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Baskol Elik D, Yıldırım C, Akyol Seyhan D, Aytac Erdem H, Zeytinoglu A, Pullukcu H, Aydemir SS, Tasbakan M. Evaluation of antibody responses in healthcare workers before & after meningococcal vaccine and determination of meningococcal carriage rates. Vaccine 2024; 42:3961-3967. [PMID: 38719693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The rates of nasopharyngeal meningococcal carriage in healthcare workers are unknown. Meningococcal vaccine is recommended for risk groups but healthcare workers are not included in risk groups for many countries. Herein, we aimed to investigate the nasopharyngeal meningococcal carriage rates, basal and after one dose of Men-ACWY-DT vaccine response on the 30th day by evaluating meningococcus IgG antibody levels and decolonization at month six after vaccination among the detected carriers. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were taken before vaccination to evaluate meningococcal carriage in healthcare workers. All participants received a single dose of Men-ACWY-DT vaccine. Serum samples were collected immediately before vaccination and again on day 30 post-vaccination. Antibodies in the stored sera were analyzed using the ELISA method. Participants who were determined to carry meningococci at the initial visit underwent another round of nasopharyngeal swab tests six months post-vaccination to check for decolonization. Between November 2020 and May 2021, we evaluated samples from 100 physicians [52 % females, 28.28 ± 4.45 (min: 24, max: 49)]. The majority of the physicians worked in the emergency department (45 %), followed by the infectious diseases clinic (14 %). Fifty-eight physicians had a history of at least one contact with a meningococcus-infected patient, and 53 (91.4 %) had used prophylactic antibiotics at least once due to this exposure. None of the study group nasopharyngeal swab cultures were positive for Neisseria meningitidis. Before the Men-ACWY-DT vaccine, anti-meningococcus IgG positivity was detected in the serum samples of only 3 (3 %) participants. By day 30 after vaccination, 48 % of participants showed positive for antibodies. As we didn't detect nasopharyngeal carriage in any participants, we didn't evaluate decolonization among carriers six months post-vaccination. Notably, detection of antibodies was evident in about half of the participants on day 30 after receiving a single dose of the Men-ACWY-DT vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilsah Baskol Elik
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey; Turgutlu State Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Cigdem Yıldırım
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey; Nigde Training and Research Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Deniz Akyol Seyhan
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey; Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Aytac Erdem
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysin Zeytinoglu
- Izmir University of Economics, Medical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey; Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Husnu Pullukcu
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Meltem Tasbakan
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
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Tekin RT, Dinleyici EC, Ceyhan M, Karbuz A, Salman N, Sutçu M, Kurugol Z, Balliel Y, Celik M, Hacimustafaoglu M, Kuyucu N, Kondolot M, Sensoy G, Metin O, Kara SS, Dinleyici M, Kılıç O, Bayhan C, Gurbuz V, Aycan E, Memedova A, Karli A, Bozlu G, Celebi S. The prevalence, serogroup distribution and risk factors of meningococcal carriage in adolescents and young adults in Turkey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:1182-1189. [PMID: 28140784 PMCID: PMC5443366 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1268304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The serogroup epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), which varies considerably by geographic region and immunization schedule, changes continuously. Meningococcal carriage data are crucial for assessing IMD epidemiology and designing f potential vaccination strategies. Meningococcal seroepidemiology in Turkey differs from that in other countries: serogroups W and B are the predominant strains for IMD during childhood, whereas no serogroup C cases were identified over the last 10 y and no adolescent peak for IMD was found. There is a lack of data on meningococcal carriage that represents the whole population. The aims of this multicenter study (12 cities in Turkey) were to evaluate the prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage, the serogroup distribution and the related risk factors (educational status, living in a dormitory or student house, being a household contact with Hajj pilgrims, smoking, completion of military service, attending bars/clubs) in 1518 adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 y. The presence of N. meningitidis DNA was tested, and a serogroup analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction. The overall meningococcal carriage rate was 6.3% (n = 96) in the study population. A serogroup distribution of the 96 N. meningitidis strains isolated from the nasopharyngeal specimens revealed serogroup A in 5 specimens (5.2%), serogroup B in 9 specimens (9.4%), serogroup W in 64 specimens (66.6%), and serogroup Y in 4 specimens (4.2%); 14 were classified as non-grouped (14.4%). No serogroup C cases were detected. The nasopharyngeal meningococcal carriage rate was 5% in the 10-14 age group, 6.4% in the 15-17 age-group, and 4.7% in the 18-20 age group; the highest carriage rate was found in the 21-24 age group (9.1%), which was significantly higher than those of the other age groups (p < 0.05). The highest carriage rate was found in 17-year-old adolescents (11%). The carriage rate was higher among the participants who had had close contact with Hajj/Umrah pilgrims (p < 0.01) or a history of upper respiratory tract infections over the past 3 months (p < 0.05). The nasopharyngeal carriage rate was 6.3% among adolescents and young adults in Turkey and was similar to the recent rates observed in the same age groups in other countries. The most prevalent serogroup was W, and no serogroup C cases were found. In conclusion, the present study found that meningococcal carriage reaches its peak level by age 17, the highest carriage rate was found in 21 - to 24 - year-olds and the majority of the carriage cases were due to serogroup W. Adolescents and young adult carriers seem to be a potential reservoir for the disease, and further immunization strategies, including adolescent immunization, may play a role in the control of IMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmi Tuna Tekin
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ener Cagri Dinleyici
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ceyhan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adem Karbuz
- Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuran Salman
- Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Sutçu
- Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zafer Kurugol
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Balliel
- Muratpasa 1st Caybasi Family Practice Center, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Melda Celik
- Sanlıurfa Children Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Necdet Kuyucu
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Meda Kondolot
- Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Social Pediatrics, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gülnar Sensoy
- Konya Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ozge Metin
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Soner Sertan Kara
- Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meltem Dinleyici
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Omer Kılıç
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cihangul Bayhan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Venhar Gurbuz
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Aycan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aygun Memedova
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Arzu Karli
- Konya Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulçin Bozlu
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Solmaz Celebi
- Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Bursa, Turkey
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