA remains unclear. Using dual immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG family plasmablast-derived monoclonal autoantibodies obtained from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for RA, we identified cross-reactivity between RA-relevant autoantigens and bacterial taxa in the closely related families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. After generating bacterial isolates within the Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae genus Subdoligranulum from the feces of an individual, we confirmed monoclonal antibody binding and CD4+ T cell activation in individuals with RA compared to control individuals. In addition, when Subdoligranulum isolate 7 but not isolate 1 colonized germ-free mice, it stimulated TH17 cell expansion, serum RA-relevant IgG autoantibodies, and joint swelling reminiscent of early RA, with histopathology characterized by antibody deposition and complement activation. Systemic immune responses were likely due to mucosal invasion along with the generation of colon-isolated lymphoid follicles driving increased fecal and serum IgA by isolate 7, because B and CD4+ T cell depletion not only halted intestinal immune responses but also eliminated detectable clinical disease. In aggregate, these findings demonstrate a mechanism of RA pathogenesis through which a specific intestinal strain of bacteria can drive systemic autoantibody generation and joint-centered antibody deposition and immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E. Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Adam R. Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Michael R. Clay
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Alex Ren Hsu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jennifer Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Marie L. Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Cliff Rims
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Michelle S. Bloom
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Elizabeth A. Bemis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sucai Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045,Corresponding Author:
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13
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Kumar R, Maurya AK, Parker KD, Kant R, Ibrahim H, Kabir MI, Kumar D, Weber AM, Agarwal R, Kuhn KA, Ryan EP, Raina K. Cover Image, Volume 61, Issue 10. Mol Carcinog 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.23466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA
| | - Akhilendra K. Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado‐Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Kristopher D. Parker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
- Department of Natural Sciences Middle Georgia State University Cochran GA USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado‐Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Md. Imtiazul Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado‐Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Annika M. Weber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado‐Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado‐Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
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14
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Kumar R, Maurya AK, Parker KD, Kant R, Ibrahim H, Kabir MI, Kumar D, Weber AM, Agarwal R, Kuhn KA, Ryan EP, Raina K. Gender-based effect of absence of gut microbiota on the protective efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum-fermented rice bran diet against inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:941-957. [PMID: 35856887 PMCID: PMC9474629 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary rice bran (RB) has shown capacity to influence metabolism by modulation of gut microbiota in individuals at risk for colorectal cancer (CRC), which warranted attention for delineating mechanisms for bidirectional influences and cross-feeding between the host and RB-modified gut microbiota to reduce CRC. Accordingly, in the present study, fermented rice bran (FRB, fermented with a RB responsive microbe Bifidobacterium longum), and non-fermented RB were fed as 10% w/w (diet) to gut microbiota-intactspf or germ-free micegf to investigate comparative efficacy against inflammation-associated azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS)-induced CRC. Results indicated both microbiota-dependent and independent mechanisms for RB meditated protective efficacy against CRC that was associated with reduced neoplastic lesion size and local-mucosal/systemic inflammation, and restoration of colonic epithelial integrity. Enrichment of beneficial commensals (such as, Clostridiales, Blautia, Roseburia), phenolic metabolites (benzoate and catechol metabolism), and dietary components (ferulic acid-4 sulfate, trigonelline, and salicylate) were correlated with anti-CRC efficacy. Germ-free studies revealed gender-specific physiological variables could differentially impact CRC growth and progression. In the germ-free females, the RB dietary treatment showed a ∼72% reduction in the incidence of colonic epithelial erosion when compared to the ∼40% reduction in FRB-fed micegf . Ex vivo fermentation of RB did not parallel the localized-protective benefits of gut microbial metabolism by RB in damaged colonic tissues. Findings from this study suggest potential needs for safety considerations of fermented fiber rich foods as dietary strategies against severe inflammation-associated colon tumorigenesis (particularly with severe damage to the colonic epithelium).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Akhilendra K Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristopher D Parker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middle Georgia State University, Cochran, GA, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Md Imtiazul Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Annika M Weber
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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15
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Lefferts AR, Norman E, Claypool DJ, Kantheti U, Kuhn KA. Cytokine competent gut-joint migratory T Cells contribute to inflammation in the joint. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932393. [PMID: 36159826 PMCID: PMC9489919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although studies have identified the presence of gut-associated cells in the enthesis of joints affected by spondylarthritis (SpA), a direct link through cellular transit between the gut and joint has yet to be formally demonstrated. Using KikGR transgenic mice to label in situ and track cellular trafficking from the distal colon to the joint under inflammatory conditions of both the gut and joint, we demonstrate bona-fide gut-joint trafficking of T cells from the colon epithelium, also called intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), to distal sites including joint enthesis, the pathogenic site of SpA. Similar to patients with SpA, colon IELs from the TNFΔARE/+ mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease and SpA display heightened TNF production upon stimulation. Using ex vivo stimulation of photo-labeled gut-joint trafficked T cells from the popliteal lymph nodes of KikGR and KikGR TNFΔARE/+ we saw that the CD4+ photo-labeled population was highly enriched for IL-17 competence in healthy as well as arthritic mice, however in the TNFΔARE/+ mice these cells were additionally enriched for TNF. Using transfer of magnetically isolated IELs from TNF+/+ and TNFΔARE/+ donors into Rag1 -/- hosts, we confirmed that IELs can exacerbate inflammatory processes in the joint. Finally, we blocked IEL recruitment to the colon epithelium using broad spectrum antibiotics in TNFΔARE/+ mice. Antibiotic-treated mice had reduced gut-joint IEL migration, contained fewer Il-17A and TNF competent CD4+ T cells, and lessened joint pathology compared to untreated littermate controls. Together these results demonstrate that pro-inflammatory colon-derived IELs can exacerbate inflammatory responses in the joint through systemic trafficking, and that interference with this process through gut-targeted approaches has therapeutic potential in SpA.
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Holers VM, Kuhn KA, Demoruelle MK, Norris JM, Firestein GS, James EA, Robinson WH, Buckner JH, Deane KD. Mechanism-driven strategies for prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Autoimmun 2022; 2:109-119. [PMID: 36312783 PMCID: PMC9610829 DOI: 10.1002/rai2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis (IA) is typically preceded by a prolonged period of autoimmunity manifest by the presence of circulating autoantibodies that can include antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). This period prior to clinical IA can be designated preclinical RA in those individuals who have progressed to a clinical diagnosis of RA, and an 'at-risk' status in those who have not developed IA but exhibit predictive biomarkers of future clinical RA. With the goal of developing RA prevention strategies, studies have characterized immune phenotypes of preclinical RA/at-risk states. From these studies, a model has emerged wherein mucosal inflammation and dysbiosis may lead first to local autoantibody production that should normally be transient, but instead is followed by systemic spread of the autoimmunity as manifest by serum autoantibody elevations, and ultimately drives the development of clinically identified joint inflammation. This model can be envisioned as the progression of disease development through serial 'checkpoints' that in principle should constrain or resolve autoimmunity; however, instead the checkpoints 'fail' and clinical RA develops. Herein we review the immune processes that are likely to be present at each step and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be envisioned to delay, diminish, halt or even reverse the progression to clinical RA. Notably, these prevention strategies could utilize existing therapies approved for clinical RA, therapies approved for other diseases that target relevant pathways in the preclinical/at-risk state, or approaches that target novel pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - M. Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gary S. Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - William H. Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA and VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | | | - Kevin D. Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Fechtner S, Allen B, Chriswell ME, Jubair WK, Vroljik MA, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Administration of 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol is immunomodulatory in collagen induced arthritis murine model independent of TMA lyase activity. The Journal of Immunology 2022. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.170.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Studies of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) link the intestinal microbiome with disease and pathogenic autoantibodies. We have previously identified significant alterations in carnitine metabolism in mice with CIA, providing a potential link between bacterial dysbiosis and autoimmunity. Dietary carnitine is metabolized into trimethylamine (TMA) by bacterial enzyme TMA lyase which is oxidized in the host liver to TMAO. Prior studies determined that 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) and fluoromethylcarnitine (FMC) inhibit TMA lyase. Therefore, we tested if TMA lyase inhibition with DMB or FMC could ameliorate CIA. Male DBA1/j mice at 6 weeks of age were injected with bovine type II collagen in complete Freund’s adjuvant at days 0 and 21. On day 21 drinking water was replaced with vehicle, 1% vol/vol DMB, or 100mg/kg FMC. Mice were monitored for arthritis until day 35. DMB-treated mice had a significant (>50%) reduction in arthritis severity, as well as decreased anti-collagen antibodies, serum IFN-γ, and IL-17 compared to FMC and vehicle-treated mice with CIA. However, only FMC significantly reduced intestinal TMA and circulating TMAO, while DMB did not affect TMA/TMAO, suggesting that the effect of DMB is independent of TMA lyase inhibition. Using gas chromatography, we confirmed that DMB is absorbed and metabolized in mice, thereby identifying a novel metabolite, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyric acid (DMBut). During CIA, 1% vol/vol DMBut significantly reduced disease, suggesting it is an active metabolite of DMB. Altogether our study suggests that DMB and/or its metabolites are immunomodulatory in CIA. Elucidating its target and mechanism of action may provide directions for RA therapeutic development.
Supported by Grants from NIH (U01HL152405, T32AI074491) and from the State of Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade Advanced Industries Accelerator Program
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Falloon K, Cohen B, Ananthakrishnan AN, Barnes EL, Bhattacharya A, Colombel JF, Cross RK, Driscoll MS, Fernandez AP, Ha C, Herfarth H, Horst S, Hou J, Husni ME, Kroshinsky D, Kuhn KA, Lowder CY, Martin G, Parikh D, Sayed CJ, Schocket L, Siaton BC, Vedak P, Weisman MH, Rieder F. A United States expert consensus to standardise definitions, follow-up, and treatment targets for extra-intestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 55:1179-1191. [PMID: 35277863 PMCID: PMC10022869 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs) are a common complication of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), affecting up to half of the patients. Despite their high prevalence, information on standardised definitions, diagnostic strategies, and treatment targets is limited. METHODS As a starting point for a national EIM study network, an interdisciplinary expert panel of 12 gastroenterologists, 4 rheumatologists, 3 ophthalmologists, 6 dermatologists, and 4 patient representatives was assembled. Modified Delphi consensus methodology was used. Fifty-four candidate items were derived from the literature review and expert opinion focusing on five major EIMs (erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, uveitis, peripheral arthritis, and axial arthritis) were rated in three voting rounds. RESULTS For use in a clinical practice setting and as part of the creation of a prospective registry of patients with EIMs, the panel developed definitions for erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, uveitis, peripheral arthritis, and axial arthritis; identified the appropriate and optimal subspecialists to diagnose and manage each; provided methods to monitor disease course; offered guidance regarding monitoring intervals; and defined resolution and recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Consensus criteria for appropriate and optimal means of diagnosing and monitoring five EIMs have been developed as a starting point to inform clinical practice and future trial design. Key findings include straightforward diagnostic criteria, guidance regarding who can appropriately and optimally diagnose each, and monitoring options that include patient and physician-reported outcomes. These findings will be used in a national multicenter study network to optimise the management of EIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Falloon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Cohen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Edward L. Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Raymond K. Cross
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Christina Ha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Hans Herfarth
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sara Horst
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason Hou
- Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center & Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M. Elaine Husni
- Department of Rheumatologic and Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniela Kroshinsky
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Careen Y. Lowder
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George Martin
- Dr. George Martin Dermatology Associates, Kihei, HI, USA
| | - Deep Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lisa Schocket
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bernadette C. Siaton
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Priyanka Vedak
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael H. Weisman
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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19
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Frank DN, Qiu Y, Cao Y, Zhang S, Lu L, Kofonow JM, Robertson CE, Liu Y, Wang H, Levens CL, Kuhn KA, Song J, Ramakrishnan VR, Lu SL. A dysbiotic microbiome promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:1269-1280. [PMID: 35087236 PMCID: PMC8882136 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported dysbiotic oral microbiota and tumor-resident bacteria in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to identify and validate oral microbial signatures in treatment-naïve HNSCC patients compared with healthy control subjects. We confirm earlier reports that the relative abundances of Lactobacillus spp. and Neisseria spp. are elevated and diminished, respectively, in human HNSCC. In parallel, we examined the disease-modifying effects of microbiota in HNSCC, through both antibiotic depletion of microbiota in an induced HNSCC mouse model (4-Nitroquinoline 1-oxide, 4NQO) and reconstitution of tumor-associated microbiota in a germ-free orthotopic mouse model. We demonstrate that depletion of microbiota delays oral tumorigenesis, while microbiota transfer from mice with oral cancer accelerates tumorigenesis. Enrichment of Lactobacillus spp. was also observed in murine HNSCC, and activation of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor was documented in both murine and human tumors. Together, our findings support the hypothesis that dysbiosis promotes HNSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, The First University Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kofonow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cassandra L Levens
- Division of Rheumatology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vijay R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shi-Long Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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20
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Schwartzman M, Ermann J, Kuhn KA, Schwartzman S, Weisman MH. Spondyloarthritis in inflammatory bowel disease cohorts: systematic literature review and critical appraisal of study designs. RMD Open 2022; 8:rmdopen-2021-001777. [PMID: 35046098 PMCID: PMC8772455 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To critically appraise study designs evaluating spondyloarthritis (SpA) phenotypes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A systematic literature review of PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, Cinahl, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was performed. Articles published from January 2000 - March 2020 were included if they evaluated the prevalence/incidence of musculoskeletal disease in cohorts of IBD patients. Most of the 69 included studies were clinic based (54/69, 78%), single center (47/69, 68%) and cross-sectional (60/69, 87%). The median prevalence of axial and peripheral SpA in IBD was 5% (range 1 - 46%) and 16% (range 1 - 43%), respectively. In 38 studies that evaluated axial disease in prospectively enrolled patients, inflammatory back pain was analyzed in 53%. SpA classification criteria were used in 68% and imaging was performed in 76%. In 35 studies that evaluated peripheral disease in prospectively enrolled patients, SpA classification criteria were used in 46%. A physical exam was performed in 74%, and it was performed by a rheumatologist in 54% of studies with a physical exam. Sub-phenotypes of peripheral SpA (mono- or oligo-arthritis, polyarthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis) were variably reported. Seventy-four percent of studies did not mention whether osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia had been assessed or excluded. The spectrum of SpA phenotypes in IBD patients remains incompletely characterized. Future studies should focus on standardizing the variables collected in IBD-SpA cohorts and defining musculoskeletal phenotypes in IBD-SpA in order to better characterize this disease entity and advance the field for clinical and research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Schwartzman
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joerg Ermann
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sergio Schwartzman
- Department of Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA
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21
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Trikha SRJ, Lee DM, Ecton KE, Wrigley SD, Vazquez AR, Litwin NS, Thomas KN, Wei Y, Battson ML, Johnson SA, Kuhn KA, Colgan SP, Gentile CL, Weir TL. Transplantation of an obesity-associated human gut microbiota to mice induces vascular dysfunction and glucose intolerance. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1940791. [PMID: 34313540 PMCID: PMC8317959 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1940791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent preclinical data suggest that alterations in the gut microbiota may be an important factor linking obesity to vascular dysfunction, an early sign of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to begin translation of these preclinical data by examining whether vascular phenotypes in humans are transmissible through the gut microbiota. We hypothesized that germ-free mice colonized with gut microbiota from obese individuals would display diminished vascular function compared to germ-free mice receiving microbiota from lean individuals.We transplanted fecal material from obese and lean age-and sex-matched participants with disparate vascular function to germ-free mice. Using Principle Component Analysis, the microbiota of colonized mice separated by donor group along the first principle component, accounting for between 70-93% of the total variability in the dataset. The microbiota of mice receiving transplants from lean individuals was also characterized by increased alpha diversity, as well as increased relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides ovatis. Endothelium-dependent dilation, aortic pulse wave velocity and glucose tolerance were significantly altered in mice receiving microbiota from the obese donor relative to those receiving microbiota from the lean donor or those remaining germ-free.These data indicate that the obesity-associated human gut microbiota is sufficient to alter the vascular phenotype in germ-free mice in the absence of differences in body weight or dietary manipulation, and provide justification for future clinical trials to test the efficacy of microbiota-targeted therapies in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Raj J. Trikha
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Dustin M. Lee
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kayl E. Ecton
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Scott D. Wrigley
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Allegra R. Vazquez
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Nicole S. Litwin
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keely N. Thomas
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yuren Wei
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Micah L. Battson
- Department of Nutrition, Metropolitan State University, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- School of Medicine in the Division of Rheumatology and Gnotobiotic Core Director, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- School of Medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher L. Gentile
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA,CONTACT Christopher L. Gentile 208 Gifford Bldg, 1571 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1571, USA
| | - Tiffany L. Weir
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA,Tiffany L. Weir 210 Gifford Bldg, 1571 Campus Delivery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1571, USA
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22
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Lapane KL, Dubé C, Ferrucci K, Khan S, Kuhn KA, Yi E, Kay J, Liu SH. Patient perspectives on health care provider practices leading to an axial spondyloarthritis diagnosis: an exploratory qualitative research study. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:251. [PMID: 34930136 PMCID: PMC8691008 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The average time to a diagnosis for people with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is 7-10 years. Delayed diagnosis may result in increased structural damage, worse physical function, and worse quality of life relative to patients with a timely axSpA diagnosis. Understanding patient experiences may provide insights for how to reduce diagnostic delays. OBJECTIVE To provide foundational knowledge about patient experiences with healthcare providers leading to an axSpA diagnosis. METHODS We conducted an exploratory qualitative research study with six focus groups interviews with participants recruited from three rheumatology clinics within the United States (MA (n = 3); CO (n = 2); PA (n = 1)) that included a total of 26 adults (10 females, 16 males) with rheumatologist confirmed diagnosis of axSpA in 2019. Focus groups were ~ 2 h, audio recorded, transcribed, and subject to dual coding. The codes reviewed were in relation to the patients' diagnostic experiences. RESULTS Patients described frustrating and lengthy diagnostic journeys. They recognized that the causes of diagnostic delays in axSpA are multifactorial (e.g., no definitive diagnostic test, disease characteristics, lack of primary care provider's awareness about axSpA, trust). Patients described how doctors minimized or dismissed complaints about symptoms or told them that their issues were psychosomatic. Patients believed the healthcare system contributed to diagnostic delays (e.g., lack of time in clinical visits, difficulty accessing rheumatologists, health insurance challenges). Advice to physicians to reduce the diagnostic delay included allowing time for patients to give a complete picture of their illness experience, listening to, and believing patients, earlier referral to rheumatology, provision of HLA-B27 gene testing, and that physicians need to partner with their patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients desire a definitive test that could be administered earlier in the course of axSpA. Until such a test is available, patients want clinicians who listen to, believe, and partner with them, and who will follow them until a diagnosis is reached. Educating primary care clinicians about guidelines and referral for diagnosis of axSpA could reduce diagnostic delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Lapane
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Catherine Dubé
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Katarina Ferrucci
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sara Khan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Esther Yi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Jonathan Kay
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shao-Hsien Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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23
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Dube CE, Lapane KL, Ferrucci KA, Beccia AL, Khan SK, Yi E, Kay J, Kuhn KA, Ogdie A, Liu SH. Personal Experiences with Diagnostic Delay Among Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients: A Qualitative Study. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1015-1030. [PMID: 34059989 PMCID: PMC8217406 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION On average, patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) suffer from symptoms up to 13 or more years before diagnosis, contributing to psychological distress and healthcare burden METHODS: We conducted six semi-structured focus groups with 26 axSpA patients (from 3 rheumatology practices located in the states of Massachusetts, Colorado, and Pensylvania, USA) exploring early disease and diagnostic experiences. Verbatim transcripts were coded using a start list with emerging thematic codes added. A qualitative thematic analysis was performed RESULTS: Many participants described meandering and frustrating diagnostic journeys. Participants reported that intermittent axSpA symptoms and idiopathic pain contributed to physician confusion and delay in patients seeking care. Participants were sometimes perceived as somaticizing, drug-seeking, or "crazy." Diagnostic delay led to frustration and mental suffering. Doctors "giving up" was considered profoundly negative. Stories of symptoms fell into five areas: (1) pain; (2) stiffness; (3) impact on sleep; (4) impact on daily activities; and (5) changes with weather. Self-advocacy and family advocacy were considered essential. Participants suggested wider use of HLA-B27 testing and development of a definitive diagnostic test CONCLUSION: Most participants described significant suffering prior to axSpA diagnosis which could have been avoided with earlier intervention. Further research on the early disease experiences of axSpA patients is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Dube
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
| | - Kate L Lapane
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Katarina A Ferrucci
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ariel L Beccia
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sara K Khan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Esther Yi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Jonathan Kay
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexis Ogdie
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shao-Hsien Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
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24
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Lefferts AR, Regner EH, Stahly A, O'Rourke B, Gerich ME, Fennimore BP, Scott FI, Freeman AE, Jones K, Kuhn KA. Circulating mature granzyme B+ T cells distinguish Crohn's disease-associated axial spondyloarthritis from axial spondyloarthritis and Crohn's disease. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:147. [PMID: 34022940 PMCID: PMC8140495 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02531-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) has strong connections with intestinal inflammation as occurs in Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the immunologic mechanisms that distinguish axSpA, CD, and those with features of both diseases (CD-axSpA) are unknown. This study aimed to address this question by initial unbiased single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) on a pilot cohort followed by validating findings using flow cytometry and ELISA in a larger cohort. Methods Two individuals each with CD, axSpA, CD-axSpA, and healthy controls (HC) were recruited for a pilot discovery scRNAseq cohort, and the validation cohort consisted of 18 axSpA, 24 CD, 13 CD-axSpA, and 17 HC that was evaluated by flow cytometry on PBMCs and ELISAs for plasma cytokines. Results Uniquely, PBMCs from subjects with CD-axSpA demonstrated a significant increase in granzyme B+ T cells of both CD4+ and CD8+ lineages by both scRNAseq and flow cytometry. T cell maturation was also greater in those with CD-axSpA, particularly the CD4+ granzyme B+ population. Pathway analysis suggested increased interferon response genes in all immune cell populations within CD-axSpA. Although IFN-γ was elevated in the plasma of a subset of subjects with CD-axSpA, IL-6 was also significantly elevated. Conclusions Our findings support the presence of a chronic interferonopathy in subjects with CD-axSpA characterized by interferon signaling by pathway analysis and an expansion of mature, cytotoxic T cells. These data indicate fundamental immunological differences between CD-axSpA and both of the putative “parent” conditions, suggesting that it is a distinct disease with unique natural history and treatment needs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02531-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Lefferts
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emilie H Regner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Present Address: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Becky O'Rourke
- Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark E Gerich
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Blair P Fennimore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank I Scott
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alison E Freeman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Present Address: Cascade Gastroenterology, Bend, OR, USA
| | - Ken Jones
- Section of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Present Address: Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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25
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Mangalea MR, Paez-Espino D, Kieft K, Chatterjee A, Chriswell ME, Seifert JA, Feser ML, Demoruelle MK, Sakatos A, Anantharaman K, Deane KD, Kuhn KA, Holers VM, Duerkop BA. Individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis harbor differential intestinal bacteriophage communities with distinct metabolic potential. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:726-739.e5. [PMID: 33957082 PMCID: PMC8186507 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized in seropositive individuals by the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated protein (CCP) antibodies. RA is linked to the intestinal microbiota, yet the association of microbes with CCP serology and their contribution to RA is unclear. We describe intestinal phage communities of individuals at risk for developing RA, with or without anti-CCP antibodies, whose first-degree relatives have been diagnosed with RA. We show that at-risk individuals harbor intestinal phage compositions that diverge based on CCP serology, are dominated by Streptococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Lachnospiraceae phages, and may originate from disparate ecosystems. These phages encode unique repertoires of auxiliary metabolic genes, which associate with anti-CCP status, suggesting that these phages directly influence the metabolic and immunomodulatory capability of the microbiota. This work sets the stage for the use of phages as preclinical biomarkers and provides insight into a possible microbial-based causation of RA disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea R Mangalea
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Kristopher Kieft
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Anushila Chatterjee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Meagan E Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer A Seifert
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marie L Feser
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Karthik Anantharaman
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Breck A Duerkop
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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26
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Lefferts AR, Norman E, Kantheti U, Kuhn KA. Gut derived T cells in the joint display an activated regulatory phenotype following tissue injury. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.11.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous studies have implicated a gut-joint axis in the pathogenesis of spondylarthritis (SpA), but the exact mechanisms that connect the intestine and joint remain unclear. Here we sought to identify one potential mechanism, the direct trafficking of immune cells from gut tissue to the inflamed joint enthesis, the site of injury in SpA. To track gut-derived cells in vivo, we utilized the KikGR transgenic mouse model, in which colonoscopy-guided exposure to 405nm light causes photo-conversion of the transgene and labeling of cells in situ. In this manner we selectively label the epithelium, including intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), while avoiding cells in the lamina propria. Within 24 hours after photo-conversion, with a maxima at 72 hours, gut-labeled T cells appear in the Achilles enthesis. This trafficking occurs constitutively, with gut-derived T cells comprising ~10% of total tissue T cells. Following the induction of inflammation by the injection of 20mg of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) into the hind hock, we observed 25.2% of gut-derived T cells were FoxP3+ compared to 4.8% in the unlabeled population (p=0.0063). Within this Foxp3+ subpopulation we also observed significant enrichment of CD69 (p=0.0013) and a trend towards increased CD103 (p=0.065) expression, suggestive of memory residence. These enrichments were not observed in the contralateral un-injected hock, implying that inflammatory mediators are required for the recruitment of gut-derived regulatory T cells to establish residence. These data demonstrate bona-fide gut joint trafficking of T cells and suggest a regulatory role for mIELs. Ongoing work focuses on potential functional differences in mIELs derived from healthy vs inflamed mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Norman
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
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27
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Lefferts AR, Mann S, Van Der Kraak LA, Canna S, Kuhn KA. Myeloid cells direct recruitment of colon intraepithelial lymphocytes to the epithelium, where they undergo functional maturation through MHC class II interactions. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.17.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are T cells defined by direct contact with epithelial surfaces. While important for barrier integrity, the mechanisms of recruitment and functional maturation remain unknown. We identified sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1PR1) as highly enriched in the IEL population compared to lamina propria T cells by microarray, suggesting importance in IEL recruitment. Blockade of S1P signaling using FTY720 significantly reduced recruitment of TCRab+ IELs, but not TCRgd+ IELs, following bacterial recolonization of antibiotic-treated mice, which is known to recruit IELs. Since mice lacking either Myd88 or an intact microbiome lack IELs, we hypothesized that either the epithelium or mononuclear phagocytes responded to microbial TLR ligands and produced S1P. Myeloid lineage cells were deemed the cells responsible for Myd88/microbe dependent IEL recruitment. In vitro, cecal contents stimulated LysM-Cre+ Myd88fl/fl bone-marrow derived macrophages do not upregulate sphk1, the enzyme responsible for most S1P production, and fail to induce S1P dependent T cell migration in a transwell assay. To understand how the IEL-IEC synapse affects IEL function, we utilized Villin-Cre+ MHCIIfl/fl mice. We observed altered maturation in both CD4+ and CD4− CD8− IEL compartments, associated with increased CD44− CD62L+ naive and CD44+ CD62L+ central memory IELs, and decreased CD44+ CD62L− effector, and CD44− CD62L− “revertant” IELs, suggesting a block in T cell maturation. Together these data show a coordinated, multi-system process by which IELs are first recruited to, and then functionally matured by the IECs. Further work will investigate how inflammation of the mucosal barrier alters these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Mann
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
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Chriswell M, Bloom M, Seifert JA, Feser M, Demoruelle MK, Deane KD, Norris JM, Robinson WH, Holers VM, Kuhn KA. Dual IgA/IgG family plasmablast-derived mAbs from peripheral blood of individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis are polyreactive to autoantigens and intestinal bacteria. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.52.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A wide array of data supports rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a disease with mucosal origins, including presence of IgA RA-associated autoantibodies in peripheral blood and biomarkers of inflammation at mucosal sites. Individuals at-risk for developing RA, (serum autoantibody+, without joint disease), can be characterized by an expansion in dual-family IgA/IgG circulating plasmablasts. We examined the characteristics of mAbs generated from these plasmablasts in at-risk (n=4) and early RA (<1 year from diagnosis, n=2) subjects. The variable regions of the plasmablasts were sequenced and clonal families mapped. 94 total heavy and light chain sequences were cloned into a mouse IgG2a constant region. All 94 expressed mAbs bound RA-related citrullinated/uncitrullinated synovial targets in an antigen array, demonstrating polyreactivity. As these mAbs were derived from IgA-containing clonal families, we queried if they have commensal bacterial targets by exposing them to a human fecal bacterial pool. 61.7% of mAbs had bacterial targets, suggesting additional polyreactivity. Bound bacteria were 16S rRNA sequenced. Interestingly, 56.31% ±12.85 of bound bacteria were of families Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae. A smaller subset of Vh genes were utilized among bacterially reactive plasmablast mAbs as compared to the wider population, though mutations from germline remained static between groups. Specifically, mAbs utilizing IgHV4-4, V3-64, V3-66, and V3-74 were bacterially reactive, and mAbs utilizing IgHV4-39, V4-59, V3-33, and V3-43 were not bacterially reactive. This demonstrates a link between mucosal and systemic immune systems in RA, suggesting an early mucosal trigger for disease-specific autoantibody development.
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Ashrafi M, Kuhn KA, Weisman MH. The arthritis connection to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): why has it taken so long to understand it? RMD Open 2021; 7:e001558. [PMID: 33863841 PMCID: PMC8055104 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) associated arthritis is a subgroup of spondyloarthritis (SpA) that has suffered from lack of recognition in rheumatology clinical and research circles for over 100 years. Although clinically distinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, it took advances in detection systems in the middle of the last century (rheumatoid factor, HLA-B27) to convincingly make the final separations. We now know that significant numbers of patients with SpA have associated clinical IBD and almost half of them show subclinical gut inflammation, yet the connection between the gut and the musculoskeletal system has remained a vexing problem. Two publications from Nathan Zvaifler (one in 1960, the other in 1975) presciently described the relationship between the gut and the spine/peripheral joints heralding much of the work present today in laboratories around the world trying to examine basic mechanisms for the connections (there are likely to be many) between the gut, the environment (presumably our intestinal flora) and the downstream effect on the musculoskeletal system. The role of dysregulated microbiome along with microbiome-driven T helper 17 cell expansion and immune cell migration to the joints has been recognised, all of which occur in the appropriate context of genetic background inside and outside of the human leucocyte antigen system. Moreover, different adhesion molecules that mediate immune cells homing to the gut and joints have been noted. In this review, we studied the origins and evolution of IBD-arthritis, proposed pathogenic mechanisms and the current gaps that need to be filled for a complete understanding of IBD-arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Ashrafi
- Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Internal Medicine, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Berlinberg AJ, Regner EH, Stahly A, Brar A, Reisz JA, Gerich ME, Fennimore BP, Scott FI, Freeman AE, Kuhn KA. Multi 'Omics Analysis of Intestinal Tissue in Ankylosing Spondylitis Identifies Alterations in the Tryptophan Metabolism Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:587119. [PMID: 33746944 PMCID: PMC7966505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.587119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbial dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation, and Th17 immunity are all linked to the pathophysiology of spondyloarthritis (SpA); however, the mechanisms linking them remain unknown. One potential hypothesis suggests that the dysbiotic gut microbiome as a whole produces metabolites that influence human immune cells. To identify potential disease-relevant, microbiome-produced metabolites, we performed metabolomics screening and shotgun metagenomics on paired colon biopsies and fecal samples, respectively, from subjects with axial SpA (axSpA, N=21), Crohn's disease (CD, N=27), and Crohn's-axSpA overlap (CD-axSpA, N=12), as well as controls (HC, N=24). Using LC-MS based metabolomics of 4 non-inflamed pinch biopsies of the distal colon from subjects, we identified significant alterations in tryptophan pathway metabolites, including an expansion of indole-3-acetate (IAA) in axSpA and CD-axSpA compared to HC and CD and indole-3-acetaldehyde (I3Ald) in axSpA and CD-axSpA but not CD compared to HC, suggesting possible specificity to the development of axSpA. We then performed shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples to characterize gut microbial dysbiosis across these disease states. In spite of no significant differences in alpha-diversity among the 4 groups, our results confirmed differences in gene abundances of numerous enzymes involved in tryptophan metabolism. Specifically, gene abundance of indolepyruvate decarboxylase, which generates IAA and I3Ald, was significantly elevated in individuals with axSpA while gene abundances in HC demonstrated a propensity towards tryptophan synthesis. Such genetic changes were not observed in CD, again suggesting disease specificity for axSpA. Given the emerging role of tryptophan and its metabolites in immune function, altogether these data indicate that tryptophan metabolism into I3Ald and then IAA is one mechanism by which the gut microbiome potentially influences the development of axSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Berlinberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Emilie H. Regner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ana Brar
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mark E. Gerich
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Blair P. Fennimore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Frank I. Scott
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Alison E. Freeman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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Parker KD, Maurya AK, Ibrahim H, Rao S, Hove PR, Kumar D, Kant R, Raina B, Agarwal R, Kuhn KA, Raina K, Ryan EP. Dietary Rice Bran-Modified Human Gut Microbial Consortia Confers Protection against Colon Carcinogenesis Following Fecal Transfaunation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020144. [PMID: 33546192 PMCID: PMC7913285 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, removed from whole grain rice for white rice milling, has demonstrated efficacy for the control and suppression of colitis and colon cancer in multiple animal models. Dietary rice bran intake was shown to modify human stool metabolites as a result of modifications to metabolism by gut microbiota. In this study, human stool microbiota from colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors that consumed rice bran daily was examined by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for protection from azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced colon carcinogenesis in germ-free mice. Mice transfaunated with rice bran-modified microbiota communities (RMC) harbored fewer neoplastic lesions in the colon and displayed distinct enrichment of Flavonifractor and Oscillibacter associated with colon health, and the depletion of Parabacteroides distasonis correlated with increased tumor burden. Two anti-cancer metabolites, myristoylcarnitine and palmitoylcarnitine were increased in the colon of RMC transplanted mice. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and tartarate that are implicated in CRC development were reduced in murine colon tissue after FMT with rice bran-modified human microbiota. Findings from this study show that rice bran modified gut microbiota from humans confers protection from colon carcinogenesis in mice and suggests integrated dietary-FMT intervention strategies should be tested for colorectal cancer control, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher D. Parker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Akhilendra K. Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Hend Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
| | - Petronella R. Hove
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Bupinder Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (A.K.M.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (B.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (E.P.R.); Tel.: +1-970-491-1536 (E.P.R.)
| | - Elizabeth P. Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (K.D.P.); (H.I.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (E.P.R.); Tel.: +1-970-491-1536 (E.P.R.)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review will summarize recent data defining the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the microbiome at mucosal sites throughout the body. It will highlight what is known, what is speculated, and current knowledge gaps regarding the microbiome in RA. RECENT FINDINGS An extensive relationship between the microbiome and immune cell function can influence RA-related inflammation and T cell and B cell biology. Studies are beginning to characterize microbial changes in individuals who are at risk for RA, which is a critical element needed to understand the influence of the microbiome on RA pathogenesis. Expanding our understanding of the microbiome in RA beyond the bacteria at the gut and oral mucosae into the lung and urogenital surfaces, including viral and fungal components, and establishing the relationship across mucosal sites will be critical in future work. Importantly, approaches to manipulate the microbiome could lead to novel therapeutic and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Wilson
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brandon Trent
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, 1775 Aurora Court, Mail Stop B-115, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Abstract
New and emerging molecular techniques are expanding understanding of the pathophysiology of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Genome-wide association studies identified novel pathways in antigen processing and presentation as well as helper T cell type 17 (TH17) immunity associated with SpA. Immune cell profiling techniques have supported TH17 immune responses and increasingly are revealing intestinal mucosal immune cells as associated with disease. Emerging technologies in epigenetics, transcriptomics, microbiome, and proteomics/metabolomics are adding to these, refining disease pathways and potentially identifying biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment responses. This review describes many of the new molecular techniques that are being utilized to investigate SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Berlinberg
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Court Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Court Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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34
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Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are a unique symbiotic environment between a host and a vast and diverse ecology of microbes. These microbes have great immunomodulatory potential with respect to the host organism. Indeed, the mucosal immune system strikes a delicate balance between tolerance of commensal organisms and overt inflammation to ward off pathogens. Disruptions of the microbial ecology at mucosal surfaces has been described in a vast number of different human disease processes including many forms of arthritis, and the resulting implications are still being understood to their fullest. Herein, we review the current state of knowledge in microbe-host interactions as it relates to the development of arthritis through bacterial translocation, bacterial metabolite production, education of the immune response, and molecular mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Chriswell
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Ct. Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 1775 Aurora Ct. Mail Stop B115, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Kuhn KA, Morrison TE. Introduction: Evolution of inflammatory arthritis from innate to adaptive immune mechanisms. Immunol Rev 2020; 294:5-8. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A. Kuhn
- Divison of Rheumatology Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado
| | - Thomas E. Morrison
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado
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Siebert JC, Neff CP, Schneider JM, Regner EH, Ohri N, Kuhn KA, Palmer BE, Lozupone CA, Görg C. VOLARE: visual analysis of disease-associated microbiome-immune system interplay. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:432. [PMID: 31429723 PMCID: PMC6701114 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Relationships between specific microbes and proper immune system development, composition, and function have been reported in a number of studies. However, researchers have discovered only a fraction of the likely relationships. “Omic” methodologies such as 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) immunophenotyping generate data that support generation of hypotheses, with the potential to identify additional relationships at a level of granularity ripe for further experimentation. Pairwise linear regressions between microbial and host immune features provide one approach for quantifying relationships between “omes”, and the differences in these relationships across study cohorts or arms. This approach yields a top table of candidate results. However, the top table alone lacks the detail that domain experts such as microbiologists and immunologists need to vet candidate results for follow-up experiments. Results To support this vetting, we developed VOLARE (Visualization Of LineAr Regression Elements), a web application that integrates a searchable top table, small in-line graphs illustrating the fitted models, a network summarizing the top table, and on-demand detailed regression plots showing full sample-level detail. We applied VOLARE to three case studies—microbiome:cytokine data from fecal samples in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), microbiome:cytokine data in inflammatory bowel disease and spondyloarthritis, and microbiome:immune cell data from gut biopsies in HIV. We present both patient-specific phenomena and relationships that differ by disease state. We also analyzed interaction data from system logs to characterize usage scenarios. This log analysis revealed that users frequently generated detailed regression plots, suggesting that this detail aids the vetting of results. Conclusions Systematically integrating microbe:immune cell readouts through pairwise linear regressions and presenting the top table in an interactive environment supports the vetting of results for scientific relevance. VOLARE allows domain experts to control the analysis of their results, screening dozens of candidate relationships with ease. This interactive environment transcends the limitations of a static top table. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12859-019-3021-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C Siebert
- Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. .,CytoAnalytics, Denver, CO, 80113, USA.
| | - Charles Preston Neff
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer M Schneider
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Emilie H Regner
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Neha Ohri
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Brent E Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Catherine A Lozupone
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Hernandez G, Mills TS, Rabe JL, Chavez JS, Kuldanek S, Kirkpatrick G, Noetzli L, Jubair WK, Zanche M, Myers JR, Stevens BM, Fleenor CJ, Adane B, Dinarello CA, Ashton J, Jordan CT, Di Paola J, Hagman JR, Holers VM, Kuhn KA, Pietras EM. Pro-inflammatory cytokine blockade attenuates myeloid expansion in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis. Haematologica 2019; 105:585-597. [PMID: 31101752 PMCID: PMC7049366 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.197210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and progressive destruction of joint tissue. It is also characterized by aberrant blood phenotypes including anemia and suppressed lymphopoiesis that contribute to morbidity in RA patients. However, the impact of RA on hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has not been fully elucidated. Using a collagen-induced mouse model of human RA, we identified systemic inflammation and myeloid overproduction associated with activation of a myeloid differentiation gene program in HSC. Surprisingly, despite ongoing inflammation, HSC from arthritic mice remain in a quiescent state associated with activation of a proliferation arrest gene program. Strikingly, we found that inflammatory cytokine blockade using the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra led to an attenuation of inflammatory arthritis and myeloid expansion in the bone marrow of arthritic mice. In addition, anakinra reduced expression of inflammation-driven myeloid lineage and proliferation arrest gene programs in HSC of arthritic mice. Altogether, our findings show that inflammatory cytokine blockade can contribute to normalization of hematopoiesis in the context of chronic autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny Hernandez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Taylor S Mills
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jennifer L Rabe
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - James S Chavez
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Susan Kuldanek
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Gregory Kirkpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Leila Noetzli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Widian K Jubair
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Michelle Zanche
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Brett M Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Courtney J Fleenor
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO.,Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Biniam Adane
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Charles A Dinarello
- Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Jorge Di Paola
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - James R Hagman
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO.,Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Eric M Pietras
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO .,Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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38
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Soderborg TK, Clark SE, Mulligan CE, Janssen RC, Babcock L, Ir D, Young B, Krebs N, Lemas DJ, Johnson LK, Weir T, Lenz LL, Frank DN, Hernandez TL, Kuhn KA, D'Alessandro A, Barbour LA, El Kasmi KC, Friedman JE. The gut microbiota in infants of obese mothers increases inflammation and susceptibility to NAFLD. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4462. [PMID: 30367045 PMCID: PMC6203757 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk for offspring obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the causal drivers of this association are unclear. Early colonization of the infant gut by microbes plays a critical role in establishing immunity and metabolic function. Here, we compare germ-free mice colonized with stool microbes (MB) from 2-week-old infants born to obese (Inf-ObMB) or normal-weight (Inf-NWMB) mothers. Inf-ObMB-colonized mice demonstrate increased hepatic gene expression for endoplasmic reticulum stress and innate immunity together with histological signs of periportal inflammation, a histological pattern more commonly reported in pediatric cases of NAFLD. Inf-ObMB mice show increased intestinal permeability, reduced macrophage phagocytosis, and dampened cytokine production suggestive of impaired macrophage function. Furthermore, exposure to a Western-style diet in Inf-ObMB mice promotes excess weight gain and accelerates NAFLD. Overall, these results provide functional evidence supporting a causative role of maternal obesity-associated infant dysbiosis in childhood obesity and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor K Soderborg
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Sarah E Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Christopher E Mulligan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Rachel C Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Lyndsey Babcock
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Diana Ir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Bridget Young
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics; Allergy and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Nancy Krebs
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Dominick J Lemas
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.,Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Linda K Johnson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tiffany Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523, CO, USA
| | - Laurel L Lenz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Teri L Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.,College of Nursing, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Linda A Barbour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.
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Regner EH, Ohri N, Stahly A, Gerich ME, Fennimore BP, Ir D, Jubair WK, Görg C, Siebert J, Robertson CE, Caplan L, Frank DN, Kuhn KA. Functional intraepithelial lymphocyte changes in inflammatory bowel disease and spondyloarthritis have disease specific correlations with intestinal microbiota. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:149. [PMID: 30029674 PMCID: PMC6053728 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysbiosis occurs in spondyloarthritis (SpA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is subdivided into Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The immunologic consequences of alterations in microbiota, however, have not been defined. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are T cells within the intestinal epithelium that are in close contact with bacteria and are likely to be modulated by changes in microbiota. We examined differences in human gut-associated bacteria and tested correlation with functional changes in IELs in patients with axial SpA (axSpA), CD, or UC, and in controls. Methods We conducted a case-control study to evaluate IELs from pinch biopsies of grossly normal colonic tissue from subjects with biopsy-proven CD or UC, axSpA fulfilling Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria and from controls during endoscopy. IELs were harvested and characterized by flow cytometry for cell surface markers. Secreted cytokines were measured by ELISA. Microbiome analysis was by 16S rRNA gene sequencing from rectal swabs. Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman’s rank tests. Results The total number of IELs was significantly decreased in subjects with axSpA compared to those with IBD and controls, likely due to a decrease in TCRβ+ IELs. We found strong, significant negative correlation between peripheral lymphocyte count and IEL number. IELs secreted significantly increased IL-1β in patients with UC, significantly increased IL-17A and IFN-γ in patients with CD, and significantly increased TNF-α in patients with CD and axSpA as compared to other cohorts. For each disease subtype, IELs and IEL-produced cytokines were positively and negatively correlated with the relative abundance of multiple bacterial taxa. Conclusions Our data indicate differences in IEL function among subjects with axSpA, CD, and UC compared to healthy controls. We propose that the observed correlation between altered microbiota and IEL function in these populations are relevant to the pathogenesis of axSpA and IBD, and discuss possible mechanisms. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02389075. Registered on 17 March 2015. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1639-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie H Regner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neha Ohri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Stahly
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark E Gerich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Blair P Fennimore
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diana Ir
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Widian K Jubair
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carsten Görg
- Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Janet Siebert
- Computational Bioscience Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles E Robertson
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Liron Caplan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Denver VAMC), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Daniel N Frank
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Jubair WK, Hendrickson JD, Severs EL, Schulz HM, Adhikari S, Ir D, Pagan JD, Anthony RM, Robertson CE, Frank DN, Banda NK, Kuhn KA. Modulation of Inflammatory Arthritis in Mice by Gut Microbiota Through Mucosal Inflammation and Autoantibody Generation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018. [PMID: 29534332 DOI: 10.1002/art.40490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observations of microbial dysbiosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have raised interest in studying microbial-mucosal interactions as a potential trigger of RA. Using the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, we undertook this study to test our hypothesis that microbiota modulate immune responses leading to autoimmune arthritis. METHODS CIA was induced by immunization of mice with type II collagen (CII) in adjuvant on days 0 and 21, with arthritis appearing on days 23 and 24. Intestinal microbiota were profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing every 7 days during the course of CIA, and intestinal mucosal changes were evaluated on days 14 and 35. Then, microbiota were depleted either early (7 days before immunization) or late (day 21 after immunization) by administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Disease severity, autoantibody and systemic cytokine production, and intestinal mucosal responses were monitored in the setting of microbial reduction. RESULTS Significant dysbiosis and mucosal inflammation occurred early in CIA, prior to visible arthritis, and continued to evolve during the course of disease. Depletion of the microbiota prior to the induction of CIA resulted in an ~40% reduction in disease severity and in significantly reduced levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and anti-CII antibodies. In intestinal tissue, production of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-22 was delayed. Unexpectedly, microbial depletion during the late phase of CIA resulted in a >50% decrease in disease severity. Anti-CII antibodies were mildly reduced but were significantly impaired in their ability to activate complement, likely due to altered glycosylation profiles. CONCLUSION These data support a model in which intestinal dysbiosis triggers mucosal immune responses that stimulate T and B cells that are key for the development of inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Diana Ir
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora
| | - Jose D Pagan
- Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Kuhn KA, Schulz HM, Regner EH, Severs EL, Hendrickson JD, Mehta G, Whitney AK, Ir D, Ohri N, Robertson CE, Frank DN, Campbell EL, Colgan SP. Bacteroidales recruit IL-6-producing intraepithelial lymphocytes in the colon to promote barrier integrity. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:357-368. [PMID: 28812548 PMCID: PMC5815964 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the microbiota and distal gut are important for the maintenance of a healthy intestinal barrier; dysbiosis of intestinal microbial communities has emerged as a likely contributor to diseases that arise at the level of the mucosa. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) are positioned within the epithelial barrier, and in the small intestine they function to maintain epithelial homeostasis. We hypothesized that colon IELs promote epithelial barrier function through the expression of cytokines in response to interactions with commensal bacteria. Profiling of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA revealed that candidate bacteria in the order Bacteroidales are sufficient to promote IEL presence in the colon that in turn produce interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response 88)-dependent manner. IEL-derived IL-6 is functionally important in the maintenance of the epithelial barrier as IL-6-/- mice were noted to have increased paracellular permeability, decreased claudin-1 expression, and a thinner mucus gel layer, all of which were reversed by transfer of IL-6+/+ IELs, leading to protection of mice in response to Citrobacter rodentium infection. Therefore, we conclude that microbiota provide a homeostatic role for epithelial barrier function through regulation of IEL-derived IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A. Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Hanna M. Schulz
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Emilie H. Regner
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Erin L. Severs
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Jason D. Hendrickson
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Gaurav Mehta
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Alyssa K. Whitney
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Diana Ir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Neha Ohri
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Charles E. Robertson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Eric L. Campbell
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO
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Deane KD, Demoruelle MK, Kelmenson LB, Kuhn KA, Norris JM, Holers VM. Genetic and environmental risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017; 31:3-18. [PMID: 29221595 PMCID: PMC5726551 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple genetic and environmental factors have been associated with an increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of these, the strongest associations have been seen with female sex, a family history of RA, the genetic factor the "shared epitope," and exposure to tobacco smoke. There is also renewed interest in mucosal inflammation and microbial factors as contributors to the development of RA. However, the identification of a "preclinical" period of RA that can be defined as local or systemic autoimmunity as measured by autoantibodies and other biomarkers prior to the development of clinically apparent synovitis suggests that the risk factors for RA are acting long prior to first clinical evidence of IA. As such, a major challenge to the field will be to investigate the full spectrum of the development of RA, from initiation and propagation of autoimmunity during preclinical RA and transition to clinically apparent synovitis and classifiable RA, to determine which genetic and environmental factors are important at each stage of disease development. Understanding the exact role and timing of action of risk factors for RA is especially important given the advent of prevention trials in RA, and the hope that a full understanding of genetic and environmental factors in RA could lead to effective preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA.
| | | | - Lindsay B Kelmenson
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, USA
| | - V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, USA
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Whitney AK, Schwisow KD, Bayless AJ, Golden-Mason L, Mehta G, Kuhn KA, Colgan SP, Campbell EL. Goblet cell Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) is necessary for mucin processing and maintenance of mucosal integrity. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.136.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Secreted mucus is essential for intestinal homeostasis, separating luminal bacteria from the colonic epithelium and preventing inappropriate inflammation. Perturbations in goblet cell mucus secretion have been shown to lead to spontaneous colitis in mice. Treatment of mice with a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (AKB-4924) leads to stabilization of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes that promote mucosal protection. Interestingly, goblet cell hyperplasia was observed following in vivo administration of AKB-4924, which may account for the mucosal protection observed. Thus, we hypothesized epithelial stabilization of HIF-1α leads to goblet cell differentiation.
Utilizing 3D murine colonic organoid system, treated with a gamma secretase inhibitor (DBZ), AKB-4924 or hypoxia, we analyzed changes in differentiation markers by qPCR. Contrary to our hypothesis, neither AKB-4924 nor hypoxia resulted in the induction of goblet cell differentiation factors. Furthermore, mice lacking HIF-1α in the intestinal epithelium (HIF-1αfl/fl-VillinCRE) exhibited normal colonic goblet cell numbers. However, these goblet cells appeared less organized with diffuse mucin granules. Fluorescent in situ hybridization with a eubacterial probe revealed diminished thickness, with reduced proximity to the microbiome in HIF−/− mice. Finally, profiling the composition of the mucus layer revealed significantly altered expression profile of both secreted and adherent mucins.
We conclude that epithelial HIF-1α alters goblet cell function, regulating intestinal mucus, which may contribute to the mucosal-protective role of HIF.
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Denaxas S, Friedman CP, Geissbuhler A, Hemingway H, Kalra D, Kimura M, Kuhn KA, Payne TH, Payne HA, de Quiros FGB, Wyatt JC. Discussion of "Combining Health Data Uses to Ignite Health System Learning". Methods Inf Med 2015; 54:488-99. [PMID: 26538343 DOI: 10.3414/me15-12-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article is part of a For-Discussion-Section of Methods of Information in Medicine about the paper "Combining Health Data Uses to Ignite Health System Learning" written by John D. Ainsworth and Iain E. Buchan [1]. It is introduced by an editorial. This article contains the combined commentaries invited to independently comment on the paper of Ainsworth and Buchan. In subsequent issues the discussion can continue through letters to the editor. With these comments on the paper "Combining Health Data Uses to Ignite Health System Learning", written by John D. Ainsworth and Iain E. Buchan [1], the journal seeks to stimulate a broad discussion on new ways for combining data sources for the reuse of health data in order to identify new opportunities for health system learning. An international group of experts has been invited by the editor of Methods to comment on this paper. Each of the invited commentaries forms one section of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Denaxas
- Spiros Denaxas, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, 222 Euston Road, London NW1 2DA, United Kingdom, E-mail:
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Hickey CA, Kuhn KA, Donermeyer DL, Porter NT, Jin C, Cameron EA, Jung H, Kaiko GE, Wegorzewska M, Malvin NP, Glowacki RWP, Hansson GC, Allen PM, Martens EC, Stappenbeck TS. Colitogenic Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Antigens Access Host Immune Cells in a Sulfatase-Dependent Manner via Outer Membrane Vesicles. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 17:672-80. [PMID: 25974305 PMCID: PMC4432250 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbes interact with the host immune system via several potential mechanisms. One essential step for each mechanism is the method by which intestinal microbes or their antigens access specific host immune cells. Using genetically susceptible mice (dnKO) that develop spontaneous, fulminant colitis, triggered by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. theta), we investigated the mechanism of intestinal microbial access under conditions that stimulate colonic inflammation. B. theta antigens localized to host immune cells through outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that harbor bacterial sulfatase activity. We deleted the anaerobic sulfatase maturating enzyme (anSME) from B. theta, which is required for post-translational activation of all B. theta sulfatase enzymes. This bacterial mutant strain did not stimulate colitis in dnKO mice. Lastly, access of B. theta OMVs to host immune cells was sulfatase dependent. These data demonstrate that bacterial OMVs and associated enzymes promote inflammatory immune stimulation in genetically susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina A Hickey
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David L Donermeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nathan T Porter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haerin Jung
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gerard E Kaiko
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marta Wegorzewska
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicole P Malvin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robert W P Glowacki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gunnar C Hansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul M Allen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Thaddeus S Stappenbeck
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Saeedi BJ, Kao DJ, Kitzenberg DA, Dobrinskikh E, Schwisow KD, Masterson JC, Kendrick AA, Kelly CJ, Bayless AJ, Kominsky DJ, Campbell EL, Kuhn KA, Furuta GT, Colgan SP, Glover LE. HIF-dependent regulation of claudin-1 is central to intestinal epithelial tight junction integrity. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2252-62. [PMID: 25904334 PMCID: PMC4462943 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-07-1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates a critical link between hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and claudin-1 (CLDN1). HIF1β-deficient intestinal epithelial cells develop abnormal tight junction (TJ) structure and have striking barrier defects. CLDN1 is an HIF target gene, and overexpression of CLDN1 in HIF1β-deficient cells restores TJ structure and function. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are exposed to profound fluctuations in oxygen tension and have evolved adaptive transcriptional responses to a low-oxygen environment. These adaptations are mediated primarily through the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) complex. Given the central role of the IEC in barrier function, we sought to determine whether HIF influenced epithelial tight junction (TJ) structure and function. Initial studies revealed that short hairpin RNA–mediated depletion of the HIF1β in T84 cells resulted in profound defects in barrier and nonuniform, undulating TJ morphology. Global HIF1α chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis identified claudin-1 (CLDN1) as a prominent HIF target gene. Analysis of HIF1β-deficient IEC revealed significantly reduced levels of CLDN1. Overexpression of CLDN1 in HIF1β-deficient cells resulted in resolution of morphological abnormalities and restoration of barrier function. ChIP and site-directed mutagenesis revealed prominent hypoxia response elements in the CLDN1 promoter region. Subsequent in vivo analysis revealed the importance of HIF-mediated CLDN1 expression during experimental colitis. These results identify a critical link between HIF and specific tight junction function, providing important insight into mechanisms of HIF-regulated epithelial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bejan J Saeedi
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Daniel J Kao
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - David A Kitzenberg
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kayla D Schwisow
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Department of Pediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Agnieszka A Kendrick
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Caleb J Kelly
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Amanda J Bayless
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Douglas J Kominsky
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Eric L Campbell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Glenn T Furuta
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Louise E Glover
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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Kelly CJ, Zheng L, Campbell EL, Saeedi B, Scholz CC, Bayless AJ, Wilson KE, Glover LE, Kominsky DJ, Magnuson A, Weir TL, Ehrentraut SF, Pickel C, Kuhn KA, Lanis JM, Nguyen V, Taylor CT, Colgan SP. Crosstalk between Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Intestinal Epithelial HIF Augments Tissue Barrier Function. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 17:662-71. [PMID: 25865369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 986] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the microbiota and distal gut are fundamental determinants of human health. Such interactions are concentrated at the colonic mucosa and provide energy for the host epithelium through the production of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. We sought to determine the role of epithelial butyrate metabolism in establishing the austere oxygenation profile of the distal gut. Bacteria-derived butyrate affects epithelial O2 consumption and results in stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a transcription factor coordinating barrier protection. Antibiotic-mediated depletion of the microbiota reduces colonic butyrate and HIF expression, both of which are restored by butyrate supplementation. Additionally, germ-free mice exhibit diminished retention of O2-sensitive dyes and decreased stabilized HIF. Furthermore, the influences of butyrate are lost in cells lacking HIF, thus linking butyrate metabolism to stabilized HIF and barrier function. This work highlights a mechanism where host-microbe interactions augment barrier function in the distal gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb J Kelly
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Leon Zheng
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Eric L Campbell
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bejan Saeedi
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda J Bayless
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kelly E Wilson
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Louise E Glover
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Douglas J Kominsky
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Aaron Magnuson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Stefan F Ehrentraut
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Bonn, Bonn 53113, Germany
| | - Christina Pickel
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jordi M Lanis
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Vu Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cormac T Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Abstract
IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine often associated with inflammation. Inhibition of this pathway has led to successful treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but one unforeseen potential complication of anti-IL-6 therapy is bowel perforation. Within the intestine, IL-6 has been shown to prevent epithelial apoptosis during prolonged inflammation. The role of IL-6 in the intestine during an initial inflammatory insult is unknown. Here, we evaluate the role of IL-6 at the onset of an inflammatory injury. Using two murine models of bowel injury - wound by biopsy and bacterial triggered colitis - we demonstrated that IL-6 is induced soon after injury by multiple cell types including intraepithelial lymphocytes. Inhibition of IL-6 resulted in impaired wound healing due to decreased epithelial proliferation. Using intestinal tissue obtained from patients who underwent surgical resection of the colon due to traumatic perforation, we observed cells with detectable IL-6 within the area of perforation and not at distant sites. Our data demonstrate the important role of IL-6 produced in part by intraepithelial lymphocytes at the onset of an inflammatory injury for epithelial proliferation and wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A. Kuhn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Nicholas A. Manieri
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ta-Chiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thaddeus S. Stappenbeck
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The etiology of most systemic autoimmune diseases remains unknown. There is often a preclinical period of systemic autoimmunity prior to the onset of clinically classifiable disease; established and emerging data suggest that dysregulated immune interactions with commensal microbiota may play a role in the initial generation of autoimmunity in this preclinical period. This article reviews potential mechanisms by which alterations of healthy microbiota may induce autoimmunity as well as mucosal microbial associations with autoimmune diseases. If mucosal microbiota lead to the development of autoimmunity, these mucosal sites, microorganisms, and immunologic mechanisms can be targeted to prevent the onset of systemic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Isabel Pedraza
- Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - M Kristen Demoruelle
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Wendler J, Gast K, Blaser R, Kuhn KA, Fassnacht M, Spitzweg C, Kroiss M. Towards a registry for rare malignant tumors of the thyroid. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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