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Zafari E, Soleimanjahi H, Mohammadi A, Teimoori A, Shatizadeh Malekshahi S. Comparison of IgA Antibody Titer Induced by Human-Bovine Rotavirus Candidate Vaccine with Bovine Rotavirus and Rotarix. Arch Razi Inst 2023; 78:405-412. [PMID: 37312718 PMCID: PMC10258266 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.354821.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in early childhood worldwide. Gastroenteritis is a preventable disease by the vaccine, and vigorous efforts were made to produce attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines. In recent years, despite the existence of three types of live attenuated rotavirus vaccines, several countries, such as China and Vietnam, have intended to produce indigenous vaccines based on rotavirus serotypes circulating among their population. In this study, the immunogenicity of homemade human-bovine reassortant RV candidate vaccine was tested in an animal model. Rabbits were randomly distributed into eight experimental groups with three animals per group. Afterward, three rabbits in each test group designated as P1, P2, and P3 were experimentally inoculated with the 106, 107, and 108 tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) of the reassortant virus, respectively. The N1 group received the reassortant rotavirus vaccine containing 107 TCID50+zinc. The N2, N3, and N4 groups received rotavirus vaccine strain, RV4 human rotavirus, and bovine rotavirus strain, respectively, and the control group received phosphate-buffered saline. It is noteworthy that three rabbits have been included in each group. The IgA total antibody titer was measured and evaluated by non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The antibody titer produced in the studied groups did not significantly differ. The candidate vaccine showed immunogenicity, protectivity, stability, and safety. The findings of this study indicated a critical role of IgA production, which can induce immunity against a gastroenteritis viral pathogen. Regardless of purification, candidate reassortant vaccine and cell adapted animal strains could be used as a vaccine candidate for production.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Mohammadi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - A Teimoori
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - S Shatizadeh Malekshahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Mirzaei R, Sholeh M, Jalalifar S, Zafari E, Kazemi S, Rasouli-Saravani A, Karampoor S, Yousefimashouf R. Immunometabolism in human brucellosis: An emerging field of investigation. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105115. [PMID: 34332069 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, extreme attention has been focused on the role of immunometabolism in the regulation of immune cell responses in healthy individuals during infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. In the infection biology area, it has been shown that there is a close relationship between the immune system and the host metabolic changes. Brucella species is an intracellular coccobacillus that infects humans and mammals, which led to brucellosis. Brucella species with host-specific evolutionary mechanisms allow it to hide from or manipulate cellular immunity and achieve intracellular persistence. Intracellular bacterial pathogens such as Brucella species also employ host cell resources to replicate and persist inside the host. Targeting these host systems is one promising strategy for developing novel antimicrobials to tackle intracellular infections. This study will summarize the role of metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and their relationship to brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Jalalifar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Kazemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Rasouli-Saravani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Yousefimashouf
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Farahmand Z, Soleimanjahi H, Garshasbi M, Hasanzadeh M, Zafari E. Distribution of the most common types of HPV in Iranian women with and without cervical cancer. Women Health 2020; 61:73-82. [PMID: 32957835 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2020.1822490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is an important cause of death in women worldwide. About 99.7% of all cervical cancers have been related to human papillomavirus, especially types 16 and 18. Types 6 and 11 cause genital warts. We aimed to determine the prevalence of common HPV genotypes among women in the general population and women with cervical cancer. A total of 571 healthy women cytology specimens and 113 tissue samples of cervical cancer were investigated using HPV type-specific primers. HPV DNA was detected in 24% of healthy women: 3.3% were positive for high-risk HPV and 11.6% for low-risk HPV. HPV6 (9.3%) had the highest prevalence followed by HPV11 (2.3%), HPV16 (1.8%), HPV18 (1.2%), and 9.1% of samples were positive for unknown types. Among cervical cancer samples, HPV DNA was found in 78.8% including 43.4% HPV16, 8% HPV18, and 27.4% an unknown HPV type. HPV6 and HPV11 were not detected in any cervical cancer cases and 21.2% were negative for HPV. We found no association between HPV-16/18 and age in cervical cancer. The prevalence of HPV infection is relatively high in Iran without vaccination backgrounds. HPV DNA screening and vaccination programs can prevent cervical cancer and health problems caused by genital warts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farahmand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran, Iran
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Zafari E, Soleimanjahi H, Samiee S, Razavinikoo H, Farahmand Z. Comparison of methylation patterns of E6 gene promoter region in the low-risk and high-risk human papillomavirus. Iran J Microbiol 2018; 10:441-446. [PMID: 30873273 PMCID: PMC6414737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cervical cancer is an important cause of death in women worldwide (1, 2). Cancer is a disease that may be caused by many factors that affect gene activity through genetic and epigenetic changes like DNA methylation. DNA promoter methylation contributes to the chromatin conformation that may be repressing transcription of the human papilloma virus type16 (HPV-16), which is prevalent in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. In the present study, we aimed to investigate DNA methylation target sites in promoter region of both high-risk and low risk HPVs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylation pattern of E6 promoter in low-risk HPV (type 11) and high-risk HPV (type 16 and 18) was examined by Bisulfite Sequencing PCR (BSP) method. RESULTS Based on the results, methylation status of high-risk and low-risk HPV-E6 promoter is different. It was revealed that CpG dinucleotides were unmethylated in type 16 and 18 target sequences, whereas in HPV-E6 type 11 all of CpG dinucleotides were methylated except one of them. CONCLUSION The result suggested that a significant correlation between methylation status and HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis, and promoter of HPV-16 and 18 E6 has minimal methylation in comparison with low-risk HPV-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, PhD, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-21-82883561,
| | - Simak Samiee
- Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Razavinikoo
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Farahmand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Zafari E, Soleimanjahi H, Mohammadi A, Teimoori A, Mahravani H. Molecular and biological characterization of the human-bovine rotavirus-based reassortant rotavirus. Microb Pathog 2018; 121:65-69. [PMID: 29753872 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rotaviruses (RV) are the leading cause of acute infantile gastroenteritis, associated with elevated mortality in low-income countries. Morbidity and mortality, length and rates of hospitalization due to RV gastroenteritis are dropping. Improving the quality of newborns life is an ongoing challenge for health-care providers. In this study, homemade reassortant human-bovine rotavirus was developed and biological activity and molecular characterization of candidate vaccine were evaluated for the vaccine stability. Virus titration and purification of reassortant rotavirus strains were evaluated by plaque assays, electropherotyping. The genetic stability after first, third and sixth passage was by sequencing. Due to WHO recommendation, developingment of national capacity for vaccine production in appropriate quantities and at affordable prices is the cornerstone of developing global vaccination policies. Such studies are critical to producing national vaccines and modeling herd protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Zafari
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ashraf Mohammadi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) Hessark Karadj, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Teimoori
- Department of Virology, Ahwaz Joundishpor University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Homayon Mahravani
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI) Hessark Karadj, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
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Zahraei B, Hashemzadeh MS, Najarasl M, Zahiriyeganeh S, Tat M, Metanat M, Sepehri Rad N, Khansari-nejad B, Zafari E, Sharti M, Dorostkar R. Novel, In-House, SYBR Green Based One-Step rRT-PCR: Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Suspected Patients From Iran. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2016; 9:e29246. [PMID: 27099688 PMCID: PMC4834134 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.29246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus causes severe disease in humans, with a high mortality rate. Since, there is no approved vaccine or specific treatment for CCHF, an early and accurate diagnosis, as well as reliable surveillance, is essential for case management and patient improvement. OBJECTIVES For this research, our aim was to evaluate the application of a novel SYBR Green based one-step real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay for the in-house diagnosis of the CCHF virus. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this experimental study, the highly conserved S-region sequence of the CCHF viral genome was first adapted from GenBank, and the specific primers targeting this region were designed. Then, the viral RNA was extracted from 75 serum samples from different patients in eastern Iran. The sensitivity and specificity of the primers were also evaluated in positive serum samples previously confirmed to have the CCHF virus, by this one-step rRT-PCR assay, as well as a DNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS From a total of 75 suspected serum samples, 42 were confirmed to be positive for CCHF virus, with no false-positives detected by the sequencing results. After 40 amplification cycles, the melting curve analysis revealed a mean melting temperature (Tm) of 86.5 ± 0.6°C (quite different from those of the primer-dimers), and the positive samples showed only a small variation in the parameters. In all of the positive samples, the predicted length of 420 bp was confirmed by electrophoresis. Moreover, the sensitivity test showed that this assay can detect less than 20 copies of viral RNA per reaction. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that this novel one-step rRT-PCR assay is a rapid, reliable, repeatable, specific, sensitive, and simple tool for the detection of the CCHF virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentolhoda Zahraei
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Najarasl
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Samaneh Zahiriyeganeh
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mahdi Tat
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Maliheh Metanat
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Boo-Ali Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Nahid Sepehri Rad
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Boo-Ali Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Behzad Khansari-nejad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran
| | - Ehsan Zafari
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sharti
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ruhollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Ruhollah Dorostkar, Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-2188617711(16), E-mail:
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