Novel and emerging therapies for the treatment of polycythemia vera

Hospital incidence and medical costs of polycythemia vera in Spain: a retrospective database analysis

BACKGROUND

Polycythemia vera (PV) is one of the most common chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, yet, little data is available on the epidemiology of PV in Spain and the costs of its management. This study aimed to evaluate the hospital incidence and mortality rate of PV in Spain, and to estimate hospital medical costs.

METHODS

Hospital admission records of patients with PV registered between 2005 and 2019 were obtained from a Spanish hospital discharge database and analyzed in a retrospective multicenter study.

RESULTS

Admission files of 490 patients were reviewed. Median age was 74 years; patients presented numerous conditions associated to age, namely hypertension, diabetes or anemia. Hospital mortality rate was associated to pulmonary heart disease, respiratory conditions and kidney disease. Most of the files analyzed corresponded to inpatient admissions; hospital incidence decreased over the study period in patients over 60 years. Median admission cost was €5580, increasing in patients deceased during the hospitalization. Admission cost increased significantly between 2006 and 2011.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides an evaluation of hospital management and costs of PV in Spain. Future studies should focus on the revision of disease management in the country and measuring total medical costs, which could be higher than global estimations.

Givinostat: an emerging treatment for polycythemia vera

INTRODUCTION

Polycythemia vera (PV), a Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm, is characterized by panmyelosis, pancytosis, and a JAK2 mutation. Patients are at increased risk of thrombohemorrhagic events, and progression to myelofibrosis or acute leukemia. Current treatments include aspirin, phlebotomy, and cytoreductive drugs (most commonly hydroxyurea). Givinostat is a potent, class I/II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that is in phase I/II clinical trials in PV. Givinostat was well tolerated and yielded promising clinico-hematological responses. A phase III study of givinostat versus hydroxyurea in high-risk PV patients is planned.

AREAS COVERED

We present an overview of PV, current treatment guidelines, and the putative mechanism(s) of action of givinostat. We discuss the preclinical and clinical studies of givinostat in PV and briefly review approved and investigational competitor compounds.

EXPERT OPINION

HDAC inhibitors have long been known to be active in PV, but chronic toxicities can be challenging. Givinostat, however, is active and well tolerated, and is entering a pivotal Phase III randomized trial. Givinostat offers the possibility of replacing hydroxyurea as the standard first-line cytoreductive choice for PV patients. This would completely change the current therapeutic paradigm and guidelines for PV management. Although surrogate clinical study endpoints may suffice for regulatory purposes, thrombosis reduction and prevention of disease progression remain most important to patients and clinicians.

Social Media and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN): Analysis of Advanced Metrics From the First Year of a New Twitter Community: #MPNSM

The social media platform Twitter has provided the hematology/oncology community with unprecedented, novel methods of interpersonal communication and increased ability for the dissemination of important updates in a rapidly moving field. The advent, and subsequent success, of disease-specific Twitter communities have further enabled interested healthcare stakeholders to become quickly organized around a unique set of rare medical conditions, such as hematologic malignancies, that, historically, generally lack large amounts of reliable online information. One example is the Twitter community #MPNSM (myeloproliferative neoplasms on social media), which was started approximately one and half years ago and has served as a recognized venue for discussion among many members of the MPN community, including patients, researchers, providers, and advocacy organizations. This article will focus on understanding the impact of the founding of this community via the analysis of advanced Twitter metrics of user experience, from the first year of use for this novel healthcare hashtag.