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Khaparkhuntikar K, Maji I, Gupta SK, Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Sriram A, Gupta U, Guru SK, Kulkarni P, Singh PK. Acalabrutinib as a novel hope for the treatment of breast and lung cancer: an in-silico proof of concept. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1469-1484. [PMID: 37272883 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is proved to be a groundbreaking concept in the field of cancer research, accelerating the pace of de novo drug discovery by investigating the anti-cancer activity of the already approved drugs. On the other hand, it got highly benefitted from the advancement in the in-silico tools and techniques, which are used to build up the initial "proof of concept" based on the drug-target interaction. Acalabrutinib (ACL) is a well-known drug for the treatment of hematological malignancies. But, the therapeutic ability of ACL against solid tumors is still unexplored. Thereby, the activity of ACL on breast cancer and lung cancer was evaluated utilizing different computational methods. A series of proteins such as VEGFR1, ALK, BCL2, CXCR-4, mTOR, AKT, PI3K, HER-2, and Estrogen receptors were selected based on their involvement in the progression of the breast as well as lung cancer. A multi-level computational study starting from protein-ligand docking to molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were performed to detect the binding potential of ACL towards the selected proteins. Results of the study led to the identification of ACL as a ligand that showed a high docking score and binding energy with HER-2, mTOR, and VEGFR-1 successively. Whereas, the MD simulations study has also shown good docked complex stability of ACL with HER2 and VEGFR1. Our findings suggest that interaction with those receptors can lead to preventive action on both breast and lung cancer, thus it can be concluded that ACL could be a potential molecule for the same purpose.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedar Khaparkhuntikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Gupta
- Department of Bioinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Anitha Sriram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Prachi Kulkarni
- Department of Physiology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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Drosslerova M, Sterclova M, Taskova A, Hytych V, Richterova E, Bruzova M, Spunda M, Komarc M, Koziar Vasakova M. CCL2, CCL8, CXCL12 chemokines in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2023; 167:335-339. [PMID: 36628560 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2022.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complex networks of chemokines are part of the immune reaction targeted against tumor cells. Chemokines influence cancer growth. It is unclear whether the concentrations of chemokines at the time of NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) diagnosis differ from healthy controls and reflect the extent of NSCLC. AIMS To compare chemokine concentrations (CCL2, CCL8, CXCL12) in the plasma of patients with resectable NSCLC to those without cancer. To determine whether the chemokine concentrations differ relative to the stage of disease. METHODS Sixty-nine patients undergoing surgery for proven/suspected NSCLC were enrolled. They underwent standard diagnostic and staging procedures to determine resectability, surgery was performed. Forty-two patients were diagnosed with NSCLC, while 27patients had benign lung lesions and functioned as the control group. Chemokine concentrations in peripheral blood were assessed using ELISA. Parametric statistics were used for the analysis of results. RESULTS There were no differences in plasma chemokine concentrations in NSCLC patients compared to controls. CXCL12 concentrations correlated positively with tumor extent expressed as clinical stage, (mean values: stage I 5.08 ng/mL, SEM 0.59; stage II and IIIA 7.82 ng/mL; SEM 1.06; P=0.022). Patients with NSCLC stages II+IIIA had significantly higher CXCL12 concentrations than controls (mean values: stage II+IIIA 7.82 ng/mL; SEM 1.06; controls 5.3 ng/mL; SEM 0.46; P=0.017). CONCLUSION CXCL12 was related to tumor growth and could potentially be used as a biomarker of advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Drosslerova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Sterclova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Taskova
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Hytych
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Richterova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Bruzova
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Spunda
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Komarc
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Koziar Vasakova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Mirshahvalad SA, Manafi-Farid R, Fallahi B, Seifi S, Geramifar P, Emami-Ardekani A, Eftekhari M, Beiki D. Diagnostic value of [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor versus [ 18 F]FDG PET/CTs in non-small cell lung cancer: a head-to-head comparative study. Nucl Med Commun 2023; 44:803-809. [PMID: 37334548 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to compare the diagnostic value of [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor and [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS Patients with pathology-proven NSCLC were prospectively included. Patients underwent [ 18 F]FDG and [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT within 1 week. All suspicious lesions were interpreted as benign or malignant, and the corresponding PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters were recorded. A two-sided P -value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Twelve consecutive NSCLC patients (mean age: 60 ± 7) were included. All patients underwent both [ 18 F]FDG and [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT scans with a median interval of 2 days. Overall, 73 abnormal lesions were detected, from which 58 (79%) were concordant between [ 18 F]FDG and [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT. All primary tumors were clearly detectable in both scans visually. Also, [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT demonstrated rather comparable results with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT scan in detecting metastatic lesions. However, malignant lesions demonstrated significantly higher SUVmax and SUVmean in [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT ( P -values <0.05). Regarding the advantages, [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor depicted two brain metastases that were missed by [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT. Also, a highly suspicious lesion for recurrence on [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT scan was correctly classified as benign by subsequent [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT. CONCLUSION [ 68 Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT was concordant with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT in detecting primary NSCLC tumors and could visualize the majority of metastatic lesions. Moreover, this modality was found to be potentially helpful in excluding tumoural lesions when the [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT was equivocal, as well as in detecting brain metastasis where [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT suffers from poor sensitivity. However, the count statistics were significantly lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Reyhaneh Manafi-Farid
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Babak Fallahi
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Sharareh Seifi
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parham Geramifar
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Alireza Emami-Ardekani
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Eftekhari
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
| | - Davood Beiki
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
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Bao S, Darvishi M, H Amin A, Al-Haideri MT, Patra I, Kashikova K, Ahmad I, Alsaikhan F, Al-Qaim ZH, Al-Gazally ME, Kiasari BA, Tavakoli-Far B, Sidikov AA, Mustafa YF, Akhavan-Sigari R. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) blockade in cancer treatment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:7945-7968. [PMID: 36905421 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily and is specific for CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12, also known as SDF-1), which makes CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. CXCR4 interacts with its ligand, triggering downstream signaling pathways that influence cell proliferation chemotaxis, migration, and gene expression. The interaction also regulates physiological processes, including hematopoiesis, organogenesis, and tissue repair. Multiple evidence revealed that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is implicated in several pathways involved in carcinogenesis and plays a key role in tumor growth, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Several CXCR4-targeting compounds have been discovered and used for preclinical and clinical cancer therapy, most of which have shown promising anti-tumor activity. In this review, we summarized the physiological signaling of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and described the role of this axis in tumor progression, and focused on the potential therapeutic options and strategies to block CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Bao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, 221000, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Darvishi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center (IDTMRC), Department of Aerospace and Subaquatic Medicine, AJA University of Medicinal Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysoon T Al-Haideri
- Department of Physiotherapy, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Indrajit Patra
- An Independent Researcher, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Tavakoli-Far
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Akmal A Sidikov
- Rector, Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, Ferghana, Uzbekistan
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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Costa L, Sousa E, Fernandes C. Cyclic Peptides in Pipeline: What Future for These Great Molecules? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:996. [PMID: 37513908 PMCID: PMC10386233 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are molecules that are already used as drugs in therapies approved for various pharmacological activities, for example, as antibiotics, antifungals, anticancer, and immunosuppressants. Interest in these molecules has been growing due to the improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the cyclic structure over linear peptides and by the evolution of chemical synthesis, computational, and in vitro methods. To date, 53 cyclic peptides have been approved by different regulatory authorities, and many others are in clinical trials for a wide diversity of conditions. In this review, the potential of cyclic peptides is presented, and general aspects of their synthesis and development are discussed. Furthermore, an overview of already approved cyclic peptides is also given, and the cyclic peptides in clinical trials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Costa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4050-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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6
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Watts A, Singh B, Singh H, Bal A, Kaur H, Dhanota N, Arora SK, Mittal BR, Behera D. [ 68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging for in vivo CXCR4 receptor mapping in different lung cancer histologic sub-types: correlation with quantitative receptors' density by immunochemistry techniques. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1216-1227. [PMID: 36482077 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In vivo CXCR4 receptor quantification in different lung cancer (LC) sub-types using [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT and to study correlation with quantitative CXCR4 receptors' tissue density by immunochemistry analyses. METHODS [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT imaging was performed prospectively in 94 (77 M: 17F, mean age 60.1 ± 10.1 years) LC patients. CXCR4 receptors' expression on lung mass in all the patients was estimated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analyses. SUVmax on PET, intensity score on IHC, and mean fluorescence index (MFI) on FACS analyses were measured. RESULTS A total of 75/94 (79.8%) cases had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 14 (14.9%) had small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 5 (5.3%) had lung neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN). All LC types showed increased CXCR4 expression on PET (SUVmax) and FACS (MFI). However, both these parameters (mean SUVmax = 10.3 ± 5.0; mean MFI = 349.0 ± 99.0) were significantly (p = 0.005) higher in SCLC as compared to those in NSCLC and lung NEN. The mean SUVmax in adenocarcinoma (n = 16) was 8.0 ± 1.9 which was significantly (p = 0.003) higher than in squamous cell carcinoma (n = 54; 6.2 ± 2.1) and in not-otherwise specified (NOS) sub-types (n = 5; 5.8 ± 1.5) of NSCLC. A significant correlation (r = 0.697; p = 001) was seen between SUVmax and MFI values in squamous cell NSCLC as well as in NSCLC adenocarcinoma (r = 0.538, p = 0.031) which supports the specific in vivo uptake of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor by CXCR4 receptors. However, this correlation was not significant in SCLC (r = 0.435, p = 0.121) and NEN (r = 0.747, p = 0.147) which may be due to the small sample size. [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT provided good sensitivity (85.7%) and specificity (78.1%) for differentiating SCLC from NSCLC (ROC cutoff SUVmax = 7.2). This technique presented similar sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (71.4%) (ROC cutoff SUVmax = 6.7) for differentiating adenocarcinoma and squamous cell variants of NSCLC. CONCLUSION The high sensitivity and specificity of [68Ga]Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for in vivo targeting of CXCR4 receptors in lung cancer can thus be used effectively for the response assessment and development of CXCR4-based radioligand therapies in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Watts
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Harmandeep Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Harneet Kaur
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ninjit Dhanota
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sunil K Arora
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Bhagwant R Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Digambar Behera
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Kogue Y, Kobayashi H, Nakamura Y, Takano T, Furuta C, Kawano O, Yasuma T, Nishimura T, D’Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Fujimoto H, Gabazza EC, Kobayashi T, Fukai I. Prognostic Value of CXCL12 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Tumor Resection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:255. [PMID: 37227446 PMCID: PMC9967107 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy is commonly indicated in lung cancer patients undergoing surgical therapy because tumor recurrence is frequent. A biomarker that can predict tumor recurrence in the postoperative period is currently unavailable. CXCR4 receptor and its ligand CXCL12 play important roles in metastasis. This study investigated the value of tumor CXCL12 expression to predict prognosis and indicate adjuvant chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients. This study enrolled 82 non-small cell lung cancer patients. The expression of CXCL12 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The degree of CXCL12 expression was assessed using the Allred score system. Among all subjects, the progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly prolonged in cancer patients with low tumor expression of CXCL12 compared to patients with high tumor expression. Multivariate analysis showed that the increased level of CXCL12 is a significant predictor of progression-free survival and overall survival in NSCLC patients. Among subjects with high tumor CXCL12 expression, progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly improved in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy compared to untreated patients. These results suggest the potential value of tumor CXCL12 expression as a marker to predict prognosis and to indicate adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical tumor resection in non-small cell lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Kogue
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Faculty, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Department of Pathology, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Takano
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
| | - Chihiro Furuta
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
| | - Osamu Kawano
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Faculty, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nishimura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mie Chuo Medical Center, Hisaimyojincho, Tsu 514-1101, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Faculty, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Faculty, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Faculty, Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Ichiro Fukai
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, Suzuka Chuo General Hospital, 1275-53, Yasuzukacho, Suzuka 513-8630, Japan
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Targeting CXCR4 and CD47 Receptors: An Overview of New and Old Molecules for a Biological Personalized Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012499. [PMID: 36293358 PMCID: PMC9604048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological therapy, with its multifaceted applications, has revolutionized the treatment of tumors, mainly due to its ability to exclusively target cancer cells and reduce the adverse effects on normal tissues. This review focuses on the therapies targeting the CXCR4 and CD47 receptors. We surveyed the results of early clinical trials testing compounds classified as nonpeptides, small peptides, CXCR4 antagonists or specific antibodies whose activity reduces or completely blocks the intracellular signaling pathways and cell proliferation. We then examined antibodies and fusion proteins against CD47, the receptor that acts as a “do not eat me” signal to phagocytes escaping immune surveillance. Despite these molecules being tested in early clinical trials, some drawbacks are emerging that impair their use in practice. Finally, we examined the ImmunoGenic Surrender mechanism that involves crosstalk and co-internalization of CXCR4 and CD47 upon engagement of CXCR4 by ligands or other molecules. The favorable effect of such compounds is dual as CD47 surface reduction impact on the immune response adds to the block of CXCR4 proliferative potential. These results suggest that a combination of different therapeutic approaches has more beneficial effects on patients’ survival and may pave the way for new accomplishments in personalized anticancer therapy.
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Zhao R, Liu J, Li Z, Zhang W, Wang F, Zhang B. Recent Advances in CXCL12/CXCR4 Antagonists and Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081541. [PMID: 35893797 PMCID: PMC9332179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines can induce chemotactic cell migration by interacting with G protein-coupled receptors to play a significant regulatory role in the development of cancer. CXC chemokine-12 (CXCL12) can specifically bind to CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and is closely associated with the progression of cancer via multiple signaling pathways. Over recent years, many CXCR4 antagonists have been tested in clinical trials; however, Plerixafor (AMD3100) is the only drug that has been approved for marketing thus far. In this review, we first summarize the mechanisms that mediate the physiological effects of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Then, we describe the use of CXCL12/CXCR4 antagonists. Finally, we discuss the use of nano-based drug delivery systems that exert action on the CXCL12/CXCR4 biological axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Feng Wang
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-536-8462490 (B.Z.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.Z.); Tel.: +86-536-8462490 (B.Z.)
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Nkandeu DS, Basson C, Joubert AM, Serem JC, Bipath P, Nyakudya T, Hlophe Y. The involvement of a chemokine receptor antagonist CTCE-9908 and kynurenine metabolites in cancer development. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:608-622. [PMID: 35789495 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in South Africa with nearly 20,000 reported cases every year and 700 deaths. If diagnosed early, the 5-year survival rate is about 90%, however, when diagnosed late, the 5-year survival rate decreases to about 20%. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with an estimated 5-year survival rate of approximately 90%. Neuroblastoma is a paediatric cancer with a low survival rate. Sixty percent of patients with metastatic disease do not survive 5 years after diagnosis. Despite recent advances in targeted therapies, there is a crucial need to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers which will be able to contribute to the development of more precision-based chemotherapeutic strategies to prevent tumour migration and metastasis. The compound, CTCE-9908 inhibits the binding of CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) to the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) receptor leading to reduced metastasis. Kynurenine metabolites are derived tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid. Kynurenine metabolites inhibit T-cell proliferation resulting in cell growth arrest. For this reason, chemokines receptors represent potential targets for the treatment of cancer growth and metastasis. In this review paper, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling pathway in the development of cancer is highlighted together with the current available treatments involving the CTCE-9908 compound in combination with microtubule inhibitors like paclitaxel and docetaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Sandra Nkandeu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charlize Basson
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Anna Margaretha Joubert
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Trevor Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yvette Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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11
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Chemokines and NSCLC: Emerging role in prognosis, heterogeneity, and therapeutics. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:233-246. [PMID: 35787939 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer persists to contribute to one-quarter of cancer-associated deaths. Among the different histologies, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) alone accounts for 85% of the cases. The development of therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors has increased patients' survival probability and reduced mortality rates. Developing targeted therapies against essential genetic alterations also translates to better treatment strategies. But the benefits still seem farfetched due to the development of drug resistance and refractory tumors. In this review, we have highlighted the interplay of different tumor microenvironment components, essentially discussing the chemokine families (CC, CXC, C, and CX3C) that regulate the tumor biology in NSCLC and promote tumor growth, metastasis, and associated heterogeneity. The development of therapeutics and prognostic markers is a complex and multipronged approach. However, some essential chemokines can act as critical players for being considered potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets.
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12
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Lesniak WG, Azad BB, Chatterjee S, Lisok A, Pomper MG. An Evaluation of CXCR4 Targeting with PAMAM Dendrimer Conjugates for Oncologic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030655. [PMID: 35336029 PMCID: PMC8953329 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for the management of various cancers. CXCR4 has been utilized in immunotherapy, targeted drug delivery, and endoradiotherapy. Poly(amidoamine) [PAMAM] dendrimers are well-defined polymers with unique properties that have been used in the fabrication of nanomaterials for several biomedical applications. Here, we describe the formulation and pharmacokinetics of generation-5 CXCR4-targeted PAMAM (G5-X4) dendrimers. G5-X4 demonstrated an IC50 of 0.95 nM to CXCR4 against CXCL12-Red in CHO-SNAP-CXCR4 cells. Single-photon computed tomography/computed tomography imaging and biodistribution studies of 111In-labeled G5-X4 showed enhanced uptake in subcutaneous U87 glioblastoma tumors stably expressing CXCR4 with 8.2 ± 2.1, 8.4 ± 0.5, 11.5 ± 0.9, 10.4 ± 2.6, and 8.8 ± 0.5% injected dose per gram of tissue at 1, 3, 24, 48, and 120 h after injection, respectively. Specific accumulation of [111In]G5-X4 in CXCR4-positive tumors was inhibited by the peptidomimetic CXCR4 inhibitor, POL3026. Our results demonstrate that while CXCR4 targeting is beneficial for tumor accumulation at early time points, differences in tumor uptake are diminished over time as passive accumulation takes place. This study further confirms the applicability of PAMAM dendrimers for imaging and therapeutic applications. It also emphasizes careful consideration of image acquisition and/or treatment times when designing dendritic nanoplatforms for tumor targeting.
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13
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Chai X, Yinwang E, Wang Z, Wang Z, Xue Y, Li B, Zhou H, Zhang W, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li H, Mou H, Sun L, Qu H, Wang F, Zhang Z, Chen T, Ye Z. Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Bone Metastasis and Their Therapeutic Value. Front Oncol 2021; 11:692788. [PMID: 34722241 PMCID: PMC8552022 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.692788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Bone metastasis, which usually accompanies severe skeletal-related events, is the most common site for tumor distant dissemination and detected in more than one-third of patients with advanced lung cancer. Biopsy and imaging play critical roles in the diagnosis of bone metastasis; however, these approaches are characterized by evident limitations. Recently, studies regarding potential biomarkers in the serum, urine, and tumor tissue, were performed to predict the bone metastases and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In this review, we summarize the findings of recent clinical research studies on biomarkers detected in samples obtained from patients with lung cancer bone metastasis. These markers include the following: (1) bone resorption-associated markers, such as N-terminal telopeptide (NTx)/C-terminal telopeptide (CTx), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx-I), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP-5b), pyridinoline (PYD), and parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP); (2) bone formation-associated markers, including total serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP)/bone specific alkaline phosphatase(BAP), osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OS), amino-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen/carboxy-terminal extension propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP/PINP); (3) signaling markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor/Kirsten rat sarcoma/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EGFR/KRAS/ALK), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/RANK/OPG), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4), complement component 5a receptor (C5AR); and (4) other potential markers, such as calcium sensing receptor (CASR), bone sialoprotein (BSP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), cytokeratin 19 fragment/carcinoembryonic antigen (CYFRA/CEA), tissue factor, cell-free DNA, long non-coding RNA, and microRNA. The prognostic value of these markers is also investigated. Furthermore, we listed some clinical trials targeting hotspot biomarkers in advanced lung cancer referring for their therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Chai
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Eloy Yinwang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zenan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenkan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengdong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haochen Mou
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangqian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Orthopedic Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Cao D, Naiyila X, Li J, Huang Y, Chen Z, Chen B, Li J, Guo J, Dong Q, Ai J, Yang L, Liu L, Wei Q. Potential Strategies to Improve the Effectiveness of Drug Therapy by Changing Factors Related to Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705280. [PMID: 34447750 PMCID: PMC8383319 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various cell types and extracellular components. It contains tumor cells and is nourished by a network of blood vessels. The TME not only plays a significant role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors but also has a far-reaching impact on the effect of therapeutics. Continuous interaction between tumor cells and the environment, which is mediated by their environment, may lead to drug resistance. In this review, we focus on the key cellular components of the TME and the potential strategies to improve the effectiveness of drug therapy by changing their related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaokaiti Naiyila
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbing Guo
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that wildly used in surgical treatment and postoperative medical care for lung cancers. We hypothesized that lidocaine at clinical plasma concentration can inhibit CXCL12/CXCR4 axis-regulated cytoskeletal remodeling thereby reduce the migration of Non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) cells. METHODS: We determined the effect of lidocaine at clinical plasma concentration on CXCL12-induced cell viability, apoptosis, cell death, monolayer cell wound healing rate, individual cell migration indicators, expression of CXCR4, CD44, and ICAM-1, intracellular Ca2+ level, and filamentous actin level alteration of NSCLC cells A549 and CXCR4-knocked down A549 cells using CCK-8, Bcl-2 ELISA, Cell death ELISA, wound healing assay, chemotaxis assay, western blotting, QPCR, Fura-2-based intracellular Ca2+ assay, and Fluorescein Phalloidin staining respectively. RESULTS: Lidocaine did not affect cell viability, apoptosis, and cell death but inhibited CXCL12-induced migration, intracellular Ca2+ releasing, and filamentous actin increase. Lidocaine decreased expression of CXCR4, increased CD44, but had no effect on ICAM-1. CXCL12 induced the increase of CD44 and ICAM-1 but did not affect CD44 in the presence of lidocaine. The knockdown of CXCR4 eliminated all the effects of lidocaine. The overexpression of CXCR4 promoted migration but the migration was inhibited by lidocaine. CONCLUSION: Lidocaine at clinical plasma concentrations inhibited CXCL12-induced CXCR4 activation, thereby reduced the intracellular Ca2+-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling, resulting in slower migration of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yanan Cui
- Corresponding author: Yanan Cui, Department of Anesthesiology, Heping Hospital Affilicated to Changzhi Medical College, Shanxi 046000, China. E-mail:
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16
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Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents about 15% of all lung cancers and is marked by an exceptionally high proliferative rate, strong predilection for early metastasis and poor prognosis. SCLC is strongly associated with exposure to tobacco carcinogens. Most patients have metastatic disease at diagnosis, with only one-third having earlier-stage disease that is amenable to potentially curative multimodality therapy. Genomic profiling of SCLC reveals extensive chromosomal rearrangements and a high mutation burden, almost always including functional inactivation of the tumour suppressor genes TP53 and RB1. Analyses of both human SCLC and murine models have defined subtypes of disease based on the relative expression of dominant transcriptional regulators and have also revealed substantial intratumoural heterogeneity. Aspects of this heterogeneity have been implicated in tumour evolution, metastasis and acquired therapeutic resistance. Although clinical progress in SCLC treatment has been notoriously slow, a better understanding of the biology of disease has uncovered novel vulnerabilities that might be amenable to targeted therapeutic approaches. The recent introduction of immune checkpoint blockade into the treatment of patients with SCLC is offering new hope, with a small subset of patients deriving prolonged benefit. Strategies to direct targeted therapies to those patients who are most likely to respond and to extend the durable benefit of effective antitumour immunity to a greater fraction of patients are urgently needed and are now being actively explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Elisabeth Brambilla
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Gao ZY, Yu LL, Shi BX, Dong ZL, Sun YJ, Ma HS. T140 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Proliferation and Matrix Formation Through the SDF-1/CXC Receptor-4 Signaling Pathway in Endplate Chondrocytes of the Rat Intervertebral Discs. World Neurosurg 2020; 133:e165-e172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Xun Y, Yang H, Li J, Wu F, Liu F. CXC Chemokine Receptors in the Tumor Microenvironment and an Update of Antagonist Development. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:1-40. [PMID: 32816229 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors, a diverse group within the seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, are frequently overexpressed in malignant tumors. Ligand binding activates multiple downstream signal transduction cascades that drive tumor growth and metastasis, resulting in poor clinical outcome. These receptors are thus considered promising targets for anti-tumor therapy. This article reviews recent studies on the expression and function of CXC chemokine receptors in various tumor microenvironments and recent developments in cancer therapy using CXC chemokine receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiekai Li
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fuling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China.
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19
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Verdelli C, Vaira V, Corbetta S. Parathyroid Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1226:37-50. [PMID: 32030674 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36214-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid tumors are the second most common endocrine neoplasia, and it is almost always associated with hypersecretion of the parathormone (PTH), involved in calcium homeostasis, causing primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Parathyroid neoplasia has a stromal component particularly represented in atypical adenomatous and carcinomatous lesions. Recently, data about the features and the function of the parathyroid tumor microenvironment (TME) have been accumulated. Parathyroid TME includes heterogeneous cells: endothelial cells, myofibroblasts, lymphocytes and macrophages, and mesenchymal stem cells have been identified, each of them presenting a phenotype consistent with tumor-associated cells. Parathyroid tumors overexpress proangiogenic molecules including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and angiopoietins that promote both recruitment and proliferation of endothelial cell precursors, thus resulting in a microvessel density higher than that detected in normal parathyroid glands. Moreover, parathyroid tumor endocrine cells operate multifaceted interactions with stromal cells, partly mediated by the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway, while, at present, the immune landscape of parathyroid tumors has just begun to be investigated. Studies about TME in parathyroid adenomas provide an example of the role of TME in benign tumors, whose molecular mechanisms and functions comprehension are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Verdelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Corbetta
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Endocrinology and Diabetology Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Jia D, Li Y, Han R, Wang K, Cai G, He C, Yang L. miR‑146a‑5p expression is upregulated by the CXCR4 antagonist TN14003 and attenuates SDF‑1‑induced cartilage degradation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4388-4400. [PMID: 30942441 PMCID: PMC6472139 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an aseptic inflammatory disease which is associated with the stromal cell-derived factor 1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) axis. Accumulating studies have identified numbers of microRNAs (miRNAs) that serve important roles in the pathogenesis of OA. However, whether and how the inhibition of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis induces alterations in miRNA expression remains largely unclear. miRNA profiling was performed in OA chondrocytes stimulated with SDF-1 alone, or SDF-1 with the CXCR4 antagonist TN14003 by miRNA microarray. Candidate miRNAs were verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatic analyses including target prediction, gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were performed to explore the potential functions of candidate miRNAs. Notably, 7 miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-126-3p, miR-185-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-124-3p and miR-130a-3p) were significantly differentially expressed. GO analysis indicated that miR-146a-5p and its associated genes were enriched in receptor regulatory activity, nuclear factor-kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-inducing kinase activity, cellular response to interleukin-1, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-κB signaling pathway and osteoclast differentiation pathways. CXCR4 was predicted to be a target of miR-146a-5p with high importance. The mRNA and protein levels of key factors involved in cartilage degeneration were measured following manipulation of the expression levels of miR-146a-5p in OA chondrocytes. CXCR4 and MMP-3 levels were negatively associated with miR-146a-5p expression, while the levels of type II collagen and aggrecan were positively associated. These data reveal that TN14003 upregulates miR-146a-5p expression, and also pinpoints a novel role of miR-146a-5p in inhibiting cartilage degeneration by directly targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jia
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Diabetology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Cai
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
| | - Lingjian Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, P.R. China
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21
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Costa MJ, Kudaravalli J, Ma JT, Ho WH, Delaria K, Holz C, Stauffer A, Chunyk AG, Zong Q, Blasi E, Buetow B, Tran TT, Lindquist K, Dorywalska M, Rajpal A, Shelton DL, Strop P, Liu SH. Optimal design, anti-tumour efficacy and tolerability of anti-CXCR4 antibody drug conjugates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2443. [PMID: 30792442 PMCID: PMC6384886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38745-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are promising therapies for haematological cancers. Historically, their therapeutic benefit is due to ADC targeting of lineage-restricted antigens. The C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is attractive for targeted therapy of haematological cancers, given its expression in multiple tumour types and role in cancer "homing" to bone marrow. However, CXCR4 is also expressed in haematopoietic cells and other normal tissues, raising safety challenges to the development of anti-CXCR4 ADCs for cancer treatment. Here, we designed the first anti-CXCR4 ADC with favourable therapeutic index, effective in xenografts of haematopoietic cancers resistant to standard of care and anti-CXCR4 antibodies. We screened multiple ADC configurations, by varying type of linker-payload, drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR), affinity and Fc format. The optimal ADC bears a non-cleavable linker, auristatin as payload at DAR = 4 and a low affinity antibody with effector-reduced Fc. Contrary to other drugs targeting CXCR4, anti-CXCR4 ADCs effectively eliminated cancer cells as monotherapy, while minimizing leucocytosis. The optimal ADC selectively eliminated CXCR4+ cancer cells in solid tumours, but showed limited toxicity to normal CXCR4+ tissues, sparing haematopoietic stem cells and progenitors. Our work provides proof-of-concept that through empirical ADC design, it is possible to target proteins with broad normal tissue expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Costa
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Jyothirmayee Kudaravalli
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jing-Tyan Ma
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Wei-Hsien Ho
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Alector, 151, Oyster Point Blvd, suite 300, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Kathy Delaria
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Grifols Diagnostic Solutions, 6455 Christie Ave B-334C, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Charles Holz
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Grifols Diagnostic Solutions, 6455 Christie Ave B-334C, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Angela Stauffer
- BioMedicine Design, Medicinal Sciences, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 10646 Science Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Allison Given Chunyk
- BioMedicine Design, Medicinal Sciences, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 10646 Science Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Qing Zong
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 10646 Science Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Eileen Blasi
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 10646 Science Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bernard Buetow
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 10646 Science Center Dr, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Thomas-Toan Tran
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Inc, 630 Gateway Blvd, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Kevin Lindquist
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Magdalena Dorywalska
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Arvind Rajpal
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Rd suite A, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - David L Shelton
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Pavel Strop
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Bristol-Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Rd suite A, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Shu-Hui Liu
- Cancer Immunology Discovery, Oncology Research and Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 230 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Multitude Therapeutics, Abmart, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
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22
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Sakyiamah MM, Kobayakawa T, Fujino M, Konno M, Narumi T, Tanaka T, Nomura W, Yamamoto N, Murakami T, Tamamura H. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of low molecular weight CXCR4 ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1130-1138. [PMID: 30772128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4/stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1: CXCL12) signaling axis represents a crucial drug target due to its relevance to several diseases such as HIV-1 infection, cancer, leukemia, and rheumatoid arthritis. With the aim of enhancing the binding affinity and anti-HIV activity of a potent CXCR4 ligand as a lead, 23 low molecular weight compounds containing dipicolylamine (Dpa) and cyclam cationic moieties with varying spacers and spatial positioning were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. All of the synthesized compounds screened at 1.0 μM in the NanoBRET assay system exhibited >70% inhibition of the binding of a competitive probe TAMRA-Ac-TZ14011 (10 nM) to CXCR4 in the presence of zinc (II) ion. Furthermore, selected compounds 3, 8, 9, 19 and 21 with spatial distances between the next carbon to Dpa and the next carbon to cyclam within the range of 6.5-7.5 Å showed potent binding affinity selective for CXCR4 with IC50 values of 1.6, 7.9, 5.7, 3.5 and 4.5 nM, respectively, with corresponding high anti-HIV activity with EC50s of 28, 13, 21, 28 and 61 nM, respectively, in the presence of zinc (II) ion. Some compounds with remarkably more potent CXCR4-binding affinity than that of an initial lead were obtained. These compounds interact with different but overlapping amino acid residues of CXCR4. The present studies have developed new low molecular weight CXCR4 ligands with high CXCR4-binding and anti-HIV activities, which open avenue into the development of more potent CXCR4 ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell M Sakyiamah
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8150, Japan
| | - Takuya Kobayakawa
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Fujino
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Makoto Konno
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Narumi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Wataru Nomura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Tsutomu Murakami
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Tamamura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8150, Japan.
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23
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Wald O. CXCR4 Based Therapeutics for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7100303. [PMID: 30257500 PMCID: PMC6210654 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common malignancy. Unfortunately, despite advances in multimodality therapeutics for the disease, the overall five-year survival rate among newly diagnosed lung cancer patients remains in the range region of 15%. In addition, although immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being incorporated into lung cancer treatment protocols, the proportion of patients that respond to these agents remains low and the duration of response is often short. Therefore, novel methodologies to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer are highly desirable. Chemokines are small chemotactic cytokines that interact with their 7 transmembrane G-protein⁻coupled receptors, to guide immune cell trafficking in the body under both physiologic and pathologic conditions. Tumor cells highjack a small repertoire of the chemokine/chemokine receptor system and utilize it in a manner that benefits local tumor growth and distant spread. The chemokine receptor, CXCR4 is expressed in over 30 types of malignant tumors and, through interaction with its ligand CXCL12, was shown exert pleotropic pro-tumorigenic effects. In this review, the pathologic roles that CXCL12/CXCR4 play in lung cancer propagation are presented. Furthermore, the challenges and potential benefits of incorporating drugs that target CXCL12/CXCR4 into immune-based lung cancer therapeutic protocols are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ori Wald
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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24
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Lecavalier-Barsoum M, Chaudary N, Han K, Koritzinsky M, Hill R, Milosevic M. Targeting the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway and myeloid cells to improve radiation treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1017-1028. [PMID: 29417588 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Approximately half of cervical cancer patients present with locally advanced disease, for which surgery is not an option. These cases are nonetheless potentially curable with radiotherapy and cisplatin chemotherapy. Unfortunately, some tumours are resistant to treatment, and lymph node and distant recurrences are major problems in patients with advanced disease at diagnosis. New targeted treatments that can overcome treatment resistance and reduce metastases are urgently needed. The CXCL12/CXCR4 chemokine pathway is ubiquitously expressed in many normal tissues and cancers, including cervical cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that it plays a central role in cervical cancer pathogenesis, malignant progression, the development of metastases and radiation treatment response. Pre-clinical studies of standard-of-care fractionated radiotherapy and concurrent weekly cisplatin plus the CXCR4 inhibitor Plerixafor (AMD3100) in patient-derived orthotopic cervical cancer xenografts have shown improved primary tumour response and reduced lymph node metastases with no increase in early or late side effects. These studies have pointed the way forward to future clinical trials of radiotherapy/cisplatin plus Plerixafor or other newly emerging CXCL12 or CXCR4 inhibitors in women with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Lecavalier-Barsoum
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Naz Chaudary
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kathy Han
- Radiation Medicine Program, University Health Network and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marianne Koritzinsky
- Radiation Medicine Program, University Health Network and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Richard Hill
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Campbell Family Institute for Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Radiation Medicine Program, University Health Network and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Milosevic
- Radiation Medicine Program, University Health Network and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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25
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Yang R, Duan C, Yuan L, Engelbach JA, Tsien CI, Beeman SC, Perez-Torres CJ, Ge X, Rich KM, Ackerman JJH, Garbow JR. Inhibitors of HIF-1α and CXCR4 Mitigate the Development of Radiation Necrosis in Mouse Brain. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 100:1016-1025. [PMID: 29485043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is mounting evidence that, in addition to angiogenesis, hypoxia-induced inflammation via the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of late-onset, irradiation-induced necrosis. This study investigates the mitigative efficacy of an HIF-1α inhibitor, topotecan, and a CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, on the development of radiation necrosis (RN) in an intracranial mouse model. METHODS AND MATERIALS Mice received a single-fraction, 50-Gy dose of hemispheric irradiation from the Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion and were then treated with either topotecan, an HIF-1α inhibitor, from 1 to 12 weeks after irradiation, or AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, from 4 to 12 weeks after irradiation. The onset and progression of RN were monitored longitudinally via noninvasive, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from 4 to 12 weeks after irradiation. Conventional hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining were performed to evaluate the treatment response. RESULTS The progression of brain RN was significantly mitigated for mice treated with either topotecan or AMD3100 compared with control animals. MRI-derived lesion volumes were significantly smaller for both of the treated groups, and histologic findings correlated well with the MRI data. By hematoxylin-eosin staining, both treated groups demonstrated reduced irradiation-induced tissue damage compared with controls. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry results revealed that expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, CXC chemokine ligand 12, CD68, CD3, and tumor necrosis factor α in the lesion area were significantly lower in treated (topotecan or AMD3100) brains versus control brains, while ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and HIF-1α expression was similar, though somewhat reduced. CXCR4 expression was reduced only in topotecan-treated mice, while interleukin 6 expression was unaffected by either topotecan or AMD3100. CONCLUSIONS By reducing inflammation, both topotecan and AMD3100 can, independently, mitigate the development of RN in the mouse brain. When combined with first-line, antiangiogenic treatment, anti-inflammation therapy may provide an adjuvant therapeutic strategy for clinical, postirradiation management of tumors, with additional benefits in the mitigation of RN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimeng Yang
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Chong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Liya Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - John A Engelbach
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Christina I Tsien
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Scott C Beeman
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Xia Ge
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Keith M Rich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joseph J H Ackerman
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joel R Garbow
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri.
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26
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Klein S, Abraham M, Bulvik B, Dery E, Weiss ID, Barashi N, Abramovitch R, Wald H, Harel Y, Olam D, Weiss L, Beider K, Eizenberg O, Wald O, Galun E, Pereg Y, Peled A. CXCR4 Promotes Neuroblastoma Growth and Therapeutic Resistance through miR-15a/16-1-Mediated ERK and BCL2/Cyclin D1 Pathways. Cancer Res 2017; 78:1471-1483. [PMID: 29259008 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CXCR4 expression in neuroblastoma tumors correlates with disease severity. In this study, we describe mechanisms by which CXCR4 signaling controls neuroblastoma tumor growth and response to therapy. We found that overexpression of CXCR4 or stimulation with CXCL12 supports neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. Moreover, CXCR4 inhibition with the high-affinity CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 prevented tumor growth and reduced survival of tumor cells. These effects were mediated by the upregulation of miR-15a/16-1, which resulted in downregulation of their target genes BCL-2 and cyclin D1, as well as inhibition of ERK. Overexpression of miR-15a/16-1 in cells increased cell death, whereas antagomirs to miR-15a/16-1 abolished the proapoptotic effects of BL-8040. CXCR4 overexpression also increased miR-15a/16-1, shifting their oncogenic dependency from the BCL-2 to the ERK signaling pathway. Overall, our results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of CXCR4 inhibition in neuroblastoma treatment and provide a rationale to test combination therapies employing CXCR4 and BCL-2 inhibitors to increase the efficacy of these agents.Significance: These results provide a mechanistic rationale for combination therapy of CXCR4 and BCL-2 inhibitors to treat a common and commonly aggressive pediatric cancer.Cancer Res; 78(6); 1471-83. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Klein
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Elia Dery
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ido D Weiss
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Barashi
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rinat Abramovitch
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Wald
- Biokine Therapeutics Ltd., Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Yaniv Harel
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Devorah Olam
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lola Weiss
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katia Beider
- Hematology Division, Chaim Sheba Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Ori Wald
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Amnon Peled
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel. .,Biokine Therapeutics Ltd., Ness Ziona, Israel
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27
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Katsura M, Shoji F, Okamoto T, Shimamatsu S, Hirai F, Toyokawa G, Morodomi Y, Tagawa T, Oda Y, Maehara Y. Correlation between CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis expression and prognosis in lymph-node-positive lung cancer patients. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:154-165. [PMID: 29032612 PMCID: PMC5765305 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis plays important roles in the migration of tumor cells during cancer development by modulating site‐specific distant metastasis including to regional lymph nodes. We investigated the correlation of these chemokine expressions to prognosis in lymph‐node‐positive non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 140 surgically resected specimens of primary site (PS) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of NSCLC involving hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (N1‐2) were collected. CXCR4, CXCR7 and CXCL12 expressions were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether these chemokines were independent prognostic factors in N1‐2 NSCLC. High expression of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = .025 and .033, respectively). Significant correlations between CXCR4 expression in PS and CXCL12 expression in MLN were observed (P = .040). There was significant difference in OS between 2 groups according to expressions of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN (P = .0033). Expression of CXCL12 in MLN was identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.08‐3.04, P = .023). CXCL12 in MLN was mainly expressed by tumor cells compared with stromal cells (56% vs 25%, respectively, P < .0001). CXCR4/CXCL12 may play roles in tumor progression in MLN and is associated with poor prognosis of lymph‐node‐positive NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Katsura
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Shoji
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Okamoto
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Shimamatsu
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hirai
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gouji Toyokawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morodomi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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28
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Walenkamp AME, Lapa C, Herrmann K, Wester HJ. CXCR4 Ligands: The Next Big Hit? J Nucl Med 2017; 58:77S-82S. [PMID: 28864616 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.186874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled protein receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is an attractive target for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as it is overexpressed in many solid and hematologic cancers. Binding of its ligand, C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), results in receptor internalization and activation of several signal transduction pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B, which are critical in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, development of metastasis, and survival. Also, the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis is involved in the interaction between hematopoietic stem cells (as well as hematologic and solid tumor cells) and their protective microenvironment. This interaction can be disrupted by CXCR4 antagonists. This concept is being used clinically to harvest hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells from bone marrow and to sensitize cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and the potential to overcome tumor microenvironment-driven immunosuppression is being explored. This review focuses on new strategies for improvement of cancer treatment by targeting of the CXCR4-CXCL12 interaction. Because of its critical role in cancer, many peptidic and nonpeptidic ligands with different modes of antagonistic activity against the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis have been developed, with some of them reaching clinical trials. Molecular imaging with recently developed radiolabeled CXCR4 ligands could facilitate the selection of patients who might benefit from directed targeted therapy, including CXCR4-directed endoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemiek M E Walenkamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Constantin Lapa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and.,Scintomics GmbH, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany
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29
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Tao L, Huang G, Song H, Chen Y, Chen L. Cancer associated fibroblasts: An essential role in the tumor microenvironment. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2611-2620. [PMID: 28927027 PMCID: PMC5588104 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts in the tumor stroma are well recognized as having an indispensable role in carcinogenesis, including in the initiation of epithelial tumor formation. The association between cancer cells and fibroblasts has been highlighted in several previous studies. Regulation factors released from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) into the tumor microenvironment have essential roles, including the support of tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and therapy resistance. A mutual interaction between tumor-induced fibroblast activation, and fibroblast-induced tumor proliferation and metastasis occurs, thus CAFs act as tumor supporters. Previous studies have reported that by developing fibroblast-targeting drugs, it may be possible to interrupt the interaction between fibroblasts and the tumor, thus resulting in the suppression of tumor growth, and metastasis. The present review focused on the reciprocal feedback loop between fibroblasts and cancer cells, and evaluated the potential application of anti-CAF agents in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Guichun Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Haizhu Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yitian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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30
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Cheng ZH, Shi YX, Yuan M, Xiong D, Zheng JH, Zhang ZY. Chemokines and their receptors in lung cancer progression and metastasis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 17:342-51. [PMID: 27143261 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality around the world. Despite advancements in diagnosis, surgical techniques, and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy over the last decade, the mortality rate is still high and the 5-year survival is a dismal 15%. Fortunately, early detection by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans has reduced mortality by 20%; yet, overall, 5-year-survival remains low at less than 20%. Therefore, in order to ameliorate this situation, a thorough understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is urgently needed. Chemokines and their receptors, crucial microenvironmental factors, play important roles in lung tumor genesis, progression, and metastasis, and exploring the mechanisms of this might bring new insights into early diagnosis and precisely targeted treatment. Consequently, this review will mainly focus on recent advancements on the axes of chemokines and their receptors of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Hui Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.,Department of Radiology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, China
| | - Yu-Xin Shi
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
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31
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Wang L, Zhu B, Zhang M, Wang X. Roles of immune microenvironment heterogeneity in therapy-associated biomarkers in lung cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 64:90-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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32
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Dragoj M, Milosevic Z, Bankovic J, Tanic N, Pesic M, Stankovic T. Targeting CXCR4 and FAK reverses doxorubicin resistance and suppresses invasion in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 40:47-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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33
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Chen WL, Huang AF, Huang SM, Ho CL, Chang YL, Chan JYH. CD164 promotes lung tumor-initiating cells with stem cell activity and determines tumor growth and drug resistance via Akt/mTOR signaling. Oncotarget 2016; 8:54115-54135. [PMID: 28903328 PMCID: PMC5589567 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CD164 is a cell adhesion molecule that increases hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration via C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling. Emerging evidence indicates that elevated CD164 expression is associated with aggressive metastasis, advanced stages, and shorter overall survival in lung cancer. However, no data are available regarding the clinical significance of CD164 expression in lung cancer. This study explores whether CD164 promotes tumor-initiation and drug resistance through the stem cell property. Using tissue microarrays, we determine that CD164 expression is correlated with clinicopathological characteristics in human lung cancer. The CD164 overexpression in normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS2B cells) leads to malignant transformation in vitro, tumorigenicity in xenografted mice, stem cell-like property, and drug resistance through ATP-binding cassette transporters. The CD164 overexpression increases CXCR4 expression and activates Akt/mTOR signaling. Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, hinders cell proliferation along with sphere formation in vitro and impedes tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, we have provided evidence that CD164 promotes the growth of lung tumor-initiating cells with stem cell properties and induces tumor growth and drug resistance through Akt/mTOR signaling. Therefore, identification of CD164 as a cancer stem cell therapeutic marker may develop an effective therapy in patients with chemoresistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ai-Fang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Liang Ho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yung-Lung Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - James Yi-Hsin Chan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
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34
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Oncogenic roles and drug target of CXCR4/CXCL12 axis in lung cancer and cancer stem cell. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8515-28. [PMID: 27079871 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the great progress has been made in diagnosis and therapeutic in lung cancer, it induces the most cancer death worldwide in both males and females. Chemokines, which have chemotactic abilities, contain up to 50 family members. By binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), holding seven-transmembrane domain, they function in immune cell trafficking and regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, activation, and migration, homing under both physiologic and pathologic conditions. The alpha-chemokine receptor CXCR4 for the alpha-chemokine stromal cell-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1) is most widely expressed by tumors. In addition to human tissues of the bone marrow, liver, adrenal glands, and brain, the CXC chemokine SDF-1 or CXCL12 is also highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and is associated with lung metastasis. Lung cancer cells have the capabilities to utilize and manipulate the CXCL12/CXCR system to benefit growth and distant spread. CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is a major culprit for lung cancer and has a crucial role in lung cancer initiation and progression by activating cancer stem cell. This review provides an evaluation of CXCL12/CXCR4 as the potential therapeutic target for lung cancers; it also focuses on the synergistic effects of inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and immunotherapy as well as chemotherapy. Together, CXCL12/CXCR4 axis can be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancers and has additive effects with immunotherapy.
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35
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Mao Y, Li W, Chen K, Xie Y, Liu Q, Yao M, Duan W, Zhou X, Liang R, Tao M. B7-H1 and B7-H3 are independent predictors of poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:3452-61. [PMID: 25609202 PMCID: PMC4413666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/1969] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B7-H1 and B7-H3, two members of the B7 family that are thought to regulate T-cell activation, are expressed in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their prognostic significance is poorly understood. In the present study we reported that B7-H1 and B7-H3 were expressed in 96/128 (72.7%) and 89/128 (69.5%) samples, respectively. B7-H1 and B7-H3 expression and the number of infiltrating T-cell intracellular antigen-1+ and interferon-γ+ cells in NSCLC tissues were significantly higher than those in the adjacent tissues (p<0.01). High B7-H1 or B7-H3 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (p<0.05, respectively). Sex, TNM stage, B7-H1, B7-H3, and T-cell intracellular antigen-1 expression remained significant prognostic factors after adjusting for other prognostic factors in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. In vitro studies revealed that knockdown of B7-H3 on tumor cells enhanced T-cell growth and interferon-γ secretion when stimulated by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies. Interferon-γ reduced CXCR4 expression on cancer cells and inhibited the CXCL12-induced cell migration. B7-H1 and B7-H3 are independent predictors of poorer survival in patients with NSCLC. Interference of the signal pathways of these negative regulatory molecules might be a new strategy for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Mao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Pathology, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Duan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiumin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rongrui Liang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, Suzhou, China
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36
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In the hunt for therapeutic targets: mimicking the growth, metastasis, and stromal associations of early-stage lung cancer using a novel orthotopic animal model. J Thorac Oncol 2015; 10:46-58. [PMID: 25654727 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existing shortage of animal models that properly mimic the progression of early-stage human lung cancer from a solitary confined tumor to an invasive metastatic disease hinders accurate characterization of key interactions between lung cancer cells and their stroma. We herein describe a novel orthotopic animal model that addresses these concerns and consequently serves as an attractive platform to study tumor-stromal cell interactions under conditions that reflect early-stage lung cancer. METHODS Unlike previous methodologies, we directly injected small numbers of human or murine lung cancer cells into murine's left lung and longitudinally monitored disease progression. Next, we used green fluorescent protein-tagged tumor cells and immuno-fluorescent staining to determine the tumor's microanatomic distribution and to look for tumor-infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells. Finally, we compared chemokine gene expression patterns in the tumor and lung microenvironment. RESULTS We successfully generated a solitary pulmonary nodule surrounded by normal lung parenchyma that grew locally and spread distally over time. Notably, we found that both fibroblasts and leukocytes are recruited to the tumor's margins and that distinct myeloid cell attracting and CCR2-binding chemokines are specifically induced in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSION Our orthotopic lung cancer model closely mimics the pathologic sequence of events that characterizes early-stage human lung cancer propagation. It further introduces new means to monitor tumor-stromal cell interactions and offers unique opportunities to test therapeutic targets under conditions that reflect early-stage lung cancer. We argue that for such purposes our model is superior to lung cancer models that are based either on genetic induction of epithelial transformation or on ectopic transplantation of malignant cells.
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37
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Chen Z, Teo AE, McCarty N. ROS-Induced CXCR4 Signaling Regulates Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Cell Survival and Drug Resistance in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment via Autophagy. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:187-99. [PMID: 26350264 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with advanced stages of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have a poor prognosis after standard therapies. MCL cells in those patients often spread into tissues other than lymph nodes, such as the bone marrow. Apart from directed migration and homing, there is little understanding of the function of the CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling axis in MCL. In this report, we aim to understand mechanisms of MCL cell survival in the bone marrow. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN For comprehensive analyses of MCL interactions with bone marrow stromal cells, we have generated gene knockout cells using CRISPR-CAS9 system and gene knockdown cells to reveal novel roles of the CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling. RESULTS CXCR4 silencing in MCL cells led to a significant reduction in proliferation, cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells, and colony formation in PHA-LCM methylcellulose medium, which were reversed upon the addition of SDF-1-neutralizing antibodies. In addition, tracking MCL cell engraftment in vivo revealed that quiescent MCL cells are significantly reduced in the bone marrow upon CXCR4 silencing, indicating that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling is required for the survival and maintenance of the quiescent MCL cells. Further analysis revealed novel mechanisms of ROS-induced CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling that stimulate autophagy formation in MCL cells for their survival. CONCLUSIONS Our data, for the first time, revealed new roles of the CXCR/SDF-1 signaling axis on autophagy formation in MCL, which further promoted their survival within the bone marrow microenvironment. Targeting the CXCR4/SDF-1/autophagy signaling axis may contribute to an enhanced efficacy of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Disease, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM), University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Albert E Teo
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Disease, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM), University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Nami McCarty
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Disease, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (IMM), University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
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38
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CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 axis contributes to cell motilities of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:567-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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39
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Liu Y, Wu BQ, Geng H, Xu ML, Zhong HH. Association of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression with the invasion and metastasis of lung carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1315-1322. [PMID: 26622670 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine system has been reported to be utilized and manipulated by tumor cells in order to promote local tumor growth and distant dissemination. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of three chemokine ligand-receptor axes in lung carcinoma tissues. Tumor and healthy normal tissue samples were obtained from 120 lung carcinoma patients following surgical resection. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used in order to identify the protein and messenger (m)RNA expression of chemokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)12/stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, CXCL8/interleukin (IL)-8, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)19 and CCL21, and the corresponding chemokine receptors, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4, CXCR1, CXCR2 and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor (CCR)7, respectively. The results revealed that compared with the normal lung tissues, lung carcinoma tissues expressed significantly higher mRNA levels of CXCL12/SDF-1, CXCR4, CXCL8/IL-8, CXCR2, CCL19 and CCR7 (P<0.01). In four histological subtypes, adenocarcinoma presented dominant expression of CXCR4, CXCR2, CXCL8/IL-8 and CCL19 (P<0.05). In addition, it was demonstrated that tumor staging was inversely correlated with chemokine receptor CCR7 and CXCR2 mRNA expression as well as positively correlated with CXCL12/SDF-1, CXCL8/IL-8 and CCL19 mRNA levels (P<0.05). Lymph node metastasis presented a positive correlation with CXCR4, CXCR2 and CXCL8/IL-8 expression and a negative correlation with CCL19 and CCR7 expression (P<0.05). Furthermore, vascular invasion was more prevalent in patients with higher expression levels of CXCR4, CCR7 or CCL19 (P<0.01). In conclusion, these data suggested that the ligand-receptor interaction of CXCL8-CXCR2, CXCL12-CXCR4 and CCL19-CCR7 may be involved in the tumorigenesis of lung carcinoma. Higher expression levels of chemokines and lower expression of chemokine receptors indicated poor tumor staging. The CXC chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR2, promoted lymphatic metastasis through the activation of their specific ligands, while CCL19 and its receptor CCR7 had an essential role in hematogenous metastasis of lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China ; Department of Pathology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Quan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Hua Geng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Lin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Hao Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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40
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Siemann DW, Horsman MR. Modulation of the tumor vasculature and oxygenation to improve therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 153:107-24. [PMID: 26073310 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is increasingly recognized as a major factor influencing the success of therapeutic treatments and has become a key focus for cancer research. The progressive growth of a tumor results in an inability of normal tissue blood vessels to oxygenate and provide sufficient nutritional support to tumor cells. As a consequence the expanding neoplastic cell population initiates its own vascular network which is both structurally and functionally abnormal. This aberrant vasculature impacts all aspects of the tumor microenvironment including the cells, extracellular matrix, and extracellular molecules which together are essential for the initiation, progression and spread of tumor cells. The physical conditions that arise are imposing and manifold, and include elevated interstitial pressure, localized extracellular acidity, and regions of oxygen and nutrient deprivation. No less important are the functional consequences experienced by the tumor cells residing in such environments: adaptation to hypoxia, cell quiescence, modulation of transporters and critical signaling molecules, immune escape, and enhanced metastatic potential. Together these factors lead to therapeutic barriers that create a significant hindrance to the control of cancers by conventional anticancer therapies. However, the aberrant nature of the tumor microenvironments also offers unique therapeutic opportunities. Particularly interventions that seek to improve tumor physiology and alleviate tumor hypoxia will selectively impair the neoplastic cell populations residing in these environments. Ultimately, by combining such therapeutic strategies with conventional anticancer treatments it may be possible to bring cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis to a halt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar W Siemann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Michael R Horsman
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital-NBG, Aarhus, Denmark
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41
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Abstract
Chemokines mediate numerous physiological and pathological processes related primarily to cell homing and migration. The chemokine CXCL12, also known as stromal cell-derived factor-1, binds the G-protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which, through multiple divergent pathways, leads to chemotaxis, enhanced intracellular calcium, cell adhesion, survival, proliferation, and gene transcription. CXCR4, initially discovered for its involvement in HIV entry and leukocytes trafficking, is overexpressed in more than 23 human cancers. Cancer cell CXCR4 overexpression contributes to tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, relapse, and therapeutic resistance. CXCR4 antagonism has been shown to disrupt tumor-stromal interactions, sensitize cancer cells to cytotoxic drugs, and reduce tumor growth and metastatic burden. As such, CXCR4 is a target not only for therapeutic intervention but also for noninvasive monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic guidance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological involvement of CXCR4 in human cancers, the current status of CXCR4-based therapeutic approaches, as well as recent advances in noninvasive imaging of CXCR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samit Chatterjee
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Babak Behnam Azad
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sridhar Nimmagadda
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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42
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Rudisch A, Dewhurst MR, Horga LG, Kramer N, Harrer N, Dong M, van der Kuip H, Wernitznig A, Bernthaler A, Dolznig H, Sommergruber W. High EMT Signature Score of Invasive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells Correlates with NFκB Driven Colony-Stimulating Factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF) Secretion by Neighboring Stromal Fibroblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124283. [PMID: 25919140 PMCID: PMC4412534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We established co-cultures of invasive or non-invasive NSCLC cell lines and various types of fibroblasts (FBs) to more precisely characterize the molecular mechanism of tumor-stroma crosstalk in lung cancer. The HGF-MET-ERK1/2-CREB-axis was shown to contribute to the onset of the invasive phenotype of Calu-1 with HGF being secreted by FBs. Differential expression analysis of the respective mono- and co-cultures revealed an upregulation of NFκB-related genes exclusively in co-cultures with Calu-1. Cytokine Array- and ELISA-based characterization of the “cytokine fingerprints” identified CSF2 (GM-CSF), CXCL1, CXCL6, VEGF, IL6, RANTES and IL8 as being specifically upregulated in various co-cultures. Whilst CXCL6 exhibited a strictly FB-type-specific induction profile regardless of the invasiveness of the tumor cell line, CSF2 was only induced in co-cultures of invasive cell lines regardless of the partnered FB type. These cultures revealed a clear link between the induction of CSF2 and the EMT signature of the cancer cell line. The canonical NFκB signaling in FBs, but not in tumor cells, was shown to be responsible for the induced and constitutive CSF2 expression. In addition to CSF2, cytokine IL6, IL8 and IL1B, and chemokine CXCL1 and CXCL6 transcripts were also shown to be increased in co-cultured FBs. In contrast, their induction was not strictly dependent on the invasiveness of the co-cultured tumor cell. In a multi-reporter assay, additional signaling pathways (AP-1, HIF1-α, KLF4, SP-1 and ELK-1) were found to be induced in FBs co-cultured with Calu-1. Most importantly, no difference was observed in the level of inducibility of these six signaling pathways with regard to the type of FBs used. Finally, upon tumor fibroblast interaction the massive induction of chemokines such as CXCL1 and CXCL6 in FBs might be responsible for increased recruitment of a monocytic cell line (THP-1) in a transwell assay.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Communication/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dermis/pathology
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects
- Genes, Reporter
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Humans
- Inflammation/pathology
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Phenotype
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Spheroids, Cellular/drug effects
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Albin Rudisch
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Center of Molecular Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Nina Kramer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Harrer
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meng Dong
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Heiko van der Kuip
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wernitznig
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernthaler
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sommergruber
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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43
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Liu Q, Li Z, Gao JL, Wan W, Ganesan S, McDermott DH, Murphy PM. CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 redistributes leukocytes from primary immune organs to secondary immune organs, lung, and blood in mice. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1855-67. [PMID: 25801950 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AMD3100 (plerixafor), is a specific CXCR4 antagonist approved by the FDA for mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow to blood for transplantation in cancer. AMD3100 also mobilizes most mature leukocyte subsets to blood; however, their source and trafficking potential have not been fully delineated. Here, we show that a single injection of AMD3100 10 mg/kg into C57Bl/6 mice rapidly mobilizes (peak ∼ 2.5 h) the same leukocyte subsets to blood as in humans. Using this model, we found that AMD3100 mobilization of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes to blood is not reduced by splenectomy or by blockade of lymphocyte egress from lymph node with FTY720, but is coupled to (i) reduced content of each of these cell types in the bone marrow; (ii) reduced T-cell numbers in thymuses; (iii) increased lymphocytes in lymph nodes; and (iv) increased neutrophil and monocyte content in the lung. Direct intrathymic labeling showed that AMD3100 selectively mobilizes naïve thymic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to blood. Finally, AMD3100-induced neutrophil mobilization to blood did not reduce neutrophil trafficking to thioglycollate-inflamed peritoneum. Thus, AMD3100 redistributes lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils from primary immune organs to secondary immune organs, peripheral tissues, and blood, without compromising neutrophil trafficking to inflamed sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhanzhuo Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ji-Liang Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wuzhou Wan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sundar Ganesan
- Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David H McDermott
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip M Murphy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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44
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Verdelli C, Avagliano L, Creo P, Guarnieri V, Scillitani A, Vicentini L, Steffano GB, Beretta E, Soldati L, Costa E, Spada A, Bulfamante GP, Corbetta S. Tumour-associated fibroblasts contribute to neoangiogenesis in human parathyroid neoplasia. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:87-98. [PMID: 25515730 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Components of the tumour microenvironment initiate and promote cancer development. In this study, we investigated the stromal component of parathyroid neoplasia. Immunohistochemistry for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) showed an abundant periacinar distribution of α-SMA(+) cells in normal parathyroid glands (n=3). This pattern was progressively lost in parathyroid adenomas (PAds; n=6) where α-SMA(+)cells were found to surround new microvessels, as observed in foetal parathyroid glands (n=2). Moreover, in atypical adenomas (n=5) and carcinomas (n=4), α-SMA(+) cells disappeared from the parenchyma and accumulated in the capsula and fibrous bands. At variance with normal glands, parathyroid tumours (n=37) expressed high levels of fibroblast-activation protein (FAP) transcripts, a marker of tumour-associated fibroblasts. We analysed the ability of PAd-derived cells to activate fibroblasts using human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). PAd-derived cells induced a significant increase in FAP and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) mRNA levels in co-cultured hBM-MSCs. Furthermore, the role of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in the PAd-induced activation of hBM-MSCs was investigated. Treatment of co-cultures of hBM-MSCs and PAd-derived cells with the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 reduced the stimulated VEGFA levels, while CASR activation by the R568 agonist was ineffective. PAd-derived cells co-expressing parathyroid hormone (PTH)/CXCR4 and PTH/CXCL12 were identified by FACS, suggesting a paracrine/autocrine signalling. Finally, CXCR4 blockade by AMD3100 reduced PTH gene expression levels in PAd-derived cells. In conclusion, i) PAd-derived cells activated cells of mesenchymal origin; ii) PAd-associated fibroblasts were involved in tumuor neoangiogenesis and iii) CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway was expressed and active in PAd cells, likely contributing to parathyroid tumour neoangiogenesis and PTH synthesis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Verdelli
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - L Avagliano
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - P Creo
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - V Guarnieri
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - A Scillitani
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - L Vicentini
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - G B Steffano
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - E Beretta
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - L Soldati
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - E Costa
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - A Spada
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - G P Bulfamante
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - S Corbetta
- Laboratory of Molecular BiologyIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Human PathologySan Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyLaboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue EngineeringIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalyMedical GeneticsEndocrinology UnitIRCCS Hospital Casa Sollievo Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, ItalyEndocrine SurgeryIRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, ItalySurgery UnitIRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Health SciencesEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyEndocrinology and Diabetology UnitDepartment of Biomedical Sciences for Health, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
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Chittasupho C, Lirdprapamongkol K, Kewsuwan P, Sarisuta N. Targeted delivery of doxorubicin to A549 lung cancer cells by CXCR4 antagonist conjugated PLGA nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:529-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
The therapeutic potential of host-specific and tumour-specific immune responses is well recognized and, after many years, active immunotherapies directed at inducing or augmenting these responses are entering clinical practice. Antitumour immunization is a complex, multi-component task, and the optimal combinations of antigens, adjuvants, delivery vehicles and routes of administration are not yet identified. Active immunotherapy must also address the immunosuppressive and tolerogenic mechanisms deployed by tumours. This Review provides an overview of new results from clinical studies of therapeutic cancer vaccines directed against tumour-associated antigens and discusses their implications for the use of active immunotherapy.
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Lopez-Ayllon BD, Moncho-Amor V, Abarrategi A, Ibañez de Cáceres I, Castro-Carpeño J, Belda-Iniesta C, Perona R, Sastre L. Cancer stem cells and cisplatin-resistant cells isolated from non-small-lung cancer cell lines constitute related cell populations. Cancer Med 2014; 3:1099-111. [PMID: 24961511 PMCID: PMC4302662 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer-related deceases. One of the reasons is the development of resistance to the chemotherapy treatment. In particular, cancer stem cells (CSCs), can escape treatment and regenerate the bulk of the tumor. In this article, we describe a comparison between cancer cells resistant to cisplatin and CSCs, both derived from the non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines H460 and A549. Cisplatin-resistant cells were obtained after a single treatment with the drug. CSCs were isolated by culture in defined media, under nonadherent conditions. The isolated CSCs were clonogenic, could be differentiated into adherent cells and were less sensitive to cisplatin than the original cells. Cisplatin resistant and CSCs were able to generate primary tumors and to metastasize when injected into immunodeficient Nu/Nu mice, although they formed smaller tumors with a larger latency than untreated cells. Notably, under appropriated proportions, CSCs synergized with differentiated cells to form larger tumors. CSCs also showed increased capacity to induce angiogenesis in Nu/Nu mice. Conversely, H460 cisplatin-resistant cells showed increased tendency to develop bone metastasis. Gene expression analysis showed that several genes involved in tumor development and metastasis (EGR1, COX2, MALAT1, AKAP12, ADM) were similarly induced in CSC and cisplatin-resistant H460 cells, in agreement with a close similarity between these two cell populations. Cells with the characteristic growth properties of CSCs were also isolated from surgical samples of 18 out of 44 lung cancer patients. A significant correlation (P = 0.028) was found between the absence of CSCs and cisplatin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca D Lopez-Ayllon
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas CSIC/UAM, Biomarkers and Experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, IdiPAZ, Spain
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48
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CXC and CC chemokines as angiogenic modulators in nonhaematological tumors. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:768758. [PMID: 24971349 PMCID: PMC4058128 DOI: 10.1155/2014/768758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a superfamily of structurally homologous heparin-binding proteins that includes potent inducers and inhibitors of angiogenesis. The imbalance between angiogenic and angiostatic chemokine activities can lead to abnormalities, such as chronic inflammation, dysplastic transformation, and even tumor development and spreading. In this review, we summarize the current literature regarding the role of chemokines as modulators of tumor angiogenesis and their potential role as therapeutic targets in patients with nonhaematological tumors.
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49
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Larzabal L, El-Nikhely N, Redrado M, Seeger W, Savai R, Calvo A. Differential effects of drugs targeting cancer stem cell (CSC) and non-CSC populations on lung primary tumors and metastasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79798. [PMID: 24278179 PMCID: PMC3835894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation and recurrence after chemotherapy. Targeting CSCs and non-CSCs with specific compounds may be an effective approach to reduce lung cancer growth and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salinomycin, a selective inhibitor of CSCs, with or without combination with paclitaxel, in a metastatic model. To evaluate the effect of these drugs in metastasis and tumor microenvironment we took advantage of the immunocompetent and highly metastatic LLC mouse model. Aldefluor assays were used to analyze the ALDH+/− populations in murine LLC and human H460 and H1299 lung cancer cells. Salinomycin reduced the proportion of ALDH+ CSCs in LLC cells, whereas paclitaxel increased such population. The same effect was observed for the H460 and H1299 cell lines. Salinomycin reduced the tumorsphere formation capacity of LLC by more than 7-fold, but paclitaxel showed no effect. In in vivo experiments, paclitaxel reduced primary tumor volume but increased the number of metastatic nodules (p<0.05), whereas salinomycin had no effect on primary tumors but reduced lung metastasis (p<0.05). Combination of both drugs did not improve the effect of single therapies. ALDH1A1, SOX2, CXCR4 and SDF-1 mRNA levels were higher in metastatic lesions than in primary tumors, and were significantly elevated in both locations by paclitaxel treatment. On the contrary, such levels were reduced (or in some cases did not change) when mice were administered with salinomycin. The number of F4/80+ and CD11b+ cells was also reduced upon administration of both drugs, but particularly in metastasis. These results show that salinomycin targets ALDH+ lung CSCs, which has important therapeutic effects in vivo by reducing metastatic lesions. In contrast, paclitaxel (although reducing primary tumor growth) promotes the selection of ALDH+ cells that likely modify the lung microenvironment to foster metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Larzabal
- Laboratory of Novel Therapeutic Targets, Division of Oncology, CIMA of the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms in Lung Cancer, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Miriam Redrado
- Laboratory of Novel Therapeutic Targets, Division of Oncology, CIMA of the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms in Lung Cancer, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms in Lung Cancer, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Laboratory of Novel Therapeutic Targets, Division of Oncology, CIMA of the University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Bachelerie F, Ben-Baruch A, Burkhardt AM, Combadiere C, Farber JM, Graham GJ, Horuk R, Sparre-Ulrich AH, Locati M, Luster AD, Mantovani A, Matsushima K, Murphy PM, Nibbs R, Nomiyama H, Power CA, Proudfoot AEI, Rosenkilde MM, Rot A, Sozzani S, Thelen M, Yoshie O, Zlotnik A. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. [corrected]. LXXXIX. Update on the extended family of chemokine receptors and introducing a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 66:1-79. [PMID: 24218476 DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. This was announced in Pharmacological Reviews in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hébert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, and Power CA (2000) Pharmacol Rev 52:145-176]. Since then, several new receptors have been discovered, and major advances have been made for the others in many areas, including structural biology, signal transduction mechanisms, biology, and pharmacology. New and diverse roles have been identified in infection, immunity, inflammation, development, cancer, and other areas. The first two drugs acting at chemokine receptors have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), maraviroc targeting CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, and plerixafor targeting CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization for transplantation in cancer, and other candidates are now undergoing pivotal clinical trials for diverse disease indications. In addition, a subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors has emerged that may signal through arrestins instead of G proteins to act as chemokine scavengers, and many microbial and invertebrate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and soluble chemokine-binding proteins have been described. Here, we review this extended family of chemokine receptors and chemokine-binding proteins at the basic, translational, and clinical levels, including an update on drug development. We also introduce a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors with the stem ACKR (atypical chemokine receptor) approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology and the Human Genome Nomenclature Committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Bachelerie
- Chair, Subcommittee on Chemokine Receptors, Nomenclature Committee-International Union of Pharmacology, Bldg. 10, Room 11N113, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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