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Wu S, Lu D, Zheng X, Xu J, Li Z, Deng L, Hu Y. Dysregulation of autophagy-associated microRNAs in condyloma acuminatum. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104878. [PMID: 33905885 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Condyloma acuminatum, which is caused by low-risk human papillomavirus (lrHPV) infection, is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. Autophagy is thought to be associated with condyloma acuminatum, but how the autophagy process is regulated remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene transcription that play a central role in many biological processes, including autophagy and viral infection. This study was designed to identify autophagy-related miRNAs and their targets in condyloma acuminatum and to validate their expression. The levels of the autophagy proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and P62/SQSTM1 (P62) were abnormally increased in the local lesion tissue of condyloma acuminatum patients compared with healthy controls. MiRNAs and their target mRNAs in condyloma acuminatum patients were analyzed by bioinformatics. Eighty-one differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, of which 56 were downregulated and 25 were upregulated. Two of the differentially expressed miRNAs associated with autophagy, miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p, were analyzed further, and their target genes were identified as autophagy-related protein (Atg) 5 and Atg12 and Atg3 and Atg12, respectively. The expression levels of miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p were decreased and those of Atg5, Atg12 and Atg3 were increased in condyloma acuminatum patients compared with healthy controls. In addition, miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p expression correlated with the proliferation index Ki-67 in condyloma acuminatum. Taken together, our results suggest that the changes in autophagy levels in patients with condyloma acuminatum may be related to the changes in miRNA-30a-5p and miRNA-514a-3p expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for identifying new mechanisms that link miRNAs, HPV infection and host autophagy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xinkai Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Laser Cosmetology, The fifth people's hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Liehua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Dermatology Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Farahmand Z, Soleimanjahi H, Garshasbi M, Hasanzadeh M, Zafari E. Distribution of the most common types of HPV in Iranian women with and without cervical cancer. Women Health 2020; 61:73-82. [PMID: 32957835 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2020.1822490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is an important cause of death in women worldwide. About 99.7% of all cervical cancers have been related to human papillomavirus, especially types 16 and 18. Types 6 and 11 cause genital warts. We aimed to determine the prevalence of common HPV genotypes among women in the general population and women with cervical cancer. A total of 571 healthy women cytology specimens and 113 tissue samples of cervical cancer were investigated using HPV type-specific primers. HPV DNA was detected in 24% of healthy women: 3.3% were positive for high-risk HPV and 11.6% for low-risk HPV. HPV6 (9.3%) had the highest prevalence followed by HPV11 (2.3%), HPV16 (1.8%), HPV18 (1.2%), and 9.1% of samples were positive for unknown types. Among cervical cancer samples, HPV DNA was found in 78.8% including 43.4% HPV16, 8% HPV18, and 27.4% an unknown HPV type. HPV6 and HPV11 were not detected in any cervical cancer cases and 21.2% were negative for HPV. We found no association between HPV-16/18 and age in cervical cancer. The prevalence of HPV infection is relatively high in Iran without vaccination backgrounds. HPV DNA screening and vaccination programs can prevent cervical cancer and health problems caused by genital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farahmand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
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Gu Z, Zhang H, Guo X, Cao Y. Enhanced Glycogen Metabolism Supports the Survival and Proliferation of HPV-Infected Keratinocytes in Condylomata Acuminata. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1513-1523.e5. [PMID: 32004566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Condylomata acuminata (CA) is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections of keratinocytes and is a common sexually transmitted disease. The main clinical feature and risk of CA is the high recurrence of genital warts formed by infected keratinocytes. Metabolic reprogramming of most types of mammalian cells including keratinocytes can provide energy and intermediates essential for their survival. Here, we report that HPV infection develops a hypoxic microenvironment in CA warts by inducing the accumulation of glycogen and increased glycogen metabolism in the infected keratinocytes in a hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) -dependent pathway. Our in vitro studies show that the increased glycogen metabolism is essential for the survival and proliferation of keratinocytes. Regarding its mechanism of action, glycogenolysis generates glucose-1-phosphate that fluxes into the pentose phosphate pathway and, then, generates abundant nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, thereby ensuring high levels of glutathione in keratinocytes under hypoxia. The abrogation of glycogen synthesis and glycogenolysis decreases the ratio of glutathione and glutathione disulfide and increases the level of ROS, further resulting in the impairment of keratinocyte survival. Collectively, our work offers an insight into the metabolic reprogramming in the development of CA and implies that the intervention of glycogen metabolism would be a promising therapeutic target for CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchun Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Ao C, Zeng K. The role of regulatory T cells in pathogenesis and therapy of human papillomavirus-related diseases, especially in cancer. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 65:406-413. [PMID: 30172014 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent in the world. It can cause condyloma acuminatum, anogenital malignancies, and head and neck cancers. The host immune responses to HPV involve multiple cell types that have regulatory functions, and HPV-mediated changes to regulatory T cells (Tregs) in both the local lesion tissues and the circulatory system of patients have received considerable attention. The role of Tregs in HPV infections ranges from suppression of effector T cell (Teff) responses to protection of tissues from immune-mediated injury in different anatomic subsites. In this review, we explore the influence of Tregs in the immunopathology of HPV-related diseases and therapies targeting Tregs as novel approaches against HPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Ao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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