1
|
Torres-Guzman RA, Avila FR, Maita K, Garcia JP, De Sario GD, Borna S, Eldaly AS, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Zubair AC, Ho OA, Forte AJ. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Healing Outcomes in Clinical and Pre-Clinical Models to Treat Pressure Ulcers: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7545. [PMID: 38137625 PMCID: PMC10743704 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite numerous measures used to prevent pressure ulcers, their growing prevalence in recent years is expected to continue as the population ages. This review aims to report the outcomes of the regenerative potential of MSCs in treating pressure ulcers, assessing the effectiveness of MSCs in treating pressure ulcers. METHODS A computerized search for articles on animal models that use MSCs as primary therapy to treat pressure ulcers, published from conception to present, was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL. Our search yielded 52 articles, narrowed to 44 after excluding duplicates. RESULTS Out of 52 articles collected from four databases, 11 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 11 articles published between 2008 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies were observational descriptive papers in animal models, and three were prospective. Six studies used autologous MSCs, while five used allogenic MSCs. Three studies were conducted in humans, and the remaining eight were conducted in animals. The most common method of cell delivery was an intradermal injection in the margins of the ulcer. All studies reported positive results, including improved wound healing, reduced inflammation, and improved tissue regeneration. CONCLUSIONS MSCs have shown promising results in treating pressure ulcers in animal and clinical trials. The combination of MSCs and scaffold materials has also been studied and found to be effective in wound healing. A standardized human wound model has been proposed further to investigate the efficacy of cell-based therapies for chronic wounds. However, more research is needed to determine the best quantity of cells to apply for pressure ulcers and to ensure the safety and efficacy of these treatments in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karla Maita
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - John P. Garcia
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Sahar Borna
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | | | - Abba C. Zubair
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Transfusion Medicines and Stem Cell Therapy, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Olivia A. Ho
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Antonio J. Forte
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ferreira MY, Carvalho Junior JDC, Ferreira LM. Evaluating the quality of studies reporting on clinical applications of stromal vascular fraction: A systematic review and proposed reporting guidelines (CLINIC-STRA-SVF). Regen Ther 2023; 24:332-342. [PMID: 37662694 PMCID: PMC10474569 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been widely explored in a number of therapeutic applications in several specialties. Its therapeutic potential is being increasingly demonstrated, although its mechanism of action is still unclear. Objective To evaluate the quality of studies reporting on clinical applications of SVF. Method This is a systematic literature review that followed the PRISMA guidelines with the search of the studies from December 1, 2012, to December 1, 2022, in the following databases: MEDLINE, LILACS and EMBASE. The level of evidence of the studies was assessed using the GRADE system, and the rigor used in the publication of the results was assessed in relation to adherence to the guidelines indicated by the EQUATOR Network Group. The CLINIC - STRA-SVF reporting guideline was developed after the completion of this systematic review. Results A total of 538 articles were found, and 77 articles were selected after reading the titles and abstracts and removing duplicates. Then, 15 studies were removed for not meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving 62 studies. The CLINIC - STRA-SVF was developed and consists of 33 items and two tables. Conclusion There is scientific evidence, although mostly with a low level of evidence, that the use of SVF in clinical applications is safe and effective. The information published in these studies should be standardized, and the CLINIC - STRA-SVF reporting guideline proposed in this study may assist in the design, conduct, recording and reporting of clinical trials and others clinical studies involving the SVF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Yuri Ferreira
- Translational Surgery Graduate Program of Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Unifesp, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lydia Masako Ferreira
- Plastic Surgery Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Koivunotko E, Snirvi J, Merivaara A, Harjumäki R, Rautiainen S, Kelloniemi M, Kuismanen K, Miettinen S, Yliperttula M, Koivuniemi R. Angiogenic Potential of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Nanofibrillated Cellulose Hydrogel. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102584. [PMID: 36289846 PMCID: PMC9599553 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) hold great potential for cellular therapies by having immunomodulatory behavior and tissue regenerative properties. Due to the capability of ASCs to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) and other angiogenic cell types, such as pericytes, ASCs are a highly valuable source for stimulating angiogenesis. However, cellular therapies in tissue engineering have faced challenges in poor survival of the cells after transplantation, which is why a protective biomaterial scaffold is required. In this work, we studied the potential of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) hydrogel to be utilized as a suitable matrix for three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing of human-derived ASCs (hASCs) and studied their angiogenic properties and differentiation potential in ECs and pericytes. In addition, we tested the effect of hASC-conditioned medium and stimulation with angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to induce blood vessel-type tube formation in NFC hydrogel. The hASCs were successfully 3D cell cultured in NFC hydrogel as they formed spheroids and had high cell viability with angiogenic features. Most importantly, they showed angiogenic potential by having pericyte-like characteristics when differentiated in EC medium, and their conditioned medium improved HUVEC viability and tube formation, which recalls the active paracrine properties. This study recommends NFC hydrogel for future use as an animal-free biomaterial scaffold for hASCs in therapeutic angiogenesis and other cell therapy purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elle Koivunotko
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jasmi Snirvi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arto Merivaara
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riina Harjumäki
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Swarna Rautiainen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Kelloniemi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Kirsi Kuismanen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Miettinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technologies, University of Tampere, 33520 Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (R.K.)
| | - Raili Koivuniemi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: (M.Y.); (R.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hamel KM, Liimatta KQ, Belgodere JA, Bunnell BA, Gimble JM, Martin EC. Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cell Response to Tumors and Wounds: Evaluation of Patient Age. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:579-592. [PMID: 35262397 PMCID: PMC9836707 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors were characterized as nonhealing wounds by Virchow in 1858 and Dvorak in 1986. Since then, researchers have analyzed tumors from a new perspective. The parallels between tumorigenesis and physiological wound healing can provide a new framework for developing antitumor therapeutics. One commonality between tumors and wounds is the involvement of the stromal environment, particularly adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs). ASCs exhibit dual functions, in which they stimulate tumor progression and assist in tissue repair and regeneration. Numerous studies have focused on the role of ASCs in cancer and wound healing, but none to date has linked age, cancer, and wound healing. Furthermore, very few studies have focused on the role of donor-specific characteristics of ASCs, such as age and their role in facilitating ASC behavior in cancer and wound healing. This review article is designed to provide important insights into the impact of donor age on ASC tumor and wound response and their role in facilitating ASC behavior in cancer and wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M. Hamel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kara Q. Liimatta
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jorge A. Belgodere
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth C. Martin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Differentiation of multipotent stem cells to insulin-producing cells for treatment of diabetes mellitus: bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived cells comparison. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3539-3548. [PMID: 35107740 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human adipose tissue and bone marrow have a great potential for use in cell therapy due to their ease of isolation, expansion, and differentiation. Our intention was to isolate and promote in vitro expansion and differentiation of MSCs from human adipose and bone marrow tissue into cells with a pancreatic endocrine phenotype and to compare the potency of these cells together. METHODS AND RESULTS MSCs were pre-induced with nicotinamide, mercaptoethanol, B-27 and b-FGF in L-DMEM for 2 days and re-induced again in supplemented H-DMEM for another 3 days. Expression of five genes in differentiated beta cells was evaluated by Real-time PCR and western blotting and the potency of insulin release in response to glucose stimulation was evaluated by insulin and C-peptide ELISA kit. The differentiated cells were evaluated by immunocytochemistry staining for Insulin and PDX-1. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed up-regulation of four genes in differentiated beta-islet cells (Insulin, Ngn-3, Pax-4 and Pdx-1) compared with the control. Western blot analysis showed that MSCs cells mainly produced proinsulin and insulin after differentiation but nestin was more expressed in pre-differentiated stem cells. Glucose and insulin secretion assay showed that insulin levels and C-peptide secretion were significantly increased in response to 10 mM glucose. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that both adipose and bone marrow stem cells could differentiate into functional beta-islet cells but it seems that adipose stem cells could be a better choice for treatment of diabetes mellitus according to their higher potency.
Collapse
|
6
|
Peláez P, Damiá E, Torres-Torrillas M, Chicharro D, Cuervo B, Miguel L, del Romero A, Carrillo JM, Sopena JJ, Rubio M. Cell and Cell Free Therapies in Osteoarthritis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1726. [PMID: 34829953 PMCID: PMC8615373 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common articular disease in adults and has a current prevalence of 12% in the population over 65 years old. This chronic disease causes damage to articular cartilage and synovial joints, causing pain and leading to a negative impact on patients' function, decreasing quality of life. There are many limitations regarding OA conventional therapies-pharmacological therapy can cause gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiac adverse effects, and some of them could even be a threat to life. On the other hand, surgical options, such as microfracture, have been used for the last 20 years, but hyaline cartilage has a limited regeneration capacity. In recent years, the interest in new therapies, such as cell-based and cell-free therapies, has been considerably increasing. The purpose of this review is to describe and compare bioregenerative therapies' efficacy for OA, with particular emphasis on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In OA, these therapies might be an alternative and less invasive treatment than surgery, and a more effective option than conventional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Damiá
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Miguel
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ayla del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín J. Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.); (M.T.-T.); (D.C.); (B.C.); (L.M.); (A.d.R.); (J.M.C.); (J.J.S.); (M.R.)
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frazier T, Williams C, Henderson M, Duplessis T, Rogers E, Wu X, Hamel K, Martin EC, Mohiuddin O, Shaik S, Devireddy R, Rowan BG, Hayes DJ, Gimble JM. Breast Cancer Reconstruction: Design Criteria for a Humanized Microphysiological System. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:479-488. [PMID: 33528293 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
International regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration have mandated that the scientific community develop humanized microphysiological systems (MPS) as an in vitro alternative to animal models in the near future. While the breast cancer research community has long appreciated the importance of three-dimensional growth dynamics in their experimental models, there are remaining obstacles preventing a full conversion to humanized MPS for drug discovery and pathophysiological studies. This perspective evaluates the current status of human tissue-derived cells and scaffolds as building blocks for an "idealized" breast cancer MPS based on bioengineering design principles. It considers the utility of adipose tissue as a potential source of endothelial, lymphohematopoietic, and stromal cells for the support of breast cancer epithelial cells. The relative merits of potential MPS scaffolds derived from adipose tissue, blood components, and synthetic biomaterials is evaluated relative to the current "gold standard" material, Matrigel, a murine chondrosarcoma-derived basement membrane-enriched hydrogel. The advantages and limitations of a humanized breast cancer MPS are discussed in the context of in-process and destructive read-out assays. Impact statement Regulatory authorities have highlighted microphysiological systems as an emerging tool in breast cancer research. This has been led by calls for more predictive human models and reduced animal experimentation. This perspective describes how human-derived cells, extracellular matrices, and hydrogels will provide the building blocks to create breast cancer models that accurately reflect diversity at multiple levels, that is, patient ethnicity, pathophysiology, and metabolic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Williams
- Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Tamika Duplessis
- Department of Physical Sciences, Delgado Community College, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Emma Rogers
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Katie Hamel
- Obatala Sciences, Inc., New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Omair Mohiuddin
- Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahensha Shaik
- Cell and Molecular Biology Core Laboratory, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ram Devireddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brian G Rowan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniel J Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Braile A, Toro G, Cicco AD, Cecere AB, Zanchini F, Panni AS. Hallux rigidus treated with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A case report. World J Orthop 2021; 12:51-55. [PMID: 33520681 PMCID: PMC7814311 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First metatarsophalangeal joint arthritis (FMTPA), also known as hallux rigidus, is the most frequent degenerative disease of the foot. Diagnosis is made through both clinical and radiological evaluation. Regenerative medicine showed promising results in the treatment of early osteoarthritis. The aim of the present study was to report the results of a case of FMTPA treated with the injection of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
CASE SUMMARY A gentleman of 50 years of age presented with a painful hallux rigidus grade 2 resistant to any previous conservative treatment (including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hyaluronic acid injections). An injection of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the first metatarsophalangeal joint was performed. No adverse events were reported, and both function and pain scales improved after 9 mo of follow-up.
CONCLUSION The FMTP joint injection of mesenchymal stem cells improved symptoms and function in our patient with FMTPA at 9 mo of follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Braile
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Cicco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Antonio Benedetto Cecere
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Fabio Zanchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alfredo Schiavone Panni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clinical Translational Potential in Skin Wound Regeneration for Adipose-Derived, Blood-Derived, and Cellulose Materials: Cells, Exosomes, and Hydrogels. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101373. [PMID: 32992554 PMCID: PMC7650547 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic skin wounds due to burns, pressure injuries, and trauma represent a substantial challenge to healthcare delivery with particular impacts on geriatric, paraplegic, and quadriplegic demographics worldwide. Nevertheless, the current standard of care relies extensively on preventive measures to mitigate pressure injury, surgical debridement, skin flap procedures, and negative pressure wound vacuum measures. This article highlights the potential of adipose-, blood-, and cellulose-derived products (cells, decellularized matrices and scaffolds, and exosome and secretome factors) as a means to address this unmet medical need. The current status of this research area is evaluated and discussed in the context of promising avenues for future discovery.
Collapse
|
10
|
Shang F, Yu Y, Liu S, Ming L, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zhao J, Jin Y. Advancing application of mesenchymal stem cell-based bone tissue regeneration. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:666-683. [PMID: 33005830 PMCID: PMC7509590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of bone defects, especially the critical-sized defects, with mechanical integrity to the skeleton is important for a patient's rehabilitation, however, it still remains challenge. Utilizing biomaterials of human origin bone tissue for therapeutic purposes has provided a facilitated approach that closely mimics the critical aspects of natural bone tissue with regard to its properties. However, not only efficacious and safe but also cost-effective and convenient are important for regenerative biomaterials to achieve clinical translation and commercial success. Advances in our understanding of regenerative biomaterials and their roles in new bone formation potentially opened a new frontier in the fast-growing field of regenerative medicine. Taking inspiration from the role and multicomponent construction of native extracellular matrix (ECM) for cell accommodation, the ECM-mimicking biomaterials and the naturally decellularized ECM scaffolds were used to create new tissues for bone restoration. On the other hand, with the going deep in understanding of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), they have shown great promise to jumpstart and facilitate bone healing even in diseased microenvironments with pharmacology-based endogenous MSCs rescue/mobilization, systemic/local infusion of MSCs for cytotherapy, biomaterials-based approaches, cell-sheets/-aggregates technology and usage of subcellular vesicles of MSCs to achieve scaffolds-free or cell-free delivery system, all of them have been shown can improve MSCs-mediated regeneration in preclinical studies and several clinical trials. Here, following an overview discussed autogenous/allogenic and ECM-based bone biomaterials for reconstructive surgery and applications of MSCs-mediated bone healing and tissue engineering to further offer principles and effective strategies to optimize MSCs-based bone regeneration. Focusing on MSCs based bone regeneration. Discussed cytotherapy, cell-free therapies and cell-aggregates technology in detail. Stating the approaches of MSCs in diseased microenvironments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Department of Stomatology, The 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Leiguo Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Jiayu Zhao
- Bureau of Service for Veteran Cadres of PLA in Beijing, Beijing, 100001, China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research, Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhong Z, Chen A, Fa Z, Ding Z, Xie J, Sun Y, Zhang R, Wang Q. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Modulate BV2 Microglial M1/M2 Polarization by Producing GDNF. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:714-727. [PMID: 32111146 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fa
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiquan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Enciso N, Amiel J, Pando J, Enciso J. Multidose intramuscular allogeneic adipose stem cells decrease the severity of canine atopic dermatitis: A pilot study. Vet World 2019; 12:1747-1754. [PMID: 32025111 PMCID: PMC6925044 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1747-1754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the therapeutic and safety performance of an intramuscular treatment protocol of multidose of allogeneic adipose stem cells (ASCs) isolated, characterized, and expanded ex vivo from a healthy canine donor. Materials and Methods Twelve dogs diagnosed with canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) were intramuscularly treated with 0.5×106 of cryopreserved ASCs from a healthy immunized young canine Ehrlichia canis free donor weekly for 6 weeks. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by the pruritus index and the CAD Lesion Index (CADLI) test. Safety and adverse effects were determined by injection site reaction, weight, blood chemistry, liver function, and whole blood count. Results Canine ASCs obtained from a donor met the minimum qualities required for this type of cells and showed viability of 90% after thawing. The efficacy of the CADLI score and the pruritus index in 12 dogs with atopic dermatitis was statistically significant efficacy. No adverse reactions were observed at the intramuscular application site, or in relation to animal weight, blood cell populations, or liver and renal function. Conclusion These results suggest that intramuscular administration of cryopreserved ASCs to dogs with atopic dermatitis is a promising cellular therapeutic product for the relief of the symptoms of this disease; however, the duration of the effects obtained with this dose and with other doses should be evaluated, as well as possible immune reactions. As far as we know, this is the first report of the use of multiple intramuscular doses cryopreserved ASCs to treat atopic dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Enciso
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Amiel
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - John Pando
- Department of Cytometry, Institute of Cell Therapy. CRIOCORD. Lima. Peru
| | - Javier Enciso
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular e Inmunología, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
miR-129-5p Regulates the Immunomodulatory Functions of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells via Targeting Stat1 Signaling. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2631024. [PMID: 31772586 PMCID: PMC6854172 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2631024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have become one of the most promising stem cell populations for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine and for autoimmune disorders owing to their multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory capacities, respectively. One advantage of ASC-based therapy lies in their immunosuppressive potential. However, how to get ASCs to provide consistent immunosuppression remains unclear. In the current study, we found that miR-129-5p was induced in ASCs treated with inflammatory factors. ASCs with miR-129-5p knockdown exhibited enhanced immunosuppressive capacity, as evidenced by reduced expression of proinflammatory factors, with concurrent increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. These cells also had an increased capacity to inhibit T cell proliferation in vitro. ASCs with miR-129-5p knockdown alleviated inflammatory bowel diseases and promoted tumor growth in vivo. Consistently, ASCs that overexpressed miR-129-5p exhibited reduced iNOS expression. Furthermore, we show that miR-129-5p knockdown in ASCs results in hyperphosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (Stat1). When fludarabine, an inhibitor of Stat1 activation, was added to ASCs with miR-129-5p knockdown, iNOS mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced. Collectively, these results reveal a new role for miR-129-5p in regulating the immunomodulatory activities of ASCs by targeting Stat1 activation. These novel insights into the mechanisms of ASC immunoregulation may lead to the consistent production of ASCs with strong immunosuppressive functions and thus better clinical utility of these cells.
Collapse
|
14
|
Human Platelet Lysate as a Functional Substitute for Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Human Adipose Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070724. [PMID: 31311198 PMCID: PMC6679214 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) hold potential as cell therapeutics for a wide range of disease states; however, many expansion protocols rely on the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cell culture nutrient supplement. The current study explores the substitution of lysates from expired human platelets (HPLs) as an FBS substitute. METHODS Expired human platelets from an authorized blood center were lysed by freeze/thawing and used to examine human ASCs with respect to proliferation using hematocytometer cell counts, colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) frequency, surface immunophenotype by flow cytometry, and tri-lineage (adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast) differentiation potential by histochemical staining. RESULTS The proliferation assays demonstrated that HPLs supported ASC proliferation in a concentration dependent manner, reaching levels that exceeded that observed in the presence of 10% FBS. The concentration of 0.75% HPLs was equivalent to 10% FBS when utilized in cell culture media with respect to proliferation, immunophenotype, and CFU-F frequency. When added to osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation media, both supplements showed appropriate differentiation by staining. CONCLUSION HPLs is an effective substitute for FBS in the culture, expansion and differentiation of human ASCs suitable for pre-clinical studies; however, additional assays and analyses will be necessary to validate HPLs for clinical applications and regulatory approval.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang YH, Huang XH, Yang YM, He Y, Dong XH, Yang HX, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhou J, Wang C, Jiang XX. Mysm1 epigenetically regulates the immunomodulatory function of adipose-derived stem cells in part by targeting miR-150. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3737-3746. [PMID: 30895711 PMCID: PMC6484305 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) are highly attractive for cell‐based therapies in tissue repair and regeneration because they have multilineage differentiation capacity and are immunosuppressive. However, the detailed epigenetic mechanisms of their immunoregulatory capacity are not fully defined. In this study, we found that Mysm1 was induced in ASCs treated with inflammatory cytokines. Adipose‐derived stem cells with Mysm1 knockdown exhibited attenuated immunosuppressive capacity, evidenced by less inhibition of T cell proliferation, more pro‐inflammatory factor secretion and less nitric oxide (NO) production in vitro. Mysm1‐deficient ASCs exacerbated inflammatory bowel diseases but inhibited tumour growth in vivo. Mysm1‐deficient ASCs also showed depressed miR‐150 expression. When transduced with Mysm1 overexpression lentivirus, ASCs exhibited enhanced miR‐150 expression. Furthermore, Mysm1‐deficient cells transduced with lentivirus containing miR‐150 mimics produced less pro‐inflammatory factors and more NO. Our study reveals a new role of Mysm1 in regulating the immunomodulatory activities of ASCs by targeting miR‐150. These novel insights into the mechanisms through which ASCs regulate immune reactions may lead to better clinical utility of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Wang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Huang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan-Mei Yang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Youdi He
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Dong
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Xin Yang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Jiang
- Department of Neural Engineering and Biological Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has tremendous potential for clinical application in the treatment of a variety of diseases in veterinary medicine. Based on the known desirable immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells, this therapy has potential for treatment of a variety of renal diseases. This review details our current understanding of stem cell biology and proposed mechanism of action as applicable to renal disease. Studies performed in chronic kidney disease clinical trials and models of acute kidney injury are summarized with the goal of providing an overview of the current status of this treatment modality and its potential for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Quimby
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effect of Cryopreservation on Human Adipose Tissue and Isolated Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses. Plast Reconstr Surg 2018; 141:232e-243e. [PMID: 29369990 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000004030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is a source of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells for tissue engineering and reconstruction and a tissue source for fat grafts. Although liposuction is a simple procedure for the harvest of adipose tissue, the repetition of this surgical intervention can cause adverse effects to the patient and can be a limiting factor for immediate use. Cryopreservation can avoid the morbidity associated with repetitive liposuction, allowing the use of stored tissue after the initial harvest procedure. This article focuses on the characterization of fresh and cryopreserved human adipose tissue. METHODS Lipoaspirates from eight donors were processed as fresh adipose tissue or cryopreserved for 4 to 6 weeks. Fresh and cryopreserved tissues were collagenase digested and the stromal vascular fraction cells were characterized immediately or cryopreserved. Characterization was based on stromal vascular fraction cell proliferation and immunophenotype. In vivo fat grafting was performed in C57BL/6 green fluorescent protein mice to analyze morphology of the tissue and its adiposity using confocal microscopy, histochemical staining (i.e., hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome), and immunohistochemistry (i.e., green fluorescent protein, perilipin, and CD31). RESULTS Although tissue and stromal vascular fraction cell cryopreservation reduced the total cell yield, the remaining viable cells retained their adhesive and proliferative properties. The stromal vascular fraction cell immunophenotype showed a significant reduction in the hematopoietic surface markers and increased expression of stromal and adipogenic markers following cryopreservation. In vivo cryopreserved fat grafts showed morphology similar to that of freshly implanted fat grafts. CONCLUSION In this study, the authors demonstrated that cryopreserved adipose tissue is a potential source of stromal vascular fraction cells and a suitable source for fat grafts.
Collapse
|
18
|
Damia E, Chicharro D, Lopez S, Cuervo B, Rubio M, Sopena JJ, Vilar JM, Carrillo JM. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Are They a Good Therapeutic Strategy for Osteoarthritis? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071926. [PMID: 29966351 PMCID: PMC6073660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in elderly population around the world. More than one-third of people over 65 years old shows either clinical or radiological evidence of OA. There is no effective treatment for this degenerative disease, due to the limited capacity for spontaneous cartilage regeneration. Regarding the use of regenerative therapies, it has been reported that one option to restore degenerated cartilage are adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). The purpose of this review is to describe and compare the efficacy of ASCs versus other therapies in OA. Methods: Recent studies have shown that ASCs exert paracrine effects protecting against degenerative changes in chondrocytes. According to the above, we have carried out a review of the literature using a combination of osteoarthritis, stem cells, and regenerative therapies as keywords. Results: Conventional pharmacological therapies for OA treatment are considered before the surgical option, however, they do not stop the progression of the disease. Moreover, total joint replacement is not recommended for patients under 55 years, and high tibia osteotomy (HTO) is a viable solution to address lower limb malalignment with concomitant OA, but some complications have been described. In recent years, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a treatment strategy for OA is increasing considerably, thanks to their capacity to improve symptoms together with joint functionality and, therefore, the patients’ quality of life. Conclusions: ASC therapy has a positive effect on patients with OA, although there is limited evidence and little long-term follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergio Lopez
- Department of Animal Pathology. Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Belen Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquin J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Manuel Vilar
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Animal Pathology. Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Eslani M, Putra I, Shen X, Hamouie J, Tadepalli A, Anwar KN, Kink JA, Ghassemi S, Agnihotri G, Reshetylo S, Mashaghi A, Dana R, Hematti P, Djalilian AR. Cornea-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapeutically Modulate Macrophage Immunophenotype and Angiogenic Function. Stem Cells 2018; 36:775-784. [PMID: 29341332 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are crucial drivers of inflammatory corneal neovascularization and thus are potential targets for immunomodulatory therapies. We hypothesized that therapeutic use of cornea-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (cMSCs) may alter the function of macrophages. We found that cMSCs can modulate the phenotype and angiogenic function of macrophages. In vitro, cMSCs induce apoptosis of macrophages while preferentially promoting a distinct CD14hi CD16hi CD163hi CD206hi immunophenotype that has significantly reduced angiogenic effects based on in vitro angiogenesis assays. In vivo, application of cMSCs to murine corneas after injury leads to reduced macrophage infiltration and higher expression of CD206 in macrophages. Macrophages cocultured ("educated") by cMSCs express significantly higher levels of anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory factors compared with control macrophages. In vivo, injured corneas treated with cMSC-educated macrophages demonstrate significantly less neovascularization compared with corneas treated with control macrophages. Knocking down the expression of pigment epithelial derived factor (PEDF) in cMSCs significantly abrogates its modulating effects on macrophages, as shown by the reduced rate of apoptosis, decreased expression of sFLT-1/PEDF, and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in the cocultured macrophages. Similarly, cMSCs isolated from PEDF knockout mice are less effective compared with wild-type cMSCs at inhibiting macrophage infiltration when applied to wild-type corneas after injury. Overall, these results demonstrate that cMSCs therapeutically suppress the angiogenic capacity of macrophages and highlight the role of cMSC secreted PEDF in the modulation of macrophage phenotype and function. Stem Cells 2018;36:775-784.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ilham Putra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiang Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Judy Hamouie
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Asha Tadepalli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Khandaker N Anwar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John A Kink
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Samaneh Ghassemi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gaurav Agnihotri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sofiya Reshetylo
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reza Dana
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zanata F, Shaik S, Devireddy RV, Wu X, Ferreira LM, Gimble JM. Cryopreserved Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells: Potential for Applications in Clinic and Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 951:137-146. [PMID: 27837560 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells (ASC) have considerable potential for regenerative medicine due to their abilities to proliferate, differentiate into multiple cell lineages, high cell yield, relative ease of acquisition, and almost no ethical concerns since they are derived from adult tissue. Storage of ASC by cryopreservation has been well described that maintains high cell yield and viability, stable immunophenotype, and robust differentiation potential post-thaw. This ability is crucial for banking research and for clinical therapeutic purposes that avoid the morbidity related to repetitive liposuction tissue harvests. ASC secrete various biomolecules such as cytokines which are reported to have immunomodulatory properties and therapeutic potential to reverse symptoms of multiple degenerative diseases/disorders. Nevertheless, safety regarding the use of these cells clinically is still under investigation. This chapter focuses on the different aspects of cryopreserved ASC and the methods to evaluate their functionality for future clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zanata
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shahensha Shaik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Ram V Devireddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans BioInnovation Center, Suite 304, 1441 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans BioInnovation Center, Suite 304, 1441 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen W, Xia ZK, Zhang MH, Ding GC, Zhang XY, Wang ZX, Yang RY. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells ameliorates dermal fibrosis in a mouse model of scleroderma. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 10:52-56. [PMID: 28107865 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for limited cutaneous scleroderma (LS) in mouse models. METHODS ADSCs were isolated from pathogen-free female C57BL/6 mice and LS was induced in wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice via daily injection of bleomycin (0.1 mL × 300 μg/mL) for 4 weeks; then the ADSCs were subcutaneously injected into the dorsal area in the model treatment group, and 100 μL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution was injected into the same site in the model control group. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used to track the cells using an in vivo imaging system on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after transplantation. All mice were sacrificed and histologic analyses were performed after 4 weeks, and the skin thickness, collagen deposition and the total content of hydroxyproline were evaluated. Additionally, immunohistochemistry were performed to compare the tissue expression and distribution of TGF-β1 and VEGF between the ADSCs treatment group and the treatment control group. RESULTS WT C57BL/6 LS mouse model were successfully established and GFP in vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the translated ADSCs survived at the local for at least 4 weeks. Compared with the control group, the ADSCs treatment group significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis, reduced the skin thickness and the total content of hydroxyproline (P < 0.05). The ADSCs treatment group displayed significantly lower levels of TGF-β1 and higher levels of VEGF than the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ADSCs may provide a feasible and practical treatment for autoimmune diseases such as LS and ameliorate dermal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Dermatology, Zhu Ri He Base Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Inner Mongolia, China; Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Kuan Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Man-Hui Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Chun Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Xu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Ya Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Ultrasound, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu H, Bi X, Cao F, Zhu C, Liu H, Song J, Ma L, Ma L, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Liu H, Xu X, Zhang S. Molecular Characterization of Equine APRIL and its Expression Analysis During the Adipogenic Differentiation of Equine Adipose-Derived Stem Cell In Vitro. Anim Biotechnol 2016; 27:262-8. [PMID: 27565870 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2016.1182540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) is a member of the TNF superfamily. It shares two receptors with B-cell activating factor (BAFF), B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), and transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI). Herein, the equine APRIL was identified from equine adipose-derived stem cell (ASC), and the protein expression of APRIL and its related molecules were detected during the adipogenic differentiation of equine ASC in vitro. The equine APRIL gene was located on chromosome 11, spans 1852 base pairs (bp). Its open reading frame covers 753 bp, encoding a 250-amino acid protein with the typical TNF structure domain. During the two weeks' adipogenic differentiation of equine ASC, although the protein expression of APRIL and TACI had an insignificant change, that of BCMA increased significantly. Moreover, with the addition of recombinant protein His6-sAPRIL, a reduced differentiation of equine ASC toward adipocyte was detected. These results may provide the basis for investigating the role of APRIL in ASC adipogenic differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China.,b Basic Medical College , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Bi
- c College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Fang Cao
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Zhu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Hongzhen Liu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Jinyun Song
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Lei Ma
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Li Ma
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Zhao
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Xinzhou Xu
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- a Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology , Life Science College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Marfia G, Navone SE, Hadi LA, Paroni M, Berno V, Beretta M, Gualtierotti R, Ingegnoli F, Levi V, Miozzo M, Geginat J, Fassina L, Rampini P, Tremolada C, Riboni L, Campanella R. The Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Inhibits Inflammatory Responses of Microglia: Evidence for an Involvement of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signalling. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1095-107. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Marfia
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Elena Navone
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Loubna Abdel Hadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, LITA-Segrate, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Moira Paroni
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,” Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Berno
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,” Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Beretta
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Levi
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,” Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Department of Health Sciences and Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Rampini
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Riboni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, LITA-Segrate, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Campanella
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy, Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gimble JM, Ray SP, Zanata F, Wu X, Wade J, Khoobehi K, Ferreira LM, Bunnell BA. Adipose Derived Cells and Tissues for Regenerative Medicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1477-1482. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen P. Ray
- Cancer
Treatment Center, Midwestern Regional Medical Center, Zion, Illinois 60099, United States
| | - Fabiana Zanata
- Universidade Federal São Paulo, São
Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Xiying Wu
- LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - James Wade
- Plastic Surgery Consultants, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, United States
| | - Kamran Khoobehi
- Khoobehi and Associates, Metairie, Louisiana 70002, United States
| | | | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Department
of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans Louisiana 70112, United States
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Salazar Álvarez AE, García Arranz M, Riera Del Moral L, Mendieta Azcona C, Leblic Ramírez I, Fernández Heredero Á. Adipose mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in a desperate case of right-hand ischemia. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:725-8. [PMID: 27173748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariano García Arranz
- Health Research Institute, Unit of Cell Therapy Research, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate collagen antibody-induced autoimmune arthritis by inducing expression of FCGIIB receptors. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015. [PMID: 26210906 PMCID: PMC4515315 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue. MSCs have multiple properties including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in various disease models and human diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying this wide range of effects need to be explored. Methods Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) is a unique model in which arthritis is rapidly and strongly induced. ASCs were intraperitoneally infused into CAIA mice before or after arthritis induction. The serum levels of various cytokines, adipokines, and chemokines were measured. The expression of FC gamma receptors (FCGRs) was investigated in peritoneal macrophages ex vivo. RAW264.7 cells and ASCs were co-cultured to elucidate the direct and indirect role of ASCs on FCGR expression. Results ASCs attenuated arthritis in CAIA mice. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-15, resistin, and leptin were reduced in ASC-treated CAIA mice, whereas serum levels of IL-6 and adiponectin were not affected. In peritoneal macrophages isolated from ASC-treated mice, expression of FCGRIIB, which is immunoinhibitory, was higher than that of FCGRI. Co-culture of ASCs with RAW264.7 cells modulated the expression of FCGRs. The expression patterns and timings of peak expression differed among FCGRs. Expression of FCGRIIB was higher and peaked earlier than that of FCGRI. FCGRIII expression was not affected by this co-culture. Conclusions This is a study to show that ASCs have anti-arthritic effects in CAIA mice. Modulation of FCGRs by ASCs might be a therapeutic mechanism in this antibody-associated arthritis model.
Collapse
|
27
|
Novel treatment strategies for feline chronic kidney disease: A critical look at the potential of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Vet J 2015; 204:241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
28
|
Strong AL, Bowles AC, MacCrimmon CP, Frazier TP, Lee SJ, Wu X, Katz AJ, Gawronska-Kozak B, Bunnell BA, Gimble JM. Adipose stromal cells repair pressure ulcers in both young and elderly mice: potential role of adipogenesis in skin repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:632-42. [PMID: 25900728 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED More than 2.5 million patients in the U.S. require treatment for pressure ulcers annually, and the elderly are at particularly high risk for pressure ulcer development. Current therapy for pressure ulcers consists of conservative medical management for shallow lesions and aggressive debridement and surgery for deeper lesions. The current study uses a murine model to address the hypothesis that adipose-derived stromal/stem cell (ASC) treatment would accelerate and enhance pressure ulcer repair. The dorsal skin of both young (2 months old [mo]) and old (20 mo) C57BL/6J female mice was sandwiched between external magnets for 12 hours over 2 consecutive days to initiate a pressure ulcer. One day following the induction, mice were injected with ASCs isolated from congenic mice transgenic for the green fluorescent protein under a ubiquitous promoter. Relative to phosphate-buffered saline-treated controls, ASC-treated mice displayed a cell concentration-dependent acceleration of wound closure, improved epidermal/dermal architecture, increased adipogenesis, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. The ASC-induced improvements occurred in both young and elderly recipients, although the expression profile of angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and reparative mRNAs differed as a function of age. The results are consistent with clinical reports that fat grafting improved skin architecture in thermal injuries; the authors of this published study have invoked ASC-based mechanisms to account for their clinical outcomes. Thus, the current proof-of-principle study sets the stage for clinical translation of autologous and/or allogeneic ASC treatment of pressure ulcers. SIGNIFICANCE Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) promote the healing of pressure ulcer wounds in both young and old mice. ASCs enhance wound healing rates through adipogenic differentiation and regeneration of the underlying architecture of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Strong
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie C Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Connor P MacCrimmon
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Trivia P Frazier
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephen J Lee
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Adam J Katz
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Barbara Gawronska-Kozak
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Departments of Medicine, Surgery, and Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Baptista LS, Silva KR, Borojevic R. Obesity and weight loss could alter the properties of adipose stem cells? World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:165-173. [PMID: 25621116 PMCID: PMC4300927 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i1.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery that adipose tissue represents an interesting source of multipotent stem cells has led to many studies exploring the clinical potential of these cells in cell-based therapies. Recent advances in understanding the secretory capacity of adipose tissue and the role of adipokines in the development of obesity and associated disorders have added a new dimension to the study of adipose tissue biology in normal and diseased states. Subcutaneous adipose tissue forms the interface between the clinical application of regenerative medicine and the establishment of the pathological condition of obesity. These two facets of adipose tissue should be understood as potentially related phenomena. Because of the functional characteristics of adipose stem cells, these cells represent a fundamental tool for understanding how these two facets are interconnected and could be important for therapeutic applications. In fact, adipose tissue stem cells have multiple functions in obesity related to adipogenic, angiogenic and secretory capacities. In addition, we have also previously described a predominance of larger blood vessels and an adipogenic memory in the subcutaneous adipose tissue after massive weight loss subsequent to bariatric surgery (ex-obese patients). Understanding the reversibility of the behavior of adipose stem cells in obeses and in weight loss is relevant to both physiological studies and the potential use of these cells in regenerative medicine.
Collapse
|
30
|
Marfia G, Navone SE, Di Vito C, Ughi N, Tabano S, Miozzo M, Tremolada C, Bolla G, Crotti C, Ingegnoli F, Rampini P, Riboni L, Gualtierotti R, Campanella R. Mesenchymal stem cells: potential for therapy and treatment of chronic non-healing skin wounds. Organogenesis 2015; 11:183-206. [PMID: 26652928 PMCID: PMC4879897 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2015.1126018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex physiological process including overlapping phases (hemostatic/inflammatory, proliferating and remodeling phases). Every alteration in this mechanism might lead to pathological conditions of different medical relevance. Treatments for chronic non-healing wounds are expensive because reiterative treatments are needed. Regenerative medicine and in particular mesenchymal stem cells approach is emerging as new potential clinical application in wound healing. In the past decades, advance in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing process has led to extensive topical administration of growth factors as part of wound care. Currently, no definitive treatment is available and the research on optimal wound care depends upon the efficacy and cost-benefit of emerging therapies. Here we provide an overview on the novel approaches through stem cell therapy to improve cutaneous wound healing, with a focus on diabetic wounds and Systemic Sclerosis-associated ulcers, which are particularly challenging. Current and future treatment approaches are discussed with an emphasis on recent advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Marfia
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Elena Navone
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Di Vito
- University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate; Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ughi
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Tabano
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology; Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Division of Pathology; Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Bolla
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Crotti
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ingegnoli
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Rampini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Riboni
- University of Milan; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine; LITA-Segrate; Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Gualtierotti
- Division of Rheumatology; Istituto Gaetano Pini; Milan Italy; Department of Clinical Science & Community Health; University of Milan; Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Campanella
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Milan; Neurosurgery Unit; Laboratory of Experimental Neurosurgery and Cell Therapy; Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Davis TA, Anam K, Lazdun Y, Gimble JM, Elster EA. Adipose-derived stromal cells promote allograft tolerance induction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:1444-50. [PMID: 25411475 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amputations and unsalvageable injuries with devastating tissue loss are common in the combat wounded. Reconstructive transplantation in the civilian setting using vascular composite allotransplants (VCAs) with multiple tissues (skin, muscle, nerve, bone) combined with long-term multidrug immunosuppression has been encouraging. However, skin rejection remains a critical complication. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) are easily obtained from normal individuals in high numbers, precluding ex vivo expansion. The reparative function and paracrine immunomodulatory capacity of ASCs has gained considerable attention. The present study investigated whether ASCs facilitate long-term skin allograft survival. ASCs were isolated from fresh human subcutaneous adipose lipoaspirate. Full-thickness skin grafts from BALB/c mice were transplanted onto the dorsal flanks of C57BL/6 mice treated with five doses of anti-CD4/CD8 monoclonal antibodies (10 mg/kg) on days 0, +2, +5, +7, and +14 relative to skin grafting. A single nonmyeloablative low dose of busulfan (5 mg/kg) was given on day +5. Seven days after skin transplantation, ASCs (3×10(6)) were infused i.v. with or without donor bone marrow cells (BMCs; 5×10(5)). ASC+BMC coinfusion with minimal conditioning led to stable lymphoid and myeloid macrochimerism, deletion of alloreactive T cells, expansion of regulatory T cells, and long-term allograft survival (>200 days). ASCs constitutively produced high levels of anti-inflammatory/immunoregulatory factors such as prostaglandin E2, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, APO-1/Fas (CD95), and programmed cell death-1 ligand-2. These findings serve as a foundation for developing a translational advanced VCA protocol, embodying both ASCs and low-dose donor BMCs, in nonhuman primates, with the goal of enhancing functional outcomes and eliminating the complications associated with long-term immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Davis
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine and Surgery Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell, LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Khairul Anam
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine and Surgery Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell, LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yelena Lazdun
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine and Surgery Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell, LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine and Surgery Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell, LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eric A Elster
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine and Surgery Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; LaCell, LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kokai LE, Marra K, Rubin JP. Adipose stem cells: biology and clinical applications for tissue repair and regeneration. Transl Res 2014; 163:399-408. [PMID: 24361334 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a clear clinical need for cell therapies to repair or regenerate tissue lost to disease or trauma. Adipose tissue is a renewable source of stem cells, called adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), that release important growth factors for wound healing, modulate the immune system, decrease inflammation, and home in on injured tissues. Therefore, ASCs may offer great clinical utility in regenerative therapies for afflictions such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis, or for replacing lost tissue from trauma or tumor removal. This article discusses the regenerative properties of ASCs that can be harnessed for clinical applications, and explores current and future challenges for ASC clinical use. Such challenges include knowledge-based deficiencies, hurdles for translating research to the clinic, and barriers to establishing a new paradigm of medical care. Clinical experience with ASCs, ASCs as a portion of the heterogeneous stromal cell population extracted enzymatically from adipose tissue, and stromal vascular fraction are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Kokai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kacey Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gimble JM, Bunnell BA, Frazier T, Rowan B, Shah F, Thomas-Porch C, Wu X. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells: a primer. Organogenesis 2013; 9:3-10. [PMID: 23538753 DOI: 10.4161/org.24279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, the complexity of adipose tissue and its physiological role was not well appreciated. This changed with the discovery of adipokines such as leptin. The cellular composition of adipose tissue is heterogeneous and changes as a function of diabetes and disease states such as diabetes. Tissue engineers view adipose tissue as a rich source of adult stromal/stem cells isolated by collagenase digestion. In vitro and in vivo studies have documented that adipose stromal/stem cells are multipotent, with the ability to differentiate along the adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast and other lineage pathways. The adipose stromal/stem cells secrete a wide range of cytokines and growth factors with potential paracrine actions. Furthermore, adipose stromal/stem cells exert immunomodulatory functions when added to mixed lymphocyte reactions, suggesting that they can be transplanted allogeneically. This review article focuses on these mechanisms of adipose stromal/stem cell action and their potential utility as cellular therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Gimble
- Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|