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Xia J, He X, Yang W, Song H, Yang J, Zhang G, Yang Z, Chen H, Liang Z, Kollie L, Abozeid A, Zhang X, Li Z, Yang D. Unveiling the distribution of chemical constituents at different body parts and maturity stages of Ganoderma lingzhi by combining metabolomics with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI). Food Chem 2024; 436:137737. [PMID: 37857205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lingzhi is an important medicinal fungus, which is widely used as dietary supplement and for pharmaceutical industries. However, the spatial distribution and dynamic accumulation pattern of active components such as ganoderic acids (GAs) among different parts of G. lingzhi fruiting body are still unclear. In this study, desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) with untargeted metabolomics analysis was applied to investigate the metabolites distribution within G. lingzhi fruiting body at four different maturity stages (squaring, opening, maturation and harvesting stage). A total of 132 metabolites were characterized from G. lingzhi, including 115 triterpenoids, 11 fatty acids and other component. Most of the GAs content in the cap was significantly higher than that in the stipe, with six components such as ganoderic acid B being extremely significant. GAs in the cap was mainly present in the bottom edge of the mediostratum layer, such as ganoderic A-I and ganoderic GS-1, while in the stipe, they were mainly distributed in the shell layer and the context layer, such as ganoderic A-F. Most ganoderic acids content in both the stipe and the cap of G. lingzhi was gradually decreased with the development of G. lingzhi. The GAs in the stipe was gradually transferred from the shell layer to the content layer, while the distribution of GAs among different tissues of the cap was not significantly changed. In addition, linoleic acid, 9-HODE, 9-KODE and other fatty acids were mainly accumulated in the opening and maturing stage of the caps. This study further clarifies the spatial dynamic distribution of GAs in G. lingzhi fruiting body at four different maturity stages (squaring, opening, maturation and harvesting stage), which provides a basis for the rational utilization of the medicinal parts of G. lingzhi. Furthermore, mass spectrometry imaging combined with non-target metabolome analysis provides a powerful tool for the spatial distribution of active substances in the different regions of the medicinal edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xia
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Song
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jihong Yang
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongqi Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haimin Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicne Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for the Development Technology of Medicinal and Edible Health Food, Shaoxing, China
| | - Larwubah Kollie
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ann Abozeid
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkoom, Egypt
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Zhejiang Shouxiangu Botanical Drug Institute Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China; Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicne Co., Ltd of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for the Development Technology of Medicinal and Edible Health Food, Shaoxing, China.
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Seth T, Asija S, Umar S, Gupta R. The intricate role of lipids in orchestrating plant defense responses. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111904. [PMID: 37925973 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are exposed to a variety of pests and pathogens that reduce crop productivity. Plants respond to such attacks by activating a sophisticated signaling cascade that initiates with the recognition of pests/pathogens and may culminate into a resistance response. Lipids, being the structural components of cellular membranes, function as mediators of these signaling cascades and thus are instrumental in the regulation of plant defense responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that various lipids such as oxylipins, phospholipids, glycolipids, glycerolipids, sterols, and sphingolipids, among others, are involved in mediating cell signaling during plant-pathogen interaction with each lipid exhibiting a specific biological relevance, follows a distinct biosynthetic mechanism, and contributes to specific signaling cascade(s). Omics studies have further confirmed the involvement of lipid biosynthetic enzymes including the family of phospholipases in the production of defense signaling molecules subsequent to pathogen attack. Lipids participate in stress signaling by (1) mediating the signal transduction, (2) acting as precursors for bioactive molecules, (3) regulating ROS formation, and (4) interacting with various phytohormones to orchestrate the defense response in plants. In this review, we present the biosynthetic pathways of different lipids, their specific functions, and their intricate roles upstream and downstream of phytohormones under pathogen attack to get a deeper insight into the molecular mechanism of lipids-mediated regulation of defense responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanashvi Seth
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sejal Asija
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, South Korea.
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Ube N, Katsuyama Y, Kariya K, Tebayashi SI, Sue M, Tohnooka T, Ueno K, Taketa S, Ishihara A. Identification of methoxylchalcones produced in response to CuCl 2 treatment and pathogen infection in barley. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112650. [PMID: 33529859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in specialized metabolites were analyzed in barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves treated with CuCl2 solution as an elicitor. LC-MS analysis of the CuCl2-treated leaves showed the induced accumulation of three compounds. Among them, two were purified by silica gel and ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC and were identified as 2',3,4,4',6'-pentamethoxychalcone and 2'-hydroxy-3,4,4',6'-tetramethoxychalcone by spectroscopic analyses. The remaining compound was determined as 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a major oxylipin in plants, by comparing its spectrum and retention time from LC-MS/MS analysis with those of the authentic compound. The accumulation of these compounds was reproduced in leaves inoculated with Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of spot blotch of the Poaceae species. This inoculation increased the amounts of other oxylipins, including jasmonic acid (JA), JA-Ile, 9-oxooctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (9-KODE), and 13-oxooctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (13-KODE). The treatments of the barley leaves with JA and OPDA induced the accumulation of methoxylchalcones, but treatment with 9-KODE did not. These methoxylchalcones inhibited conidial germination of B. sorokiniana and Fusarium graminearum, thereby indicating that these compounds possessed antifungal activity. Consequently, they are considered to be involved in the chemical defense processes as phytoalexins in barley. Accumulation of methoxylchalcones in response to JA treatment was observed in all seven barley cultivars tested, but was not detected in other wild Hordeum species, wheat, and rice, thus indicating that their production was specific to cultivated barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ube
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuhka Katsuyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kariya
- Graduate School of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Tebayashi
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine Science, Kochi University, Monobe, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8502, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sue
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 243-0034, Japan
| | - Takuji Tohnooka
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-8518, Japan
| | - Kotomi Ueno
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan
| | - Shin Taketa
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ishihara
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8553, Japan.
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Tan Y, Li Q, Zhao Y, Wei H, Wang J, Baker CJ, Liu Q, Wei W. Integration of metabolomics and existing omics data reveals new insights into phytoplasma-induced metabolic reprogramming in host plants. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246203. [PMID: 33539421 PMCID: PMC7861385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplasmas are cell wall-less bacteria that induce abnormal plant growth and various diseases, causing severe economic loss. Phytoplasmas are highly dependent on nutrients imported from host cells because they have lost many genes involved in essential metabolic pathways during reductive evolution. However, metabolic crosstalk between phytoplasmas and host plants and the mechanisms of phytoplasma nutrient acquisition remain poorly understood. In this study, using metabolomics approach, sweet cherry virescence (SCV) phytoplasma-induced metabolite alterations in sweet cherry trees were investigated. A total of 676 metabolites were identified in SCV phytoplasma-infected and mock inoculated leaves, of which 187 metabolites were differentially expressed, with an overwhelming majority belonging to carbohydrates, fatty acids/lipids, amino acids, and flavonoids. Available omics data of interactions between plant and phytoplasma were also deciphered and integrated into the present study. The results demonstrated that phytoplasma infection promoted glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway activities, which provide energy and nutrients, and facilitate biosynthesis of necessary low-molecular metabolites. Our findings indicated that phytoplasma can induce reprograming of plant metabolism to obtain nutrients for its own replication and infection. The findings from this study provide new insight into interactions of host plants and phytoplasmas from a nutrient acquisition perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tan
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | - Qingliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- United States Department of Agriculture, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Hairong Wei
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, China
| | - Con Jacyn Baker
- United States Department of Agriculture, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | | | - Wei Wei
- United States Department of Agriculture, Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
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Silva E, da Graça JP, Porto C, Martin do Prado R, Hoffmann-Campo CB, Meyer MC, de Oliveira Nunes E, Pilau EJ. Unraveling Asian Soybean Rust metabolomics using mass spectrometry and Molecular Networking approach. Sci Rep 2020; 10:138. [PMID: 31924833 PMCID: PMC6954191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asian Soybean Rust (ASR), caused by the biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a devastating disease with an estimated crop yield loss of up to 90%. Yet, there is a nerf of information on the metabolic response of soybean plants to the pathogen Untargeted metabolomics and Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking platform approach was used to explore soybean metabolome modulation to P. pachyrhizi infection. Soybean plants susceptible to ASR was inoculated with P. pachyrhizi spore suspension and non-inoculated plants were used as controls. Leaves from both groups were collected 14 days post-inoculation and extracted using different extractor solvent mixtures. The extracts were analyzed on an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system coupled to high-definition electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. There was a significant production of defense secondary metabolites (phenylpropanoids, terpenoids and flavonoids) when P. pachyrhizi infected soybean plants, such as putatively identified liquiritigenin, coumestrol, formononetin, pisatin, medicarpin, biochanin A, glyoceollidin I, glyoceollidin II, glyoceollin I, glyoceolidin II, glyoceolidin III, glyoceolidin IV, glyoceolidin VI. Primary metabolites (amino acids, peptides and lipids) also were putatively identified. This is the first report using untargeted metabolomics and GNPS-Molecular Networking approach to explore ASR in soybean plants. Our data provide insights into the potential role of some metabolites in the plant resistance to ASR, which could result in the development of resistant genotypes of soybean to P. pachyrhizi, and effective and specific products against the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Silva
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 5790, Colombo Av, Maringá, PR, 87020-080, Brazil
| | - José Perez da Graça
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Soybean, Carlos João Strass Rd, Londrina, PR, 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Carla Porto
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 5790, Colombo Av, Maringá, PR, 87020-080, Brazil
- Master in Science, Technology and Food Safety, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation - ICETI, University Center of Maringá - UNICESUMAR, 1610, Guedner Av, Maringá, PR, 87050-900, Brazil
| | - Rodolpho Martin do Prado
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 5790, Colombo Av, Maringá, PR, 87020-080, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, 5790, Colombo Av, Maringá, PR, 87020-080, Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Conrado Meyer
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Soybean, Carlos João Strass Rd, Londrina, PR, 86001-970, Brazil
| | - Estela de Oliveira Nunes
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Soybean, Carlos João Strass Rd, Londrina, PR, 86001-970, Brazil
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Swine and Poultry, BR-153, Km 110 Distrito de Tamanduá, SC, 89715-899, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Jorge Pilau
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, 5790, Colombo Av, Maringá, PR, 87020-080, Brazil.
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Xie Z, Wang J, Wang W, Wang Y, Xu J, Li Z, Zhao X, Fu B. Integrated Analysis of the Transcriptome and Metabolome Revealed the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Enhanced Salt Tolerance of Rice Due to the Application of Exogenous Melatonin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:618680. [PMID: 33519878 PMCID: PMC7840565 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.618680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
High salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting rice production. Melatonin has been implicated in the salt tolerance of rice. However, the molecular basis of melatonin-mediated salt tolerance in rice remains unclear. In the present study, we performed an integrated transcriptome and metabolome profiling of rice seedlings treated with salt, melatonin, or salt + melatonin. The application of exogenous melatonin increased the salt tolerance of rice plants by decreasing the sodium content to maintain Na+/K+ homeostasis, alleviating membrane lipid oxidation, and enhancing chlorophyll contention. A comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that complex molecular pathways contribute to melatonin-mediated salt tolerance. More specifically, the AP2/EREBP-HB-WRKY transcriptional cascade and phytohormone (e.g., auxin and abscisic acid) signaling pathways were activated by an exogenous melatonin treatment. On the basis of metabolome profiles, 64 metabolites, such as amino acids, organic acids, nucleotides, and secondary metabolites, were identified with increased abundances only in plants treated with salt + melatonin. Several of these metabolites including endogenous melatonin and its intermediates (5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, N 1-acetyl-N 2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine), gallic acid, diosmetin, and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside had antioxidant functions, suggesting melatonin activates multiple antioxidant pathways to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed a few gene-metabolite networks related to various pathways, including linoleic acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism that are important for melatonin-mediated salt tolerance. The data presented herein may be useful for further elucidating the multiple regulatory roles of melatonin in plant responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Xie
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuqin Zhao,
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Binying Fu,
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Ishihara A, Ando K, Yoshioka A, Murata K, Kokubo Y, Morimoto N, Ube N, Yabuta Y, Ueno M, Tebayashi SI, Ueno K, Osaki-Oka K. Induction of defense responses by extracts of spent mushroom substrates in rice. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2019; 44:89-96. [PMID: 31148936 PMCID: PMC6529750 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d18-063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of treatment with hot water extracts from the spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) of Lentinula edodes and Hypsizygus marmoreus on the resistance of rice leaves to Pyricularia oryzae infection. The spraying of the SMS extracts clearly suppressed the development of lesions caused by Py. oryzae infection. The accumulation of phytoalexins momilactones A and B, oryzalexin A, and sakuranetin was markedly induced by the spraying of extracts. The enhanced expression of defense related genes PR1b and PBZ was also found in leaves sprayed with the extracts. Treatments with the extracts also affected phytohormone levels. The levels of N 6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine and trans-zeatin markedly increased in response to treatment, whereas the levels of salicylic and jasmonic acids were largely unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kana Ando
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University
| | | | | | - Yu Kokubo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University
| | | | - Naoki Ube
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University
| | | | - Makoto Ueno
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University
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