1
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Samus M, Rot A. Atypical chemokine receptors in cancer. Cytokine 2024; 176:156504. [PMID: 38266462 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) are a group of seven-transmembrane spanning serpentine receptors that are structurally homologous to classical G-protein-coupled receptors and bind cognate chemokines with high affinities but do not signal via G-proteins or mediate cell migration. However, ACKRs efficiently modify the availability and function of chemokines in defined microanatomical environments, can signal via intracellular effectors other than G-proteins, and play complex roles in physiology and disease, including in cancer. In this review, we summarize the findings on the diverse contributions of individual ACKRs to cancer development, progression, and tumor-host interactions. We discuss how changes in ACKR expression within tumor affect cancer growth, tumor vascularization, leukocyte infiltration, and metastasis formation, ultimately resulting in differential disease outcomes. Across many studies, ACKR3 expression was shown to support tumor growth and dissemination, whereas ACKR1, ACKR2, and ACKR4 in tumors were more likely to contribute to tumor suppression. With few notable exceptions, the insights on molecular and cellular mechanisms of ACKRs activities in cancer remain sparse, and the intricacies of their involvement are not fully appreciated. This is particularly true for ACKR1, ACKR2 and ACKR4. A better understanding of how ACKR expression and functions impact cancer should pave the way for their future targeting by new and effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryna Samus
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich 80336, Germany.
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2
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Melgrati S, Radice E, Ameti R, Hub E, Thelen S, Pelczar P, Jarrossay D, Rot A, Thelen M. Atlas of the anatomical localization of atypical chemokine receptors in healthy mice. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002111. [PMID: 37159457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) scavenge chemokines and can contribute to gradient formation by binding, internalizing, and delivering chemokines for lysosomal degradation. ACKRs do not couple to G-proteins and fail to induce typical signaling induced by chemokine receptors. ACKR3, which binds and scavenges CXCL12 and CXCL11, is known to be expressed in vascular endothelium, where it has immediate access to circulating chemokines. ACKR4, which binds and scavenges CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, CCL22, and CCL25, has also been detected in lymphatic and blood vessels of secondary lymphoid organs, where it clears chemokines to facilitate cell migration. Recently, GPR182, a novel ACKR-like scavenger receptor, has been identified and partially deorphanized. Multiple studies point towards the potential coexpression of these 3 ACKRs, which all interact with homeostatic chemokines, in defined cellular microenvironments of several organs. However, an extensive map of ACKR3, ACKR4, and GPR182 expression in mice has been missing. In order to reliably detect ACKR expression and coexpression, in the absence of specific anti-ACKR antibodies, we generated fluorescent reporter mice, ACKR3GFP/+, ACKR4GFP/+, GPR182mCherry/+, and engineered fluorescently labeled ACKR-selective chimeric chemokines for in vivo uptake. Our study on young healthy mice revealed unique and common expression patterns of ACKRs in primary and secondary lymphoid organs, small intestine, colon, liver, and kidney. Furthermore, using chimeric chemokines, we were able to detect distinct zonal expression and activity of ACKR4 and GPR182 in the liver, which suggests their cooperative relationship. This study provides a broad comparative view and a solid stepping stone for future functional explorations of ACKRs based on the microanatomical localization and distinct and cooperative roles of these powerful chemokine scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Melgrati
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Egle Radice
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Rafet Ameti
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- University of Basel, Center for Transgenic Models, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Jarrossay
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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3
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Rot A, Gutjahr JC, Biswas A, Aslani M, Hub E, Thiriot A, von Andrian UH, Megens RTA, Weber C, Duchene J. Murine bone marrow macrophages and human monocytes do not express atypical chemokine receptor 1. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1013-1015. [PMID: 35803222 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, EC1M 6BQ London, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia C Gutjahr
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Aindrila Biswas
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Aslani
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| | - Aude Thiriot
- Department of Immunology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, P. Debeyelaan, 6229HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, P. Debeyelaan, 6229HX Maastricht, the Netherlands; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a & 9, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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4
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Zhang Y, Garcia-Ibanez L, Ulbricht C, Lok LSC, Pike JA, Mueller-Winkler J, Dennison TW, Ferdinand JR, Burnett CJM, Yam-Puc JC, Zhang L, Alfaro RM, Takahama Y, Ohigashi I, Brown G, Kurosaki T, Tybulewicz VLJ, Rot A, Hauser AE, Clatworthy MR, Toellner KM. Recycling of memory B cells between germinal center and lymph node subcapsular sinus supports affinity maturation to antigenic drift. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2460. [PMID: 35513371 PMCID: PMC9072412 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection or vaccination leads to the development of germinal centers (GC) where B cells evolve high affinity antigen receptors, eventually producing antibody-forming plasma cells or memory B cells. Here we follow the migratory pathways of B cells emerging from germinal centers (BEM) and find that many BEM cells migrate into the lymph node subcapsular sinus (SCS) guided by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). From the SCS, BEM cells may exit the lymph node to enter distant tissues, while some BEM cells interact with and take up antigen from SCS macrophages, followed by CCL21-guided return towards the GC. Disruption of local CCL21 gradients inhibits the recycling of BEM cells and results in less efficient adaption to antigenic variation. Our findings thus suggest that the recycling of antigen variant-specific BEM cells and transport of antigen back to GC may support affinity maturation to antigenic drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laura Garcia-Ibanez
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Carolin Ulbricht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laurence S C Lok
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jeremy A Pike
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Thomas W Dennison
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Ferdinand
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cameron J M Burnett
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Juan C Yam-Puc
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Raul Maqueda Alfaro
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, The National Polytechnic Institute, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yousuke Takahama
- Thymus Biology Section, Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Izumi Ohigashi
- Division of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Geoffrey Brown
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies, The National Polytechnic Institute, Cinvestav-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | | | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
- Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja E Hauser
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), a Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- University of Cambridge Molecular Immunity Unit, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kai-Michael Toellner
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Artinger K, Novitzky-Basso I, Kirsch AH, Schabhuettl C, Hub E, Eller P, Rosenkranz A, Eller K, Rot A. MO238: Erythroid ACKR1 Expression has a Protective Effect on the Development of Experimental Glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac067.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The overwhelming majority of individuals of West African ancestry carry an ‘erythroid silent’ FyB(ES) SNP in the promoter region of ACKR1 that causes a selective loss of ACKR1 in erythroid cells but does not affect its expression in endothelial cells. The FyB(ES) polymorphism is of a special interest for understanding human kidney disease as individuals of West African ancestry have higher incidence of chronic kidney disease. Moreover, multiple chemokine ligands of ACKR1 are known to contribute to the inflammatory pathology in experimental nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTS), a murine model of immune complex glomerulonephritis.
METHOD
We developed two humanized transgenic mouse strains that are genetically deficient for mouse ACKR1 but instead carry either West African FyB(ES) or Caucasian FyB human polymorphic ACKR1 variants. These strains as well as ACKR1-deficient and WT mice were subjected to NTS. The parameters of immunopathogenesis and kidney disease were evaluated after 14 days after the induction of NTS.
RESULTS
Albuminuria, PAS and tubular injury scores were significantly increased in FyB(ES)tg and ACKR1-deficient mice as compared with their respective control strains. While monocytes were unchanged in peripheral blood, we found significantly increased numbers of macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating the kidneys of FyB(ES)tg and ACKR1-deficient mice. Interestingly, T cell numbers in the draining lymph nodes were comparable between FyB(ES)tg and ACKR1-deficient mice and their respective controls.
CONCLUSION
We found that NTS was more severe in ACKR1-deficient and FyB(ES) mice as compared with their respective controls. Our results show that ACKR1 expression in the erythroid compartment has a significant impact on the development of kidney disease. These findings have important implications for the pathomechanisms of glomerulonephritis in individuals of West African ancestry who lack ACKR1 selectively in the erythroid lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Artinger
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Igor Novitzky-Basso
- Hans Messner Allogeneic Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alexander H Kirsch
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Corinna Schabhuettl
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Philipp Eller
- Intensive Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Rosenkranz
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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6
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Friess MC, Kritikos I, Schineis P, Medina-Sanchez JD, Gkountidi AO, Vallone A, Sigmund EC, Schwitter C, Vranova M, Matti C, Arasa J, Saygili Demir C, Bovay E, Proulx ST, Tomura M, Rot A, Legler DF, Petrova TV, Halin C. Mechanosensitive ACKR4 scavenges CCR7 chemokines to facilitate T cell de-adhesion and passive transport by flow in inflamed afferent lymphatics. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110334. [PMID: 35108538 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell migration via afferent lymphatics to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) depends on expression of CCR7 in T cells and CCL21 in the lymphatic vasculature. Once T cells have entered lymphatic capillaries, they slowly migrate into contracting collecting vessels. Here, lymph flow picks up, inducing T cell detachment and rapid transport to the dLNs. We find that the atypical chemokine receptor 4 (ACKR4), which binds and internalizes CCL19 and CCL21, is induced by lymph flow in endothelial cells lining lymphatic collectors, enabling them to scavenge these chemokines. In the absence of ACKR4, migration of T cells to dLNs in TPA-induced inflammation is significantly reduced. While entry into capillaries is not impaired, T cells accumulate in the ACKR4-deficient dermal collecting vessel segments. Overall, our findings identify an ACKR4-mediated mechanism by which lymphatic collectors facilitate the detachment of lymph-borne T cells in inflammation and their transition from crawling to free-flow toward the dLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona C Friess
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Kritikos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Schineis
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Angela Vallone
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena C Sigmund
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Schwitter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Vranova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Matti
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Jorge Arasa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cansaran Saygili Demir
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Esther Bovay
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, London, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland; Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Faculty of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Gutjahr JC, Crawford KS, Jensen DR, Naik P, Peterson FC, Samson GPB, Legler DF, Duchene J, Veldkamp CT, Rot A, Volkman BF. The dimeric form of CXCL12 binds to atypical chemokine receptor 1. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/696/eabc9012. [PMID: 34404752 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc9012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The pleiotropic chemokine CXCL12 is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes, including embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, leukocyte migration, and tumor metastasis. It is known to engage the classical receptor CXCR4 and the atypical receptor ACKR3. Differential receptor engagement can transduce distinct cellular signals and effects as well as alter the amount of free, extracellular chemokine. CXCR4 binds both monomeric and the more commonly found dimeric forms of CXCL12, whereas ACKR3 binds monomeric forms. Here, we found that CXCL12 also bound to the atypical receptor ACKR1 (previously known as Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines or DARC). In vitro nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that dimeric CXCL12 bound to the extracellular N terminus of ACKR1 with low nanomolar affinity, whereas the binding affinity of monomeric CXCL12 was orders of magnitude lower. In transfected MDCK cells and primary human Duffy-positive erythrocytes, a dimeric, but not a monomeric, construct of CXCL12 efficiently bound to and internalized with ACKR1. This interaction between CXCL12 and ACKR1 provides another layer of regulation of the multiple biological functions of CXCL12. The findings also raise the possibility that ACKR1 can bind other dimeric chemokines, thus potentially further expanding the role of ACKR1 in chemokine retention and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Gutjahr
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kyler S Crawford
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Davin R Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Prachi Naik
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Francis C Peterson
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Guerric P B Samson
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg), University of Konstanz, 8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg), University of Konstanz, 8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.,Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. .,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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8
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Barkaway A, Rolas L, Joulia R, Bodkin J, Lenn T, Owen-Woods C, Reglero-Real N, Stein M, Vázquez-Martínez L, Girbl T, Poston RN, Golding M, Saleeb RS, Thiriot A, von Andrian UH, Duchene J, Voisin MB, Bishop CL, Voehringer D, Roers A, Rot A, Lämmermann T, Nourshargh S. Age-related changes in the local milieu of inflamed tissues cause aberrant neutrophil trafficking and subsequent remote organ damage. Immunity 2021; 54:1494-1510.e7. [PMID: 34033752 PMCID: PMC8284598 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with dysregulated immune functions. Here, we investigated the impact of age on neutrophil diapedesis. Using confocal intravital microscopy, we found that in aged mice, neutrophils adhered to vascular endothelium in inflamed tissues but exhibited a high frequency of reverse transendothelial migration (rTEM). This retrograde breaching of the endothelium by neutrophils was governed by enhanced production of the chemokine CXCL1 from mast cells that localized at endothelial cell (EC) junctions. Increased EC expression of the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1) supported this pro-inflammatory milieu in aged venules. Accumulation of CXCL1 caused desensitization of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 on neutrophils and loss of neutrophil directional motility within EC junctions. Fluorescent tracking revealed that in aged mice, neutrophils undergoing rTEM re-entered the circulation and disseminated to the lungs where they caused vascular leakage. Thus, neutrophils stemming from a local inflammatory site contribute to remote organ damage, with implication to the dysregulated systemic inflammation associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barkaway
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Loïc Rolas
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Régis Joulia
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jennifer Bodkin
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tchern Lenn
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Owen-Woods
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Natalia Reglero-Real
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Monja Stein
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Laura Vázquez-Martínez
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tamara Girbl
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Robin N Poston
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Matthew Golding
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rebecca S Saleeb
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Aude Thiriot
- Department of Immunology and HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, MA 02115, USA; The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Immunology and HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, MA 02115, USA; The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Cleo L Bishop
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tim Lämmermann
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sussan Nourshargh
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Werth K, Hub E, Gutjahr JC, Bosjnak B, Zheng X, Bubke A, Russo S, Rot A, Förster R. Expression of ACKR4 demarcates the "peri-marginal sinus," a specialized vascular compartment of the splenic red pulp. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109346. [PMID: 34260918 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen comprises defined microanatomical compartments that uniquely contribute to its diverse host defense functions. Here, we identify a vascular compartment within the red pulp of the spleen delineated by expression of the atypical chemokine receptor 4 (ACKR4) in endothelial cells. ACKR4-positive vessels form a three-dimensional sinusoidal network that connects via shunts to the marginal sinus and tightly surrounds the outer perimeter of the marginal zone. Endothelial cells lining this vascular compartment express ACKR4 as part of a distinct gene expression profile. We show that T cells enter the spleen largely through this peri-marginal sinus and initially localize extravascularly around these vessels. In the absence of ACKR4, homing of T cells into the spleen and subsequent migration into T cell areas is impaired, and organization of the marginal zone is severely affected. Our data delineate the splenic peri-marginal sinus as a compartment that supports spleen homing of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Werth
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| | - Julia Christine Gutjahr
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| | - Berislav Bosjnak
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Bubke
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Russo
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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10
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Crawford K, Gutjahr J, Rot A, Volkman B. Dimeric CXCL12 (SDF‐1) binds to atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1/DARC). FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antal Rot
- Queen Mary University of LondonLondon
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11
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Girbl T, Lenn T, Perez L, Rolas L, Barkaway A, Thiriot A, Del Fresno C, Lynam E, Hub E, Thelen M, Graham G, Alon R, Sancho D, von Andrian UH, Voisin MB, Rot A, Nourshargh S. Distinct Compartmentalization of the Chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2 and the Atypical Receptor ACKR1 Determine Discrete Stages of Neutrophil Diapedesis. Immunity 2018; 49:1062-1076.e6. [PMID: 30446388 PMCID: PMC6303217 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils require directional cues to navigate through the complex structure of venular walls and into inflamed tissues. Here we applied confocal intravital microscopy to analyze neutrophil emigration in cytokine-stimulated mouse cremaster muscles. We identified differential and non-redundant roles for the chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2, governed by their distinct cellular sources. CXCL1 was produced mainly by TNF-stimulated endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes and supported luminal and sub-EC neutrophil crawling. Conversely, neutrophils were the main producers of CXCL2, and this chemokine was critical for correct breaching of endothelial junctions. This pro-migratory activity of CXCL2 depended on the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1), which is enriched within endothelial junctions. Transmigrating neutrophils promoted a self-guided migration response through EC junctions, creating a junctional chemokine "depot" in the form of ACKR1-presented CXCL2 that enabled efficient unidirectional luminal-to-abluminal migration. Thus, CXCL1 and CXCL2 act in a sequential manner to guide neutrophils through venular walls as governed by their distinct cellular sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Girbl
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tchern Lenn
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lorena Perez
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Loïc Rolas
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anna Barkaway
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Aude Thiriot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology and HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlos Del Fresno
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Eleanor Lynam
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ronen Alon
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology and HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mathieu-Benoit Voisin
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Sussan Nourshargh
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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12
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Ameti R, Melgrati S, Radice E, Cameroni E, Hub E, Thelen S, Rot A, Thelen M. Characterization of a chimeric chemokine as a specific ligand for ACKR3. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:391-400. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ma1217-509r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafet Ameti
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Serena Melgrati
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
- University of York; York United Kingdom
| | - Egle Radice
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences; University of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Cameroni
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - Elin Hub
- The William Harvey Research Institute; Queen Mary University London; London United Kingdom
| | - Sylvia Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - Antal Rot
- The William Harvey Research Institute; Queen Mary University London; London United Kingdom
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention; Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU); Munich Germany
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine; Università della Svizzera italiana; Bellinzona Switzerland
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13
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Rot A, Massberg S, Khandoga AG, von Andrian UH. Chemokines and Hematopoietic Cell Trafficking. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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14
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Abdel-Wahab O, Abrahm JL, Adams S, Adewoye AH, Allen C, Ambinder RF, Anasetti C, Anastasi J, Anderson JA, Antin JH, Antony AC, Araten DJ, Armand P, Armstrong G, Armstrong SA, Arnold DM, Artz AS, Awan FT, Baglin TP, Benson DM, Benz EJ, Berliner N, Bhagat G, Bhardwaj N, Bhatia R, Bhatia S, Bhatt MD, Bhatt VR, Bitan M, Blinderman CD, Bollard CM, Braun BS, Brenner MK, Brittenham GM, Brodsky RA, Brown M, Broxmeyer HE, Brummel-Ziedins K, Brunner AM, Buadi FK, Burkhardt B, Burns M, Byrd JC, Caimi PF, Caligiuri MA, Canavan M, Cantor AB, Carcao M, Carroll MC, Carty SA, Castillo JJ, Chan AK, Chapin J, Chiu A, Chute JP, Clark DB, Coates TD, Cogle CR, Connell NT, Cooke E, Cooley S, Corradini P, Creager MA, Creger RJ, Cromwell C, Crowther MA, Cushing MM, Cutler C, Dang CV, Danial NN, Dave SS, DeCaprio JA, Dinauer MC, Dinner S, Diz-Küçükkaya R, Dodd RY, Donato ML, Dorshkind K, Dotti G, Dror Y, Dunleavy K, Dvorak CC, Ebert BL, Eck MJ, Eikelboom JW, Epperla N, Ershler WB, Evans WE, Faderl S, Ferrara JL, Filipovich AH, Fischer M, Fredenburgh JC, Friedman KD, Fuchs E, Fuller SJ, Gailani D, Galipeau J, Gallagher PG, Ganapathi KA, Gardner LB, Gee AP, Gerson SL, Gertz MA, Giardina PJ, Gibson CJ, Golan K, Golub TR, Gonzales MJ, Gotlib J, Gottschalk S, Grant MA, Graubert TA, Gregg XT, Gribben JG, Gross DM, Gruber TA, Guitart J, Gurbuxani S, Gur-Cohen S, Gutierrez A, Hamadani M, Hari PN, Hartwig JH, Hayman SR, Hayward CP, Hebbel RP, Heslop HE, Hillis C, Hillyer CD, Ho K, Hockenbery DM, Hoffman R, Hogg KE, Holtan SG, Horny HP, Hsu YMS, Hunter ZR, Huntington JA, Iancu-Rubin C, Iqbal A, Isenman DE, Israels SJ, Italiano JE, Jaffe ES, Jaffer IH, Jagannath S, Jäger U, Jain N, James P, Jeha S, Jordan MB, Josephson CD, Jung M, Kager L, Kambayashi T, Kanakry JA, Kantarjian HM, Kaplan J, Karafin MS, Karsan A, Kaufman RJ, Kaufman RM, Keller FG, Kelly KM, Kessler CM, Key NS, Keyzner A, Khandoga AG, Khanna-Gupta A, Khatib-Massalha E, Klein HG, Knoechel B, Kollet O, Konkle BA, Kontoyiannis DP, Koreth J, Koretzky GA, Kotecha D, Kremyanskaya M, Kumari A, Kuzel TM, Küppers R, Lacy MQ, Ladas E, Landier W, Lapid K, Lapidot T, Larson PJ, Levi M, Lewis RE, Liebman HA, Lillicrap D, Lim W, Lin JC, Lindblad R, Lip GY, Little JA, Lohr JG, López JA, Luscinskas FW, Maciejewski JP, Majhail NS, Manches O, Mandle RJ, Mann KG, Manno CS, Marcogliese AN, Mariani G, Marincola FM, Mascarenhas J, Massberg S, McEver RP, McGrath E, McKinney MS, Mehta RS, Mentzer WC, Merlini G, Merryman R, Michel M, Migliaccio AR, Miller JS, Mims MP, Mondoro TH, Moorehead P, Muniz LR, Munshi NC, Najfeld V, Nayak L, Nazy I, Neff AT, Ness PM, Notarangelo LD, O'Brien SH, O'Connor OA, O'Donnell M, Olson A, Orkin SH, Pai M, Pai SY, Paidas M, Panch SR, Pande RL, Papayannopoulou T, Parikh R, Petersdorf EW, Peterson SE, Pittaluga S, Ponce DM, Popolo L, Prchal JT, Pui CH, Puigserver P, Rak J, Ramos CA, Rand JH, Rand ML, Rao DS, Ravandi F, Rawlings DJ, Reddy P, Reding MT, Reiter A, Rice L, Riese MJ, Ritchey AK, Roberts DJ, Roman E, Rooney CM, Rosen ST, Rosenthal DS, Rossmann MP, Rot A, Rowley SD, Rubnitz JE, Rydz N, Salama ME, Sauk S, Saunthararajah Y, Savage W, Scadden D, Schaefer KG, Schiffman F, Schneidewend R, Schrier SL, Schuchman EH, Scullion BF, Selvaggi KJ, Senoo K, Shaheen M, Shaz BH, Shelburne SA, Shpall EJ, Shurin SB, Siegal D, Silberstein LE, Silberstein L, Silverstein RL, Sloan SR, Smith FO, Smith JW, Smith K, Steensma DP, Steinberg MH, Stock W, Storry JR, Stramer SL, Strauss RG, Stroncek DF, Taylor J, Thota S, Treon SP, Tulpule A, Valdes RF, Valent P, Vedantham S, Vercellotti GM, Verneris MR, Vichinsky EP, von Andrian UH, Vose JM, Wagner AJ, Wang E, Wang JH, Warkentin TE, Wasserstein MP, Webster A, Weisdorf DJ, Weitz JI, Westhoff CM, Wheeler AP, Widick P, Wiley JS, William BM, Williams DA, Wilson WH, Wolfe J, Wolgast LR, Wood D, Wu J, Yahalom J, Yee DL, Younes A, Young NS, Zeller MP. Contributors. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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15
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Colditz I, Schneider M, Pruenster M, Rot A. Chemokines at large: In-vivo mechanisms of their transport, presentation and clearance. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1160/th07-02-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryCompelling evidence implicates chemokines in the induction of leukocyte emigration from blood into tissues.This arguably most fundamental effect of chemokines is accomplished by triggering cognate classical G-protein-coupled chemokine receptors on the leukocyte surface. In vitro, these same receptors mediate leukocyte migration; however, the mechanisms of chemokine-induced migration differ between in-vivo and in-vitro settings. Leukocyte egress from blood is greatly influenced by haemodynamic conditions and requires full cooperation of endothelial cells.The behaviour of chemokines in their“native habitat” in vivo is controlled by their interaction with several accessory molecules which influence immobilisation, transport, clearance and degradation of chemokines and thereby determine the sites and duration of their action. Here we discuss peculiarities of the invivo actions of chemokines,the mechanisms of chemokine interaction with receptors and auxiliary molecules including interceptors, glycosaminoglycans and enzymes and illustrate how these interactions influence the outcome of chemokine activities in vivo.
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16
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Duchene J, Novitzky-Basso I, Thiriot A, Casanova-Acebes M, Bianchini M, Etheridge SL, Hub E, Nitz K, Artinger K, Eller K, Caamaño J, Rülicke T, Moss P, Megens RTA, von Andrian UH, Hidalgo A, Weber C, Rot A. Atypical chemokine receptor 1 on nucleated erythroid cells regulates hematopoiesis. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:753-761. [PMID: 28553950 PMCID: PMC5480598 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Healthy individuals of African ancestry have neutropenia that has been linked with the variant rs2814778(G) of the gene encoding atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1). This polymorphism selectively abolishes the expression of ACKR1 in erythroid cells, causing a Duffy-negative phenotype. Here we describe an unexpected fundamental role for ACKR1 in hematopoiesis and provide the mechanism that links its absence with neutropenia. Nucleated erythroid cells had high expression of ACKR1, which facilitated their direct contact with hematopoietic stem cells. The absence of erythroid ACKR1 altered mouse hematopoiesis including stem and progenitor cells, which ultimately gave rise to phenotypically distinct neutrophils that readily left the circulation, causing neutropenia. Individuals with a Duffy-negative phenotype developed a distinct profile of neutrophil effector molecules that closely reflected the one observed in the ACKR1-deficient mice. Thus, alternative physiological patterns of hematopoiesis and bone marrow cell outputs depend on the expression of ACKR1 in the erythroid lineage, findings with major implications for the selection advantages that have resulted in the paramount fixation of the ACKR1 rs2814778(G) polymorphism in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Novitzky-Basso
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow UK
| | - Aude Thiriot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology and Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Ragon Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maria Casanova-Acebes
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariaelvy Bianchini
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S. Leah Etheridge
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Elin Hub
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Katrin Nitz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Artinger
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kathrin Eller
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jorge Caamaño
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Remco T. A. Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich H. von Andrian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology and Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Ragon Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andres Hidalgo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Antal Rot
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
- Center for Advanced Studies, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Address from July 2017: William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London. London, UK
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17
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Thiriot A, Perdomo C, Cheng G, Novitzky-Basso I, McArdle S, Kishimoto JK, Barreiro O, Mazo I, Triboulet R, Ley K, Rot A, von Andrian UH. Differential DARC/ACKR1 expression distinguishes venular from non-venular endothelial cells in murine tissues. BMC Biol 2017; 15:45. [PMID: 28526034 PMCID: PMC5438556 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravascular leukocyte recruitment in most vertebrate tissues is restricted to postcapillary and collecting venules, whereas capillaries and arterioles usually support little or no leukocyte adhesion. This segmental restriction is thought to be mediated by endothelial, rather than hemodynamic, differences. The underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, in part because effective tools to distinguish, isolate, and analyze venular endothelial cells (V-ECs) and non-venular endothelial cells (NV-ECs) have been unavailable. We hypothesized that the atypical chemokine receptor DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines, a.k.a. ACKR1 or CD234) may distinguish V-ECs versus NV-ECs in mice. METHODS We generated a rat-anti-mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) that specifically recognizes the erythroid and endothelial forms of native, surface-expressed DARC. Using this reagent, we characterized DARC expression and distribution in the microvasculature of murine tissues. RESULTS DARC was exquisitely restricted to post-capillary and small collecting venules and completely absent from arteries, arterioles, capillaries, veins, and most lymphatics in every tissue analyzed. Accordingly, intravital microscopy showed that adhesive leukocyte-endothelial interactions were restricted to DARC+ venules. DARC was detectable over the entire circumference of V-ECs, but was more concentrated at cell-cell junctions. Analysis of single-cell suspensions suggested that the frequency of V-ECs among the total microvascular EC pool varies considerably between different tissues. CONCLUSIONS Immunostaining of endothelial DARC allows the identification and isolation of intact V-ECs from multiple murine tissues. This strategy may be useful to dissect the mechanisms underlying segmental microvascular specialization in healthy and diseased tissues and to characterize the role of EC subsets in tissue-homeostasis, immune surveillance, infection, inflammation, and malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Thiriot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Carolina Perdomo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Guiying Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Igor Novitzky-Basso
- Center for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, YO10 5DD, Heslington, York, UK
- Present address: Blood and Marrow Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sara McArdle
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jamie K Kishimoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Irina Mazo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antal Rot
- Center for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, YO10 5DD, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology & HMS Center for Immune Imaging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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18
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Patten DA, Wilson GK, Bailey D, Shaw RK, Jalkanen S, Salmi M, Rot A, Weston CJ, Adams DH, Shetty S. Human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells promote intracellular crawling of lymphocytes during recruitment: A new step in migration. Hepatology 2017; 65:294-309. [PMID: 27770554 PMCID: PMC5321563 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The recruitment of lymphocytes via the hepatic sinusoidal channels and positioning within liver tissue is a critical event in the development and persistence of chronic inflammatory liver diseases. The hepatic sinusoid is a unique vascular bed lined by hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSECs), a functionally and phenotypically distinct subpopulation of endothelial cells. Using flow-based adhesion assays to study the migration of lymphocytes across primary human HSECs, we found that lymphocytes enter into HSECs, confirmed by electron microscopy demonstrating clear intracellular localization of lymphocytes in vitro and by studies in human liver tissues. Stimulation by interferon-γ increased intracellular localization of lymphocytes within HSECs. Furthermore, using confocal imaging and time-lapse recordings, we demonstrated "intracellular crawling" of lymphocytes entering into one endothelial cell from another. This required the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and stabilin-1 and was facilitated by the junctional complexes between HSECs. CONCLUSION Lymphocyte migration is facilitated by the unique structure of HSECs. Intracellular crawling may contribute to optimal lymphocyte positioning in liver tissue during chronic hepatitis. (Hepatology 2017;65:294-309).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Patten
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Medical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Garrick K. Wilson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Dalan Bailey
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert K. Shaw
- Technology Hub Imaging Facility, Infrastructure and Facilities, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity Research Laboratory, and Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Antal Rot
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUnited Kingdom
| | - Chris J. Weston
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Medical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - David H. Adams
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Medical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Shishir Shetty
- National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit and Centre for Liver Research, Medical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
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19
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Cordeiro OG, Chypre M, Brouard N, Rauber S, Alloush F, Romera-Hernandez M, Bénézech C, Li Z, Eckly A, Coles MC, Rot A, Yagita H, Léon C, Ludewig B, Cupedo T, Lanza F, Mueller CG. Integrin-Alpha IIb Identifies Murine Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Responsive to RANKL. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151848. [PMID: 27010197 PMCID: PMC4806919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Microenvironment and activation signals likely imprint heterogeneity in the lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) population. Particularly LECs of secondary lymphoid organs are exposed to different cell types and immune stimuli. However, our understanding of the nature of LEC activation signals and their cell source within the secondary lymphoid organ in the steady state remains incomplete. Here we show that integrin alpha 2b (ITGA2b), known to be carried by platelets, megakaryocytes and hematopoietic progenitors, is expressed by a lymph node subset of LECs, residing in medullary, cortical and subcapsular sinuses. In the subcapsular sinus, the floor but not the ceiling layer expresses the integrin, being excluded from ACKR4+ LECs but overlapping with MAdCAM-1 expression. ITGA2b expression increases in response to immunization, raising the possibility that heterogeneous ITGA2b levels reflect variation in exposure to activation signals. We show that alterations of the level of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), by overexpression, neutralization or deletion from stromal marginal reticular cells, affected the proportion of ITGA2b+ LECs. Lymph node LECs but not peripheral LECs express RANK. In addition, we found that lymphotoxin-β receptor signaling likewise regulated the proportion of ITGA2b+ LECs. These findings demonstrate that stromal reticular cells activate LECs via RANKL and support the action of hematopoietic cell-derived lymphotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G. Cordeiro
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/ MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mélanie Chypre
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/ MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Prestwick Chemical, Blvd Gonthier d'Andernach, Parc d’innovation, 67400, Illkirch, France
| | - Nathalie Brouard
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Simon Rauber
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/ MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Farouk Alloush
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/ MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Cécile Bénézech
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi Li
- Center for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Eckly
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mark C. Coles
- Center for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Antal Rot
- Center for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113–8421, Japan
| | - Catherine Léon
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonspital St. Gallen, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tom Cupedo
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - François Lanza
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christopher G. Mueller
- CNRS UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry/ MEDALIS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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20
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Alampour-Rajabi S, El Bounkari O, Rot A, Müller-Newen G, Bachelerie F, Gawaz M, Weber C, Schober A, Bernhagen J. MIF interacts with CXCR7 to promote receptor internalization, ERK1/2 and ZAP-70 signaling, and lymphocyte chemotaxis. FASEB J 2015; 29:4497-511. [PMID: 26139098 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-273904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine with chemokine-like functions and is a mediator in numerous inflammatory conditions. Depending on the context, MIF signals through 1 or more of its receptors cluster of differentiation (CD)74, CXC-motif chemokine receptor (CXCR)2, and CXCR4. In addition, heteromeric receptor complexes have been identified. We characterized the atypical chemokine receptor CXCR7 as a novel receptor for MIF. MIF promoted human CXCR7 internalization up to 40%, peaking at 50-400 nM and 30 min, but CXCR7 internalization by MIF was not dependent on CXCR4. Yet, by coimmunoprecipitation, fluorescence microscopy, and a proximity ligation assay, CXCR7 was found to engage in MIF receptor complexes with CXCR4 and CD74, both after ectopic overexpression and in endogenous conditions in a human B-cell line. Receptor competition binding and coimmunoprecipitation studies combined with sulfo-SBED-biotin-transfer provided evidence for a direct interaction between MIF and CXCR7. Finally, we demonstrated MIF/CXCR7-mediated functional responses. Blockade of CXCR7 suppressed MIF-mediated ERK- and zeta-chain-associated protein kinase (ZAP)-70 activation (from 2.1- to 1.2-fold and from 2.5- to 1.6-fold, respectively) and fully abrogated primary murine B-cell chemotaxis triggered by MIF, but not by CXCL12. B cells from Cxcr7(-/-) mice exhibited an ablated transmigration response to MIF, indicating that CXCR7 is essential for MIF-promoted B-cell migration. Our findings provide biochemical and functional evidence that MIF is an alternative ligand of CXCR7 and suggest a functional role of the MIF-CXCR7 axis in B-lymphocyte migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Alampour-Rajabi
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Antal Rot
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Müller-Newen
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- *Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung (IZKF), Rhine-Westphalia Technical University of Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany; Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom; INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France; Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum der Universität München, and August-Lenz-Stiftung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; **Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Deutches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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21
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Bachelerie F, Graham GJ, Locati M, Mantovani A, Murphy PM, Nibbs R, Rot A, Sozzani S, Thelen M. An atypical addition to the chemokine receptor nomenclature: IUPHAR Review 15. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3945-9. [PMID: 25958743 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors are essential regulators of in vivo leukocyte migration and, some years ago, a systematic nomenclature system was developed for the chemokine receptor family. Chemokine receptor biology and biochemistry was recently extensively reviewed. In this review, we also highlighted a new component to the nomenclature system that incorporates receptors previously known as 'scavenging', or 'decoy', chemokine receptors on the basis of their lack of classical signalling responses to ligand binding and their general ability to scavenge, or sequester, their cognate chemokine ligands. These molecules are now collectively referred to as 'atypical chemokine receptors', or ACKRs, and play fundamental roles in regulating in vivo responses to chemokines. This commentary highlights this new addition to the chemokine receptor nomenclature system and provides brief information on the four receptors currently covered by this nomenclature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bachelerie
- INSERM UMR-S996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Locati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Philip M Murphy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antal Rot
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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22
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Lucas B, White AJ, Ulvmar MH, Nibbs RJB, Sitnik KM, Agace WW, Jenkinson WE, Anderson G, Rot A. CCRL1/ACKR4 is expressed in key thymic microenvironments but is dispensable for T lymphopoiesis at steady state in adult mice. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:574-83. [PMID: 25521433 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thymus colonisation and thymocyte positioning are regulated by interactions between CCR7 and CCR9, and their respective ligands, CCL19/CCL21 and CCL25. The ligands of CCR7 and CCR9 also interact with the atypical receptor CCRL1 (also known as ACKR4), which is expressed in the thymus and has recently been reported to play an important role in normal αβT-cell development. Here, we show that CCRL1 is expressed within the thymic cortex, predominantly by MHC-II(low) CD40(-) cortical thymic epithelial cells and at the subcapsular zone by a population of podoplanin(+) thymic epithelial cells in mice. Interestingly, CCRL1 is also expressed by stromal cells which surround the pericytes of vessels at the corticomedullary junction, the site for progenitor cell entry and mature thymocyte egress from the thymus. We show that CCRL1 suppresses thymocyte progenitor entry into the thymus, however, the thymus size and cellularity are the same in adult WT and CCRL1(-/-) mice. Moreover, CCRL1(-/-) mice have no major perturbations in T-cell populations at different stages of thymic differentiation and development, and have a similar rate of thymocyte migration into the blood. Collectively, our findings argue against a major role for CCRL1 in normal thymus development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Lucas
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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23
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Ward ST, Li KK, Hepburn E, Weston CJ, Curbishley SM, Reynolds GM, Hejmadi RK, Bicknell R, Eksteen B, Ismail T, Rot A, Adams DH. The effects of CCR5 inhibition on regulatory T-cell recruitment to colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:319-28. [PMID: 25405854 PMCID: PMC4301825 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in human colorectal cancer (CRC) where they suppress anti-tumour immunity. The chemokine receptor CCR5 has been implicated in the recruitment of Treg from blood into CRC and tumour growth is delayed in CCR5-/- mice, associated with reduced tumour Treg infiltration. METHODS Tissue and blood samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection of CRC. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were phenotyped for chemokine receptors using flow cytometry. The presence of tissue chemokines was assessed. Standard chemotaxis and suppression assays were performed and the effects of CCR5 blockade were tested in murine tumour models. RESULTS Functional CCR5 was highly expressed by human CRC infiltrating Treg and CCR5(high) Treg were more suppressive than their CCR5(low) Treg counterparts. Human CRC-Treg were more proliferative and activated than other T cells suggesting that local proliferation could provide an alternative explanation for the observed tumour Treg enrichment. Pharmacological inhibition of CCR5 failed to reduce tumour Treg infiltration in murine tumour models although it did result in delayed tumour growth. CONCLUSIONS CCR5 inhibition does not mediate anti-tumour effects as a consequence of inhibiting Treg recruitment. Other mechanisms must be found to explain this effect. This has important implications for anti-CCR5 therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ward
- Centre for Liver Research & NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Unit, Level 5 Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - K K Li
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Hepburn
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - C J Weston
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - S M Curbishley
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - G M Reynolds
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - R K Hejmadi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2WW, UK
| | - R Bicknell
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - B Eksteen
- Snyder Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - T Ismail
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2WW, UK
| | - A Rot
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - D H Adams
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Ulvmar MH, Werth K, Braun A, Kelay P, Hub E, Eller K, Chan L, Lucas B, Novitzky-Basso I, Nakamura K, Rülicke T, Nibbs RJB, Worbs T, Förster R, Rot A. The atypical chemokine receptor CCRL1 shapes functional CCL21 gradients in lymph nodes. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:623-30. [PMID: 24813163 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Afferent lymph-borne dendritic cells essentially rely on the chemokine receptor CCR7 for their transition from the subcapsular lymph node sinus into the parenchyma, a migratory step driven by putative gradients of CCR7 ligands. We found that lymph node fringes indeed contained physiological gradients of the chemokine CCL21, which depended on the expression of CCRL1, the atypical receptor for the CCR7 ligands CCL19 and CCL21. Lymphatic endothelial cells lining the ceiling of the subcapsular sinus, but not those lining the floor, expressed CCRL1, which scavenged chemokines from the sinus lumen. This created chemokine gradients across the sinus floor and enabled the emigration of dendritic cells. In vitro live imaging revealed that spatially confined expression of CCRL1 was necessary and sufficient for the creation of functional chemokine gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria H Ulvmar
- 1] MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. [2] [3]
| | - Kathrin Werth
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. [2]
| | - Asolina Braun
- 1] Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. [2]
| | - Poonam Kelay
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elin Hub
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kathrin Eller
- 1] MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. [2] Division of Nephrology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Li Chan
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Beth Lucas
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Igor Novitzky-Basso
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kyoko Nakamura
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert J B Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tim Worbs
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antal Rot
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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25
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Minten C, Alt C, Gentner M, Frei E, Deutsch U, Lyck R, Schaeren-Wiemers N, Rot A, Engelhardt B. DARC shuttles inflammatory chemokines across the blood-brain barrier during autoimmune central nervous system inflammation. Brain 2014; 137:1454-69. [PMID: 24625696 PMCID: PMC3999718 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines, DARC, belongs to the family of atypical heptahelical chemokine receptors that do not couple to G proteins and therefore fail to transmit conventional intracellular signals. Here we show that during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis, the expression of DARC is upregulated at the blood-brain barrier. These findings are corroborated by the presence of a significantly increased number of subcortical white matter microvessels staining positive for DARC in human multiple sclerosis brains as compared to control tissue. Using an in vitro blood-brain barrier model we demonstrated that endothelial DARC mediates the abluminal to luminal transport of inflammatory chemokines across the blood-brain barrier. An involvement of DARC in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis was confirmed by the observed ameliorated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Darc(-/-) C57BL/6 and SJL mice, as compared to wild-type control littermates. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis studies in bone marrow chimeric Darc(-/-) and wild-type mice revealed that increased plasma levels of inflammatory chemokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis depended on the presence of erythrocyte DARC. However, fully developed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis required the expression of endothelial DARC. Taken together, our data show a role for erythrocyte DARC as a chemokine reservoir and that endothelial DARC contributes to the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by shuttling chemokines across the blood-brain barrier.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Blood-Brain Barrier/physiopathology
- Capillary Permeability/genetics
- Central Nervous System/immunology
- Central Nervous System/metabolism
- Central Nervous System/pathology
- Cerebellum/metabolism
- Chemokines/genetics
- Chemokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Duffy Blood-Group System/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/blood
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Multiple Sclerosis/pathology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Minten
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Alt
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Gentner
- 2 Neurobiology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Frei
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urban Deutsch
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ruth Lyck
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Schaeren-Wiemers
- 2 Neurobiology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antal Rot
- 3 MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- 1 Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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26
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Bachelerie F, Graham GJ, Locati M, Mantovani A, Murphy PM, Nibbs R, Rot A, Sozzani S, Thelen M. New nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:207-8. [PMID: 24549061 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Bachelerie
- INSERM UMR-S996, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Université Paris-Sud, Clamart, France
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Locati
- 1] University of Milan, Milan, Italy. [2] Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- 1] University of Milan, Milan, Italy. [2] Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Philip M Murphy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antal Rot
- Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Infection and Immunity, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- 1] Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy. [2] Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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27
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Baldwin HM, Pallas K, King V, Jamieson T, McKimmie CS, Nibbs RJB, Carballido JM, Jaritz M, Rot A, Graham GJ. Microarray analyses demonstrate the involvement of type I interferons in psoriasiform pathology development in D6-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:36473-83. [PMID: 24194523 PMCID: PMC3868760 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is normally limited by mechanisms regulating its resolution. In the absence of resolution, inflammatory pathologies can emerge, resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality. We have been studying the D6 chemokine scavenging receptor, which played an indispensable role in the resolution phase of inflammatory responses and does so by facilitating removal of inflammatory CC chemokines. In D6-deficient mice, otherwise innocuous cutaneous inflammatory stimuli induce a grossly exaggerated inflammatory response that bears many similarities to human psoriasis. In the present study, we have used transcriptomic approaches to define the molecular make up of this response. The data presented highlight potential roles for a number of cytokines in initiating and maintaining the psoriasis-like pathology. Most compellingly, we provide data indicating a key role for the type I interferon pathway in the emergence of this pathology. Neutralizing antibodies to type I interferons are able to ameliorate the psoriasis-like pathology, confirming a role in its development. Comparison of transcriptional data generated from this mouse model with equivalent data obtained from human psoriasis further demonstrates the strong similarities between the experimental and clinical systems. As such, the transcriptional data obtained in this preclinical model provide insights into the cytokine network active in exaggerated inflammatory responses and offer an excellent tool to evaluate the efficacy of compounds designed to therapeutically interfere with inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Baldwin
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Pallas
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky King
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Jamieson
- the Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | - Clive S. McKimmie
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. B. Nibbs
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - José M. Carballido
- the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Brunner Str. 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria
- the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4056 Basel, Switzerland, and
| | - Marcus Jaritz
- the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Brunner Str. 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria
| | - Antal Rot
- the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Brunner Str. 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria
- the University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard J. Graham
- From the Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, Scotland, United Kingdom
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28
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Bachelerie F, Ben-Baruch A, Burkhardt AM, Combadiere C, Farber JM, Graham GJ, Horuk R, Sparre-Ulrich AH, Locati M, Luster AD, Mantovani A, Matsushima K, Murphy PM, Nibbs R, Nomiyama H, Power CA, Proudfoot AEI, Rosenkilde MM, Rot A, Sozzani S, Thelen M, Yoshie O, Zlotnik A. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. [corrected]. LXXXIX. Update on the extended family of chemokine receptors and introducing a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 66:1-79. [PMID: 24218476 DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 636] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. This was announced in Pharmacological Reviews in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hébert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, and Power CA (2000) Pharmacol Rev 52:145-176]. Since then, several new receptors have been discovered, and major advances have been made for the others in many areas, including structural biology, signal transduction mechanisms, biology, and pharmacology. New and diverse roles have been identified in infection, immunity, inflammation, development, cancer, and other areas. The first two drugs acting at chemokine receptors have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), maraviroc targeting CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, and plerixafor targeting CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization for transplantation in cancer, and other candidates are now undergoing pivotal clinical trials for diverse disease indications. In addition, a subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors has emerged that may signal through arrestins instead of G proteins to act as chemokine scavengers, and many microbial and invertebrate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and soluble chemokine-binding proteins have been described. Here, we review this extended family of chemokine receptors and chemokine-binding proteins at the basic, translational, and clinical levels, including an update on drug development. We also introduce a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors with the stem ACKR (atypical chemokine receptor) approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology and the Human Genome Nomenclature Committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Bachelerie
- Chair, Subcommittee on Chemokine Receptors, Nomenclature Committee-International Union of Pharmacology, Bldg. 10, Room 11N113, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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29
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Rot A, McKimmie C, Burt CL, Pallas KJ, Jamieson T, Pruenster M, Horuk R, Nibbs RJB, Graham GJ. Cell-autonomous regulation of neutrophil migration by the D6 chemokine decoy receptor. J Immunol 2013; 190:6450-6456. [PMID: 23670187 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines, acting on their cognate receptors on infiltrating leukocytes, drive the inflammatory response. We have been interested in determining roles and potential mechanisms for the atypical chemokine-scavenging receptor D6 in the regulation of inflammation. In this study, we show that a psoriasis-like pathology that arises in inflamed skins of D6-deficient mice is characterized by a massive and aberrant localization of neutrophils to the dermal/epidermal junction, which is associated with development of the pathology. Such misplacement of neutrophils is also seen with D6-deficient mice in other inflammatory models, suggesting a role for D6 in the spatial positioning of neutrophils within inflamed sites. We further show that D6 functions cell autonomously in this context and that D6, expressed by neutrophils, limits their migrational responses to CCR1 ligands such as CCL3. Our data therefore indicate that D6 is able to play a cell-autonomous role as a migratory rheostat restricting migration of D6-expressing cells such as neutrophils toward ligands for coexpressed inflammatory chemokine receptors. These data have important implications for our understanding of the roles for D6 in regulating inflammation and for our understanding of the control of spatial positioning of leukocytes at inflamed sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antal Rot
- NIBR, Brunnerstrasse 59, Vienna A1235, Austria.,MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Clive McKimmie
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Claire L Burt
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kenneth J Pallas
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Thomas Jamieson
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | | | - Richard Horuk
- Berlex Biosciences 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA
| | - Robert J B Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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30
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Whittall C, Kehoe O, King S, Rot A, Patterson A, Middleton J. A chemokine self-presentation mechanism involving formation of endothelial surface microstructures. J Immunol 2013; 190:1725-36. [PMID: 23325889 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial surface microstructures have been described previously under inflammatory conditions; however, they remain ill-characterized. In this study, CXCL8, an inflammatory chemokine, was shown to induce the formation of filopodia-like protrusions on endothelial cells; the same effects were observed with CXCL10 and CCL5. Chemokines stimulated filopodia formation by both microvascular (from bone marrow and skin) and macrovascular (from human umbilical vein) endothelial cells. Use of blocking Abs and degradative enzymes demonstrated that CXCL8-stimulated filopodia formation was mediated by CXCR1 and CXCR2, Duffy Ag/receptor for chemokines, heparan sulfate (HS), and syndecans. HS was present on filopodial protrusions appearing as a meshwork on the cell surface, which colocalized with CXCL8, and this glycosaminoglycan was 2,6-O- and 3-O-sulfated. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that CXCL8-stimulated filopodial and microvilli-like protrusions that interacted with leukocytes before transendothelial migration and removal of HS reduced this migration. iTRAQ mass spectrometry showed that changes in the levels of cytoskeletal, signaling, and extracellular matrix proteins were associated with CXCL8-stimulated filopodia/microvilli formation; these included tropomyosin, fascin, and Rab7. This study suggests that chemokines stimulate endothelial filopodia and microvilli formation, leading to their presentation to leukocytes and leukocyte transendothelial migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Whittall
- Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Medical School, Keele University, Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire SY10 7AG, United Kingdom
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31
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Ward ST, Hepburn EA, Li KK, Curbishley SM, Hejmadi RK, Ismail T, Bicknell R, Rot A, Adams DH. Abstract A73: The selective recruitment and retainment of regulatory T cells in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.tumimm2012-a73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the United States and United Kingdom and deadly in one third of patients. Tumor lymphocytic infiltration is associated with improved survival and analysis of some lymphocyte subsets has revealed that their prognostic ability rivals the TNM tumor staging system.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to be enriched in CRC and it is postulated that they promote immunological tumor escape by suppression of effector T cell responses. Little is known however about the signals controlling entry of Tregs into CRC.
Methods: Matched CRC, distal colonic tissue, draining lymph node and blood were obtained from patients undergoing resection of CRC having given informed consent. The study was approved by the Local Research and Ethics Committee. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were isolated from fresh tissue and phenotyped for chemokine receptors and various other markers using multicolor flow cytometry.
The presence of tissue chemokines was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting. CD3+ cells were isolated from tumor tissue and placed in a transwell system to measure chemotaxis in response to various chemokines. Migrated and non-migrated T cells were phenotyped to establish differential migration of T cell subsets. CD4+CD127lowCD25+ T cells were isolated by fluorescent-activated cell sorting from tumor tissue and incubated with fluorescent-labeled responder cells in standard suppression assays.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes were co-cultured with tumor supernatant and effects on lymphocyte phenotype and proliferation were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results: The proportion of T cells with a suppressive phenotype (Treg, CD4+CD127lowCD25+) was significantly increased in CRC compared to matched distal colon. More than 95% of this cell population expressed the transcription factor, foxp3.
The chemokine receptor CCR5 was found to be markedly upregulated on Treg compared to other effector T cells and in CRC compared to distal colon. CCR4 and to a lesser extent, CCR6, were also upregulated on Treg compared to other T cells. The ligands for CCR5 (CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5) were overexpressed in CRC tissue compared to matched colon. CCL4 was found to localize to the tumor endothelium. The ligands for other chemokine receptors were not overexpressed in the tumor tissue compared to the colon and were therefore not investigated further.
Tumor-resident Treg migrated in response to CCR5 ligands and blockade of CCR5 inhibited this migration. Co-culture experiments demonstrated that CCR5 was upregulated on peripheral blood lymphocytes, and especially Treg, in mixed lymphocyte reactions. This effect that could be augmented by the addition of tumor supernatant.
Conclusion: Conditions exist to actively recruit CCR5+ Treg into colorectal cancer tissue in humans. CCR5 upregulation is also promoted by the tumor microenvironment that may provide a tumor-retention signal. CCR5 inhibition may prove to be a novel immunotherapy for colorectal cancer by blocking the selective recruitment and/or egress of suppressive Treg, thereby promoting an anti-tumor immune response.
Citation Format: Stephen T. Ward, Elizabeth A. Hepburn, Ka-kit Li, Stuart M. Curbishley, Rahul K. Hejmadi, Tariq Ismail, Roy Bicknell, Antal Rot, David H. Adams. The selective recruitment and retainment of regulatory T cells in human colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A73.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ka-kit Li
- 1University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,
| | | | | | - Tariq Ismail
- 2University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Roy Bicknell
- 1University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,
| | - Antal Rot
- 1University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom,
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Rot A, Gindin G, Ment D, Mishoutchenko A, Glazer I, Samish M. On-host control of the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille (Acari: Ixodidae) by Metarhizium brunneum (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae). Vet Parasitol 2012; 193:229-37. [PMID: 23267821 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ticks are obligatory blood-sucking arthropods. Their life cycle includes a relatively short period of feeding on a vertebrate host and a long off-host period spent in the upper layer of the soil. Entomopathogenic fungi are known to be highly effective tick pathogens and the on-host application of these fungi may be a promising economic approach for tick control. In this study, we evaluated the tick control provided by spraying Metarhizium brunneum onto the tick's vertebrate host, specifically gerbils (Meriones tristrami) and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The efficacy of the fungal treatment was not limited to a direct effect on the mortality of feeding ticks, but continued during molting (off host) and, in the case of female ticks, the treatment reduced the production of eggs and their hatching rate. The direct control of the on-host stages was relatively low (from 19 to 38%); whereas the effects of the applied fungus on subsequent tick development reduced the yield of the following engorged stages up to 30-63%. Engorged females that dropped from rabbits sprayed with M. brunneum laid 21.5% fewer eggs than the control females. Moreover, these ticks transmitted conidia by contact to the eggs which they laid, resulting a 3-fold reduction in the rate of hatching relative to the control. Based on theoretical cumulative calculations, these results suggest that if the progeny of each unfed stage feed on fungus-sprayed hosts, there will be a 92% reduction in the tick population within one generation. Two spray formulations, one based on mineral oil and another based on a starch-sucrose mixture, significantly enhanced on-host tick control, in comparison with an unformulated conidial suspension. The reduction in the number of nymphs that fed on the treated host and later developed into unfed adults was 54.9% for unformulated conidia, 70.4% for the oil formulation and 86.4% for the starch-sucrose formulation. Increasing the environmental humidity around the gerbils while the ticks fed on them to 90% RH significantly improved the control of the on-host developmental stages, reducing the number of engorged ticks that dropped from fungus-sprayed gerbils 3-fold in comparison with the same animals kept at 30-60% RH. There was no difference between the efficacy of the observed tick control at an ambient temperature of 21°C and that observed at 28°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rot
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O.B. 12, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
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33
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Graham GJ, Locati M, Mantovani A, Rot A, Thelen M. The biochemistry and biology of the atypical chemokine receptors. Immunol Lett 2012; 145:30-8. [PMID: 22698181 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A subset of chemokine receptors, initially called "silent" on the basis of their apparent failure to activate conventional signalling events, has recently attracted growing interest due to their ability to internalize, degrade, or transport ligands and thus modify gradients and create functional chemokine patterns in tissues. These receptors recognize distinct and complementary sets of ligands with high affinity, are strategically expressed in different cellular contexts, and lack structural determinants supporting Gα(i) activation, a key signalling event in cell migration. This is in keeping with the hypothesis that they have evolved to fulfil fundamentally different functions to the classical signalling chemokine receptors. Based on these considerations, these receptors (D6, Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), CCX-CKR1 and CXCR7) are now collectively considered as an emerging class of 'atypical' chemokine receptors. In this article, we review the biochemistry and biology of this emerging chemokine receptor subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
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Singh MD, King V, Baldwin H, Burden D, Thorrat A, Holmes S, McInnes IB, Nicoll R, Shams K, Pallas K, Jamieson T, Lee KM, Carballido JM, Rot A, Graham GJ. Elevated expression of the chemokine-scavenging receptor D6 is associated with impaired lesion development in psoriasis. Am J Pathol 2012; 181:1158-64. [PMID: 22867710 PMCID: PMC3532592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
D6 is a scavenging-receptor for inflammatory CC chemokines that are essential for resolution of inflammatory responses in mice. Here, we demonstrate that D6 plays a central role in controlling cutaneous inflammation, and that D6 deficiency is associated with development of a psoriasis-like pathology in response to varied inflammatory stimuli in mice. Examination of D6 expression in human psoriatic skin revealed markedly elevated expression in both the epidermis and lymphatic endothelium in "uninvolved" psoriatic skin (ie, skin that was more than 8 cm distant from psoriatic plaques). Notably, this increased D6 expression is associated with elevated inflammatory chemokine expression, but an absence of plaque development, in uninvolved skin. Along with our previous observations of the ability of epidermally expressed transgenic D6 to impair cutaneous inflammatory responses, our data support a role for elevated D6 levels in suppressing inflammatory chemokine action and lesion development in uninvolved psoriatic skin. D6 expression consistently dropped in perilesional and lesional skin, coincident with development of psoriatic plaques. D6 expression in uninvolved skin also was reduced after trauma, indicative of a role for trauma-mediated reduction in D6 expression in triggering lesion development. Importantly, D6 is also elevated in peripheral blood leukocytes in psoriatic patients, indicating that upregulation may be a general protective response to inflammation. Together our data demonstrate a novel role for D6 as a regulator of the transition from uninvolved to lesional skin in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Singh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky King
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Baldwin
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Susan Holmes
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Iain B. McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ruairidh Nicoll
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kave Shams
- Western Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Pallas
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Jamieson
- The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kit Ming Lee
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M. Carballido
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Autoimmunity, Transplantation & Inflammation, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antal Rot
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Vienna, Austria
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard J. Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Novitzky-Basso I, Rot A. Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines and its involvement in patterning and control of inflammatory chemokines. Front Immunol 2012; 3:266. [PMID: 22912641 PMCID: PMC3421148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte functions are linked to their migratory responses, which, in turn, are largely determined by the expression profile of classical chemokine receptors. Upon binding their cognate chemokines, these G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate signaling cascades and downstream molecular and cellular responses, including integrin activation and cell locomotion. Chemokines also bind to an alternative subset of chemokine receptors, which have serpentine structure characteristic for GPCRs but lack DRYLAIV consensus motive required for coupling to G-proteins. Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) is a member of this atypical receptor subfamily. DARC binds a broad range of inflammatory CXC and CC chemokines and is expressed by erythrocytes, venular endothelial cells, and cerebellar neurons. Erythrocyte DARC serves as blood reservoir of cognate chemokines but also as a chemokine sink, buffering potential surges in plasma chemokine levels. Endothelial cell DARC internalizes chemokines on the basolateral cell surface resulting in subsequent transcytosis of chemokines and their immobilization on the tips of apical microvilli. These DARC-mediated endothelial cell interactions allow chemokines produced in the extravascular tissues to optimally function as arrest chemokines on the luminal endothelial cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antal Rot
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Infection and Immunity, University of BirminghamBirmingham, UK
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Sallmann E, Reininger B, Brandt S, Duschek N, Hoflehner E, Garner-Spitzer E, Platzer B, Dehlink E, Hammer M, Holcmann M, Oettgen HC, Wiedermann U, Sibilia M, Fiebiger E, Rot A, Maurer D. High-affinity IgE receptors on dendritic cells exacerbate Th2-dependent inflammation. J Immunol 2011; 187:164-71. [PMID: 21622859 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The IgE-mediated and Th2-dependent late-phase reaction remains a mechanistically enigmatic and daunting element of human allergic inflammation. In this study, we uncover the FcεRI on dendritic cells (DCs) as a key in vivo component of this form of allergy. Because rodent, unlike human, DCs lack FcεRI, this mechanism could be revealed only by using a new transgenic mouse model with human-like FcεRI expression on DCs. In the presence of IgE and allergen, FcεRI(+) DCs instructed naive T cells to differentiate into Th2 cells in vitro and boosted allergen-specific Th2 responses and Th2-dependent eosinophilia at the site of allergen exposure in vivo. Thus, FcεRI on DCs drives the cascade of pathogenic reactions linking the initial allergen capture by IgE with subsequent Th2-dominated T cell responses and the development of late-phase allergic tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sallmann
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACRs) are cell surface receptors with seven transmembrane domains structurally homologous to chemokine G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, upon ligation by cognate chemokines, ACRs fail to induce classical signaling and downstream cellular responses characteristic for GPCRs. Despite this, by affecting chemokine availability and function, ACRs impact on a multitude of pathophysiological events and have emerged as important molecular players in health and disease. This review discusses individual characteristics of the currently known ACRs, highlights their similarities and differences and attempts to establish their group identity. It summarizes the progress made in mapping ACR expression, understanding their diverse in vitro and in vivo functions of ACRs and uncovering their contributions to disease pathogeneses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helena Ulvmar
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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38
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Madigan J, Freeman DJ, Menzies F, Forrow S, Nelson SM, Young A, Sharkey A, Moffett A, Graham GJ, Greer IA, Rot A, Nibbs RJB. Chemokine scavenger D6 is expressed by trophoblasts and aids the survival of mouse embryos transferred into allogeneic recipients. J Immunol 2010; 184:3202-12. [PMID: 20147628 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Proinflammatory CC chemokines are thought to drive recruitment of maternal leukocytes into gestational tissues and regulate extravillous trophoblast migration. The atypical chemokine receptor D6 binds many of these chemokines and is highly expressed by the human placenta. D6 is thought to act as a chemokine scavenger because, when ectopically expressed in cell lines in vitro, it efficiently internalizes proinflammatory CC chemokines and targets them for destruction in the absence of detectable chemokine-induced signaling. Moreover, D6 suppresses inflammation in many mouse tissues, and notably, D6-deficient fetuses in D6-deficient female mice show increased susceptibility to inflammation-driven resorption. In this paper, we report strong anti-D6 immunoreactivity, with specific intracellular distribution patterns, in trophoblast-derived cells in human placenta, decidua, and gestational membranes throughout pregnancy and in trophoblast disease states of hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma. We show, for the first time, that endogenous D6 in a human choriocarcinoma-derived cell line can mediate progressive chemokine scavenging and that the D6 ligand CCL2 can specifically associate with human syncytiotrophoblasts in term placenta in situ. Moreover, despite strong chemokine production by gestational tissues, levels of D6-binding chemokines in maternal plasma decrease during pregnancy, even in women with pre-eclampsia, a disease associated with increased maternal inflammation. In mice, D6 is not required for syngeneic or semiallogeneic fetal survival in unchallenged mice, but interestingly, it does suppress fetal resorption after embryo transfer into fully allogeneic recipients. These data support the view that trophoblast D6 scavenges maternal chemokines at the fetomaternal interface and that, in some circumstances, this can help to ensure fetal survival.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL2/blood
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Embryo Transfer/adverse effects
- Embryo Transfer/mortality
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/immunology
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Female
- Graft Survival/genetics
- Graft Survival/immunology
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/blood
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Male
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange/genetics
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Pre-Eclampsia/genetics
- Pre-Eclampsia/immunology
- Pre-Eclampsia/pathology
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Outcome/genetics
- Pregnancy Proteins/biosynthesis
- Pregnancy Proteins/blood
- Pregnancy Proteins/deficiency
- Pregnancy Proteins/genetics
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptors, CCR10/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR10/blood
- Receptors, CCR10/deficiency
- Receptors, CCR10/genetics
- Transplantation, Homologous/mortality
- Trophoblasts/cytology
- Trophoblasts/immunology
- Trophoblasts/metabolism
- Chemokine Receptor D6
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Madigan
- Division of Immunology, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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Naumann U, Cameroni E, Pruenster M, Mahabaleshwar H, Raz E, Zerwes HG, Rot A, Thelen M. CXCR7 functions as a scavenger for CXCL12 and CXCL11. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9175. [PMID: 20161793 PMCID: PMC2820091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CXCR7 (RDC1), the recently discovered second receptor for CXCL12, is phylogenetically closely related to chemokine receptors, but fails to couple to G-proteins and to induce typical chemokine receptor mediated cellular responses. The function of CXCR7 is controversial. Some studies suggest a signaling activity in mammalian cells and zebrafish embryos, while others indicate a decoy activity in fish. Here we investigated the two propositions in human tissues. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We provide evidence and mechanistic insight that CXCR7 acts as specific scavenger for CXCL12 and CXCL11 mediating effective ligand internalization and targeting of the chemokine cargo for degradation. Consistently, CXCR7 continuously cycles between the plasma membrane and intracellular compartments in the absence and presence of ligand, both in mammalian cells and in zebrafish. In accordance with the proposed activity as a scavenger receptor CXCR7-dependent chemokine degradation does not become saturated with increasing ligand concentrations. Active CXCL12 sequestration by CXCR7 is demonstrated in adult mouse heart valves and human umbilical vein endothelium. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The finding that CXCR7 specifically scavenges CXCL12 suggests a critical function of the receptor in modulating the activity of the ubiquitously expressed CXCR4 in development and tumor formation. Scavenger activity of CXCR7 might also be important for the fine tuning of the mobility of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and lymphoid organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Naumann
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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40
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Abstract
Chemokines mediate leukocyte emigration from blood into tissues. This process is triggered by chemokines binding and signaling through their cognate G-protein-coupled receptors on leukocytes and requires the involvement of leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Additionally, in vivo chemokine activity depends on their interaction with "auxiliary" molecules expressed by the vascular endothelial cells. Secreted chemokines can be immobilized on the luminal and abluminal endothelial cell surfaces by glycosaminoglycans. In order to be targeted to their presentation sites on the luminal endothelial cell surface, the tissue-derived chemokines have to cross the endothelial cell barrier. For inflammatory chemokines this is accomplished by active transport involving Duffy antigen, an 'interceptor' expressed by venular endothelial cells. Other chemokine interceptors, D6 in particular, may act as scavenging decoys and are involved in clearance of chemokines. The interceptor-mediated transport or elimination of chemokines, together with their immobilization by glycosaminoglycans, lead to chemokine patterning at the blood-tissue interface and within tissues. The resulting chemokine gradients induce leukocyte emigration from blood and may also be necessary for directed leukocyte migration within tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antal Rot
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Vienna, Brunnerstr. 59, A1230 Vienna, Austria.
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41
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Eller K, Weber T, Pruenster M, Wolf AM, Mayer G, Rosenkranz AR, Rot A. CCR7 deficiency exacerbates injury in acute nephritis due to aberrant localization of regulatory T cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 21:42-52. [PMID: 19917782 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2009020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The homing of dendritic cells and T cells to secondary lymphoid organs requires chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression on these cells. T cells mediate the pathogenesis of experimental accelerated nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTS), including its suppression by regulatory T cells (Tregs), but the contribution of CCR7 to this disease is unknown. Here, we compared the development of NTS in CCR7-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Compared with WT mice, CCR7KO mice developed more severe disease with significantly more inflammatory cells infiltrating the kidney. These cells included FoxP3(+) Tregs, which were virtually absent from WT kidneys. The adoptive transfer of WT Tregs into CCR7KO mice at the time of immunization protected the recipients from disease; these cells homed to secondary lymphoid organs but not to kidneys. Conversely, adoptive transfer of CCR7KO Tregs into WT mice did not inhibit development of NTS. These data suggest that NTS can develop without CCR7 expression, but Treg-mediated disease suppression, which seems to occur in secondary lymphoid organs, requires CCR7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Eller
- Innsbruck Medical University, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine IV-Nephrology and Hypertension, Anichstrasse. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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42
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Gruber R, Karreth F, Kandler B, Fuerst G, Rot A, Fischer MB, Watzek G. Platelet-released supernatants increase migration and proliferation, and decrease osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells underin vitroconditions. Platelets 2009; 15:29-35. [PMID: 14985174 DOI: 10.1080/09537100310001643999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma is currently promoted to serve as an adjuvant for bone grafts to enhance quantity and quality of newly forming bone; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms are not fully understood. We show here that supernatants of leukocyte-depleted thrombin-activated platelets increase migration and proliferation, and decrease osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells under in vitro conditions. Using neutralizing antibodies raised against platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), the observed effects of platelet-released supernatants were diminished. The mitogenic response was also decreased when extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signalling was inhibited by PD98059; however, PD98059 did not reverse the effects of platelet-released supernatants on migration and osteogenic differentiation. Consistent with an ERK-mediated mitogenic activity, incubation of serum-starved mesenchymal cell progenitors with platelet-released supernatants increased phosphorylation of the kinase. Together, these observations indicate that PDGF is a key factor released upon platelet activation that can increase migration and proliferation, and decreases osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells under in vitro conditions. The results further suggest that ERK signalling is required to mediate the mitogenic response to platelet-released supernatants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Gruber
- Dental School , Deparment of Oral Surgery, Uibersity of Vienna, Austria.
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43
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Vielhauer V, Allam R, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Draganovici D, Mandelbaum J, Eltrich N, Nelson PJ, Anders HJ, Pruenster M, Rot A, Schlöndorff D, Segerer S. Efficient renal recruitment of macrophages and T cells in mice lacking the duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines. Am J Pathol 2009; 175:119-31. [PMID: 19498001 PMCID: PMC2708800 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines (DARC) is a chemokine-binding protein that is expressed on erythrocytes and renal endothelial cells. DARC-mediated endothelial transcytosis of chemokines may facilitate the renal recruitment of macrophages and T cells, as has been suggested for neutrophils. We studied the role of Darc in two mouse models of prolonged renal inflammation, one that primarily involves the tubulointerstitium (unilateral ureteral obstruction), and one that requires an adaptive immune response that leads to glomerulonephritis (accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis). Renal expression of Darc and its ligands was increased in both models. Leukocytes effectively infiltrated obstructed kidneys in Darc-deficient mice with pronounced T-cell infiltration at early time points. Development of interstitial fibrosis was comparable in both genotypes. Nephrotoxic nephritis was inducible in Darc-deficient mice, with both an increased humoral immune response and functional impairment during the early phase of disease. Leukocytes efficiently infiltrated kidneys of Darc-deficient mice, with increased cell numbers at early but not late time points. Taken together, renal inflammation developed more rapidly in DARC-deficient mice, without affecting the extent of renal injury at later time points. Thus, genetic elimination of Darc in mice does not prevent the development of renal infiltrates and may even enhance such development during the early phases of interstitial and glomerular diseases in mouse models of prolonged renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Vielhauer
- Medizinische Poliklinik, Campus Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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44
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Széles L, Keresztes G, Töröcsik D, Balajthy Z, Krenács L, Póliska S, Steinmeyer A, Zuegel U, Pruenster M, Rot A, Nagy L. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is an autonomous regulator of the transcriptional changes leading to a tolerogenic dendritic cell phenotype. J Immunol 2009; 182:2074-83. [PMID: 19201860 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25-vitD) reprograms dendritic cells (DC) to become tolerogenic. Previous studies suggested that 1,25-vitD could inhibit the changes brought about by differentiation and maturation of DCs. Underpinning the described phenotypic and functional alterations, there must be 1,25-vitD-coordinated transcriptional events. However, this transcriptional program has not been systematically investigated, particularly not in a developmental context. Hence, it has not been explored how 1,25-vitD-regulated genes, particularly the ones bringing about the tolerogenic phenotype, are connected to differentiation. We conducted global gene expression analysis followed by comprehensive quantitative PCR validation to clarify the interrelationship between 1,25-vitD and differentiation-driven gene expression patterns in developing human monocyte-derived and blood myeloid DCs. In this study we show that 1,25-vitD regulates a large set of genes that are not affected by differentiation. Interestingly, several genes, impacted both by the ligand and by differentiation, appear to be regulated by 1,25-vitD independently of the developmental context. We have also characterized the kinetics of generation of 1,25-vitD by using three early and robustly regulated genes, the chemokine CCL22, the inhibitory receptors CD300LF and CYP24A1. We found that monocyte-derived DCs are able to turn on 1,25-vitD sensitive genes in early phases of differentiation if the precursor is present. Our data collectively suggest that exogenous or endogenously generated 1,25-vitD regulates a large set of its targets autonomously and not via inhibition of differentiation and maturation, leading to the previously characterized tolerogenic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lajos Széles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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45
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Pruenster M, Mudde L, Bombosi P, Dimitrova S, Zsak M, Middleton J, Richmond A, Graham GJ, Segerer S, Nibbs RJB, Rot A. Erratum: The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines transports chemokines and supports their promigratory activity. Nat Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/ni0209-223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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McKimmie CS, Fraser AR, Hansell C, Gutiérrez L, Philipsen S, Connell L, Rot A, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Carreno P, Pruenster M, Chu CC, Lombardi G, Halsey C, McInnes IB, Liew FY, Nibbs RJ, Graham GJ. Hemopoietic cell expression of the chemokine decoy receptor D6 is dynamic and regulated by GATA1. J Immunol 2008; 181:8171-81. [PMID: 19039854 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.11.8170-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
D6 scavenges inflammatory chemokines and is essential for the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Mechanisms explaining the cellular basis for D6 function have been based on D6 expression by lymphatic endothelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate that functional D6 is also expressed by murine and human hemopoietic cells and that this expression can be regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory agents. D6 expression was highest in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In myeloid cells, LPS down-regulated expression, while TGF-beta up-regulated expression. Activation of T cells with anti-CD3 and soluble CD28 up-regulated mRNA expression 20-fold, while maturation of human macrophage and megakaryocyte precursors also up-regulated D6 expression. Competition assays demonstrated that chemokine uptake was D6 dependent in human leukocytes, whereas mouse D6-null cells failed to uptake and clear inflammatory chemokines. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating that D6 expression is GATA1 dependent, thus explaining D6 expression in myeloid progenitor cells, mast cells, megakaryocytes, and DCs. We propose a model for D6 function in which leukocytes, within inflamed sites, activate D6 expression and thus trigger resolution of inflammatory responses. Our data on D6 expression by circulating DCs and B cells also suggest alternative roles for D6, perhaps in the coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses. These data therefore alter our models of in vivo D6 function and suggest possible discrete, and novel, roles for D6 on lymphatic endothelial cells and leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive S McKimmie
- Division of Immunology, Grasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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47
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Rubic T, Lametschwandtner G, Jost S, Hinteregger S, Kund J, Carballido-Perrig N, Schwärzler C, Junt T, Voshol H, Meingassner JG, Mao X, Werner G, Rot A, Carballido JM. Triggering the succinate receptor GPR91 on dendritic cells enhances immunity. Nat Immunol 2008; 9:1261-9. [PMID: 18820681 DOI: 10.1038/ni.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Succinate acts as an extracellular mediator signaling through the G protein-coupled receptor GPR91. Here we show that dendritic cells had high expression of GPR91. In these cells, succinate triggered intracellular calcium mobilization, induced migratory responses and acted in synergy with Toll-like receptor ligands for the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinate also enhanced antigen-specific activation of human and mouse helper T cells. GPR91-deficient mice had less migration of Langerhans cells to draining lymph nodes and impaired tetanus toxoid-specific recall T cell responses. Furthermore, GPR91-deficient allografts elicited weaker transplant rejection than did the corresponding grafts from wild-type mice. Our results suggest that the succinate receptor GPR91 is involved in sensing immunological danger, which establishes a link between immunity and a metabolite of cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Rubic
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Vienna A-1235, Austria
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48
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McKimmie CS, Fraser AR, Hansell C, Gutiérrez L, Philipsen S, Connell L, Rot A, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Carreno P, Pruenster M, Chu CC, Lombardi G, Halsey C, McInnes IB, Liew FY, Nibbs RJ, Graham GJ. Hemopoietic cell expression of the chemokine decoy receptor D6 is dynamic and regulated by GATA1. J Immunol 2008; 181:3353-63. [PMID: 18714007 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.5.3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
D6 scavenges inflammatory chemokines and is essential for the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Mechanisms explaining the cellular basis for D6 function have been based on D6 expression by lymphatic endothelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate that functional D6 is also expressed by murine and human hemopoietic cells and that this expression can be regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory agents. D6 expression was highest in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In myeloid cells, LPS down-regulated expression, while TGF-beta up-regulated expression. Activation of T cells with anti-CD3 and soluble CD28 up-regulated mRNA expression 20-fold, while maturation of human macrophage and megakaryocyte precursors also up-regulated D6 expression. Competition assays demonstrated that chemokine uptake was D6 dependent in human leukocytes, whereas mouse D6-null cells failed to uptake and clear inflammatory chemokines. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating that D6 expression is GATA1 dependent, thus explaining D6 expression in myeloid progenitor cells, mast cells, megakaryocytes, and DCs. We propose a model for D6 function in which leukocytes, within inflamed sites, activate D6 expression and thus trigger resolution of inflammatory responses. Our data on D6 expression by circulating DCs and B cells also suggest alternative roles for D6, perhaps in the coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses. These data therefore alter our models of in vivo D6 function and suggest possible discrete, and novel, roles for D6 on lymphatic endothelial cells and leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive S McKimmie
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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49
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Chamberlain G, Wright K, Rot A, Ashton B, Middleton J. Murine mesenchymal stem cells exhibit a restricted repertoire of functional chemokine receptors: comparison with human. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2934. [PMID: 18698345 PMCID: PMC2488395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are non-haematopoeitic, stromal cells that are capable of differentiating into mesenchymal tissues such as bone and cartilage. They are rare in bone marrow, but have the ability to expand many-fold in culture, and retain their growth and multi-lineage potential. The properties of MSCs make them ideal candidates for tissue engineering. It has been shown that MSCs, when transplanted systemically, can home to sites of injury, suggesting that MSCs possess migratory capacity; however, mechanisms underlying migration of these cells remain unclear. Chemokine receptors and their ligands play an important role in tissue-specific homing of leukocytes. Here we define the cell surface chemokine receptor repertoire of murine MSCs from bone marrow, with a view to determining their migratory activity. We also define the chemokine receptor repertoire of human MSCs from bone marrow as a comparison. We isolated murine MSCs from the long bones of Balb/c mice by density gradient centrifugation and adherent cell culture. Human MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of patients undergoing hip replacement by density gradient centrifugation and adherent cell culture. The expression of chemokine receptors on the surface of MSCs was studied using flow cytometry. Primary murine MSCs expressed CCR6, CCR9, CXCR3 and CXCR6 on a large proportion of cells (73±11%, 44±25%, 55±18% and 96±2% respectively). Chemotaxis assays were used to verify functionality of these chemokine receptors. We have also demonstrated expression of these receptors on human MSCs, revealing some similarity in chemokine receptor expression between the two species. Consequently, these murine MSCs would be a useful model to further study the role of chemokine receptors in in vivo models of disease and injury, for example in recruitment of MSCs to inflamed tissues for repair or immunosupression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Chamberlain
- Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, Medical School, Keele University, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Karina Wright
- Spinal Studies, Medical School, Keele University, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Antal Rot
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brian Ashton
- Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, Medical School, Keele University, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Middleton
- Leopold Muller Arthritis Research Centre, Medical School, Keele University, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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50
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Winter D, Moser J, Kriehuber E, Wiesner C, Knobler R, Trautinger F, Bombosi P, Stingl G, Petzelbauer P, Rot A, Maurer D. Down-modulation of CXCR3 surface expression and function in CD8+ T cells from cutaneous T cell lymphoma patients. J Immunol 2007; 179:4272-82. [PMID: 17785868 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.4272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Viruses can escape destruction by the immune system by exploitation of the chemokine-chemokine receptor system. It is less established whether human cancers can adopt similar strategies to evade immunologic control. In this study, we show that advanced cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is associated with selective and efficient inactivation of CXCR3-dependent T cell migration. Our studies demonstrate that this alteration is at least in part due to CXCR3 down-regulation in vivo by elevated serum levels of CXCR3 ligands. The T cell population most affected by this down-regulatory mechanism are CD8+ cytotoxic effector T cells. In CTCL patients, cytotoxic effector T cells have strongly reduced surface CXCR3 expression, accumulate in peripheral blood, but are virtually absent from CTCL tumor lesions, indicating an inability to extravasate into lymphoma tissue. CTCL-associated inactivation of effector cell recruitment may be a paradigmatic example of a new type of immune escape mechanisms shielding the neoplasm from a tumoricidal attack.
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MESH Headings
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Cell Membrane
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- E-Selectin/biosynthesis
- E-Selectin/metabolism
- Endosomes/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- K562 Cells
- L-Selectin/biosynthesis
- Ligands
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/metabolism
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/pathology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous/therapy
- Lysosomes/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR3
- Receptors, Chemokine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Chemokine/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Chemokine/physiology
- Resting Phase, Cell Cycle/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Winter
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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