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Elahi S, Vega-López MA, Herman-Miguel V, Ramírez-Estudillo C, Mancilla-Ramírez J, Motyka B, West L, Oyegbami O. CD71 + Erythroid Cells in Human Neonates Exhibit Immunosuppressive Properties and Compromise Immune Response Against Systemic Infection in Neonatal Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:597433. [PMID: 33329589 PMCID: PMC7732591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.597433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborns are highly susceptible to infectious diseases. The underlying mechanism of neonatal infection susceptibility has generally been related to their under-developed immune system. Nevertheless, this notion has recently been challenged by the discovery of the physiological abundance of immunosuppressive erythroid precursors CD71+ erythroid cells (CECs) in newborn mice and human cord blood. Here, as proof of concept, we show that these cells are also abundant in the peripheral blood of human newborns. Although their frequency appears to be more variable compared to their counterparts in mice, they rapidly decline by 4 weeks of age. However, their proportion remains significantly higher in infants up to six months of age compared to older infants. We found CD45 expressing CECs, as erythroid progenitors, were the prominent source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in both humans and mice. Interestingly, a higher proportion of CD45+CECs was observed in the spleen versus bone marrow of neonatal mice, which was associated with a higher ROS production by splenic CECs compared to their siblings in the bone marrow. CECs from human newborns suppressed cytokine production by CD14 monocytes and T cells, which was partially abrogated by apocynin in vitro. Moreover, the depletion of CECs in neonatal mice increased the number of activated effector immune cells in their spleen and liver, which rendered them more resistant to Listeria monocytogenes infection. This was evident by a significant reduction in the bacteria load in the spleen, liver and brain of treated-mice compared to the control group, which enhanced their survival rate. Our finding highlights the immunoregulatory processes mediated by CECs in newborns. Thus, such tightly regulated immune system in newborns/infants may explain one potential mechanism for the asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada.,Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marco Antonio Vega-López
- Dept. Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vladimir Herman-Miguel
- Dept. Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Estudillo
- Dept. Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Mancilla-Ramírez
- Escuela Superior deMedicina, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Hospital de la Mujer, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bruce Motyka
- Alberta Transplant Institute and the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lori West
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada.,Alberta Transplant Institute and the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Olaide Oyegbami
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Di Mauro A, Cortese F, Laforgia N, Pantaleo B, Giuliani R, Bonifazi D, Ciccone MM, Giordano P. Neonatal bacterial meningitis: a systematic review of European available data. Minerva Pediatr 2017; 71:201-208. [PMID: 29160642 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.17.05124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite advances in neonatal intensive care and the improvements in surveillance, prevention and vaccination programs, neonatal meningitis still represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants, with the highest mortality in the newborn population. The aim of this article was to summarize current knowledge about this topic with particular attention to management of neonatal meningitis in order to provide a useful tool for clinicians. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We reviewed the existent literature from five European Countries (France, German, Italy, Spain and UK) on the effectiveness of treatments for bacterial meningitis in newborns taking into consideration the antibiotic resistance phenomenon. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS There are few data available on this topic; bacterial neonatal meningitis treatment and management is currently based more on experience than on high quality evidences. CONCLUSIONS Identification of the knowledge gaps may stimulate researchers to design new studies aiming to better define management strategies of bacterial meningitis in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Cortese
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy -
| | - Nicola Laforgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Pantaleo
- Consortium for Biological and Pharmacological Evaluation, Bari, Italy
| | - Rachele Giuliani
- Consortium for Biological and Pharmacological Evaluation, Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Bonifazi
- Consortium for Biological and Pharmacological Evaluation, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco M Ciccone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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